D60f — QGD: Orthodox, Botvinnik, 7…c6

1.d4 d5 2.c4 e6 3.Nc3 Nf6 4.Bg5 Be7 5.e3 O-O 6.Nf3 Nbd7 7.Bd3 c6 * ○ Trait aux Blancs

Ouverture — Centre fermé

♔ Point de vue Blancs

8 7 6 5 4 3 2 1

abcdefgh

Atouts. Les Blancs s'appuient sur les cases fortes f4 et e5, des fous actifs en d3 et g5 et la paire de fous.

Côté adverse. Le fou enfermé en c8.

En contrepartie. Le roi n'est pas encore à l'abri et plusieurs pièces dorment encore (les tours a1 et h1).

Plans. O-O (Mettre le roi en sécurité, connecter les tours) ; h3 (Empêcher ...Bg4).

♚ Point de vue Noirs

1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8

hgfedcba

Atouts. Les Noirs s'appuient sur un avant-poste en e4, un fou actif en e7 et la paire de fous.

Côté adverse. Un mauvais fou en g5 et le roi resté au centre.

En contrepartie. Plusieurs pièces dorment encore (le fou c8 et la tour a8).

Plans. b6+Bb7 (PRIORITÉ: libérer le Bc8 (b6+Bb7, ...Bg4, ...Bf5)) ; ...Bg4 (Clouer Nf3) ; ...c5 (Rupture) ; ...e5 (Rupture).

Avantages

Faiblesses adverses

Diagonale active

Plans

Structure de pions

	♔ Blancs	♚ Noirs
Pions doublés	—	—
Pions isolés	—	—
Arriérés	—	—
Chaînes	● f2→e3, e3→d4	● c6→d5, e6→d5, b7→c6, f7→e6
Passés	—	—
Majorité	—	—

Cases

	♔ Blancs	♚ Noirs
Cases fortes	● f4 (2v0), ● e5 (2v1)	—
Cases faibles	● e4	—
Centre	● d4 (2v0), ● e5 (2v1)	● d5 (3v2)

Colonnes et diagonales

♔ Blancs

♚ Noirs

Pièces

	♔ Blancs	♚ Noirs
Bd3	● Bd3 Actif (mob. 8)
Bg5	● Bg5 Actif (mob. 4)
Be7		● Be7 Actif (mob. 4)
Bc8		● Bc8 Non développé (mob. 0)
Paire de fous	● Oui	● Oui
Non développées	2 (a1, h1)	2 (c8, a8)

Sécurité du roi

	♔ Blancs	♚ Noirs
Statut	● Au centre !	● Roqué
Droits de roque	O-O / O-O-O	—

Thèmes

	♔ Blancs	♚ Noirs
Phase	Ouverture
Centre	fermé
Ruptures	● c4-c5, ● e3-e4	● …c6-c5, ● …e6-e5

