C98g — Spanish: Closed, Chigorin, 12…Nc6 13.d5 Nd8

1.e4 e5 2.Nf3 Nc6 3.Bb5 a6 4.Ba4 Nf6 5.O-O Be7 6.Re1 b5 7.Bb3 O-O 8.c3 d6 9.h3 Na5 10.Bc2 c5 11.d4 Qc7 12.Nbd2 Nc6 13.d5 Nd8 * ○ Trait aux Blancs

Ouverture — Centre fermé

♔ Point de vue Blancs

8 7 6 5 4 3 2 1

abcdefgh

Avantages : case forte e4, Bc2 actif, paire de fous.
Faiblesses adverses : arriéré d6, Be7 enfermé, Bc8 enfermé.
Problèmes : Bc1 enfermé.
Plans :
● Bg5 — Clouer Nf6

♚ Point de vue Noirs

1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8

hgfedcba

Avantages : case forte c5, paire de fous.
Faiblesses adverses : Bc1 enfermé, Bc2 mauvais fou.
Problèmes : Be7 enfermé, Bc8 enfermé, arriéré d6.
Plans :
● ...Bg4 — Développer Bc8, clouer Nf3
● ...c4 — Rupture

Avantages

Faiblesses adverses

Diagonale active

Plans

Structure de pions

C98g — Closed Chigorin

1.e4 e5 2.Nf3 Nc6 3.Bb5 a6 4.Ba4 Nf6 5.O-O Be7 6.Re1 b5 7.Bb3 O-O 8.c3 d6 9.h3 Na5 10.Bc2 c5 11.d4 Qc7 12.Nbd2 Nc6 13.d5 Nd8

Eval: [+0.95]

Les coups candidats

14.a4 — 62.6% (800 parties) →

Ambassadeurs : Zielinski, Sergej (20x), Rubil, Marko (13x), Grotnes, Nils Ragnar (12x), Evans, Gordon R Dr (7x), Tuma, Jiri (7x), Kovachev, Daniel Jakobsen (7x), Skalický, Frantisek (7x), Hernandez Onna, Roman (6x)

14.Nf1 — 32.3% (413 parties) →

Ambassadeurs : Shaw, Terrey I (6x), Botvinnik, Mikhail (5x), Koubek, Vaclav (5x), Benschop, Anne Marie (4x), Zigo, Viktor (4x), Steenkamp, Johan J. (4x), Tuma, Jakub (4x), Van Weersel, Arlette (4x)

14.b3 — 3.3% (42 parties)

Ambassadeurs : Kapengut, Albert (1x), Kholmov, Ratmir D (1x), Maedler, Manfred (1x), Goldberg, Adam W (1x), Konikowski, Jerzy (1x), Schmittdiel, Eckhard (1x), Askarian, L. (1x), Caturian, V. (1x)

14.c4 — 1.3% (16 parties)

Ambassadeurs : Borges Matos, Juan (3x), Haag, Ervin (2x), Suechting, Hugo (1x), Salwe, Georg H S (1x), Knezevic, Milorad (1x), ? (1x), Book, Eero (1x), Haag Vetter, Michael Harry (1x)

Analyse statistique des coups candidats

Répartition par niveau Elo (% des parties)

Tranche Elo	N parties	14.a4	14.Nf1	14.b3	14.c4
<1800	20	50%	45%	5%	—
1800-2200	378	60%	36%	4%	1%
2200-2600	516	70%	25%	3%	1%
2600+	10	80%	20%	—	—

Évolution par décennie (% des parties)

Décennie	N parties	14.a4	14.Nf1	14.b3	14.c4
1900s	7	14%	71%	—	14%
1910s	5	—	100%	—	—
1920s	27	33%	67%	—	—
1930s	17	53%	47%	—	—
1940s	16	31%	69%	—	—
1950s	17	47%	53%	—	—
1960s	36	22%	53%	6%	14%
1970s	78	64%	29%	4%	3%
1980s	72	72%	26%	1%	—
1990s	148	59%	36%	3%	2%
2000s	415	66%	30%	3%	—
2010s	398	67%	27%	4%	1%
2020s	42	71%	21%	5%	2%

Tendances récentes (2010s → 2020s)

Coup	2010s	2020s	Δ
14.a4	67%	71%	▲ +4.3%
14.Nf1	27%	21%	▼ -5.5%
14.b3	4%	5%	▲ +0.7%
14.c4	1%	2%	▲ +1.4%

Joueurs célèbres

Champions du monde dans cette position

Botvinnik, Mikhail — 5 parties
Karpov, Anatoly — 4 parties
Euwe, Max — 1 partie
Karpov, Aleksandr — 1 partie
Carlsen, Magnus — 1 partie

Parties historiques

14.a4 — 62.6% (800 parties)

1908 — Von Bardeleben, Curt vs Spielmann, Rudolf — 0-1 — Duesseldorf GER
1924 — Blake, Joseph vs Mackenzie, Arthur J — 1-0 — Weston-super-Mare
1925 — Bogoljubow, Efim vs Rubinstein, Akiba — 1/2-1/2 — Breslau GER
1925 — Bogoljubow, Efim vs Rubinstein, Akiba — 1/2-1/2 — Baden-Baden GER
1926 — Bogoljubow, Efim vs Rubinstein, Akiba — 1/2-1/2 — Berlin GER

14.Nf1 — 32.3% (413 parties)

