Structure de pions

	♔ Blancs	♚ Noirs
Pions doublés	—	—
Pions isolés	—	—
Arriérés	—	—
Chaînes	—	● d7→e6, f7→e6
Passés	—	—
Majorité	—	—

Cases

	♔ Blancs	♚ Noirs
Cases fortes	● b5 (2v0), ● e5 (2v0), ● g5 (2v0)	—
Cases faibles	—	—
Centre	● d4 (2v0), ● e5 (2v0)	—

Colonnes et diagonales

♔ Blancs

♚ Noirs

Pièces

	♔ Blancs	♚ Noirs
Bc1	● Bc1 Non développé (mob. 5)
Bf1	● Bf1 Non développé (mob. 0)
Bb4		● Bb4 Actif (mob. 7)
Bc8		● Bc8 Non développé (mob. 0)
Paire de fous	● Oui	● Oui
Clouages	● knight c3	—
Non développées	4 (● c1, ● f1, ● a1, ● h1)	4 (● b8, ● c8, ● a8, ● h8)

Sécurité du roi

	♔ Blancs	♚ Noirs
Statut	● Au centre	● Au centre
Droits de roque	O-O / O-O-O	O-O / O-O-O

Thèmes

	♔ Blancs	♚ Noirs
Phase	Ouverture
Centre	mobile
Ruptures	● d4-d5	● …c7-c5, ● …d7-d5, ● …e6-e5

E21a — Nimzo-Indian: Three Knights

1.d4 Nf6 2.c4 e6 3.Nc3 Bb4 4.Nf3 * ● Trait aux Noirs

Ouverture — Centre mobile

♔ Point de vue Blancs

8 7 6 5 4 3 2 1

abcdefgh

Plans. Bg5 (Fou actif (mobilité 7), Développer c1 — 30 % des parties) ; e3 (Libérer Bf1, préparer Bd3 — 24 % des parties) ; g3 (Préparer le fianchetto — 21 % des parties) ; Qc2 (Prépare O-O-O — 6 % des parties).

♚ Point de vue Noirs

1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8

hgfedcba

Plans. ...b6 (Préparer le fianchetto — 35 % des parties) ; ...c5 (Frapper le centre adverse — 29 % des parties) ; ...O-O (Mettre le roi en sécurité, connecter les tours — 19 % des parties) ; ...d5 (Occuper le centre — 10 % des parties).

