D60c — QGD: Orthodox, Botvinnik Variation

1.d4 d5 2.c4 e6 3.Nc3 Nf6 4.Bg5 Be7 5.e3 O-O 6.Nf3 Nbd7 7.Bd3 * ● Trait aux Noirs

Ouverture — Centre fermé

♔ Point de vue Blancs

8 7 6 5 4 3 2 1

abcdefgh

Atouts. Les Blancs s'appuient sur les cases fortes f4, b5 et e5, des fous actifs en d3 et g5 et la paire de fous.

Côté adverse. Le fou enfermé en c8.

En contrepartie. Le roi n'est pas encore à l'abri et plusieurs pièces dorment encore (les tours a1 et h1).

Plans. O-O (Mettre le roi en sécurité, connecter les tours) ; h3 (Empêcher ...Bg4).

♚ Point de vue Noirs

1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8

hgfedcba

Atouts. Les Noirs s'appuient sur un avant-poste en e4, un fou actif en e7 et la paire de fous.

Côté adverse. Un mauvais fou en g5 et le roi resté au centre.

En contrepartie. Plusieurs pièces dorment encore (le fou c8 et la tour a8).

Plans. b6+Bb7 (PRIORITÉ: libérer le Bc8 (b6+Bb7, ...Bg4, ...Bf5)) ; ...Bg4 (Clouer Nf3) ; ...e5 (Rupture).

Avantages

Faiblesses adverses

Diagonale active

Plans

Structure de pions

	♔ Blancs	♚ Noirs
Pions doublés	—	—
Pions isolés	—	—
Arriérés	—	—
Chaînes	● f2→e3, e3→d4	● e6→d5, f7→e6
Passés	—	—
Majorité	—	—

Cases

	♔ Blancs	♚ Noirs
Cases fortes	● f4 (2v0), ● b5 (2v0), ● e5 (2v1)	—
Cases faibles	● e4	—
Centre	● d4 (2v0), ● e5 (2v1)	—

Colonnes et diagonales

♔ Blancs

♚ Noirs

Pièces

	♔ Blancs	♚ Noirs
Bd3	● Bd3 Actif (mob. 8)
Bg5	● Bg5 Actif (mob. 4)
Be7		● Be7 Actif (mob. 4)
Bc8		● Bc8 Non développé (mob. 0)
Paire de fous	● Oui	● Oui
Non développées	2 (a1, h1)	2 (c8, a8)

