Structure de pions

	♔ Blancs	♚ Noirs
Pions doublés	—	—
Pions isolés	—	—
Arriérés	—	● c6
Chaînes	● f2→e3, e3→d4	● a6→b5, c6→b5, f7→e6
Passés	—	—
Majorité	—	● aile dame 3v2

Cases

	♔ Blancs	♚ Noirs
Cases fortes	● e4 (2v1), ● e5 (2v1)	● d5 (3v1)
Cases faibles	—	—
Centre	● d4 (2v0), ● e4 (2v1), ● e5 (2v1)	● d5 (3v1)

Colonnes et diagonales

	♔ Blancs	♚ Noirs
Semi-ouvertes	● c	● d

Pièces

	♔ Blancs	♚ Noirs
Bc1	● Bc1 Non développé (mob. 1)
Bd3	● Bd3 Actif (mob. 10)
Bc8		● Bc8 Non développé (mob. 1)
Bf8		● Bf8 Non développé (mob. 5)
Paire de fous	● Oui	● Oui
Non développées	3 (● c1, ● a1, ● h1)	4 (● c8, ● f8, ● a8, ● h8)

Sécurité du roi

	♔ Blancs	♚ Noirs
Statut	● Au centre	● Au centre
Droits de roque	O-O / O-O-O	O-O / O-O-O

Thèmes

	♔ Blancs	♚ Noirs
Phase	Ouverture
Centre	mobile
Ruptures	● d4-d5	● …c6-c5, ● …e6-e5

D48a — Semi-Slav: Meran, 8…a6

1.d4 d5 2.c4 e6 3.Nc3 Nf6 4.Nf3 c6 5.e3 Nbd7 6.Bd3 dxc4 7.Bxc4 b5 8.Bd3 a6 * ○ Trait aux Blancs

Ouverture — Centre mobile

♔ Point de vue Blancs

8 7 6 5 4 3 2 1

abcdefgh

Plans. e4 (Occuper le centre — 64 % des parties) ; O-O (Mettre le roi en sécurité, connecter les tours — 24 % des parties) ; a4 (9 % des parties).

♚ Point de vue Noirs

1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8

hgfedcba

Plans. ...c5 (Frapper le centre adverse — 78 % des parties) ; ...Bb7 (Développer c8 — 12 % des parties) ; ...b4 (Expansion aile dame — 7 % des parties).

Avantages

Faiblesses

Diagonale active

Plans

Partie
1930 Gyor – Round 1 – Hoenlinger, Baldur – 0-1 – Kashdan, Isaac – G7 1. d4 Nf6 2. c4 e6 3. Nf3 d5 4. Nc3 c6 5. e3 Nbd7 6. Bd3 dxc4 7. Bxc4 b5 8. Bd3 a6 9. Ne4 c5 10. dxc5 Nxc5
1931 DSB-27.Kongress – Round ? – Rellstab, Ludwig Sr – 1-0 – Saemisch, Friedrich – G4 1. d4 d5 2. c4 c6 3. Nf3 Nf6 4. e3 e6 5. Nc3 Nbd7 6. Bd3 dxc4 7. Bxc4 b5 8. Bd3 a6 9. Ne4 Bb7 10. O-O Rc8
1947 American Zone Ch – Round ? – Jursevskis Miervaldis – 1/2-1/2 – Strazdins, Janis – G9 1. d4 d5 2. Nf3 Nf6 3. c4 e6 4. Nc3 Nbd7 5. e3 c6 6. Bd3 dxc4 7. Bxc4 b5 8. Bd3 a6 9. Ne4 Nxe4 10. Bxe4 Qb6
1947 Hanau – Round 7.12 – Jursevskis Miervaldis – 0-1 – Tautvaisas, Povilas – G4 1. d4 Nf6 2. c4 e6 3. Nc3 d5 4. e3 Nbd7 5. Nf3 c6 6. Bd3 dxc4 7. Bxc4 b5 8. Bd3 a6 9. Ne4 c5 10. dxc5 Nxc5
1956 ITA-ch18 Rovigo – Round 5 – Venni, Tito – 1/2-1/2 – Palmiotto, Fiorentino – G13 1. d4 d5 2. c4 e6 3. e3 Nf6 4. Nc3 c6 5. Nf3 Nbd7 6. Bd3 dxc4 7. Bxc4 b5 8. Bd3 a6 9. Qe2 c5 10. dxc5 Nxc5
1961 Rostov – Round 7 – Ujtelky, Maximilian – 1/2-1/2 – Ciric, Dragoljub M – G18 1. c4 e6 2. Nc3 d5 3. e3 Nf6 4. Nf3 c6 5. d4 Nbd7 6. Bd3 dxc4 7. Bxc4 b5 8. Bd3 a6 9. Ne4 c5 10. dxc5 Nxc5

D48a — Meran (1930)

1.d4 d5 2.c4 e6 3.Nc3 Nf6 4.Nf3 c6 5.e3 Nbd7 6.Bd3 dxc4 7.Bxc4 b5 8.Bd3 a6

Les coups candidats

9.e4 — 63.6% (5425 parties) →

Ambassadeurs : Korneev, Oleg (21x), Trifunovic, Petar (18x), Ciric, Dragoljub M (16x), Jovcic, Milan (16x), Torre, Eugenio (14x), Chekhov, Valery A (14x), Van der Wiel, John T.H. (14x), Donaldson, John (14x)

