C87h — Spanish: Closed, Averbakh, 7.c3 Bg4 8.d3

1.e4 e5 2.Nf3 Nc6 3.Bb5 a6 4.Ba4 Nf6 5.O-O Be7 6.Re1 d6 7.c3 Bg4 8.d3 * ● Trait aux Noirs

Ouverture — Centre fermé

♔ Point de vue Blancs

8 7 6 5 4 3 2 1

abcdefgh

Plans. Nbd2 (Développer b1 — 63 % des parties) ; h3 (Empêcher ...Bg4 — 17 % des parties) ; Be3 (Fou actif (mobilité 9), Développer c1 — 12 % des parties).

♚ Point de vue Noirs

1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8

hgfedcba

Plans. ...O-O (Mettre le roi en sécurité, connecter les tours — 47 % des parties) ; ...Nd7 (38 % des parties) ; ...Qd7 (Prépare O-O-O — 9 % des parties) ; ...b5 (Expansion aile dame — 5 % des parties).

Avantages

Faiblesses

Diagonale active

Plans

Structure de pions

	♔ Blancs	♚ Noirs
Pions doublés	—	—
Pions isolés	—	—
Arriérés	—	—
Chaînes	● b2→c3, d3→e4	● d6→e5, b7→a6, c7→d6
Passés	—	—
Majorité	—	—

Cases

	♔ Blancs	♚ Noirs
Cases fortes	● g5 (2v0)	—
Cases faibles	—	—
Centre	● e4 (2v1)	● e5 (2v1)

Colonnes et diagonales

♔ Blancs

♚ Noirs

Pièces

	♔ Blancs	♚ Noirs
Bc1	● Bc1 Non développé (mob. 5)
Ba4	● Ba4 Actif (mob. 4)
Bg4		● Bg4 Actif (mob. 7)
Be7		● Be7 Ok (mob. 1)
Paire de fous	● Oui	● Oui
Clouages	—	● knight c6
Non développées	3 (● b1, ● c1, ● a1)	2 (● a8, ● h8)

