C16a — French: Winawer, Advance Variation

1.e4 e6 2.d4 d5 3.Nc3 Bb4 4.e5   ● Trait aux Noirs

Ouverture — Centre fermé

♔ Point de vue Blancs

8 7 6 5 4 3 2 1
bR
bN
bB
bQ
bK
bN
bR
bP
bP
bP
bP
bP
bP
bP
Case forte (2v0)
bP
wPPion central
bB
wPPion central
wN
wP
wP
wP
wP
wP
wP
wR
wBFou actif — mobilité 5
wQ
wK
wBFou actif — mobilité 5
wN
wR
abcdefgh
Plans. a3 (Préparer expansion aile dame — 79 % des parties) ; Bd2 (Fou actif (mobilité 5), Développer c1 — 10 % des parties) ; Qg4 (Prépare O-O-O — 6 % des parties).

♚ Point de vue Noirs

1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8
wR
wN
wB
wK
wQ
wB
wR
wP
wP
wP
wP
wP
wP
wN
wP
bBFou actif — mobilité 7
wP
bP
bP
bP
bP
bP
bP
bP
bP
bR
bN
bK
bQ
bB
bN
bR
hgfedcba
Plans. ...c5 (Frapper le centre adverse — 75 % des parties) ; ...Ne7 (Développer g8 — 15 % des parties) ; ...b6 (Préparer le fianchetto — 5 % des parties).
Avantages
Faiblesses
Diagonale active
Plans

Structure de pions
♔ Blancs ♚ Noirs
Pions doublés
Pions isolés
Arriérés
Chaînes ● d4→e5 ● e6→d5, f7→e6
Passés
Majorité
Cases
♔ Blancs ♚ Noirs
Cases fortes ● b5 (2v0)
Cases faibles
Centre ● d4 (1v0), ● e5 (1v0) ● d5 (2v1)
Colonnes et diagonales
♔ Blancs ♚ Noirs
Pièces
♔ Blancs ♚ Noirs
Bc1 ● Bc1 Non développé (mob. 5)
Bf1 ● Bf1 Non développé (mob. 5)
Bb4 ● Bb4 Actif (mob. 7)
Bc8 ● Bc8 Non développé (mob. 1)
Paire de fous ● Oui ● Oui
Clouages ● knight c3
Non développées 5 (● g1, ● c1, ● f1, ● a1, ● h1) 5 (● b8, ● g8, ● c8, ● a8, ● h8)
Sécurité du roi
♔ Blancs ♚ Noirs
Statut ● Au centre ● Au centre
Droits de roque O-O / O-O-O O-O / O-O-O
Thèmes
♔ Blancs ♚ Noirs
Phase Ouverture
Centre fermé
Ruptures ● …f7-f6
Partie
1925 Leningrad ch-URS – Round 1 – Romanovsky, Pjotr – 1-0 – Rabinovich, Ilya Mar – G2
1. e4 e6 2. d4 d5 3. Nc3 Bb4 4. e5 f6 5. Nf3 c5 6. Bb5+ Kf8 7. dxc5 Qa5 8. Be2 fxe5 9. O-O Nc6 10. Nxd5 exd5
1927 Moskou ch-URS – Round 12 – Botvinnik, Mikhail – 1-0 – Pavlov-Pianov, Nikolay – G32
1. e4 e6 2. d4 d5 3. Nc3 Bb4 4. e5 f6 5. Nf3 c5 6. a3 Ba5 7. b4 cxb4 8. Nb5 b3+ 9. c3 Nc6 10. Qxb3 Bc7
1932 BCF Ch 25. Major Open – Round 1 – Damant, Charles Ambrose S – 1-0 – Wallis, Philip N – G3
1. e4 e6 2. d4 d5 3. Nc3 Bb4 4. e5 f6 5. Nf3 c5 6. Bb5+ Bd7 7. O-O fxe5 8. Bxd7+ Nxd7 9. Nxe5 Nxe5 10. dxe5 Ne7
1935 Moscow – Round 19 – Bohatyrchuk, Fedir Parfenovych – 1/2-1/2 – Ragozin, Viacheslav – G92
1. e4 e6 2. d4 d5 3. Nc3 Bb4 4. e5 f5 5. Bd2 Ne7 6. a3 Bxc3 7. Bxc3 O-O 8. f4 b6 9. Nf3 c5 10. Bd3 Nbc6
1936 Munich ol (Men) – Round 11 – Balogh, Janos – 1-0 – Ozols, Karlis – G26
1. e4 e6 2. d4 d5 3. Nc3 Bb4 4. e5 f5 5. Bd2 Nd7 6. a3 Bxc3 7. Bxc3 c5 8. Nf3 Qb6 9. Qd2 Ne7 10. Qg5 Kf8
1960 AUS Ch – Round 14 – Lapin, Vasily – 1/2-1/2 – Ozols, Karlis – G66
1. e4 e6 2. d4 d5 3. Nc3 Bb4 4. e5 f5 5. a3 Be7 6. Nh3 c5 7. dxc5 Nd7 8. Bb5 Bxc5 9. Nf4 Qe7 10. O-O Kf8
World Blitz 2021 – Round 19.66 – Zilka, Stepan – 1/2-1/2 – Gabuzyan, Hovhannes – G1139
1. e4 e6 2. d4 d5 3. Nc3 Bb4 4. e5 Bxc3+ 5. bxc3 b6 6. h4 Ba6 7. Bxa6 Nxa6 8. h5 h6 9. Qg4 Kf8 10. Rh3 Ne7

