Structure de pions

	♔ Blancs	♚ Noirs
Pions doublés	—	—
Pions isolés	● a2	—
Arriérés	—	—
Chaînes	● c3→d4	● f7→g6, h7→g6
Passés	—	—
Majorité	—	● aile dame 3v2

Cases

	♔ Blancs	♚ Noirs
Cases fortes	● d5 (2v1)	—
Cases faibles	—	—
Centre	● d5 (2v1)	—

Colonnes et diagonales

	♔ Blancs	♚ Noirs
Semi-ouvertes	● b	● d

Pièces

	♔ Blancs	♚ Noirs
Bc1	● Bc1 Non développé (mob. 7)
Bc4	● Bc4 Actif (mob. 9)
Bg7		● Bg7 Actif (mob. 5)
Bc8		● Bc8 Non développé (mob. 5)
Paire de fous	● Oui	● Oui
Non développées	4 (● g1, ● c1, ● a1, ● h1)	4 (● b8, ● c8, ● a8, ● h8)

Sécurité du roi

	♔ Blancs	♚ Noirs
Statut	● Au centre	● Au centre
Droits de roque	O-O / O-O-O	O-O / O-O-O

Thèmes

	♔ Blancs	♚ Noirs
Phase	Ouverture
Centre	mobile
Ruptures	—	● …c7-c5, ● …e7-e5, ● …f7-f5

D86a — Gruenfeld: Classical Exchange

1.d4 Nf6 2.c4 g6 3.Nc3 d5 4.cxd5 Nxd5 5.e4 Nxc3 6.bxc3 Bg7 7.Bc4 * ● Trait aux Noirs

Ouverture — Centre mobile

♔ Point de vue Blancs

8 7 6 5 4 3 2 1

abcdefgh

Plans. Ne2 (Développer g1 — 92 % des parties) ; Be3 (Fou actif (mobilité 5), Développer c1 — 7 % des parties).

♚ Point de vue Noirs

1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8

hgfedcba

Plans. ...c5 (Frapper le centre adverse — 70 % des parties) ; ...O-O (Mettre le roi en sécurité, connecter les tours — 29 % des parties).

Avantages

Faiblesses

Diagonale active

Plans

Partie
1953 DDR Ch 04th – Round 2 – Pakulla – 1/2-1/2 – Koch, Berthold – G2 1. d4 Nf6 2. c4 g6 3. Nc3 d5 4. cxd5 Nxd5 5. e4 Nxc3 6. bxc3 Bg7 7. Bc4 Nd7 8. Ne2 c5 9. Be3 O-O 10. O-O Qc7
1963 Asztalos Memorial 6th – Round 3 – Barczay, Laszlo – 1/2-1/2 – Bilek, Istvan – G6 1. d4 Nf6 2. c4 g6 3. Nc3 d5 4. cxd5 Nxd5 5. e4 Nxc3 6. bxc3 Bg7 7. Bc4 Qd7 8. Nf3 O-O 9. O-O b6 10. Qe2 Nc6
1966 La Habana olm prel – Round 6 – Cobo Arteaga, Eldis – 1/2-1/2 – Bilek, Istvan – G227 1. d4 Nf6 2. c4 g6 3. Nc3 d5 4. cxd5 Nxd5 5. e4 Nxc3 6. bxc3 Bg7 7. Bc4 Qd7 8. Nf3 O-O 9. O-O Nc6 10. Bf4 Na5
Buenos Aires 1980 – Round 1 – Timman, Jan H – 1-0 – Olafsson, Fridrik – G11 1. d4 Nf6 2. c4 g6 3. Nc3 d5 4. cxd5 Nxd5 5. e4 Nxc3 6. bxc3 Bg7 7. Bc4 Nc6 8. Ne2 Qd7 9. Bb5 O-O 10. d5 a6

D86a — Exchange Variation, Classical Variation (1953)

1.d4 Nf6 2.c4 g6 3.Nc3 d5 4.cxd5 Nxd5 5.e4 Nxc3 6.bxc3 Bg7 7.Bc4

Les coups candidats

7…c5 — 70.3% (15908 parties) →

Ambassadeurs : Lukacs, Peter (39x), Pribyl, Josef (39x), Schmidt, Wlodzimierz (38x), Herzog, Klaus (37x), Laghetti, Gaetano (32x), Lahdenmaki, Leo (30x), Knaak, Rainer (28x), Ylönen, Olli (27x)

7…O-O — 28.7% (6488 parties) →

Ambassadeurs : Tylecek, Drahomir (38x), Yandemirov, Valeri (34x), Bobel, Philippe (31x), Uhlmann, Wolfgang (29x), Knaak, Rainer (26x), Jansa, Vlastimil (24x), Pribyl, Josef (23x), Timman, Jan H (21x)

7…Nc6 — 0.4% (95 parties)

Ambassadeurs : Hort, Vlastimil (6x), Aegerter, Martin (5x), Pribyl, Josef (3x), Gulko, Boris (2x), Chow, Albert (2x), Casser, Aaron (2x), Chimanya Greenwell (1x), Fischer, Robert J (1x)