1907 — Bernstein, Ossip vs Rubinstein, Akiba — 1/2-1/2 — Ostende
1907 — Alapin, Simon vs Rubinstein, Akiba — 1/2-1/2 — Lodz POL
1908 — Treybal, Frantisek vs Rabinovich, Alexander — 0-1 — Prague CZE
1908 — Fandrich, HMarcoG vs Rubinstein, AkibaSalweG — 1-0 — ?
1909 — Ros, Johan August vs Ahlberg, Algot — 0-1 — Goteborg SWE

14.b3 — 3.3% (42 parties)

1968 — Maedler, Manfred vs Goldberg, Adam W — 1-0 — corr Eberhardt-Wilhelm
1969 — Kapengut, Albert vs Kholmov, Ratmir D — 1-0 — Ch URS team Grozny RUS
1972 — Porkka, Jukka vs Pynnonen, Reijo — 1-0 — ?
1978 — Mueller, Gerhard vs Brandenburg, J — 0-1 — DDR-chT4 corr
1979 — Askarian, L. vs Caturian, V. — 1/2-1/2 — USSR

14.c4 — 1.3% (16 parties)

1907 — Suechting, Hugo vs Salwe, Georg H S — 1/2-1/2 — Ostende II
1967 — Knezevic, Milorad vs ? — 1/2-1/2 — Kraljevo
1969 — Haag, Ervin vs Book, Eero — 1-0 — Tallinn EST
1969 — Haag Vetter, Michael Harry vs Cholmow — 1/2-1/2 — ?
1969 — Haag, Ervin vs Kholmov, Ratmir D — 1/2-1/2 — Tbilisi GEO

	♔ Blancs	♚ Noirs
Pions doublés	—	—
Pions isolés	—	—
Arriérés	—	● d6
Chaînes	● b2→c3, g2→h3, e4→d5	● a6→b5, d6→c5, d6→e5
Passés	—	—
Majorité	—	—

Cases

	♔ Blancs	♚ Noirs
Cases fortes	● e4 (3v1)	● c5 (2v0)
Cases faibles	—	—
Centre	● e4 (3v1)	—

Colonnes et diagonales

♔ Blancs

♚ Noirs

Pièces

	♔ Blancs	♚ Noirs
Bc1	● Bc1 Non développé (mob. 0)
Bc2	● Bc2 Actif (mob. 4)
Be7		● Be7 Enfermé (mob. 0)
Bc8		● Bc8 Non développé (mob. 6)
Paire de fous	● Oui	● Oui
Non développées	2 (c1, a1)	2 (c8, a8)

Sécurité du roi

	♔ Blancs	♚ Noirs
Statut	● Roqué	● Roqué
Droits de roque	—	—

Thèmes

	♔ Blancs	♚ Noirs
Phase	Ouverture
Centre	fermé
Ruptures	● c3-c4	● …c5-c4

Partie
1907 Ostende II – Round 10 – Suechting, Hugo – 1/2-1/2 – Salwe, Georg H S – G124 1. e4 e5 2. Nf3 Nc6 3. Bb5 a6 4. Ba4 Nf6 5. O-O Be7 6. Re1 b5 7. Bb3 d6 8. c3 O-O 9. h3 Na5 10. Bc2 c5
1964 Open - CFNC Experts – Round 9 – Blackstone, John – 1-0 – Kane, George Francis – G9 1. e4 e5 2. Nf3 Nc6 3. Bb5 a6 4. Ba4 Nf6 5. O-O Be7 6. Re1 b5 7. Bb3 d6 8. c3 O-O 9. h3 Na5 10. Bc2 c5
1967 YUG Ch 22th – Round 10 – Knezevic, Milorad – 1/2-1/2 – ? – G54 1. e4 e5 2. Nf3 Nc6 3. Bb5 a6 4. Ba4 Nf6 5. O-O Be7 6. Re1 b5 7. Bb3 d6 8. c3 O-O 9. h3 Na5 10. Bc2 c5
1969 Tallinn – Round ? – Haag, Ervin – 1-0 – Book, Eero – G17 1. e4 e5 2. Nf3 Nc6 3. Bb5 a6 4. Ba4 Nf6 5. O-O Be7 6. Re1 b5 7. Bb3 d6 8. c3 O-O 9. h3 Na5 10. Bc2 c5
1969 Tbilisi – Round 1 – Haag, Ervin – 1/2-1/2 – Kholmov, Ratmir D – G12 1. e4 e5 2. Nf3 Nc6 3. Bb5 a6 4. Ba4 Nf6 5. O-O Be7 6. Re1 b5 7. Bb3 d6 8. c3 O-O 9. h3 Na5 10. Bc2 c5
1970 IBM – Round 3 – Spassky, Boris V. – 1/2-1/2 – Scholl, Eddie C – G154 1. e4 e5 2. Nf3 Nc6 3. Bb5 a6 4. Ba4 Nf6 5. O-O Be7 6. Re1 b5 7. Bb3 d6 8. c3 O-O 9. h3 Na5 10. Bc2 c5

1907 Ostende II – Round 10 – Suechting, Hugo – 1/2-1/2 – Salwe, Georg H S – G124

1964 Open – CFNC Experts – Round 9 – Blackstone, John – 1-0 – Kane, George Francis – G9

1967 YUG Ch 22th – Round 10 – Knezevic, Milorad – 1/2-1/2 – ? – G54

1969 Tallinn – Round ? – Haag, Ervin – 1-0 – Book, Eero – G17

1969 Tbilisi – Round 1 – Haag, Ervin – 1/2-1/2 – Kholmov, Ratmir D – G12

1970 IBM – Round 3 – Spassky, Boris V. – 1/2-1/2 – Scholl, Eddie C – G154