D19a — Slav: Dutch, 8…O-O 9.Qe2

1.d4 d5 2.c4 c6 3.Nf3 Nf6 4.Nc3 dxc4 5.a4 Bf5 6.e3 e6 7.Bxc4 Bb4 8.O-O O-O 9.Qe2 * ● Trait aux Noirs

Ouverture — Centre semi-ouvert

♔ Point de vue Blancs

8 7 6 5 4 3 2 1

abcdefgh

Atouts. Les Blancs s'appuient sur une majorité de pions à l'centre (2 contre 1), la case forte e5, un fou actif en c4, la paire de fous et la colonne semi-ouverte c.

En contrepartie. Plusieurs pièces dorment encore (le fou c1 et la tour a1).

Plans. Bd2 (Développer Bc1) ; h3 (Empêcher ...Bg4) ; Tour sur colonne c.

♚ Point de vue Noirs

1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8

hgfedcba

Atouts. Les Noirs s'appuient sur une majorité de pions à l'aile_dame (3 contre 2), les cases fortes e4, g4 et d5, un avant-poste en d5, des fous actifs en b4 et f5, la paire de fous et la colonne semi-ouverte d.

Côté adverse. Le fou enfermé en c1.

En contrepartie. Plusieurs pièces dorment encore (le cavalier b8 et la tour a8).

Plans. ...Nbd7 (Développer Nb8) ; ...Bg4 (Clouer Nf3) ; ...c5 (Rupture) ; ...e5 (Rupture) ; Tour sur colonne d.

Avantages

Faiblesses adverses

Diagonale active

Plans

Structure de pions

	♔ Blancs	♚ Noirs
Pions doublés	—	—
Pions isolés	—	—
Arriérés	—	—
Chaînes	● f2→e3, e3→d4	● b7→c6, f7→e6
Passés	—	—
Majorité	● centre 2v1	● aile_dame 3v2

Cases

	♔ Blancs	♚ Noirs
Cases fortes	● e5 (2v0)	● e4 (2v1), ● g4 (2v0), ● d5 (4v2)
Cases faibles	—	—
Centre	● d4 (2v1), ● e5 (2v0)	● d5 (4v2), ● e4 (2v1)

Colonnes et diagonales

	♔ Blancs	♚ Noirs
Semi-ouvertes	● c	● d

Pièces

	♔ Blancs	♚ Noirs
Bc1	● Bc1 Non développé (mob. 1)
Bc4	● Bc4 Actif (mob. 7)
Bb4		● Bb4 Actif (mob. 6)
Bf5		● Bf5 Actif (mob. 7)
Paire de fous	● Oui	● Oui
Non développées	2 (c1, a1)	2 (b8, a8)

Sécurité du roi

	♔ Blancs	♚ Noirs
Statut	● Roqué	● Roqué
Droits de roque	—	—

Thèmes

	♔ Blancs	♚ Noirs
Phase	Ouverture
Centre	semi-ouvert
Ruptures	● d4-d5, ● e3-e4	● …c6-c5, ● …e6-e5