Avantages

Faiblesses

Diagonale active

Plans

Partie
1920 Stockholm – Round 2 – Bogoljubow, Efim – 1-0 – Nimzowitsch, Aron – G6 1. d4 Nf6 2. c4 e6 3. Nf3 Bb4+ 4. Nc3 d6 5. g3 O-O 6. Bg2 c5 7. O-O Nc6 8. dxc5 Bxc3 9. bxc3 dxc5 10. Bf4 Qxd1
1922 Teplitz-Schoenau – Round 7 – Kostic, Barbara – 1/2-1/2 – Maroczy, Geza – G44 1. d4 Nf6 2. c4 e6 3. Nc3 Bb4 4. Nf3 Ne4 5. Qb3 c5 6. Nd2 Bxc3 7. bxc3 Nxd2 8. Bxd2 Qc7 9. e4 d6 10. Be2 e5
1926 Semmering – Round 1 – Gilg, Karl – 0-1 – Tarrasch, Siegbert – G30 1. d4 Nf6 2. c4 e6 3. Nc3 Bb4 4. Nf3 Ne4 5. Qd3 f5 6. g3 b6 7. Bg2 Bb7 8. O-O Nxc3 9. bxc3 Be4 10. Qd2 Be7
1929 Karlsbad – Round 1 – Matisons, Hermanis – 0-1 – Canal, Esteban – G47 1. d4 Nf6 2. c4 e6 3. Nc3 Bb4 4. Nf3 Ne4 5. Qc2 f5 6. e3 b6 7. Bd3 Bb7 8. O-O Bxc3 9. bxc3 O-O 10. Nd2 Qh4
1929 Ramsgate schev – Round 7 – Winter, William – 1-0 – Znosko-Borovsky, Eugene – G34 1. d4 Nf6 2. c4 e6 3. Nf3 Bb4+ 4. Nc3 Ne4 5. Qc2 f5 6. g3 b6 7. Bg2 Bb7 8. O-O Nxc3 9. bxc3 Be7 10. d5 O-O
1934 Bad Liebenwerda – Round 3 – Saemisch, Friedrich – 0-1 – Pitschak, Rudolf – G8 1. d4 Nf6 2. c4 e6 3. Nc3 Bb4 4. Nf3 Ne4 5. Qc2 f5 6. e3 b6 7. Bd3 Bb7 8. O-O Bxc3 9. bxc3 O-O 10. Nd2 Qh4
1935 Lodz IT – Round 6 – Tartakower, Savielly – 1/2-1/2 – Regedzinski, Teodor – G9 1. d4 Nf6 2. c4 e6 3. Nf3 Bb4+ 4. Nc3 Ne4 5. Qc2 f5 6. Bd2 Bxc3 7. Bxc3 Nxc3 8. bxc3 O-O 9. e4 d6 10. Bd3 Nc6
1936 Corr – Round 1 – Balogh, Janos – 1-0 – Keres Paul Petrovich – G8 1. d4 Nf6 2. c4 e6 3. Nc3 Bb4 4. Nf3 Ne4 5. Qc2 f5 6. g3 b6 7. Bg2 Bb7 8. Nd2 Bxc3 9. bxc3 Nd6 10. Bxb7 Nxb7
1937 Ostende – Round 2 – Keres, Paul – 1-0 – List, Paul – G12 1. d4 Nf6 2. c4 e6 3. Nc3 Bb4 4. Nf3 Ne4 5. Qc2 d5 6. e3 c5 7. Bd3 Qa5 8. O-O Bxc3 9. bxc3 Nf6 10. Rb1 Nbd7
1940 Moskou ch-URS – Round 1 – Botvinnik, Mikhail – 1/2-1/2 – Ragozin, Viacheslav – G30 1. d4 Nf6 2. c4 e6 3. Nc3 Bb4 4. Nf3 Qe7 5. Bg5 O-O 6. e3 d6 7. Nd2 h6 8. Bh4 Nbd7 9. Be2 g5 10. Bg3 e5
1945 Moscow Ch – Round 5 – Zhivtsov, A. – 0-1 – Ragozin, Viacheslav – G22 1. d4 Nf6 2. c4 e6 3. Nc3 Bb4 4. Nf3 d6 5. g3 O-O 6. Bg2 Nbd7 7. O-O e5 8. Bg5 Bxc3 9. bxc3 Re8 10. Rb1 Rb8
1946 Augsburg – Round 1 – Troger, Paul – 0-1 – Unzicker, Ferdinand, Dr. – G2 1. d4 Nf6 2. c4 e6 3. Nc3 Bb4 4. Nf3 Ne4 5. Qc2 f5 6. g4 b6 7. gxf5 exf5 8. Bg2 Nc6 9. d5 Na5 10. Bd2 Nxd2
1946 Nt Augsburg GER – Round 15 – Troeger, Paul – 0-1 – Unzicker, Wolfgang – G29 1. c4 Nf6 2. d4 e6 3. Nc3 Bb4 4. Nf3 Ne4 5. Qc2 f5 6. g4 b6 7. gxf5 exf5 8. Bg2 Nc6 9. d5 Na5 10. Bd2 Nxd2
1946 USA Ch New York, NY USA – Round 1 – Ulvestad, Olaf – 1-0 – Kowalski, Stefan – G15 1. d4 Nf6 2. c4 e6 3. Nc3 Bb4 4. Nf3 Ne4 5. Qd3 f5 6. Nd2 Nxc3 7. bxc3 Be7 8. g3 O-O 9. Bg2 d5 10. cxd5 exd5
1950 Candidats Playoff 1pl – Round 7 – Bronstein, David I – 1-0 – Boleslavsky, Isaac – G6 1. d4 Nf6 2. c4 e6 3. Nc3 Bb4 4. Nf3 d6 5. Qb3 a5 6. g3 Nc6 7. Bg2 Ne4 8. O-O Bxc3 9. bxc3 O-O 10. Ne1 f5