Sécurité du roi

	♔ Blancs	♚ Noirs
Statut	● Roqué	● Au centre
Droits de roque	—	O-O / O-O-O

Thèmes

	♔ Blancs	♚ Noirs
Phase	Ouverture
Centre	fermé
Ruptures	● d3-d4	● …d6-d5

Partie
? 1983 – Round ? – Romanishin, Oleg M – 1-0 – Petrosian, Tigran V – G9 1. e4 e5 2. Nf3 Nc6 3. Bb5 a6 4. Ba4 Nf6 5. O-O Be7 6. Re1 d6 7. c3 Bg4 8. d3 O-O 9. Nbd2 Re8 10. h3 Bd7
1904 Cambridge Springs – Round 10 – Fox, Albert – 1-0 – Janowski, Dawid – G48 1. e4 e5 2. Nf3 Nc6 3. Bb5 a6 4. Ba4 Nf6 5. O-O Be7 6. Re1 d6 7. c3 Bg4 8. d3 O-O 9. Nbd2 Nd7 10. Nf1 Nc5
1904 City of London CC National Tournament – Round 4 – Loman, Rudolf – 0-1 – Van Vliet, Louis – G5 1. e4 e5 2. Nf3 Nc6 3. Bb5 a6 4. Ba4 Nf6 5. O-O Be7 6. Re1 d6 7. c3 Bg4 8. d3 O-O 9. Nbd2 Nd7 10. Nf1 b5
1904 City of London CC National Tournament – Round 6 – Napier, William – 1/2-1/2 – Van Vliet, Louis – G6 1. e4 e5 2. Nf3 Nc6 3. Bb5 a6 4. Ba4 Nf6 5. O-O Be7 6. Re1 d6 7. c3 Bg4 8. d3 O-O 9. Nbd2 b5 10. Bb3 Na5
1905 It (Men) Stockholm SWE – Round 2 – Schelfhout, Willem – 1/2-1/2 – Janowski, Dawid – G7 1. e4 e5 2. Nf3 Nc6 3. Bb5 a6 4. Ba4 Nf6 5. O-O Be7 6. Re1 d6 7. c3 Bg4 8. d3 O-O 9. Nbd2 Nd7 10. h3 Bh5
1911 BCF Ch 8th – Round 8 – McKee, James Alexander – 1-0 – Atkins, Henry Ernest – G12 1. e4 e5 2. Nf3 Nc6 3. Bb5 a6 4. Ba4 Nf6 5. O-O Be7 6. Re1 d6 7. c3 Bg4 8. d3 h6 9. Nbd2 Nh7 10. Bxc6+ bxc6
1911 Cologne-A – Round 16 – Breyer, Gyula – 1-0 – Hromadka, Karel – G15 1. e4 e5 2. Nf3 Nc6 3. Bb5 a6 4. Ba4 Nf6 5. O-O Be7 6. d3 d6 7. c3 Bg4 8. Re1 h6 9. Nbd2 b5 10. Bb3 Na5
1913 BCF Ch 10th – Round 9 – Yates, Fred Dewhirst – 1-0 – Gibson, William – G13 1. e4 e5 2. Nf3 Nc6 3. Bb5 a6 4. Ba4 Nf6 5. O-O d6 6. Re1 Bg4 7. c3 Be7 8. d3 O-O 9. Nbd2 Qd7 10. Nf1 b5
1913 It (Men) Scheveningen NED – Round 6 – Bogoljubow, Efim – 0-1 – Janowski, Dawid – G12 1. e4 e5 2. Nf3 Nc6 3. Bb5 a6 4. Ba4 Nf6 5. O-O d6 6. Re1 Be7 7. c3 Bg4 8. d3 O-O 9. Nbd2 Nd7 10. h3 Bh5
1921 Brno Morava – Round 2 – Dobrowolny, Rudolf – 1/2-1/2 – Hromadka, Karel – G5 1. e4 e5 2. Nf3 Nc6 3. Bb5 a6 4. Ba4 Nf6 5. O-O d6 6. Re1 Be7 7. c3 Bg4 8. d3 O-O 9. h3 Bh5 10. Nbd2 Bg6
1927 London Olympiad 1st – Round 11.23 – Michell, Reginald – 1/2-1/2 – Hromadka, Karel – G117 1. e4 e5 2. Nf3 Nc6 3. Bb5 a6 4. Ba4 Nf6 5. O-O Be7 6. Re1 d6 7. c3 Bg4 8. d3 O-O 9. Nbd2 Nd7 10. h3 Bh5
1938 Trade Unions – Round 1 – Panov, Vasily – 0-1 – Tolush, Alexander V – G16 1. e4 e5 2. Nf3 Nc6 3. Bb5 a6 4. Ba4 Nf6 5. O-O d6 6. c3 Bg4 7. Re1 Be7 8. d3 h6 9. Nbd2 Nh7 10. h3 Bd7
1950 DDR Ch – Round 8 – Herrmann, Ludwig – 0-1 – Elstner, Rudolf – G15 1. e4 e5 2. Nf3 Nc6 3. Bb5 a6 4. Ba4 d6 5. O-O Be7 6. c3 Bg4 7. Re1 Nf6 8. d3 O-O 9. Nbd2 Nd7 10. h3 Bh5
1950 Moscow Ch – Round 1 – Shcherbakov, Vitaly – 0-1 – Estrin, Yakov – G22 1. e4 e5 2. Nf3 Nc6 3. Bb5 a6 4. Ba4 Nf6 5. O-O Be7 6. d3 d6 7. c3 Bg4 8. Re1 Nd7 9. Nbd2 Nc5 10. Bxc6+ bxc6
1961 CHI Ch – Round 3 – Pilnik, Herman – 1-0 – Vivanco Felipe – G7 1. e4 e5 2. Nf3 Nc6 3. Bb5 a6 4. Ba4 Nf6 5. O-O Be7 6. d3 d6 7. c3 Bg4 8. Re1 O-O 9. Nbd2 Re8 10. h3 Bh5