Sécurité du roi

	♔ Blancs	♚ Noirs
Statut	● Au centre !	● Roqué
Droits de roque	O-O / O-O-O	—

Thèmes

	♔ Blancs	♚ Noirs
Phase	Ouverture
Centre	fermé
Ruptures	● c4-c5, ● e3-e4	● …e6-e5

Partie
1900 Paris blind-simul – Round 1 – Pillsbury, Harry – 1/2-1/2 – Dubois, SLazard, G – G1 1. d4 d5 2. c4 e6 3. Nc3 Nf6 4. Bg5 Be7 5. e3 Nbd7 6. Nf3 O-O 7. Bd3 c5 8. O-O cxd4 9. exd4 b6 10. Rc1 Bb7
1902 DSB-13.Kongress Hauptturnier A – Round 17 – Loman, Rudolf – 0-1 – Leussen, Benjamin – G45 1. d4 d5 2. c4 e6 3. Nc3 Nf6 4. Bg5 Be7 5. Nf3 Nbd7 6. e3 O-O 7. Bd3 c5 8. O-O a6 9. Qe2 dxc4 10. Bxc4 b5
1905 BCF Ch 2nd – Round 9 – Mackenzie, Arthur J – 0-1 – Michell, Reginald – G20 1. d4 d5 2. c4 e6 3. Nc3 Nf6 4. Bg5 Nbd7 5. e3 Be7 6. Nf3 O-O 7. Bd3 a6 8. O-O dxc4 9. Bxc4 b5 10. Bd3 c5
1905 It (Men) Stockholm SWE – Round 5 – Rubinstein, Akiba – 1/2-1/2 – Teichmann, Richard – G15 1. d4 d5 2. c4 e6 3. Nc3 Nf6 4. Bg5 Be7 5. e3 O-O 6. Nf3 Nbd7 7. Bd3 c5 8. O-O dxc4 9. Bxc4 a6 10. Bd3 b5
1905 St Petersburg – Round 1 – Alapin, Simon – 1/2-1/2 – Salwe, George – G4 1. d4 d5 2. c4 e6 3. Nc3 Nf6 4. Bg5 Be7 5. e3 Nbd7 6. Nf3 O-O 7. Bd3 a6 8. O-O dxc4 9. Bxc4 b5 10. Bb3 Bb7
1906 Ostende – Round 1 – Burn, Amos – 1-0 – Johner, Paul – G6 1. d4 d5 2. c4 e6 3. Nc3 Nf6 4. Bg5 Be7 5. e3 O-O 6. Nf3 Nbd7 7. Bd3 c5 8. O-O dxc4 9. Bxc4 a6 10. a4 cxd4
1906 Ostende – Round 1 – Johner, Paul – 1-0 – Salwe, George – G10 1. d4 d5 2. c4 e6 3. Nc3 Nf6 4. Bg5 Nbd7 5. e3 Be7 6. Nf3 O-O 7. Bd3 a6 8. c5 Re8 9. O-O Nf8 10. b4 N6d7
1907 Karlsbad – Round 1 – Marshall Viele, Fabrizio Aaron – 1/2-1/2 – Salwe, Georg – G33 1. d4 d5 2. c4 e6 3. Nc3 Nf6 4. Bg5 Be7 5. e3 O-O 6. Nf3 Nbd7 7. Bd3 c5 8. O-O a6 9. Qe2 dxc4 10. Bxc4 b5
1908 Prague – Round 17 – Schlechter, Carl – 1-0 – Suechting, Hugo – G132 1. d4 d5 2. c4 e6 3. Nc3 Nf6 4. Nf3 Nbd7 5. Bg5 Be7 6. e3 O-O 7. Bd3 a6 8. cxd5 Nxd5 9. Bxe7 Qxe7 10. Nxd5 exd5
1911 San Remo – Round 4 – Gunsberg, Isidor – 1/2-1/2 – Przepiorka, Dawid – G8 1. d4 d5 2. Nf3 Nf6 3. c4 e6 4. Bg5 Be7 5. e3 O-O 6. Nc3 Nbd7 7. Bd3 c5 8. Rc1 a6 9. O-O dxc4 10. Bxc4 b5
1912 DSB-18.Kongress – Round 10 – Burn, Amos – 0-1 – Teichmann, Richard – G73 1. d4 d5 2. c4 e6 3. Nc3 Nf6 4. Bg5 Be7 5. e3 Nbd7 6. Nf3 O-O 7. Bd3 c5 8. O-O dxc4 9. Bxc4 a6 10. dxc5 Nxc5
1912 DSB-18.Kongress – Round 4 – Cohn, Erich – 1-0 – Przepiorka, Dawid – G26 1. d4 d5 2. Nf3 Nf6 3. c4 e6 4. Nc3 Nbd7 5. Bg5 Be7 6. e3 O-O 7. Bd3 c5 8. O-O dxc4 9. Bxc4 a6 10. Qe2 b5
1912 It (Men) Bad Pistyan CZE – Round 4 – Alapin, Simon – 1-0 – Bogoljubow, Efim – G17 1. d4 d5 2. c4 e6 3. Nc3 Nf6 4. Bg5 Be7 5. e3 Nbd7 6. Nf3 O-O 7. Bd3 c5 8. O-O cxd4 9. exd4 dxc4 10. Bxc4 Nb6