1950 Moskou ch-URS – Round 1 – Borisenko, Georgy K – 1/2-1/2 – Liublinsky, Victor – G33 1. d4 Nf6 2. c4 e6 3. Nc3 Bb4 4. Nf3 d6 5. Bg5 h6 6. Bh4 Bxc3+ 7. bxc3 Nbd7 8. Nd2 Qe7 9. e4 e5 10. Bd3 Nf8
1955 Moscow m – Round 8 – Kan, Ilya A – 1/2-1/2 – Khachaturov, Andrey Andreevich – G8 1. d4 Nf6 2. c4 e6 3. Nc3 Bb4 4. Nf3 d6 5. Bg5 Nbd7 6. Qc2 h6 7. Bxf6 Qxf6 8. O-O-O Bxc3 9. Qxc3 b6 10. g3 Bb7
1956 Leningrad ch-URS – Round 1 – Borisenko, Georgy K – 1/2-1/2 – Lisitsin, Georgy – G42 1. d4 Nf6 2. c4 e6 3. Nc3 Bb4 4. Nf3 d6 5. Qc2 Nbd7 6. Bd2 b6 7. e4 Bb7 8. Bd3 e5 9. O-O-O O-O 10. a3 Bxc3
1957 Dublin zt – Round 2 – O'Sullivan, Donal – 0-1 – Van Scheltinga, Theo – G9 1. d4 Nf6 2. c4 e6 3. Nc3 Bb4 4. Nf3 Nc6 5. Bg5 h6 6. Bxf6 Qxf6 7. e4 e5 8. d5 Nd4 9. Be2 Nxe2 10. Qxe2 Bxc3+
1962 Leningrad – Round 1 – Vladimirov, Boris T – 1-0 – Barstatis, Reinhardas – G8 1. d4 Nf6 2. c4 e6 3. Nc3 Bb4 4. Nf3 d6 5. Qc2 c5 6. e3 O-O 7. Be2 Nc6 8. O-O e5 9. dxe5 dxe5 10. Rd1 Bd7
1964 Ch URS, Kiev UKR – Round 16 – Borisenko, Georgy K – 1-0 – Goldenov, Boris P – G9 1. d4 e6 2. c4 Bb4+ 3. Nc3 Nf6 4. Nf3 Qe7 5. Qc2 O-O 6. Bg5 d6 7. e3 Re8 8. Nd2 Nbd7 9. Bd3 h6 10. Bh4 b6
1964 Moscow Ch – Round ? – Yudovich, Mikhail M – 1-0 – Bebchuk, Evgeni – G20 1. c4 Nf6 2. Nc3 e6 3. d4 Bb4 4. Nf3 Ne4 5. Qc2 f5 6. e3 O-O 7. Bd3 b6 8. O-O Bxc3 9. bxc3 Ba6 10. a4 Nc6
1964 Moscow zt – Round 1 – Spassky, Boris Vasily – 1/2-1/2 – Bronstein, David I – G1 1. d4 Nf6 2. c4 e6 3. Nc3 Bb4 4. Nf3 d6 5. e3 Nbd7 6. Bd2 b6 7. Bd3 Bb7 8. Qc2 e5 9. e4 O-O 10. O-O Re8
1965 Aalborg – Round 1 – Holm, Sejer – 1-0 – Haahr, Thorkild – G18 1. d4 Nf6 2. c4 e6 3. Nc3 Bb4 4. Nf3 d6 5. Bg5 Bd7 6. e3 Nc6 7. Qc2 Qe7 8. Be2 O-O-O 9. a3 Bxc3+ 10. Qxc3 h6
42. Olympiad 2016 – Round 4.23 – Bluebaum, Matthias – 1-0 – Roiz, Michael – G277 1. d4 Nf6 2. c4 e6 3. Nc3 Bb4 4. Nf3 d6 5. Qc2 Nbd7 6. Bd2 b6 7. e4 Bb7 8. Bd3 e5 9. a3 Bxc3 10. Bxc3 O-O
42. Olympiad 2016 – Round 6.22 – Edouard, Romain – 1-0 – Sosa Trani, Luis A. – G421 1. d4 Nf6 2. c4 e6 3. Nc3 Bb4 4. Nf3 Ne4 5. Qc2 f5 6. g3 O-O 7. Bg2 d5 8. O-O c6 9. Ne5 Nd7 10. Nd3 Bd6
Corus A 2007 – Round 2 – Aronian, Levon – 1-0 – Ponomariov, Ruslan – G7 1. d4 Nf6 2. c4 e6 3. Nc3 Bb4 4. Nf3 d6 5. Qc2 Nbd7 6. g3 c5 7. Bg2 O-O 8. O-O a6 9. Rd1 cxd4 10. Nxd4 Qc7
Makedonia Palace GP 2013 – Round 1.1 – Topalov, Veselin – 1/2-1/2 – Grischuk, Alexander – G1 1. d4 Nf6 2. c4 e6 3. Nc3 Bb4 4. Nf3 d6 5. Qc2 Nbd7 6. g3 b6 7. Bg2 Bb7 8. O-O O-O 9. Rd1 a6 10. a3 Bxc3
Tal Memorial Blitz 2008 – Round 23 – Grischuk, Alexander – 0-1 – Ivanchuk, Vasyl – G194 1. Nf3 Nf6 2. c4 e6 3. Nc3 Bb4 4. d4 d6 5. Qc2 Nbd7 6. g3 e5 7. Bg2 O-O 8. O-O Bxc3 9. Qxc3 e4 10. Ng5 Re8
World Championship 32th-KK2 1985 – Round 19 – Kasparov, Garry – 1-0 – Karpov, Anatoly – G9 1. d4 Nf6 2. c4 e6 3. Nc3 Bb4 4. Nf3 Ne4 5. Qc2 f5 6. g3 Nc6 7. Bg2 O-O 8. O-O Bxc3 9. bxc3 Na5 10. c5 d6
World Rapid Final 2012 – Round 12 – Carlsen, Magnus – 0-1 – Ivanchuk, Vasyl – G89 1. d4 Nf6 2. c4 e6 3. Nc3 Bb4 4. Nf3 Ne4 5. Qc2 f5 6. g3 b6 7. Bg2 Bb7 8. Nd2 Bxc3 9. bxc3 Nd6 10. d5 Na6