Partie
1934 Hastings3435 – Round 1 – Flohr, Salo – 1/2-1/2 – Lilienthal, Andor – G8 1. d4 d5 2. c4 c6 3. Nf3 Nf6 4. Nc3 dxc4 5. a4 Bf5 6. e3 e6 7. Bxc4 Bb4 8. O-O O-O 9. Qe2 c5 10. Rd1 Nc6
1934 Leningrad – Round 1 – Rabinovich, Ilya Mar – 1/2-1/2 – Kmoch, Hans – G19 1. d4 d5 2. c4 c6 3. Nf3 Nf6 4. Nc3 dxc4 5. a4 Bf5 6. e3 e6 7. Bxc4 Bb4 8. O-O O-O 9. Qe2 c5 10. Rd1 Nc6
1934 Leningrad ch-URS – Round 1 – Belavenets, Sergey – 1-0 – Veresov, Gavriil – G24 1. d4 d5 2. c4 c6 3. Nf3 Nf6 4. Nc3 dxc4 5. a4 Bf5 6. e3 e6 7. Bxc4 Bb4 8. O-O O-O 9. Qe2 c5 10. Rd1 Nc6
1935 Argentina – Round 10 – Grau, Roberto G – 1/2-1/2 – Piazzini, Luis – G10 1. d4 d5 2. c4 c6 3. Nf3 Nf6 4. Nc3 dxc4 5. a4 Bf5 6. e3 e6 7. Bxc4 Bb4 8. O-O O-O 9. Qe2 c5 10. Rd1 Nc6
1935 Argentina – Round 8 – Grau, Roberto G – 0-1 – Piazzini, Luis – G9 1. d4 d5 2. c4 dxc4 3. Nf3 Nf6 4. Nc3 c6 5. a4 Bf5 6. e3 e6 7. Bxc4 Bb4 8. O-O O-O 9. Qe2 c5 10. Rd1 Bxc3
1935 Bad Nauheim – Round 9 – Bogoljubow, Efim – 1/2-1/2 – Roedl, Ludwig – G35 1. d4 Nf6 2. Nf3 d5 3. c4 c6 4. Nc3 dxc4 5. a4 Bf5 6. e3 e6 7. Bxc4 Bb4 8. O-O O-O 9. Qe2 c5 10. Na2 Ba5
1935 Moscow – Round 9 – Chekhover, Vitaly – 0-1 – Rabinovich, Ilya Mar – G41 1. d4 d5 2. c4 c6 3. Nf3 Nf6 4. Nc3 dxc4 5. a4 Bf5 6. e3 e6 7. Bxc4 Bb4 8. O-O O-O 9. Qe2 c5 10. Rd1 Nc6
1935 Tatatovaros – Round 3 – Becker, Albert – 0-1 – Szabo, Laszlo – G16 1. d4 d5 2. Nf3 Nf6 3. c4 c6 4. Nc3 dxc4 5. a4 Bf5 6. e3 e6 7. Bxc4 Bb4 8. O-O O-O 9. Qe2 c5 10. Rd1 Qe7
1935 Tatatovaros – Round 9 – Znosko-Borovsky, Eugene – 1/2-1/2 – Havasi, Kornel – G47 1. d4 d5 2. Nf3 Nf6 3. c4 c6 4. Nc3 dxc4 5. a4 Bf5 6. e3 e6 7. Bxc4 Bb4 8. O-O O-O 9. Qe2 c5 10. Rd1 Nc6
1935 Warsaw ol – Round 1 – Alhuay Grau, Dominick Fabricio – 1-0 – Steiner, Laszlo – G2 1. d4 d5 2. c4 c6 3. Nf3 Nf6 4. Nc3 dxc4 5. a4 Bf5 6. e3 e6 7. Bxc4 Bb4 8. O-O O-O 9. Qe2 c5 10. Na2 Nc6
1935 Warsaw ol (Men) – Round 14 – Grau, Roberto G – 0-1 – Petrov, Vladimirs – G30 1. Nf3 d5 2. d4 Nf6 3. c4 c6 4. Nc3 dxc4 5. a4 Bf5 6. e3 e6 7. Bxc4 Bb4 8. O-O O-O 9. Qe2 c5 10. Rd1 Nc6
1936 Budapest – Round 1 – Glass, Eduard – 1-0 – Kluger, Gyula – G4 1. d4 d5 2. Nf3 Nf6 3. c4 c6 4. Nc3 dxc4 5. a4 Bf5 6. e3 e6 7. Bxc4 Bb4 8. O-O O-O 9. Qe2 c5 10. Na2 Nc6
1936 Budapest – Round 7 – Havasi, Kornel – 1-0 – Szigeti, Miklos – G24 1. d4 d5 2. c4 c6 3. Nf3 Nf6 4. Nc3 dxc4 5. a4 Bf5 6. e3 e6 7. Bxc4 Bb4 8. O-O O-O 9. Qe2 c5 10. Na2 Nc6
1936 Moskou – Round 1 – Ragozin, Viacheslav – 1-0 – Flohr, Salo – G4 1. d4 d5 2. Nf3 Nf6 3. c4 c6 4. Nc3 dxc4 5. a4 Bf5 6. e3 e6 7. Bxc4 Bb4 8. O-O O-O 9. Qe2 c5 10. Na2 Ba5
1936 Novi Sad – Round 11 – Frydman, Paulino – 0-1 – Konig, E. – G12 1. d4 d5 2. c4 c6 3. Nf3 Nf6 4. Nc3 dxc4 5. a4 Bf5 6. e3 e6 7. Bxc4 Bb4 8. O-O O-O 9. Qe2 c5 10. e4 Bg4