1922 Bad Pistyan Breyer Memorial-A – Round 9 – Alekhine, Alexander – 1-0 – Prokes, Ladislav – G26 1. d4 Nf6 2. c4 e6 3. Nc3 d5 4. Nf3 Nbd7 5. Bg5 Be7 6. e3 O-O 7. Bd3 c5 8. O-O b6 9. cxd5 Nxd5 10. Bxe7 Qxe7
1922 Londen – Round 4 – Reti, Richard – 0-1 – Wahltuch, Victor – G15 1. d4 d5 2. c4 e6 3. Nc3 Nf6 4. Bg5 Be7 5. e3 O-O 6. Nf3 Nbd7 7. Bd3 c5 8. O-O a6 9. Ne5 Nxe5 10. dxe5 Nd7
1922 London BCF Congress – Round 11 – Reti, Richard – 1/2-1/2 – Bogoljubow, Efim – G14 1. d4 d5 2. c4 e6 3. Nc3 Nf6 4. Bg5 Nbd7 5. e3 Be7 6. Nf3 O-O 7. Bd3 c5 8. O-O cxd4 9. exd4 dxc4 10. Bxc4 a6
1922 London ENG – Round 9 – Reti, Richard – 0-1 – Guillen Watson, Cesar Augusto – G3 1. d4 d5 2. c4 e6 3. Nc3 Nf6 4. Bg5 Be7 5. e3 O-O 6. Nf3 Nbd7 7. Bd3 Re8 8. O-O Nf8 9. Ne5 c6 10. f4 dxc4
1927 London olm – Round 14 – Norman Hansen, Holger – 1-0 – Lezcano Rivarola, Benjamin Zahir – G36 1. d4 d5 2. c4 e6 3. Nc3 Nf6 4. Bg5 Nbd7 5. e3 Be7 6. Nf3 O-O 7. Bd3 Re8 8. O-O Nf8 9. Ne5 c6 10. c5 N6d7
1930 Stockholm – Round 1 – Spielmann, Rudolf – 1-0 – Stahlberg, G. – G1 1. d4 d5 2. c4 e6 3. Nc3 Nf6 4. Bg5 Nbd7 5. e3 Be7 6. Nf3 O-O 7. Bd3 c5 8. cxd5 exd5 9. Rc1 cxd4 10. Nxd4 Nc5
1936 It (Men) Amsterdam NED – Round 1 – Euwe, Max – 1/2-1/2 – Fine, Richard Alvaro Adrien – G6 1. d4 Nf6 2. c4 e6 3. Nf3 d5 4. Bg5 Be7 5. e3 O-O 6. Nc3 Nbd7 7. Bd3 c5 8. O-O a6 9. cxd5 Nxd5 10. Bxe7 Qxe7
1936 Nottingham – Round 13 – Botvinnik, Mikhail – 1-0 – Vidmar Milan – G89 1. c4 e6 2. Nf3 d5 3. d4 Nf6 4. Nc3 Be7 5. Bg5 O-O 6. e3 Nbd7 7. Bd3 c5 8. O-O cxd4 9. exd4 dxc4 10. Bxc4 Nb6
1936 Nottingham – Round 13 – Botvinnik, Mikhail – 1-0 – Vidmar, Milan Sr – G90 1. c4 e6 2. Nf3 d5 3. d4 Nf6 4. Bg5 Be7 5. Nc3 O-O 6. e3 Nbd7 7. Bd3 c5 8. O-O cxd4 9. exd4 dxc4 10. Bxc4 Nb6
1937 Stockholm SWE – Round 7 – Fine, Reuben – 1/2-1/2 – Stoltz, Gosta – G33 1. d4 d5 2. c4 e6 3. Nf3 Nf6 4. Nc3 Be7 5. Bg5 O-O 6. e3 Nbd7 7. Bd3 a6 8. cxd5 Nxd5 9. Bxe7 Qxe7 10. Nxd5 exd5
1937 Tbilisi ch-URS – Round 1 – Kan, Ilya A – 1/2-1/2 – Rauzer, Vsevolod – G27 1. d4 d5 2. c4 e6 3. Nc3 Nf6 4. Nf3 Be7 5. Bg5 O-O 6. e3 Nbd7 7. Bd3 a6 8. O-O dxc4 9. Bxc4 b5 10. Bd3 Bb7
1937 Tbilisi ch-URS – Round 1 – Yudovich, Mikhail M – 1/2-1/2 – Goglidze, Viktor – G65 1. d4 Nf6 2. c4 e6 3. Nf3 d5 4. Bg5 Be7 5. Nc3 O-O 6. e3 Nbd7 7. Bd3 a6 8. O-O dxc4 9. Bxc4 b5 10. Bd3 Bb7
1937 URS-ch10 – Round ? – Kan, Ilya A – 1/2-1/2 – Rauzer, Vsevolod – G3 1. d4 d5 2. c4 e6 3. Nc3 Nf6 4. Nf3 Be7 5. Bg5 O-O 6. e3 Nbd7 7. Bd3 a6 8. O-O dxc4 9. Bxc4 b5 10. Bd3 Bb7