E21a — Three Knights Variation (1920)

1.d4 Nf6 2.c4 e6 3.Nc3 Bb4 4.Nf3

Les coups candidats

4…b6 — 34.6% (6817 parties) →

Ambassadeurs : Barsov, Alexei (38x), Kolanek, Roman (28x), Bacrot, Etienne (25x), Campos Moreno, Javier B. (22x), Stocek, Jiri (22x), Borisenko, Georgy K (21x), Ubilava, Elizbar (19x), Babujian, Levon (19x)

4…c5 — 29.3% (5764 parties) →

Ambassadeurs : Borisenko, Georgy K (39x), Bakheet Farag (34x), Pinter, Jozsef (32x), Barsov, Alexei (32x), Bacrot, Etienne (30x), Ubilava, Elizbar (28x), Korchnoi, Viktor (26x), Karpov, Anatoly (25x)

4…O-O — 19.1% (3766 parties) →

Ambassadeurs : Habes, Jiri (15x), Mamedyarov, Shakhriyar (14x), Chatalbashev, Boris (13x), Ding, Liren (11x), Vetter, Udo (8x), Nakamura, Hikaru (8x), Borisenko, Georgy K (7x), Carlsen, Magnus (7x)

4…d5 — 10.0% (1978 parties) →

Ambassadeurs : Aleksandrov, Viktor A. (11x), Kolanek, Roman (10x), Dizdar, Goran (9x), Chatalbashev, Boris (9x), Xu, Yi (8x), Stocek, Jiri (7x), Batsiashvili, Nino (7x), Bakheet Farag (6x)