9.O-O — 24.5% (2088 parties) →

Ambassadeurs : Brunner, Robert (10x), Sabbatini, Giuseppe (10x), Niewold, Jaap (10x), Mayr, Franz (10x), Clancey, James (10x), Wojnar, Mariusz (5x), Sefc, Jan (4x), Pfleger, Helmut, Dr. (4x)

9.a4 — 9.1% (774 parties) →

Ambassadeurs : Tunik, Gennady (8x), Kroes, Friso (7x), Gavrijski, Dimitar (7x), Habes, Jiri (6x), Jovanic, Ognjen (5x), Malakhatko, Vadim (5x), Udovcic, Mijo (3x), Grivas, Efstratios (3x)

9.a3 — 1.2% (105 parties)

Ambassadeurs : Boreika, Vytautas (2x), Haetoenen Riku (1x), Sammalvuo, Tapani (1x), Okuma, Yutaka (1x), Biaba Alzir (1x), Buecker, K. (1x), Trabert, Bettina (1x), Hovingh (1x)

Analyse statistique des coups candidats

Répartition par niveau Elo (% des parties)

Tranche Elo	N parties	9.e4	9.O-O	9.a4	9.a3
<1800	512	45%	38%	10%	3%
1800-2200	3331	54%	34%	9%	2%
2200-2600	3127	74%	14%	11%	0%
2600+	149	87%	4%	9%	—

Évolution par décennie (% des parties)

Décennie	N parties	9.e4	9.O-O	9.a4	9.a3
1950s	167	76%	18%	5%	—
1960s	158	78%	14%	6%	—
1970s	146	84%	12%	5%	—
1980s	603	83%	10%	5%	1%
1990s	1468	72%	21%	4%	2%
2000s	2934	63%	25%	9%	1%
2010s	2681	53%	30%	13%	1%
2020s	378	57%	29%	11%	1%

Tendances récentes (2010s → 2020s)

Coup	2010s	2020s	Δ
9.e4	53%	57%	▲ +3.9%
9.O-O	30%	29%	▼ -1.1%
9.a4	13%	11%	▼ -1.9%
9.a3	1%	1%	-0.3%

Joueurs célèbres

Champions du monde dans cette position

Botvinnik, Mikhail — 10 parties
Karpov, Anatoly — 8 parties
Kramnik, Vladimir — 8 parties
Tal, Mikhail — 5 parties
Kasparov, Garry — 4 parties
Anand, Viswanathan — 4 parties
Gukesh D — 3 parties
Carlsen, Magnus — 2 parties
Ju, Wenjun — 2 parties
Ding, Liren — 2 parties
Hou, Yifan — 1 partie

Parties historiques

9.e4 — 63.6% (5425 parties)

1950 — Puc, Stojan vs Nilsson, Zandor — 1-0 — YUG-Sweden
1950 — Roehrich, E vs Schmid, Lothar — 1-0 — FRG-ch01 corr5052
1950 — Viaud, Adolphe vs ADAM ELAMAIREH — 1/2-1/2 — corr Wch1
1950 — Vajda, Arpad vs Szily, Jozsef — 1/2-1/2 — Budapest HUN
1950 — Trifunovic, Petar vs Gligoric, Sofija — 1/2-1/2 — Amsterdam NED

9.O-O — 24.5% (2088 parties)

1950 — Bely, Miklos vs Szily, Jozsef — 0-1 — Budapest HUN
1950 — Unzicker, Ferdinand, Dr. vs Siegel, Paul — 1-0 — FRG-ch Bad Pyrmont GER
1950 — Schifferdecker, Wilhelm vs Niephaus, Walter — 1-0 — FRG-ch Bad Pyrmont GER
1950 — Zografakis, Aristidis vs Sumar, Julio — 1-0 — Dubrovnik olm
1950 — Hunte, Hugo vs Platz, Hans — 0-1 — Soemmerda GER

9.a4 — 9.1% (774 parties)

1950 — Kipovski vs Spassky, Boris V. — 0-1 — Leningrad RUS
1951 — Stein, Georg vs Knothe, Karl — 1-0 — Schwerin GER
1951 — Sarosy, Zoltan L vs Kerns, Keith — 1/2-1/2 — Toronto CAN
1952 — Tarnowski, Alfred vs Makarczyk, Kazimierz — 0-1 — Katowice POL
1953 — Dubinin, Peter vs Polugaevsky, Lev — 0-1 — Saratov

9.a3 — 1.2% (105 parties)

1984 — Okuma, Yutaka vs Biaba Alzir — 0-1 — Curitiba
1987 — Hovingh vs Vaassen, Jack — 0-1 — corr Netherlands
1988 — Buecker, K. vs Trabert, Bettina — 0-1 — Oakham ENG
1989 — Haetoenen Riku vs Sammalvuo, Tapani — 1/2-1/2 — Helsinki FIN
1992 — Calvyn Shane Martinez vs Lugo, Beatriz — 0-1 — Copa Playa

1930 Gyor – Round 1 – Hoenlinger, Baldur – 0-1 – Kashdan, Isaac – G7

1931 DSB-27.Kongress – Round ? – Rellstab, Ludwig Sr – 1-0 – Saemisch, Friedrich – G4

1947 American Zone Ch – Round ? – Jursevskis Miervaldis – 1/2-1/2 – Strazdins, Janis – G9

1947 Hanau – Round 7.12 – Jursevskis Miervaldis – 0-1 – Tautvaisas, Povilas – G4

1956 ITA-ch18 Rovigo – Round 5 – Venni, Tito – 1/2-1/2 – Palmiotto, Fiorentino – G13

1961 Rostov – Round 7 – Ujtelky, Maximilian – 1/2-1/2 – Ciric, Dragoljub M – G18