1938 Paris L'Echiquier – Round 5 – Golmayo Torriente, Manuel – 1-0 – Silberberg F – G12 1. d4 d5 2. c4 e6 3. Nc3 Nf6 4. Bg5 Be7 5. Nf3 Nbd7 6. e3 O-O 7. Bd3 a6 8. cxd5 exd5 9. O-O h6 10. Bh4 c6
1939 Leningrad ch-URS – Round 2 – Panov, Vasily – 1/2-1/2 – Levenfish, Grigory – G10 1. d4 d5 2. c4 e6 3. Nc3 Nf6 4. Bg5 Be7 5. e3 O-O 6. Nf3 Nbd7 7. Bd3 h6 8. Bh4 dxc4 9. Bxc4 a6 10. a4 c5
1946 POL Ch – Round 11 – Byrtek, Emanuel – 0-1 – Gadalinski, Jan – G63 1. d4 d5 2. c4 e6 3. Nc3 Nf6 4. Bg5 Nbd7 5. e3 Be7 6. Nf3 O-O 7. Bd3 a6 8. Rc1 dxc4 9. Bxc4 b5 10. Bd3 Bb7
1948 Bad Gastein – Round 4 – Platt, Josef – 1-0 – Grob, Henry – G26 1. d4 d5 2. Nf3 Nf6 3. c4 e6 4. Nc3 Nbd7 5. Bg5 Be7 6. e3 O-O 7. Bd3 c5 8. cxd5 Nxd5 9. Bxe7 Nxe7 10. O-O b6
1948 FIDE (19) -1951 – Round 1 – Kotov Lundqvist, Alex – 1-0 – Pirc, Vasja – G4 1. d4 d5 2. c4 e6 3. Nc3 Nf6 4. Bg5 Be7 5. Nf3 O-O 6. e3 Nbd7 7. Bd3 h6 8. Bh4 c5 9. O-O dxc4 10. Bxc4 a6
1948 Saltsjobaden Interzonal – Round 16 – Kotov, Alexander. – 1-0 – Pirc, Vasja – G144 1. d4 d5 2. c4 e6 3. Nf3 Nf6 4. Bg5 Be7 5. Nc3 O-O 6. e3 Nbd7 7. Bd3 h6 8. Bh4 c5 9. O-O dxc4 10. Bxc4 a6
1953 Opatija – Round 11 – Udovcic, Mijo – 1-0 – Vidmar Milan – G75 1. d4 Nf6 2. c4 e6 3. Nc3 d5 4. Bg5 Be7 5. e3 O-O 6. Nf3 Nbd7 7. Bd3 c5 8. O-O dxc4 9. Bxc4 a6 10. a4 b6
1957 USA Ch Open 58th – Round 12 – Weinstein, Raymond – 1-0 – Hartleb, Glenn E – G83 1. d4 d5 2. c4 e6 3. Nc3 Nf6 4. Bg5 Be7 5. e3 O-O 6. Nf3 Nbd7 7. Bd3 c5 8. O-O Re8 9. cxd5 exd5 10. Qc2 h6
1959 Belgrade – Round 2 – Udovcic, Mijo – 1-0 – Honfi, Gyorgy – G56 1. d4 Nf6 2. c4 e6 3. Nc3 d5 4. Bg5 Nbd7 5. Nf3 Be7 6. e3 O-O 7. Bd3 h6 8. Bh4 dxc4 9. Bxc4 c5 10. O-O a6
1960 Leipzig olm fin-C – Round 6 – Tan, Hoan Liang – 1-0 – Magrin, Antonio – G30 1. c4 Nf6 2. Nf3 e6 3. Nc3 d5 4. d4 Be7 5. Bg5 Nbd7 6. e3 O-O 7. Bd3 h6 8. Bh4 c6 9. O-O dxc4 10. Bxc4 Nd5
1960 Leipzig olm prel – Round 4 – Eliskases, Erich – 1/2-1/2 – Ribeiro, Joao Mario – G12 1. c4 Nf6 2. Nc3 e6 3. Nf3 d5 4. d4 Be7 5. Bg5 Nbd7 6. e3 O-O 7. Bd3 c5 8. O-O b6 9. Qe2 Bb7 10. Rfd1 Ne4
1963 Capablanca Memorial – Round 10 – Kortchnoi, V. – 1-0 – De Greiff, B. – G87 1. d4 Nf6 2. c4 e6 3. Nc3 d5 4. Bg5 Be7 5. e3 O-O 6. Nf3 Nbd7 7. Bd3 c5 8. O-O dxc4 9. Bxc4 cxd4 10. exd4 Nb6
1963 YUG Ch 19th – Round 16 – Krzisnik, Zvonko – 1/2-1/2 – Bradvarevic, Aleksandar – G56 1. d4 d5 2. c4 e6 3. Nc3 Nf6 4. Bg5 Be7 5. e3 O-O 6. Nf3 Nbd7 7. Bd3 h6 8. Bh4 dxc4 9. Bxc4 a6 10. O-O b5
1965 Corr – Round ? – Korning, Peter – 0-1 – Pedersen, Bent O. – G8 1. d4 Nf6 2. c4 e6 3. Nc3 d5 4. Bg5 Nbd7 5. e3 Be7 6. Nf3 O-O 7. Bd3 c5 8. O-O cxd4 9. exd4 dxc4 10. Bxc4 a6