1938 FRA Ch – Round 8 – Bergraser, Volf – 1-0 – Gotti, Marco – G19 1. d4 d5 2. c4 c6 3. Nf3 Nf6 4. Nc3 dxc4 5. a4 Bf5 6. e3 e6 7. Bxc4 Bb4 8. O-O O-O 9. Qe2 c5 10. Na2 Nc6
1940 Buenos Aires – Round 1 – Guimard, Jean Louis – 0-1 – Alhuay Grau, Dominick Fabricio – G6 1. d4 d5 2. Nf3 Nf6 3. c4 c6 4. Nc3 dxc4 5. a4 Bf5 6. e3 e6 7. Bxc4 Bb4 8. O-O O-O 9. Qe2 c5 10. e4 Bg4
1950 Dubrovnik olm – Round 1 – Donner, Jan-Hein – 1/2-1/2 – Kramer, George – G5 1. d4 d5 2. c4 c6 3. Nc3 Nf6 4. Nf3 dxc4 5. a4 Bf5 6. e3 e6 7. Bxc4 Bb4 8. O-O O-O 9. Qe2 h6 10. e4 Bh7
1950 Dubrovnik olm – Round 9 – Vidmar, Marjeta – 1-0 – Kramer, Gerald – G135 1. Nf3 Nf6 2. d4 d5 3. c4 dxc4 4. Nc3 c6 5. a4 Bf5 6. e3 e6 7. Bxc4 Bb4 8. O-O O-O 9. Qe2 h6 10. Rd1 a5
1955 New York Rosenwald5455 – Round 8 – Evans, Larry M – 1-0 – Kramer, George – G18 1. d4 d5 2. Nf3 Nf6 3. c4 c6 4. Nc3 dxc4 5. a4 Bf5 6. e3 e6 7. Bxc4 Bb4 8. O-O O-O 9. Qe2 h6 10. Rd1 Ne4
1956 Moscow olm prel – Round 6 – Mahishkar, B. – 0-1 – Pfeiffer, Gerhard – G182 1. d4 Nf6 2. c4 c6 3. Nc3 d5 4. Nf3 dxc4 5. a4 Bf5 6. e3 e6 7. Bxc4 Bb4 8. O-O O-O 9. Qe2 h6 10. e4 Bh7
1958 Munich olm prel – Round 8 – Keller, Dieter – 1/2-1/2 – Trifunovic, Petar – G71 1. Nf3 d5 2. d4 Nf6 3. c4 c6 4. Nc3 dxc4 5. a4 Bf5 6. e3 e6 7. Bxc4 Bb4 8. O-O O-O 9. Qe2 c5 10. Na2 Nc6
1964 Belgrade – Round 15 – Flesch, János – 1/2-1/2 – Trifunovic, Petar – G104 1. c4 c6 2. Nf3 d5 3. d4 Nf6 4. Nc3 dxc4 5. a4 Bf5 6. e3 e6 7. Bxc4 Bb4 8. O-O O-O 9. Qe2 c5 10. Rd1 Nc6
1964 Belgrade – Round 3 – Gligorić, Svetozar – 1/2-1/2 – Trifunovic, Petar – G24 1. d4 d5 2. c4 c6 3. Nf3 Nf6 4. Nc3 dxc4 5. a4 Bf5 6. e3 e6 7. Bxc4 Bb4 8. O-O O-O 9. Qe2 c5 10. Na2 Nc6
1966 La Habana olm fin-A – Round 7 – Uhlmann, Wolfgang – 1-0 – Larsen, Benjamin Holsko – G120 1. d4 d5 2. c4 c6 3. Nf3 Nf6 4. Nc3 dxc4 5. a4 Bf5 6. e3 e6 7. Bxc4 Bb4 8. O-O O-O 9. Qe2 c5 10. Rd1 Qe7
1968 Weimar ch DDR – Round 17 – Brameyer, Hermann – 1/2-1/2 – Fuchs, Reinhart – G29 1. d4 Nf6 2. Nf3 d5 3. c4 c6 4. Nc3 dxc4 5. a4 Bf5 6. e3 e6 7. Bxc4 Bb4 8. O-O O-O 9. Qe2 c5 10. Na2 Nc6
1971 Hoogovens – Round 15 – Hort, Vlastimil – 0-1 – Mecking, Henrique – G107 1. d4 Nf6 2. Nf3 d5 3. c4 c6 4. Nc3 dxc4 5. a4 Bf5 6. e3 e6 7. Bxc4 Bb4 8. O-O O-O 9. Qe2 Bg4 10. h3 Bh5
1971 Hoogovens – Round 7 – Mecking, Henrique – 1-0 – Van den Berg, Cees – G43 1. d4 d5 2. c4 c6 3. Nf3 Nf6 4. Nc3 dxc4 5. a4 Bf5 6. e3 e6 7. Bxc4 Bb4 8. O-O O-O 9. Qe2 Bg4 10. h3 Bh5
1972 Skopje ol (Men) fin-A – Round 15 – Gligoric, Svetozar – 1-0 – Andersson, Ulf – G125 1. d4 Nf6 2. c4 c6 3. Nc3 d5 4. Nf3 dxc4 5. a4 Bf5 6. e3 e6 7. Bxc4 Bb4 8. O-O O-O 9. Qe2 Nbd7 10. e4 Bg6

