Structure de pions

	♔ Blancs	♚ Noirs
Pions doublés	—	—
Pions isolés	● a2	—
Arriérés	—	—
Chaînes	● c3→d4	● f7→g6, h7→g6
Passés	—	—
Majorité	—	● aile dame 3v2

Cases

	♔ Blancs	♚ Noirs
Cases fortes	● d5 (2v1)	—
Cases faibles	—	—
Centre	● d5 (2v1)	● d4 (3v2)

Colonnes et diagonales

	♔ Blancs	♚ Noirs
Semi-ouvertes	● b	● d

Pièces

	♔ Blancs	♚ Noirs
Bc1	● Bc1 Non développé (mob. 7)
Bc4	● Bc4 Actif (mob. 9)
Bg7		● Bg7 Actif (mob. 5)
Bc8		● Bc8 Non développé (mob. 5)
Paire de fous	● Oui	● Oui
Non développées	4 (● g1, ● c1, ● a1, ● h1)	4 (● b8, ● c8, ● a8, ● h8)

Sécurité du roi

	♔ Blancs	♚ Noirs
Statut	● Au centre	● Au centre
Droits de roque	O-O / O-O-O	O-O / O-O-O

Thèmes

	♔ Blancs	♚ Noirs
Phase	Ouverture
Centre	mobile
Ruptures	—	● …e7-e5, ● …f7-f5

D86c — Gruenfeld: Classical Exchange, 7…c5

1.d4 Nf6 2.c4 g6 3.Nc3 d5 4.cxd5 Nxd5 5.e4 Nxc3 6.bxc3 Bg7 7.Bc4 c5 * ○ Trait aux Blancs

Ouverture — Centre mobile

♔ Point de vue Blancs

8 7 6 5 4 3 2 1

abcdefgh

Plans. Ne2 (Développer g1 — 93 % des parties) ; Be3 (Fou actif (mobilité 5), Développer c1 — 6 % des parties).

♚ Point de vue Noirs

1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8

hgfedcba

Plans. ...Nc6 (Développer b8 — 57 % des parties) ; ...O-O (Mettre le roi en sécurité, connecter les tours — 36 % des parties) ; ...cxd4 (Capture en d4, Occuper le centre — 5 % des parties).