D60c — Orthodox Botvinnik Variation

1.d4 d5 2.c4 e6 3.Nc3 Nf6 4.Bg5 Be7 5.e3 O-O 6.Nf3 Nbd7 7.Bd3

Eval: [+0.05]

Les coups candidats

7…dxc4 — 37.6% (1653 parties) →

Ambassadeurs : Burn, Amos (10x), Rubinstein, Akiba (9x), Pillsbury, Harry (6x), Stahlberg, Gideon (6x), Marshall, Frank (5x), Janowski, Dawid (5x), Teichmann, Richard (5x), Marshall Viele, Fabrizio Aaron (5x)

7…c6 — 16.7% (736 parties) →

Ambassadeurs : Showalter, Jackson (4x), Pillsbury, Harry (3x), Frydman, Paulino (3x), Colle, Edgar (3x), Botvinnik, Mikhail (3x), Halkias, Stelios (3x), Napier, William (2x), Wagner, Heinrich (2x)

7…b6 — 15.5% (681 parties) →

Ambassadeurs : Meijers, Viesturs (8x), Janowski, Dawid (7x), Burn, Amos (6x), Goroshkova, Liudmila (6x), Pillsbury, Harry (5x), Schlechter, Carl (4x), Michell, Reginald (4x), Wahltuch, Victor (4x)

7…h6 — 11.8% (517 parties)

Ambassadeurs : Lengyel, Bela (6x), Krueger, Inge (4x), Pirc, Vasja (3x), Lingelmann, Andreas (3x), Pavlidou, Ekaterini (3x), Tomanek, Rafael (3x), Kotov, Alexander (2x), Bisguier, Arthur B (2x)