D19a —

1.d4 d5 2.c4 c6 3.Nf3 Nf6 4.Nc3 dxc4 5.a4 Bf5 6.e3 e6 7.Bxc4 Bb4 8.O-O O-O 9.Qe2

Eval: [+0.24]

Les coups candidats

9…Nbd7 — 43.0% (2181 parties) →

Ambassadeurs : Dolgov, Igor (19x), Hermann, Manfred (11x), Velikov, Petar (9x), Uhlmann, Wolfgang (9x), Hajnal, Zoltan (9x), Abdulmanov, Eduard Nafikhovich (8x), Loureiro, Luiz Vasconcellos (7x), Smyslov, Vladimir (6x)

9…Bg6 — 27.9% (1415 parties) →

Ambassadeurs : Peralta, Fernando (11x), Felgaer, Ruben (8x), Haznedaroglu, Kivanc (8x), Ikonnikov, Vyacheslav (7x), Packroff, Hermann (7x), Van Wely, Loek (7x), Milov, Leonid (6x), Marez, Sebastien (6x)

9…Bg4 — 14.0% (709 parties) →

Ambassadeurs : Varga, Peter (14x), Hennings, Artur (11x), Euwe, Max (9x), Lopez Linares, Lizandro Fernando (9x), Yanofsky, Daniel Abraham (8x), Koczo, Kristof (8x), Tropf, Peter (8x), Svetushkin, Dmitry (8x)

9…Ne4 — 10.0% (505 parties) →

Ambassadeurs : Campora, Daniel H. (10x), Najdorf, Miguel (6x), Van Wely, Loek (6x), Formanek, Edward (5x), Lilienthal, Andor (4x), Oll, Lembit (4x), Bonin, Jay (4x), Capablanca, Jose (3x)

Analyse statistique des coups candidats

Répartition par niveau Elo (% des parties)