Avantages

Faiblesses

Diagonale active

Plans

Partie
1931 Prague CSR – Round 12 – Lundin, Erik – 1/2-1/2 – Helling, Karl – G34 1. d4 Nf6 2. c4 g6 3. Nc3 d5 4. cxd5 Nxd5 5. e4 Nxc3 6. bxc3 Bg7 7. Bc4 c5 8. Ne2 Nc6 9. Be3 cxd4 10. cxd4 Qa5+
1947 Nt Lueneburg GER – Round 4 – Herrmann, Hans, Dr. – 1-0 – Heinicke, Herbert – G10 1. d4 Nf6 2. c4 g6 3. Nc3 d5 4. cxd5 Nxd5 5. e4 Nxc3 6. bxc3 c5 7. Bc4 Bg7 8. Ne2 cxd4 9. cxd4 Nc6 10. Be3 Qa5+
1948 CSR Ch – Round 15 – Olexa, Vilem – 0-1 – Sefc, Jan – G15 1. d4 Nf6 2. c4 g6 3. Nc3 d5 4. cxd5 Nxd5 5. e4 Nxc3 6. bxc3 c5 7. Bc4 Bg7 8. Ne2 Nc6 9. d5 Ne5 10. Bb5+ Bd7
1951 ITA-SUI – Round 2 – Strehle, Ernst – 1-0 – Nestler, Vincenzo – G6 1. d4 Nf6 2. c4 g6 3. Nc3 d5 4. cxd5 Nxd5 5. e4 Nxc3 6. bxc3 Bg7 7. Bc4 c5 8. Ne2 cxd4 9. cxd4 Nc6 10. Be3 Qa5+
1954 CSR Ch – Round 1.7 – Kozma, Julius – 1/2-1/2 – Dolezal, Jiri – G7 1. d4 Nf6 2. c4 g6 3. Nc3 d5 4. cxd5 Nxd5 5. e4 Nxc3 6. bxc3 c5 7. Bc4 Bg7 8. Ne2 cxd4 9. cxd4 O-O 10. Be3 Nc6
1956 ITA-ch18 Rovigo – Round 6 – Romani, Elio – 1/2-1/2 – Venni, Tito – G18 1. d4 Nf6 2. c4 g6 3. Nc3 d5 4. cxd5 Nxd5 5. e4 Nxc3 6. bxc3 c5 7. Bc4 Bg7 8. Ne2 Qc7 9. d5 O-O 10. O-O Nd7
1959 Riga – Round ? – Spassky, Boris V. – 1-0 – Witkowski, Wallace M – G81 1. d4 Nf6 2. c4 g6 3. Nc3 d5 4. cxd5 Nxd5 5. e4 Nxc3 6. bxc3 Bg7 7. Bc4 c5 8. Ne2 cxd4 9. cxd4 Nc6 10. Be3 b5
1959 UKR Ch – Round 11 – Shianovsky, Vladislav I – 1/2-1/2 – Pogrebissky, Iosif – G83 1. d4 Nf6 2. c4 g6 3. Nc3 d5 4. cxd5 Nxd5 5. e4 Nxc3 6. bxc3 Bg7 7. Bc4 c5 8. Ne2 cxd4 9. cxd4 Nc6 10. Be3 b5
1960 Asztalos Memorial 3rd – Round 9 – Damjanovic, Mato – 0-1 – Honfi, Karoly – G16 1. d4 Nf6 2. c4 g6 3. Nc3 d5 4. cxd5 Nxd5 5. e4 Nxc3 6. bxc3 Bg7 7. Bc4 c5 8. Ne2 Nc6 9. d5 Ne5 10. Bb5+ Bd7
1961 Rostov on Don – Round 11 – Tarasov, Vitaly – 1/2-1/2 – Ciric, Dragoljub M – G22 1. d4 Nf6 2. c4 g6 3. Nc3 d5 4. cxd5 Nxd5 5. e4 Nxc3 6. bxc3 c5 7. Bc4 Bg7 8. Ne2 cxd4 9. cxd4 Nc6 10. Be3 b5
1961 Zuerich – Round 3 – Larsen, Bent Ravn – 0-1 – Lombardy, William J – G13 1. d4 Nf6 2. c4 g6 3. Nc3 d5 4. cxd5 Nxd5 5. e4 Nxc3 6. bxc3 Bg7 7. Bc4 c5 8. Ne2 Nc6 9. Be3 cxd4 10. cxd4 Qa5+
1962 Corr Wch4 – Round 1 – Tolush, Alexander – 1/2-1/2 – Arlauskas, Romanas – G13 1. d4 Nf6 2. c4 g6 3. Nc3 d5 4. cxd5 Nxd5 5. e4 Nxc3 6. bxc3 Bg7 7. Bc4 c5 8. Ne2 Nc6 9. d5 Ne5 10. Bd3 Nxd3+