Partie
1900 DSB-12.Kongress – Round 4 – Pillsbury, Harry – 1-0 – Showalter, Jackson – G24 1. d4 d5 2. c4 e6 3. Nc3 Nf6 4. Bg5 Be7 5. e3 Nbd7 6. Nf3 O-O 7. Bd3 c6 8. O-O dxc4 9. Bxc4 Nd5 10. Bxe7 Qxe7
1900 New York – Round 1 – Marshall Viele, Fabrizio Aaron – 0-1 – Lipschuetz, Samuel – G1 1. d4 d5 2. c4 e6 3. Nc3 Nf6 4. Bg5 Nbd7 5. Nf3 Be7 6. e3 c6 7. Bd3 O-O 8. O-O dxc4 9. Bxc4 b5 10. Bd3 a6
1902 DSB-13.Kongress – Round 6 – Janowski, Dawid – 1-0 – Chigorin, Mikhail – G27 1. d4 d5 2. Nf3 Nf6 3. c4 e6 4. Bg5 c6 5. Nc3 Be7 6. e3 Nbd7 7. Bd3 O-O 8. O-O dxc4 9. Bxc4 Nd5 10. Bxe7 Qxe7
1902 It (Men) Hanover GER – Round 17 – Napier, William – 1-0 – Olland, Adolf George – G46 1. d4 d5 2. c4 e6 3. Nc3 Nf6 4. Bg5 Be7 5. e3 Nbd7 6. Nf3 O-O 7. Bd3 c6 8. O-O Ne8 9. Bxe7 Qxe7 10. cxd5 exd5
1903 RUS-ch03 – Round 19 – Lovtsky, M. – 1/2-1/2 – Bernstein, Olivia – G64 1. d4 d5 2. c4 e6 3. Nc3 Nf6 4. Bg5 Nbd7 5. e3 c6 6. Nf3 Be7 7. Bd3 O-O 8. O-O dxc4 9. Bxc4 b5 10. Bd3 a6
1905 BCF Ch 2nd – Round 8 – Michell, Reginald – 1-0 – Gunston, William H – G17 1. d4 d5 2. c4 e6 3. Nc3 Be7 4. Nf3 Nf6 5. Bg5 Nbd7 6. e3 O-O 7. Bd3 c6 8. O-O dxc4 9. Bxc4 Nd5 10. Bxe7 Qxe7
1905 Hauptturnier A – Round 1 – Loewy, Leopold Jr – 1/2-1/2 – Důras, Oldřich – G1 1. d4 d5 2. c4 e6 3. Nc3 Nf6 4. Bg5 Nbd7 5. e3 Be7 6. Nf3 O-O 7. Bd3 c6 8. O-O dxc4 9. Bxc4 Nd5 10. Bxe7 Qxe7
1911 Karlsbad – Round 1 – Marshall Viele, Fabrizio Aaron – 1-0 – Salwe, Georg – G46 1. d4 d5 2. c4 e6 3. Nc3 c6 4. Nf3 Nf6 5. Bg5 Be7 6. e3 Nbd7 7. Bd3 O-O 8. a3 c5 9. O-O b6 10. cxd5 exd5
1911 New York USA – Round 1 – Marshall Viele, Fabrizio Aaron – 1-0 – Walcott, G. – G3 1. d4 d5 2. c4 e6 3. Nc3 Nf6 4. Bg5 Be7 5. e3 c6 6. Nf3 Nbd7 7. Bd3 O-O 8. O-O Re8 9. Rc1 Nf8 10. Qe2 N6d7
1914 St Petersburg preliminary – Round 4 – Janowski, Dawid – 1/2-1/2 – Gunsberg, Isidor – G8 1. d4 d5 2. Nf3 Nf6 3. c4 e6 4. Bg5 Be7 5. e3 O-O 6. Nc3 c6 7. Bd3 Nbd7 8. O-O dxc4 9. Bxc4 Nd5 10. Bxe7 Qxe7
1914 St Petersburg RUS – Round 4 – Janowski, Dawid – 1/2-1/2 – Gunsberg, Isidor – G1 1. d4 d5 2. Nf3 Nf6 3. c4 e6 4. Bg5 Be7 5. e3 O-O 6. Nc3 c6 7. Bd3 Nbd7 8. O-O dxc4 9. Bxc4 Nd5 10. Bxe7 Qxe7
1915 New York USA – Round 7 – Chajes, Oscar – 1-0 – Hodges, Albert – G8 1. d4 d5 2. Nf3 Nf6 3. c4 e6 4. Nc3 Nbd7 5. Bg5 Be7 6. e3 O-O 7. Bd3 c6 8. O-O Re8 9. Rc1 dxc4 10. Bxc4 Nd5
1919 Stockholm – Round 1 – Bogoljubow, Efim – 1-0 – Rubinstein, Akiba – G1 1. d4 d5 2. c4 e6 3. Nf3 Nf6 4. Nc3 Be7 5. Bg5 Nbd7 6. e3 c6 7. Bd3 O-O 8. O-O dxc4 9. Bxc4 Nd5 10. Ne4 Bxg5