Tranche Elo	N parties	9…Nbd7	9…Bg6	9…Bg4	9…Ne4
<1800	92	61%	18%	9%	5%
1800-2200	1582	44%	29%	14%	7%
2200-2600	2272	41%	34%	12%	10%
2600+	118	32%	43%	5%	18%

Évolution par décennie (% des parties)

Décennie	N parties	9…Nbd7	9…Bg6	9…Bg4	9…Ne4
1930s	74	4%	—	22%	39%
1940s	84	5%	11%	61%	23%
1950s	124	44%	5%	35%	12%
1960s	78	49%	3%	31%	10%
1970s	101	51%	6%	26%	12%
1980s	182	69%	7%	9%	12%
1990s	685	44%	26%	12%	14%
2000s	1550	42%	35%	10%	10%
2010s	1835	46%	25%	15%	7%
2020s	355	28%	57%	4%	6%

Tendances récentes (2010s → 2020s)

Coup	2010s	2020s	Δ
9…Nbd7	46%	28%	▼ -18.9%
9…Bg6	25%	57%	▲ +31.7%
9…Bg4	15%	4%	▼ -11.8%
9…Ne4	7%	6%	▼ -0.7%

Joueurs célèbres

Champions du monde dans cette position

Smyslov, Vladimir — 10 parties
Euwe, Max — 10 parties
Alekhine, Alexander — 4 parties
Kramnik, Vladimir — 4 parties
Anand, Viswanathan — 4 parties
Kasparov, Garry — 3 parties
Botvinnik, Mikhail — 2 parties
Ju, Wenjun — 2 parties
Lasker, Emanuel — 1 partie
Capablanca, Jose Raul — 1 partie
Karpov, Aleksandr — 1 partie
Karpov, Anatoly — 1 partie
Carlsen, Magnus — 1 partie

Parties historiques

9…Nbd7 — 43.0% (2181 parties)

1930 — Denker, Arnold S vs Drasin, S. — 1-0 — USA
1932 — Steiner, Herman vs Dake, Arthur William — 1/2-1/2 — Pasadena, CA USA
1939 — Bogoljubow, Efim vs Eliskases, Erich — 1-0 — Berlijn m
1942 — Klaus, Georg vs Nuernberg, Friedrich — 1-0 — Bad Oeynhausen GER
1944 — Najdorf, Miguel vs Rossetto, Hector — 1-0 — Mar del Plata ARG

9…Bg6 — 27.9% (1415 parties)

1946 — Vidmar, Milan Jr vs Vukovic, Sava — 1/2-1/2 — Zagreb ch YUG
1946 — Kramer, Hanspeter vs Ekstrom, Folke — 0-1 — Zaanstreek
1948 — Book, Eero vs Stahlberg, Gideon — 0-1 — Stockholm SWE
1948 — Lilienthal, Andor vs Yanofsky, Daniel Abraham — 1-0 — Saltsjobaden SWE
1948 — Flohr, Salo vs Furman, Slavomir — 1-0 — Moskou ch-URS

9…Bg4 — 14.0% (709 parties)

1936 — Lilienthal, Andor vs Flohr, Salo — 1/2-1/2 — Moskou
1936 — Bogoljubow, Efim vs Euwe, Max — 1/2-1/2 — Nottingham ENG
1937 — Lilienthal, Andor vs Enevoldsen, Jens — 1-0 — 7th Olympiad
1937 — Lilienthal, Georg vs Enevoldsen, Mathias Wittrup — 1-0 — Stockholm SWE
1937 — Castaldi, Vincenzo vs Euwe, Max — 0-1 — Stockholm SWE

9…Ne4 — 10.0% (505 parties)

1932 — Menchik, Vera vs Damant, C.A.S — 0-1 — London BCF Major op
1934 — Vidmar Milan vs Sterk, Karoly — 1/2-1/2 — Ujpest
1934 — Havasi, Kornel vs Lilienthal, Andor — 0-1 — Ujpest
1935 — Lilienthal, Andor vs Levenfish, Grigory — 1/2-1/2 — Moskou
1935 — Mikenas, Vladas vs Steiner, Lajos — 0-1 — Warsaw POL

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