1962 Spartak Ch – Round 2 – Zaitsev, Alexander – 1/2-1/2 – Kotkov, Yuri M – G12 1. d4 Nf6 2. c4 g6 3. Nc3 d5 4. cxd5 Nxd5 5. e4 Nxc3 6. bxc3 c5 7. Bc4 Bg7 8. Be3 Nc6 9. Ne2 cxd4 10. cxd4 b5
1962 Stockholm Interzonal – Round 9 – Portisch, Lajos – 0-1 – German, Eugenio – G79 1. d4 Nf6 2. c4 g6 3. Nc3 d5 4. cxd5 Nxd5 5. e4 Nxc3 6. bxc3 Bg7 7. Bc4 c5 8. Ne2 Nd7 9. O-O Qc7 10. Bf4 e5
1964 Tel Aviv olm fin-B – Round 3 – Letelier Martner, Rene – 1/2-1/2 – Jimenez Zerquera, Eleazar – G27 1. c4 Nf6 2. Nc3 g6 3. d4 d5 4. cxd5 Nxd5 5. e4 Nxc3 6. bxc3 c5 7. Bc4 Bg7 8. Ne2 cxd4 9. cxd4 Nc6 10. Be3 b5
1965 Copenhagen – Round 4 – Nielsen, Jorgen – 0-1 – Honfi, K. – G44 1. d4 Nf6 2. c4 g6 3. Nc3 d5 4. cxd5 Nxd5 5. e4 Nxc3 6. bxc3 Bg7 7. Bc4 c5 8. Ne2 Nc6 9. Be3 cxd4 10. cxd4 Qa5+
1966 Budapest – Round 1 – Polgar, Istvan – 1/2-1/2 – Liptay, Laszlo Dr. – G12 1. d4 Nf6 2. c4 g6 3. Nc3 d5 4. cxd5 Nxd5 5. e4 Nxc3 6. bxc3 Bg7 7. Bc4 c5 8. Ne2 cxd4 9. cxd4 Nc6 10. Be3 Qa5+
1966 Budapest HUN – Round 13 – Balogh, Bela – 0-1 – Honfi, Karoly – G29 1. d4 Nf6 2. c4 g6 3. Nc3 d5 4. cxd5 Nxd5 5. e4 Nxc3 6. bxc3 Bg7 7. Bc4 c5 8. Ne2 Nc6 9. Be3 cxd4 10. cxd4 Qa5+
1966 Mar del Plata 27th – Round 9 – Rubinetti, Jorge – 1/2-1/2 – Emma, Jaime – G32 1. d4 Nf6 2. c4 g6 3. Nc3 d5 4. cxd5 Nxd5 5. e4 Nxc3 6. bxc3 c5 7. Bc4 Bg7 8. Ne2 Nc6 9. Be3 cxd4 10. cxd4 b5
1967 Capablanca Memorial – Round 2 – Pachman, Ludek – 1/2-1/2 – Jimenez Zerquera, Eleazar – G17 1. d4 Nf6 2. c4 g6 3. Nc3 d5 4. cxd5 Nxd5 5. e4 Nxc3 6. bxc3 Bg7 7. Bc4 c5 8. Ne2 cxd4 9. cxd4 Nc6 10. Be3 b5
1967 Leningrad – Round 1 – Udovcic, Mijo – 1/2-1/2 – Jimenez Zerquera, Eleazar – G20 1. d4 Nf6 2. c4 g6 3. Nc3 d5 4. cxd5 Nxd5 5. e4 Nxc3 6. bxc3 c5 7. Bc4 Bg7 8. Ne2 cxd4 9. cxd4 Nc6 10. Be3 b5
1967 Moscow – Round 1 – Najdorf, Miguel – 1/2-1/2 – Gheorghiu, Florin – G78 1. d4 Nf6 2. c4 g6 3. Nc3 d5 4. cxd5 Nxd5 5. e4 Nxc3 6. bxc3 Bg7 7. Bc4 c5 8. Ne2 Nc6 9. Be3 cxd4 10. cxd4 Qa5+
1967 Sofia – Round 1 – Gulko, Boris – 1-0 – Spiridonov, Nikola – G8 1. d4 Nf6 2. c4 g6 3. Nc3 d5 4. cxd5 Nxd5 5. e4 Nxc3 6. bxc3 Bg7 7. Bc4 c5 8. Ne2 cxd4 9. cxd4 Nc6 10. Be3 Qa5+
1968 Bristol ch-BCF – Round 10 – Haygarth, Michael J – 1/2-1/2 – Hartston, William R – G104 1. d4 Nf6 2. c4 g6 3. Nc3 d5 4. cxd5 Nxd5 5. e4 Nxc3 6. bxc3 Bg7 7. Bc4 c5 8. Be3 Qa5 9. Qd2 cxd4 10. cxd4 Qxd2+
1968 Prague U26 – Round 3 – Pribyl, Josef – 1/2-1/2 – Kupka, Slavoj – G11 1. c4 Nf6 2. Nc3 g6 3. d4 d5 4. cxd5 Nxd5 5. e4 Nxc3 6. bxc3 Bg7 7. Bc4 c5 8. Ne2 Nc6 9. Be3 cxd4 10. cxd4 b5