1961 Corr – Round ? – Ahman, Harry – 0-1 – Bondarevsky, Igor – G8 1. e4 e5 2. Nf3 Nc6 3. Bb5 a6 4. Ba4 Nf6 5. O-O Be7 6. Re1 d6 7. c3 Bg4 8. d3 Nd7 9. Nbd2 Nc5 10. Bxc6+ bxc6
1962 Capablanca Memorial – Round 4 – Ivkov, Borislav – 1/2-1/2 – Spassky, Boris Vasily – G40 1. e4 e5 2. Nf3 Nc6 3. Bb5 a6 4. Ba4 Nf6 5. O-O Be7 6. Re1 d6 7. c3 Bg4 8. d3 Nd7 9. Be3 O-O 10. h3 Bh5
1962 Copenhagen – Round 1 – From, Sigfred – 0-1 – Kolvig, Bent – G26 1. e4 e5 2. Nf3 Nc6 3. Bb5 a6 4. Ba4 Nf6 5. O-O d6 6. Re1 Bg4 7. c3 Be7 8. d3 Qd7 9. Nbd2 b5 10. Bb3 g5
1962 Hungary – Round 16 – Szily, Jozsef – 1/2-1/2 – Szollosi, Laszlo Sr – G125 1. e4 e5 2. Nf3 Nc6 3. Bb5 a6 4. Ba4 Nf6 5. d3 d6 6. c3 Be7 7. O-O Bg4 8. Re1 Qd7 9. Nbd2 g5 10. Nf1 Rg8
1963 BRA Ch – Round 15 – Mangini, Jose Henrique de Mello – 0-1 – Asfora, Eduardo Hasbum – G47 1. e4 e5 2. Nf3 Nc6 3. Bb5 a6 4. Ba4 Nf6 5. O-O Be7 6. Re1 d6 7. c3 Bg4 8. d3 Qd7 9. Nbd2 g5 10. Nf1 Rg8
1963 Budapest Ch – Round 1 – Pogats, Jozsef Jr. – 1-0 – Cs. Kovacs, Laszlo – G38 1. e4 e5 2. Nf3 Nc6 3. Bb5 a6 4. Ba4 Nf6 5. O-O Be7 6. d3 d6 7. c3 Bg4 8. Re1 b5 9. Bc2 O-O 10. Nbd2 d5
1963 Moscow – Round 1 – Krasnov, Aleksander – 1-0 – Zaitsev, Igor A – G14 1. e4 e5 2. Nf3 Nc6 3. Bb5 a6 4. Ba4 Nf6 5. O-O Be7 6. Re1 d6 7. c3 Bg4 8. d3 Qd7 9. Nbd2 g5 10. Nf1 Rg8
1964 Moscow Ch – Round ? – Vasiukov, Evgeni – 1/2-1/2 – Bakulin, Nikolac I – G88 1. e4 e5 2. Nf3 Nc6 3. Bb5 a6 4. Ba4 Nf6 5. O-O Be7 6. Re1 d6 7. c3 Bg4 8. d3 Nd7 9. Be3 O-O 10. Nbd2 b5
1964 Moscow Ch sf – Round ? – Shamkovich, Leonid – 1-0 – Bobolovich Vladimir – G11 1. e4 e5 2. Nf3 Nc6 3. Bb5 a6 4. Ba4 Nf6 5. O-O Be7 6. Re1 d6 7. c3 Bg4 8. d3 Nd7 9. Nbd2 Nc5 10. Bc2 Ne6
1965 Hungary – Round 1 – Pogats, Jozsef Jr. – 1/2-1/2 – Barczay, Laszlo – G86 1. e4 e5 2. Nf3 Nc6 3. Bb5 a6 4. Ba4 Nf6 5. O-O Be7 6. Re1 d6 7. c3 Bg4 8. d3 Qd7 9. Nbd2 g5 10. Nf1 Rg8
1965 Pardubice – Round 4 – Novak, Ervin – 1-0 – Florian, Jaromir – G39 1. e4 e5 2. Nf3 Nc6 3. Bb5 a6 4. Ba4 d6 5. O-O Bg4 6. c3 Nf6 7. d3 Be7 8. Re1 O-O 9. Nbd2 Kh8 10. Nf1 Ng8
1966 Hungary – Round 1 – Besztercsenyi, Tibor – 1-0 – Kovacs, Laszlo M – G23 1. e4 e5 2. Nf3 Nc6 3. Bb5 a6 4. Ba4 Nf6 5. O-O d6 6. Re1 Bg4 7. c3 Be7 8. d3 b5 9. Bb3 Na5 10. Bc2 O-O
1966 It II Beverwijk NED – Round 8 – Ostojic, Predrag – 1/2-1/2 – Ghitescu, Theodor – G27 1. e4 e5 2. Nf3 Nc6 3. Bb5 a6 4. Ba4 Nf6 5. O-O d6 6. Re1 Bg4 7. c3 Be7 8. d3 O-O 9. Nbd2 Nd7 10. h3 Bh5
1971 Moscow – Round 1 – Parma, Bruno – 1/2-1/2 – Spassky, Boris V. – G186 1. e4 e5 2. Nf3 Nc6 3. Bb5 a6 4. Ba4 Nf6 5. O-O Be7 6. Re1 d6 7. c3 Bg4 8. d3 O-O 9. Nbd2 Re8 10. h3 Bd7
1972 San Antonio – Round 6 – Keres, Paul – 1-0 – Campos Lopez, Mario – G97 1. e4 e5 2. Nf3 Nc6 3. Bb5 a6 4. Ba4 Nf6 5. O-O Be7 6. Re1 d6 7. c3 Bg4 8. d3 Qd7 9. Nbd2 O-O 10. h3 Bh5