1923 Vienna – Round 11 – Gruenfeld, Ernst – 1-0 – Von Patay, Julius – G54 1. d4 d5 2. c4 e6 3. Nc3 Nf6 4. Bg5 Be7 5. e3 c6 6. Nf3 Nbd7 7. Bd3 O-O 8. O-O h6 9. Bh4 Re8 10. Qc2 dxc4
1924 Merano – Round 6 – Tarrasch, Siegbert – 0-1 – Przepiorka, Dawid – G17 1. d4 d5 2. c4 c6 3. Nf3 Nf6 4. Nc3 e6 5. Bg5 Nbd7 6. e3 Be7 7. Bd3 O-O 8. O-O h6 9. Bh4 dxc4 10. Bxc4 b5
1925 Bern – Round 4 – Alekhine, Alexander – 1-0 – Michel, Walter – G7 1. d4 Nf6 2. c4 e6 3. Nc3 d5 4. Bg5 Nbd7 5. e3 Be7 6. Nf3 c6 7. Bd3 O-O 8. O-O a6 9. a4 h6 10. Bh4 dxc4
1925 Moscow – Round 1 – Gruenfeld, Ernst – 1/2-1/2 – Saemisch, Friedrich – G41 1. d4 Nf6 2. c4 e6 3. Nf3 d5 4. Nc3 c6 5. Bg5 Be7 6. e3 Nbd7 7. Bd3 O-O 8. O-O Re8 9. Rc1 dxc4 10. Bxc4 Nd5
1928 Dortmund – Round 2 – Johner, Paul – 1-0 – Colle, Edgar – G3 1. d4 Nf6 2. c4 e6 3. Nc3 d5 4. Bg5 Be7 5. e3 Nbd7 6. Nf3 O-O 7. Bd3 c6 8. O-O dxc4 9. Bxc4 Nd5 10. Ne4 f6
1929 Odessa ch-URS – Round 4 – Botvinnik, Mikhail – 1-0 – Riumin, Nikolai – G22 1. d4 d5 2. c4 e6 3. Nf3 Nf6 4. Bg5 Be7 5. e3 Nbd7 6. Nc3 O-O 7. Bd3 c6 8. O-O a6 9. Qc2 h6 10. Bh4 dxc4
1931 Buenos Aires – Round 10 – Tartakower, Savielly – 1-0 – Ipata, Pedro – G56 1. Nf3 Nf6 2. d4 e6 3. c4 d5 4. Bg5 Be7 5. e3 Nbd7 6. Nc3 c6 7. Bd3 O-O 8. O-O Re8 9. Rc1 Qc7 10. Bxf6 Nxf6
1931 Moskou ch-URS – Round 1 – Botvinnik, Mikhail – 1-0 – Sorokin, Nikolay – G24 1. d4 d5 2. Nf3 Nf6 3. c4 e6 4. Nc3 Nbd7 5. Bg5 Be7 6. e3 O-O 7. Bd3 c6 8. O-O a6 9. a4 dxc4 10. Bxc4 c5
1931 Moskou ch-URS – Round 1 – Botvinnik, Mikhail – 1/2-1/2 – Bohatyrchuk, Fedir Parfenovych – G17 1. d4 d5 2. c4 e6 3. Nc3 Nf6 4. Nf3 c6 5. Bg5 Nbd7 6. e3 Be7 7. Bd3 O-O 8. O-O dxc4 9. Bxc4 Nd5 10. Bxe7 Qxe7
1931 Moskou ch-URS – Round 1 – Botvinnik, Mikhail – 1/2-1/2 – Lisitsin, Georgy – G47 1. d4 Nf6 2. c4 e6 3. Nc3 d5 4. Bg5 Nbd7 5. e3 c6 6. Nf3 Be7 7. Bd3 O-O 8. O-O dxc4 9. Bxc4 Nd5 10. Bxe7 Qxe7
1931 Trebitsch mem14 – Round 6 – Hoenlinger, Baldur – 1/2-1/2 – Steiner, Lajos – G21 1. d4 Nf6 2. Nf3 e6 3. c4 d5 4. Nc3 Nbd7 5. Bg5 c6 6. e3 Be7 7. Bd3 O-O 8. O-O dxc4 9. Bxc4 b5 10. Bd3 b4
1933 Folkestone Olympiad 5th – Round 13.20 – Voisin, Andreleon – 1-0 – Skalicka, Karel – G110 1. d4 d5 2. c4 c6 3. Nf3 Nf6 4. Nc3 e6 5. Bg5 Be7 6. e3 O-O 7. Bd3 Nbd7 8. O-O dxc4 9. Bxc4 Nd5 10. Bxe7 Qxe7
1933 Leningrad ch-URS – Round 1 – Kan, Ilya A – 0-1 – Sorokin, Nikolay – G3 1. c4 Nf6 2. Nc3 e6 3. Nf3 d5 4. d4 Nbd7 5. Bg5 c6 6. e3 Be7 7. Bd3 O-O 8. O-O a6 9. a4 dxc4 10. Bxc4 Nd5