1969 Danmarksmesterskabet – Round 1 – Holm, Sejer – 1-0 – Jensen, Allan Astrup – G3 1. d4 Nf6 2. c4 g6 3. Nc3 d5 4. cxd5 Nxd5 5. e4 Nxc3 6. bxc3 Bg7 7. Bc4 c5 8. Ne2 Nc6 9. Be3 cxd4 10. cxd4 b5
1969 DDR Ch 18th – Round ? – Wehnert, Lutz – 1/2-1/2 – Malich, Burkhard, Dr. – G19 1. d4 Nf6 2. c4 g6 3. Nc3 d5 4. cxd5 Nxd5 5. e4 Nxc3 6. bxc3 Bg7 7. Bc4 c5 8. Ne2 Nc6 9. Be3 cxd4 10. cxd4 b5
1969 Monte Carlo – Round ? – Teschner, Rudolf – 1/2-1/2 – Smyslov, Vasily – G50 1. d4 Nf6 2. c4 g6 3. Nc3 d5 4. cxd5 Nxd5 5. e4 Nxc3 6. bxc3 Bg7 7. Bc4 c5 8. Ne2 Nd7 9. O-O Qc7 10. Bf4 e5
1969 Praia da Rocha zt – Round 1 – Durao, Joaquim – 1/2-1/2 – Cordovil, Joao – G8 1. d4 Nf6 2. c4 g6 3. Nc3 d5 4. cxd5 Nxd5 5. e4 Nxc3 6. bxc3 Bg7 7. Bc4 c5 8. Ne2 cxd4 9. cxd4 Nc6 10. Be3 b5
1975 URS Team Ch – Round 4 – Dydyshko, Viacheslav – 1/2-1/2 – Sideifzade, Fikret – G195 1. d4 Nf6 2. c4 g6 3. Nc3 d5 4. cxd5 Nxd5 5. e4 Nxc3 6. bxc3 Bg7 7. Bc4 c5 8. Ne2 Nc6 9. Be3 cxd4 10. cxd4 Qa5+
Corus A 2008 – Round 9 – Ivanchuk, Vasyl – 1/2-1/2 – Mamedyarov, Shakhriyar – G57 1. c4 Nf6 2. Nc3 d5 3. cxd5 Nxd5 4. d4 g6 5. e4 Nxc3 6. bxc3 Bg7 7. Bc4 c5 8. Ne2 Nc6 9. Be3 cxd4 10. cxd4 Qa5+
Dortmund 1998 – Round 2 – Kramnik, Vladimir – 1-0 – Svidler, Peter – G6 1. d4 Nf6 2. c4 g6 3. Nc3 d5 4. cxd5 Nxd5 5. e4 Nxc3 6. bxc3 Bg7 7. Bc4 c5 8. Ne2 Nc6 9. Be3 cxd4 10. cxd4 Qa5+
FIDE Grand Swiss 2025 – Round 6 – Bluebaum Matthias – 1/2-1/2 – Mishra Abhimanyu – G292 1. d4 Nf6 2. c4 g6 3. Nc3 d5 4. cxd5 Nxd5 5. e4 Nxc3 6. bxc3 Bg7 7. Bc4 c5 8. Ne2 Nc6 9. d5 Na5 10. Bd3 e6
FIDE World Cup 2019 – Round 7.3 – Yu, Yangyi – 1/2-1/2 – Vachier-Lagrave, Maxime – G423 1. d4 Nf6 2. c4 g6 3. Nc3 d5 4. cxd5 Nxd5 5. e4 Nxc3 6. bxc3 Bg7 7. Bc4 c5 8. Ne2 Nc6 9. d5 Na5 10. Bd3 O-O
Hoogovens 1998 – Round 8 – Piket, Jeroen – 1/2-1/2 – Polgar, Judit – G34 1. d4 Nf6 2. c4 g6 3. Nc3 d5 4. cxd5 Nxd5 5. e4 Nxc3 6. bxc3 Bg7 7. Bc4 c5 8. Ne2 Nc6 9. Be3 cxd4 10. cxd4 Qa5+
TCh-RUS 2005 – Round 10 – Sakaev, Konstantin – 1/2-1/2 – Najer, Evgeniy – G163 1. d4 Nf6 2. c4 g6 3. Nc3 d5 4. cxd5 Nxd5 5. e4 Nxc3 6. bxc3 Bg7 7. Bc4 c5 8. Ne2 Nc6 9. Be3 cxd4 10. cxd4 b5
World Blitz 2021 – Round 15.53 – Yuffa, Daniil – 1/2-1/2 – Paravyan, David – G904 1. d4 Nf6 2. c4 g6 3. Nc3 d5 4. cxd5 Nxd5 5. e4 Nxc3 6. bxc3 Bg7 7. Bc4 c5 8. Ne2 Nc6 9. Be3 cxd4 10. cxd4 Qa5+