7…b6 — 0.3% (76 parties) →

Ambassadeurs : Jussupow, Artur (4x), Timman, Jan H (4x), Balashov, Yuri (3x), Perrenot, Pierre (2x), Simic, Radoslav K (2x), Szilagyi, Gyorgy Laszlo (2x), Jansa, Vlastimil (2x), Shishkin, Vadim (2x)

Analyse statistique des coups candidats

Répartition par niveau Elo (% des parties)

Tranche Elo	N parties	7…c5	7…O-O	7…Nc6	7…b6
<1800	1294	70%	29%	1%	0%
1800-2200	9368	72%	27%	0%	0%
2200-2600	7848	73%	25%	0%	0%
2600+	471	85%	14%	0%	1%

Évolution par décennie (% des parties)

Décennie	N parties	7…c5	7…O-O	7…Nc6	7…b6
1950s	172	28%	69%	1%	1%
1960s	336	40%	58%	1%	—
1970s	879	42%	54%	1%	3%
1980s	1670	59%	39%	1%	1%
1990s	3788	61%	38%	0%	0%
2000s	5785	68%	31%	1%	0%
2010s	7753	79%	20%	0%	0%
2020s	2252	86%	13%	0%	0%

Tendances récentes (2010s → 2020s)

Coup	2010s	2020s	Δ
7…c5	79%	86%	▲ +6.7%
7…O-O	20%	13%	▼ -6.7%
7…Nc6	0%	0%	-0.1%
7…b6	0%	0%	-0.0%

Joueurs célèbres

Champions du monde dans cette position

Karpov, Anatoly — 10 parties
Kasparov, Garry — 10 parties
Carlsen, Magnus — 10 parties
Kramnik, Vladimir — 9 parties
Anand, Viswanathan — 8 parties
Gukesh D — 7 parties
Botvinnik, Mikhail — 4 parties
Tal, Mikhail — 4 parties
Ding, Liren — 3 parties
Smyslov, Vladimir — 1 partie
Karpov, Aleksandr — 1 partie
Ju, Wenjun — 1 partie

Parties historiques

7…c5 — 70.3% (15908 parties)

1950 — Kieninger, Georg vs Machate, Gottlieb — 1/2-1/2 — FRG-ch Bad Pyrmont GER
1951 — Strehle, Ernst vs Nestler, Vincenzo — 1-0 — Venice ITA
1951 — Sherwin, James T vs Kashdan, Isaac — 0-1 — Forth Worth
1952 — Steiner, Herman vs Barde Pratham — 1/2-1/2 — Simultaneous exhibit
1952 — Zografakis, Aristidis vs Panagopoulos, Takis — 1-0 — ?

7…O-O — 28.7% (6488 parties)

1950 — Moiseev, Oleg vs Simagin, Vladimir — 0-1 — URS-ch sf Tula
1950 — Moiseev, Aleksandr vs Simagin, Vladimir — 0-1 — Tula RUS
1950 — Furman, Albert vs Dubinin, Peter — 1-0 — USSR
1951 — Simagin, Vladimir vs Kopaev, Nikolay A — 1-0 — URS-ch sf Lviv UKR
1951 — Alexander Tadala vs Simagin, Vladimir — 1-0 — Leningrad RUS

7…Nc6 — 0.4% (95 parties)

1956 — Hamman, Robert vs Lorber, Robert — 1-0 — Canoga Park, CA
1963 — Chimanya Greenwell vs Fischer, Robert J — 0-1 — Poughskeepsie
1965 — Mego, Joseph vs Lesinger, Sebastian — 1-0 — Santa Monica, CA USA
1971 — Molenbroek, Hans vs Porreca, Alessio — 0-1 — cr.
1972 — Zagorovsky, Mikhail Pavlovich vs Zagorovsky, Vladimir — 0-1 — 7th CC World Ch Final 7276

7…b6 — 0.3% (76 parties)

1954 — Sliwa, Bogdan vs Koskinen, Heikki — 1-0 — Praag zt
1957 — Toffano, Haroldo vs Costa, Stephane Jose — 1/2-1/2 — San Nicolas
1970 — Dietz, Gabriel vs Schmidt, Waldemar — 1-0 — cr.
1971 — Clarizza, Jorge Enrique vs Ranalli Torales, Jose — 1-0 — CADAP tem C-3-69 APA.V/120
1972 — Balashov, Yuri vs Ree, Hans — 1-0 — Wijk aan Zee NED

1953 DDR Ch 04th – Round 2 – Pakulla – 1/2-1/2 – Koch, Berthold – G2

1963 Asztalos Memorial 6th – Round 3 – Barczay, Laszlo – 1/2-1/2 – Bilek, Istvan – G6

1966 La Habana olm prel – Round 6 – Cobo Arteaga, Eldis – 1/2-1/2 – Bilek, Istvan – G227

Buenos Aires 1980 – Round 1 – Timman, Jan H – 1-0 – Olafsson, Fridrik – G11