1935 Buenos Aires – Round 1 – Villegas, Benito – 0-1 – Palau, Louis – G16 1. d4 Nf6 2. c4 e6 3. Nc3 d5 4. Bg5 Nbd7 5. e3 c6 6. Nf3 Be7 7. Bd3 O-O 8. O-O dxc4 9. Bxc4 b5 10. Bd3 a6
1935 Buenos Aires – Round 11 – Villegas, Benito – 0-1 – Palau, Luis – G80 1. d4 Nf6 2. c4 e6 3. Nc3 d5 4. Bg5 Nbd7 5. e3 c6 6. Nf3 Be7 7. Bd3 O-O 8. O-O dxc4 9. Bxc4 b5 10. Bd3 a6
1936 Bad Nauheim – Round 9 – Van den Bosch, Johannes – 1-0 – Vidmar, Milan Sr – G39 1. d4 Nf6 2. c4 e6 3. Nc3 d5 4. Bg5 Nbd7 5. Nf3 c6 6. e3 Be7 7. Bd3 O-O 8. O-O h6 9. Bh4 dxc4 10. Bxc4 b5
1937 Bad Saarow – Round 6 – Bogoljubow, Efim – 1-0 – Makarczyk, Kazimierz – G18 1. d4 d5 2. c4 e6 3. Nf3 c6 4. Nc3 Nf6 5. Bg5 Be7 6. e3 Nbd7 7. Bd3 O-O 8. O-O dxc4 9. Bxc4 Nd5 10. Ne4 e5
1937 Stockholm – Round 8 – Foltys, Jan – 0-1 – Szabo, Laszlo – G9 1. Nf3 d5 2. d4 Nf6 3. c4 e6 4. Nc3 c6 5. Bg5 Be7 6. e3 O-O 7. Bd3 Nbd7 8. O-O dxc4 9. Bxc4 Nd5 10. Bxe7 Qxe7
1938 Lodz – Round 1 – Frydman, Paulino – 0-1 – Gerstenfeld, Eduard – G38 1. d4 Nf6 2. c4 e6 3. Nc3 d5 4. Bg5 Nbd7 5. e3 Be7 6. Nf3 O-O 7. Bd3 c6 8. O-O dxc4 9. Bxc4 Nd5 10. Ne4 b6
1939 Buenos Aires Circulo – Round 1 – Frydman, Paulino – 1-0 – Palau, Luis – G22 1. d4 Nf6 2. c4 e6 3. Nc3 d5 4. Bg5 Nbd7 5. e3 Be7 6. Nf3 O-O 7. Bd3 c6 8. O-O a6 9. cxd5 cxd5 10. Ne5 Nxe5
1947 Vienna SCHLECHTER-mem – Round 10 – Szabo, Laszlo – 0-1 – Lokvenc, Josef – G22 1. d4 Nf6 2. c4 e6 3. Nc3 d5 4. Bg5 Nbd7 5. e3 c6 6. Nf3 Be7 7. Bd3 O-O 8. O-O dxc4 9. Bxc4 Nd5 10. Ne4 f6
1950 FRG Ch 01st – Round 17 – Schmidt, Paul – 1-0 – Lehmann, Heinz – G20 1. d4 d5 2. c4 e6 3. Nc3 Nf6 4. Bg5 c6 5. Nf3 Be7 6. e3 O-O 7. Bd3 Nbd7 8. O-O b6 9. cxd5 Nxd5 10. Bxe7 Qxe7
1951 Zonal Bad Pyrmont GER – Round 7 – Gligoric, Svetozar – 1/2-1/2 – Paoli, Enrico – G13 1. d4 d5 2. c4 e6 3. Nf3 Nf6 4. Bg5 Be7 5. Nc3 O-O 6. e3 c6 7. Bd3 Nbd7 8. O-O b6 9. Qe2 Bb7 10. Rad1 Re8
1952 JUG Ch – Round 19 – Gligorić, Svetozar – 1-0 – Bozic, Aleksandar – G115 1. d4 d5 2. Nf3 Nf6 3. c4 e6 4. Nc3 Nbd7 5. Bg5 c6 6. e3 Be7 7. Bd3 O-O 8. O-O dxc4 9. Bxc4 Nd5 10. Bxe7 Qxe7
1952 Rosario – Round ? – Garcia Vera, Romeo – 1-0 – Rodriguez, Adolfo Ivan – G11 1. d4 d5 2. c4 e6 3. Nc3 Nf6 4. Bg5 Be7 5. e3 Nbd7 6. Nf3 O-O 7. Bd3 c6 8. O-O dxc4 9. Bxc4 Nd5 10. Bxe7 Qxe7
1959 Argentina – Round 4 – Saadi, Julio – 1-0 – Fenoglio, Virgilio – G24 1. Nf3 d5 2. d4 e6 3. c4 Nd7 4. Nc3 Ngf6 5. Bg5 Be7 6. e3 O-O 7. Bd3 c6 8. O-O Re8 9. a3 dxc4 10. Bxc4 Nd5