D86c — Gruenfeld: Classical Exchange (1931)

1.d4 Nf6 2.c4 g6 3.Nc3 d5 4.cxd5 Nxd5 5.e4 Nxc3 6.bxc3 Bg7 7.Bc4 c5

Les coups candidats

8.Ne2 — 92.9% (16295 parties)

Ambassadeurs : Lukacs, Peter (42x), Schmidt, Wlodzimierz (39x), Pribyl, Josef (34x), Herzog, Klaus (34x), Laghetti, Gaetano (32x), Knaak, Rainer (29x), Lahdenmaki, Leo (29x), Ylönen, Olli (28x)

8.Be3 — 6.1% (1066 parties)

Ambassadeurs : Eeckhout, Jean-louis (6x), Benne, Horst (5x), Herzog, Klaus (4x), Charreteur, Fabrice (3x), Roitburd, Marina (3x), Huguet Reina, Carlos (3x), Gerndorf, Michael (2x), Weyerstrass, Ronald (2x)

8.Nf3 — 0.8% (132 parties)

Ambassadeurs : Bangiev, Alexander (2x), Shemagonov, Vladimir (2x), Zavodny, Zdenek (1x), Kalendovsky, Jan (1x), Chaikin, AD. (1x), Monkhouse, PE. (1x), MacDonald Ross, Stephen (1x), Wingfield, JN. (1x)

8.Qb3 — 0.1% (19 parties)

Ambassadeurs : Pota, Lajos (2x), Kluth, Carsten (1x), Lingnau, Carsten (1x), Butzerin, Jurg (1x), Cesareo, Fabio (1x), Rose, Robert L (1x), Abdelmoumen, Ahmed (1x), Horvath, Lajos (1x)

Analyse statistique des coups candidats

Répartition par niveau Elo (% des parties)

Tranche Elo	N parties	8.Ne2	8.Be3	8.Nf3	8.Qb3
<1800	989	88%	10%	1%	0%
1800-2200	7352	90%	8%	1%	0%
2200-2600	6098	97%	3%	0%	0%
2600+	418	100%	—	—	—

Évolution par décennie (% des parties)

Décennie	N parties	8.Ne2	8.Be3	8.Nf3	8.Qb3
1950s	159	99%	1%	1%	—
1960s	212	96%	2%	2%	—
1970s	553	95%	4%	0%	—
1980s	1159	96%	3%	1%	0%
1990s	2670	90%	9%	1%	0%
2000s	4328	90%	8%	1%	0%
2010s	6485	94%	5%	1%	0%
2020s	1979	97%	3%	0%	0%

Tendances récentes (2010s → 2020s)

Coup	2010s	2020s	Δ
8.Ne2	94%	97%	▲ +3.1%
8.Be3	5%	3%	▼ -2.7%
8.Nf3	1%	0%	-0.3%
8.Qb3	0%	0%	-0.0%

Joueurs célèbres

Champions du monde dans cette position

Kasparov, Garry — 10 parties
Carlsen, Magnus — 10 parties
Karpov, Anatoly — 8 parties
Gukesh D — 6 parties
Botvinnik, Mikhail — 5 parties
Anand, Viswanathan — 5 parties
Kramnik, Vladimir — 4 parties
Ding, Liren — 3 parties
Karpov, Aleksandr — 2 parties
Tal, Mikhail — 1 partie
Ju, Wenjun — 1 partie

Parties historiques

8.Ne2 — 92.9% (16295 parties)

1950 — Kieninger, Georg vs Machate, Gottlieb — 1/2-1/2 — FRG-ch Bad Pyrmont GER
1950 — Aguayo, Cesar vs Paoli, Enrico — 0-1 — Venice ITA
1950 — Krylov, Aleksandr vs Kozma, Edit — 1-0 — Presov SVK
1950 — Aguayo, Cesar vs Eugenio, Sarah De Oliveira — 1/2-1/2 — Venice ITA
1950 — Gligoric, Svetozar vs Skold, Kristian — 1-0 — Dubrovnik olm

8.Be3 — 6.1% (1066 parties)

1957 — Potter, Brian vs Vaitonis, Povilas — 0-1 — Vancouver
1962 — Zaitsev, Alexander vs Kotkov, Yuri M — 1/2-1/2 — Minsk BLR
1965 — Martin T D vs Potter, Albert John — 0-1 — GI-X Va. Closed
1968 — Haygarth, Michael J vs Hartston, William R — 1/2-1/2 — Bristol ch-BCF
1968 — Turiansky, M. vs Martz, William — 0-1 — Chicago, IL USA

8.Nf3 — 0.8% (132 parties)

1959 — Gavrikov, Viktor vs Estrin, Yakov — 0-1 — Tiumen
1963 — MacDonald Ross, Stephen vs Wingfield, JN. — 0-1 — Bath ENG
1964 — Holzmann, Licurgo vs Nobrega, Adaucto Wanderley — 0-1 — Sao Paulo BRA
1965 — Chaikin, AD. vs Monkhouse, PE. — 1-0 — Bognor Regis
1967 — Zavodny, Zdenek vs Kalendovsky, Jan — 0-1 — Brno CZE

8.Qb3 — 0.1% (19 parties)

1988 — Kluth, Carsten vs Lingnau, Carsten — 0-1 — Osnabruck
1993 — Butzerin, Jurg vs Cesareo, Fabio — 0-1 — Silvaplana open
2000 — Rose, Robert L vs Abdelmoumen, Ahmed — 0-1 — IECG
2001 — Joutsivuo, Timo vs Johansson, Jukka — 0-1 — Helsinki FIN
2001 — Hoffmann, Petra vs Selbach, Sascha — 0-1 — Kleve GER

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