Analyse statistique des coups candidats

Répartition par niveau Elo (% des parties)

Tranche Elo	N parties	4…b6	4…c5	4…O-O	4…d5
<1800	1209	29%	22%	29%	10%
1800-2200	6135	35%	25%	22%	9%
2200-2600	8718	36%	33%	16%	10%
2600+	1041	37%	31%	13%	14%

Évolution par décennie (% des parties)

Décennie	N parties	4…b6	4…c5	4…O-O	4…d5
1950s	234	29%	38%	18%	7%
1960s	392	28%	41%	20%	7%
1970s	273	27%	49%	13%	4%
1980s	1296	32%	45%	11%	6%
1990s	2467	29%	41%	16%	6%
2000s	5191	34%	35%	16%	8%
2010s	7466	39%	23%	20%	12%
2020s	2378	32%	11%	31%	17%

Tendances récentes (2010s → 2020s)

Coup	2010s	2020s	Δ
4…b6	39%	32%	▼ -7.0%
4…c5	23%	11%	▼ -11.6%
4…O-O	20%	31%	▲ +11.1%
4…d5	12%	17%	▲ +5.0%

Joueurs célèbres

Champions du monde dans cette position

Tal, Mikhail — 10 parties
Karpov, Anatoly — 10 parties
Kasparov, Garry — 10 parties
Anand, Viswanathan — 10 parties
Kramnik, Vladimir — 10 parties
Carlsen, Magnus — 10 parties
Hou, Yifan — 10 parties
Ju, Wenjun — 10 parties
Ding, Liren — 10 parties
Gukesh D — 6 parties
Botvinnik, Mikhail — 4 parties
Smyslov, Vladimir — 1 partie

Parties historiques

4…b6 — 34.6% (6817 parties)

1950 — Barendregt, Johan vs Spanjaard, Eduard — 1/2-1/2 — Amsterdam ch-NED
1950 — Alexander, FFL. vs Golombek, Harry — 1-0 — Southsea
1950 — Hartleb, Glenn E vs Anderson, Frank Ross — 0-1 — USA vs Canada
1950 — Borisenko, Georgy K vs Smyslov, Vasily — 1-0 — Moskou ch-URS
1950 — Donner, Jan-Hein vs Golombek, Harry — 1-0 — Venice ITA

4…c5 — 29.3% (5764 parties)

1950 — Lastovicka, Jiri vs Pechan, Z. — 1/2-1/2 — Chocen
1950 — Winterton, Ken vs Bogoljubow, Efim — 0-1 — Southsea
1950 — Stahlberg, Gideon vs Donner, Jan-Hein — 1/2-1/2 — Amsterdam NED
1950 — Heemskerk, Fenny vs Chaude de Silans, Chantal — 0-1 — Moscow RUS
1951 — Pachman, Ludek vs Balanel, Ion — 1-0 — Marianske Lazne zt

4…O-O — 19.1% (3766 parties)

1950 — Kauder, Hartmut vs Pietzsch, Wolfgang — 1/2-1/2 — Soemmerda GER
1950 — Miguel, Nahuel vs Pirc, Vasja — 1-0 — Bled SLO
1950 — Bosch van Rosenthal, Edzard vs Pirc, Vasja — 0-1 — Dubrovnik CRO
1950 — Enevoldsen, Harald vs Mueller, Hans — 1-0 — Dubrovnik CRO
1950 — Gusev, Aleksandr vs Blagidze — 1-0 — Moscow RUS

4…d5 — 10.0% (1978 parties)

1950 — Bosch van Rosenthal, Edzard vs Rabar, Braslav — 0-1 — ?
1950 — Collet, Hugo vs Eken, Max — 1/2-1/2 — It Beverwijk NED
1951 — Niephaus, Walter vs Bogoljubow, Efim — 1-0 — Baden-Baden GER
1954 — Botvinnik, Mikhail vs Kan, Ilya A — 1-0 — Training
1955 — Kwilecki, Andrzej vs Szymanski, Andrzej — 1/2-1/2 — Wroclaw POL

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