36. Olympiad 2004 – Round 9 – Stefansson, Hannes – 1/2-1/2 – Adams, Michael – G319 1. e4 e5 2. Nf3 Nc6 3. Bb5 a6 4. Ba4 Nf6 5. O-O Be7 6. Re1 d6 7. c3 Bg4 8. d3 Nd7 9. Nbd2 Nc5 10. Bc2 Ne6
Alekhine Memorial 1971 – Round 16 – Parma, Bruno – 1/2-1/2 – Spassky, Boris V. – G45 1. e4 e5 2. Nf3 Nc6 3. Bb5 a6 4. Ba4 Nf6 5. O-O Be7 6. c3 d6 7. Re1 Bg4 8. d3 O-O 9. Nbd2 Re8 10. h3 Bd7
ARM-ROW Match 2004 – Round 1 – Leko, Peter – 1/2-1/2 – Adams, Michael – G2 1. e4 e5 2. Nf3 Nc6 3. Bb5 a6 4. Ba4 Nf6 5. O-O Be7 6. Re1 d6 7. c3 Bg4 8. d3 Nd7 9. Be3 h6 10. h3 Bh5
Bugojno 1986 – Round 2 – Ljubojevic, Ljubomir – 1/2-1/2 – Spassky, Boris V. – G15 1. e4 e5 2. Nf3 Nc6 3. Bb5 a6 4. Ba4 Nf6 5. O-O Be7 6. Re1 d6 7. c3 Bg4 8. d3 Nd7 9. h3 Bxf3 10. Qxf3 Nc5
Corsica Masters KO 2005 – Round 3.1 – Anand, Viswanathan – 1/2-1/2 – Adams, Michael – G33 1. e4 e5 2. Nf3 Nc6 3. Bb5 a6 4. Ba4 Nf6 5. O-O Be7 6. Re1 d6 7. c3 Bg4 8. d3 Nd7 9. Be3 h6 10. h3 Bh5
Corus A 2005 – Round 7 – Leko, Peter – 1/2-1/2 – Adams, Michael – G42 1. e4 e5 2. Nf3 Nc6 3. Bb5 a6 4. Ba4 Nf6 5. O-O Be7 6. Re1 d6 7. c3 Bg4 8. d3 Nd7 9. Be3 h6 10. h3 Bh5
Corus A 2006 – Round 5 – Topalov, Veselin – 1/2-1/2 – Mamedyarov, Shakhriyar – G31 1. e4 e5 2. Nf3 Nc6 3. Bb5 a6 4. Ba4 Nf6 5. O-O Be7 6. Re1 d6 7. c3 Bg4 8. d3 Nd7 9. h3 Bh5 10. Be3 h6
Dortmund 1997 – Round 8 – Anand, Viswanathan – 1-0 – Short, Nigel D – G32 1. e4 e5 2. Nf3 Nc6 3. Bb5 a6 4. Ba4 Nf6 5. O-O Be7 6. Re1 d6 7. c3 Bg4 8. d3 Nd7 9. Be3 Bxf3 10. Qxf3 Bg5
Eurotel Trophy 2002 – Round 1.2 – Leko, Peter – 1/2-1/2 – Sokolov , Ivan – G25 1. e4 e5 2. Nf3 Nc6 3. Bb5 a6 4. Ba4 Nf6 5. O-O Be7 6. Re1 d6 7. c3 Bg4 8. d3 Nd7 9. Be3 O-O 10. h3 Bh5
GCT Blitz Paris 2019 – Round 1.5 – Giri, Anish – 1-0 – Mamedyarov, Shakhriyar – G5 1. e4 e5 2. Nf3 Nc6 3. Bb5 a6 4. Ba4 Nf6 5. O-O Be7 6. d3 d6 7. c3 Bg4 8. Re1 Nd7 9. h3 Bh5 10. Bxc6 bxc6
GCT Rapid YourNextMove 2018 – Round 8.2 – Grischuk, Alexander – 1/2-1/2 – Mamedyarov, Shakhriyar – G37 1. e4 e5 2. Nf3 Nc6 3. Bb5 a6 4. Ba4 Nf6 5. O-O Be7 6. Re1 d6 7. c3 Bg4 8. d3 Nd7 9. Bc2 O-O 10. Nbd2 Bg5
Novgorod 1996 – Round 4 – Topalov, Veselin – 1/2-1/2 – Short, Nigel D – G12 1. e4 e5 2. Nf3 Nc6 3. Bb5 a6 4. Ba4 Nf6 5. O-O Be7 6. Re1 d6 7. c3 Bg4 8. d3 Nd7 9. Nbd2 Nc5 10. Bc2 Ne6
Renova FIDE GP Zug 2013 – Round 5.6 – Topalov, Veselin – 1-0 – Nakamura, Hikaru – G30 1. e4 e5 2. Nf3 Nc6 3. Bb5 a6 4. Ba4 Nf6 5. O-O Be7 6. d3 d6 7. c3 Bg4 8. Re1 Nd7 9. h3 Bh5 10. Be3 b5
SportAccord Blitz 2014 – Round 27.7 – Leko, Peter – 1/2-1/2 – Harikrishna, Pentala – G214 1. e4 e5 2. Nf3 Nc6 3. Bb5 a6 4. Ba4 Nf6 5. O-O Be7 6. Re1 d6 7. c3 Bg4 8. d3 Nd7 9. Be3 h6 10. Nbd2 Bg5
URS Spartakiad 1979 – Round 2 – Balashov, Yuri S – 1/2-1/2 – Petrosian, Arshak B – G23 1. e4 e5 2. Nf3 Nc6 3. Bb5 a6 4. Ba4 Nf6 5. O-O Be7 6. Re1 d6 7. c3 Bg4 8. d3 O-O 9. Nbd2 Re8 10. h3 Bd7
World Blitz 2015 – Round 10.53 – Riff, Jean-Noel – 1/2-1/2 – Kryvoruchko, Yuriy – G638 1. e4 e5 2. Nf3 Nc6 3. Bb5 a6 4. Ba4 Nf6 5. O-O Be7 6. Re1 d6 7. c3 Bg4 8. d3 Nd7 9. h3 Bh5 10. Nbd2 O-O