1960 Leipzig olm fin-A – Round 10 – Bisguier, Arthur B – 1/2-1/2 – Fichtl, Jiri – G178 1. d4 Nf6 2. Nf3 d5 3. c4 e6 4. Nc3 Nbd7 5. Bg5 Be7 6. e3 O-O 7. Bd3 c6 8. O-O h6 9. Bh4 dxc4 10. Bxc4 b5
1961 Maroczy Memorial – Round ? – Korchnoi, Viktor – 1-0 – Simagin, Vladimir – G44 1. c4 e6 2. Nc3 Nf6 3. Nf3 d5 4. d4 Be7 5. Bg5 O-O 6. e3 Nbd7 7. Bd3 c6 8. O-O b6 9. cxd5 exd5 10. Rb1 Bb7
1963 Rubinstein Memorial – Round 10 – Padevsky, Nikola – 1/2-1/2 – Czerniak, Magdalena – G66 1. d4 Nf6 2. c4 e6 3. Nf3 d5 4. Nc3 c6 5. Bg5 Be7 6. e3 O-O 7. Bd3 Nbd7 8. O-O b6 9. cxd5 exd5 10. Rc1 Bb7
1963 UKR Ch – Round 14 – Shianovsky, Vladislav I – 1/2-1/2 – Nikolaevsky, Yuri V – G93 1. d4 d5 2. c4 e6 3. Nc3 Be7 4. Nf3 Nf6 5. Bg5 O-O 6. e3 Nbd7 7. Bd3 c6 8. cxd5 Nxd5 9. Bxe7 Qxe7 10. Nxd5 exd5
1966 US Open – Round 13 – Bisguier, Arthur B – 1/2-1/2 – McCormick, James – G81 1. d4 Nf6 2. Nf3 d5 3. c4 e6 4. Nc3 Nbd7 5. Bg5 Be7 6. e3 O-O 7. Bd3 c6 8. O-O h6 9. Bh4 a6 10. Rc1 dxc4
1967 Moscow – Round 1 – Zhukhovitsky, Samuel – 1/2-1/2 – Zhidkov, Valery S – G24 1. d4 d5 2. c4 e6 3. Nc3 Be7 4. Nf3 Nf6 5. Bg5 c6 6. e3 Nbd7 7. Bd3 O-O 8. O-O a6 9. cxd5 exd5 10. Qc2 Re8
1967 Skopje – Round 1 – Popov, Luben – 1/2-1/2 – ? – G7 1. d4 Nf6 2. c4 e6 3. Nf3 d5 4. Nc3 Be7 5. Bg5 O-O 6. e3 Nbd7 7. Bd3 c6 8. O-O dxc4 9. Bxc4 Nd5 10. Bxe7 Qxe7
40. Olympiad Open 2012 – Round 7.7 – Onischuk, Alexanderexander – 1-0 – Esen, Baris – G431 1. d4 d5 2. c4 c6 3. Nc3 Nf6 4. Nf3 e6 5. Bg5 Nbd7 6. e3 Be7 7. Bd3 O-O 8. O-O b6 9. Qe2 Bb7 10. Rfd1 dxc4
6. World Blitz 2010 – Round 9.9 – Gelfand, Boris – 1-0 – Grachev, Boris – G59 1. d4 d5 2. c4 c6 3. Nf3 Nf6 4. Nc3 e6 5. Bg5 Nbd7 6. e3 Be7 7. Bd3 O-O 8. O-O h6 9. Bh4 b6 10. Qe2 Bb7
Lindores Abbey Tal Memorial 2021 – Round 8.32 – Cheparinov, Ivan – 0-1 – Morovic Fernandez, Ivan – G364 1. d4 d5 2. c4 c6 3. Nf3 Nf6 4. Nc3 e6 5. Bg5 Nbd7 6. e3 Be7 7. Bd3 O-O 8. O-O dxc4 9. Bxc4 Nd5 10. Bxe7 Qxe7
Novi Sad olm 1990 – Round 3 – Agdestein, Simen – 1-0 – Wahjuwidajat, Utut Adianto – G20 1. d4 Nf6 2. c4 e6 3. Nc3 d5 4. Bg5 Nbd7 5. e3 c6 6. Nf3 Be7 7. Bd3 O-O 8. O-O h6 9. Bh4 dxc4 10. Bxc4 Nd5
Olympiad 2002 – Round 10 – Winants, Luc – 0-1 – Bruzon Batista, Lazaro – G320 1. d4 d5 2. c4 e6 3. Nc3 Nf6 4. Bg5 c6 5. e3 Nbd7 6. Bd3 Be7 7. Nf3 O-O 8. O-O h6 9. Bh4 dxc4 10. Bxc4 a6
Tal Memorial Blitz 2008 – Round 29 – Grischuk, Alexander – 1-0 – Grachev, Boris – G238 1. d4 d5 2. c4 c6 3. Nf3 Nf6 4. Nc3 e6 5. Bg5 Nbd7 6. e3 Be7 7. Bd3 O-O 8. O-O dxc4 9. Bxc4 Nd5 10. Bxe7 Qxe7