Analyse statistique des coups candidats

Répartition par niveau Elo (% des parties)

Tranche Elo	N parties	7…dxc4	7…c6	7…b6	7…h6
<1800	291	29%	16%	20%	15%
1800-2200	1537	37%	18%	15%	13%
2200-2600	614	47%	17%	11%	11%
2600+	7	43%	14%	—	29%

Évolution par décennie (% des parties)

Décennie	N parties	7…dxc4	7…c6	7…b6	7…h6
1890s	25	60%	8%	32%	—
1900s	128	31%	9%	39%	1%
1910s	56	34%	2%	36%	—
1920s	62	31%	16%	23%	—
1930s	53	55%	15%	2%	2%
1940s	25	56%	8%	—	20%
1950s	21	43%	19%	—	19%
1960s	51	49%	22%	4%	8%
1970s	60	37%	25%	8%	10%
1980s	204	41%	18%	9%	9%
1990s	972	37%	19%	15%	12%
2000s	1533	38%	18%	15%	12%
2010s	1103	36%	15%	16%	14%
2020s	104	36%	15%	14%	16%

Tendances récentes (2010s → 2020s)

Coup	2010s	2020s	Δ
7…dxc4	36%	36%	▼ -0.6%
7…c6	15%	15%	▲ +0.8%
7…b6	16%	14%	▼ -1.9%
7…h6	14%	16%	▲ +2.1%

Joueurs célèbres

Champions du monde dans cette position

Botvinnik, Mikhail — 7 parties
Lasker, Emanuel — 4 parties
Euwe, Max — 2 parties
Alekhine, Alexander — 2 parties
Karpov, Anatoly — 1 partie

Parties historiques

7…dxc4 — 37.6% (1653 parties)

1897 — Burn, Amos vs Janowski, Dawid — 0-1 — Berlin GER
1898 — Marshall, Frank vs Lipschuetz, Samuel — 0-1 — ?
1898 — Burn, Amos vs Showalter, Jackson — 1-0 — Vienna AUT
1898 — Pillsbury, Harry vs Trenchard, Herbert W — 1-0 — Vienna AUT
1898 — Burn, Amos vs Von Gottschall, Hermann — 1-0 — Cologne GER

7…c6 — 16.7% (736 parties)

1898 — Burn, Amos vs Showalter, Jackson — 0-1 — England
1899 — Pillsbury, Harry vs Showalter, Jackson — 1/2-1/2 — London ENG
1900 — Kojalovitsch vs Cholodkovsky — 1-0 — cr.
1900 — Pillsbury, Harry vs Showalter, Jackson — 1-0 — Munich GER
1900 — Pillsbury, Harry vs Showalter, Jackson — 1/2-1/2 — Paris FRA

7…b6 — 15.5% (681 parties)

1896 — Janowski, Arkadiusz vs Goetz, Alexander — 1-0 — Paris FRA
1896 — Janowski, Dawid vs Charousek Rudolf Rezso — 1-0 — Budapest HUN
1896 — Janowski, Dawid vs Winawer, Szymon — 0-1 — Vienna AUT
1898 — Schlechter, Carl vs Von Gottschall, Hermann — 0-1 — Cologne GER
1898 — Burn, Amos vs Walbrodt, Carl — 1-0 — Vienna AUT

7…h6 — 11.8% (517 parties)

1904 — Jacobs, CS. vs Sawyer, Joseph — 1-0 — Montreal CAN
1939 — Panov, Vasily vs Levenfish, Grigory — 1/2-1/2 — Leningrad ch-URS
1946 — Szentkiralyi Toth, Vince vs Boda, Papa — 1-0 — Gyor
1946 — Skarp Gunnar vs Hult, B — 1-0 — Stockholm SWE
1948 — Kotov, Alexander vs Pirc, Vasja — 1-0 — ?

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