C87h — Closed, Averbakh (1904)

1.e4 e5 2.Nf3 Nc6 3.Bb5 a6 4.Ba4 Nf6 5.O-O Be7 6.Re1 d6 7.c3 Bg4 8.d3

Les coups candidats

8…O-O — 46.6% (295 parties)

Ambassadeurs : Petrosian, Arshak B (16x), Romanishin, Oleg M (9x), Doppelhammer, Herbert (4x), Mikhalchishin, Adrian (3x), Zapata, Alonso (3x), Campos Lopez, Mario (3x), Aronian, Levon (3x), Kontra, Miroslav (3x)

8…Nd7 — 38.1% (241 parties)

Ambassadeurs : Romanishin, Oleg M (13x), Mayorau, Mikita (10x), Adams, Michael (9x), Harikrishna, Pentala (6x), Hector, Jonny (5x), Morschel, Dieter T (4x), Susovic, Hrvoje (4x), Kulovana, Eva (3x)

8…Qd7 — 8.7% (55 parties)

Ambassadeurs : Jenkins, David M (3x), Garcia Sanchez , Miguel Alejandr (2x), Palciauskas, Victor V (2x), Malis, Jiri (2x), Krabbe, Tim (2x), Pogats, Jozsef Jr. (1x), Barczay, Laszlo (1x), Parma, Bruno (1x)