D60f — Orthodox Botvinnik

1.d4 d5 2.c4 e6 3.Nc3 Nf6 4.Bg5 Be7 5.e3 O-O 6.Nf3 Nbd7 7.Bd3 c6

Eval: [+0.25]

Les coups candidats

8.O-O — 82.5% (3066 parties)

Ambassadeurs : Botvinnik, Mikhail (7x), Pillsbury, Harry (5x), Alekhine, Alexander (5x), Gruenfeld, Ernst (5x), Gajdosik, Andrej (5x), Semmelroth, Heinz-Dieter (5x), Cirulis, Ilmars (5x), Showalter, Jackson (4x)

8.cxd5 — 5.3% (198 parties)

Ambassadeurs : Blumin, Boris (2x), Weber, Karlheinz (2x), Opocensky, Karel (1x), Grob, Henry (1x), Marshall Viele, Fabrizio Aaron (1x), Janowski, Dawid (1x), Cradock C (1x), Opsahl, Haakon (1x)

8.Qc2 — 5.1% (188 parties) →

Ambassadeurs : Alekhine, Alexander (2x), Gerold, V (1x), Spielmann, Rudolf (1x), Kopriva, Ivo (1x), Schwartzman, Alejandro (1x), Pleci, Isaias (1x), Cabrera Salvatierra, Diego Ezequiel (1x), Kostic, Boris (1x)

8.Rc1 — 4.6% (172 parties) →

Ambassadeurs : Kitich, Zeljko (2x), Wagner, Heinrich (1x), Makarczyk, Kazimierz (1x), Forgacs, Leo (1x), Nimzowitsch, Aron (1x), Ragozin, Viacheslav (1x), Zagoriansky, Evgeny (1x), Staldi, Cherubino (1x)

Analyse statistique des coups candidats

Répartition par niveau Elo (% des parties)

Tranche Elo	N parties	8.O-O	8.cxd5	8.Qc2	8.Rc1
<1800	274	82%	4%	7%	4%
1800-2200	1559	84%	6%	4%	4%
2200-2600	581	87%	6%	2%	4%
2600+	12	100%	—	—	—

Évolution par décennie (% des parties)

Décennie	N parties	8.O-O	8.cxd5	8.Qc2	8.Rc1
1890s	4	100%	—	—	—
1900s	25	84%	4%	4%	4%
1910s	8	88%	—	—	—
1920s	23	87%	—	4%	9%
1930s	46	76%	7%	9%	9%
1940s	10	60%	—	30%	10%
1950s	11	82%	9%	—	9%
1960s	24	79%	12%	—	8%
1970s	38	71%	5%	3%	16%
1980s	116	83%	3%	4%	7%
1990s	711	84%	5%	5%	5%
2000s	1269	81%	5%	6%	5%
2010s	1250	83%	6%	5%	4%
2020s	183	84%	8%	3%	4%

Tendances récentes (2010s → 2020s)

Coup	2010s	2020s	Δ
8.O-O	83%	84%	+0.4%
8.cxd5	6%	8%	▲ +1.6%
8.Qc2	5%	3%	▼ -1.7%
8.Rc1	4%	4%	▲ +0.9%

Joueurs célèbres

Champions du monde dans cette position

Alekhine, Alexander — 8 parties
Botvinnik, Mikhail — 7 parties
Euwe, Max — 1 partie
Kramnik, Vladimir — 1 partie
Ju, Wenjun — 1 partie

Parties historiques

8.O-O — 82.5% (3066 parties)

1896 — Pillsbury, Harry vs Schallopp, Emil — 1-0 — Nuerenberg GER
1898 — Burn, Amos vs Showalter, Jackson — 0-1 — England
1899 — Sonnenschein, Maximilian vs Hawes, Jonathan — 1-0 — USA
1899 — Pillsbury, Harry vs Showalter, Jackson — 1/2-1/2 — London ENG
1900 — Pillsbury, Harry vs Showalter, Jackson — 1-0 — Munich GER

8.cxd5 — 5.3% (198 parties)

1905 — Marshall Viele, Fabrizio Aaron vs Janowski, Dawid — 0-1 — Paris FRA
1935 — Opocensky, Karel vs Grob, Henry — 1-0 — Bad Nauheim
1935 — Blumin, Boris vs Opsahl, Haakon — 1/2-1/2 — Montreal CAN
1936 — Blumin, Boris vs Cradock C — 1-0 — Toronto CAN
1955 — Estebaranz Sabata, Jordi vs Melzer, Jan — 1/2-1/2 — Prague CZE

8.Qc2 — 5.1% (188 parties)

1905 — Kostic, Boris vs Alapin, Simon — 1/2-1/2 — Barmen GER
1924 — Gerold, V vs Spielmann, Rudolf — 1-0 — sim Prague
1930 — Johansen, Sigvald vs Agersbak, S. — 1-0 — Copenhagen DEN
1936 — Schwartzman, Alejandro vs Pleci, Isaias — 1/2-1/2 — Mar del Plata ARG
1937 — Abinash Shaw vs Yanofsky, Daniel Abraham — 0-1 — Manitoba ch Winnipeg

8.Rc1 — 4.6% (172 parties)

1905 — Forgacs, Leo vs Nimzowitsch, Aron — 0-1 — Barmen GER
1927 — Wahltuch, Victor Leonard vs Colle, Edgar — 0-1 — Scarborough ENG
1928 — Wagner, Heinrich vs Makarczyk, Kazimierz — 1/2-1/2 — The Hague NED
1935 — Alekhine, Alexander vs Baldo Company, Jordi — 1/2-1/2 — Alicante ESP
1937 — Kluger, Gyula vs Boros, Sandor — 1/2-1/2 — Queen's Gambit

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