8…b5 — 5.1% (32 parties)

Ambassadeurs : Pogats, Jozsef Jr. (1x), Kovacs, Marcell (1x), Besztercsenyi, Tibor (1x), Kovacs, Laszlo (1x), Dubinsky, Alexander (1x), Bakulin, Nikolac I (1x), Meinhardt, Ernst (1x), Brunk, Kurt (1x)

Analyse statistique des coups candidats

Répartition par niveau Elo (% des parties)

Tranche Elo	N parties	8…O-O	8…Nd7	8…Qd7	8…b5
<1800	46	61%	15%	4%	20%
1800-2200	187	63%	20%	9%	6%
2200-2600	249	34%	60%	4%	2%
2600+	38	18%	82%	—	—

Évolution par décennie (% des parties)

Décennie	N parties	8…O-O	8…Nd7	8…Qd7	8…b5
1950s	6	50%	50%	—	—
1960s	30	17%	23%	50%	10%
1970s	27	85%	7%	7%	—
1980s	36	58%	8%	28%	—
1990s	57	53%	25%	16%	5%
2000s	192	45%	43%	6%	5%
2010s	236	42%	46%	3%	7%
2020s	49	53%	45%	—	2%

Tendances récentes (2010s → 2020s)

Coup	2010s	2020s	Δ
8…O-O	42%	53%	▲ +10.7%
8…Nd7	46%	45%	▼ -0.9%
8…Qd7	3%	0%	▼ -3.4%
8…b5	7%	2%	▼ -4.7%

Joueurs célèbres

Champions du monde dans cette position

Anand, Viswanathan — 2 parties
Karpov, Anatoly — 1 partie
Tal, Mikhail — 1 partie
Hou, Yifan — 1 partie

Parties historiques

8…O-O — 46.6% (295 parties)

1950 — Herrmann, Ludwig vs Elstner, Rudolf — 0-1 — Soemmerda GER
1956 — Smith, Kenneth vs Fischheimer, Daniel — 0-1 — Oklahoma City, OK USA
1957 — Nilsson, Zandor vs Fridh, Anton — 1-0 — Stockholm SWE
1961 — Pilnik, Herman vs Vivanco, Felipe — 1-0 — Santiago de Chile
1963 — Scholl, Eddie C vs Moe, Mogens — 1-0 — Vrnjacka Banja SRB

8…Nd7 — 38.1% (241 parties)

1950 — Scherbakov, Lev vs Estrin, Yakov — 0-1 — Ch Moscow Moscow RUS
1950 — Salov, Vitaly V. vs Estrin, Yakov — 0-1 — Moscow RUS
1952 — Shumakher, A vs Ragozin, Viacheslav — 0-1 — USSR ch-02 5255
1961 — A Aman vs Bondarevsky, Igor — 0-1 — ?
1962 — Ivkov, Borislav vs Spassky, Boris Vasily — 1/2-1/2 — Havana CUB

8…Qd7 — 8.7% (55 parties)

1962 — Calvo José Minguez, Ricardo vs Bernhardt, Rolf — 1/2-1/2 — Zurich SUI
1962 — Pelitov, Dimitar vs Minev, Nikolay N — 0-1 — Sofia BUL
1962 — Szily, Jozsef vs Szollosi, Laszlo Sr — 1/2-1/2 — Budapest HUN
1962 — Mazzoni, Guy vs Rolland, Pierre — 0-1 — Paris FRA
1962 — Franco, Sigifredo vs Kolvig, Bent — 0-1 — Copenhagen DEN

8…b5 — 5.1% (32 parties)

1963 — Pogats, Jozsef Jr. vs Kovacs, Marcell — 1-0 — Budapest HUN
1963 — Dubinsky, Alexander vs Bakulin, Nikolac I — 1/2-1/2 — Moscow RUS
1966 — Besztercsenyi, Tibor vs Kovacs, Laszlo — 1-0 — Budapest HUN
1995 — Sheredina, Anna vs Dobrotin, Aleksandr E. — 0-1 — Moscow-ch op
1996 — Meinhardt, Ernst vs Brunk, Kurt — 1/2-1/2 — ?

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