C16a — Winawer Variation, Advance Variation (1925)
1.e4 e6 2.d4 d5 3.Nc3 Bb4 4.e5
Les coups candidats
Ambassadeurs : Cimicki, Dariusz (143x), Vontina, Maria (139x), Relyea, Alexander (128x), Lputian, Smbat (94x), Short, Nigel D (92x), ? (88x), Timman, Jan H (82x), Vaganian, Rafael A (72x)
Ambassadeurs : Uhlmann, Wolfgang (140x), Bakheet Farag (120x), Drasko, Milan (96x), Apicella, Manuel (77x), Dgebuadze, Alexandre (69x), Portisch, Ferenc (54x), Gdanski, Jacek (52x), Ivkov, Borislav (48x)
Ambassadeurs : Vogel, Jaap (66x), Laureles, Raymundo (47x), Huss, Andreas (43x), Dizdar, Goran (42x), Vaganian, Rafael A (41x), Gonzalez Rodriguez, Jorge A. (38x), Karatorossian, David (31x), Roselli Mailhe, Bernardo (26x)
Ambassadeurs : Weyerstrass, Ronald (84x), Linqvist, Grels (29x), Peric, Slavisa (27x), Huss, Andreas (19x), Seirawan, Yasser (17x), Karlsson, Lars 1937 (15x), Katalymov, Boris (15x), Lieb, Harald (15x)
Analyse statistique des coups candidats
Répartition par niveau Elo (% des parties)
Tranche Elo N parties 4…c5 4…Ne7 4…b6 4…Qd7
<1800 4907 78% 13% 4% 2%
1800-2200 34771 78% 13% 4% 4%
2200-2600 33251 69% 18% 7% 5%
2600+ 979 73% 18% 6% 3%
Évolution par décennie (% des parties)
Décennie N parties 4…c5 4…Ne7 4…b6 4…Qd7
1950s 865 82% 8% 6% 4%
1960s 1803 63% 22% 4% 10%
1970s 2712 67% 14% 6% 12%
1980s 6634 70% 16% 6% 7%
1990s 17649 74% 14% 5% 6%
2000s 27247 76% 15% 4% 3%
2010s 27193 75% 15% 6% 3%
2020s 6816 77% 13% 6% 3%
Tendances récentes (2010s → 2020s)
Coup 2010s 2020s Δ
4…c5 75% 77% ▲ +1.4%
4…Ne7 15% 13% ▼ -1.7%
4…b6 6% 6% +0.1%
4…Qd7 3% 3% +0.3%
Joueurs célèbres
Champions du monde dans cette position
Botvinnik, Mikhail — 10 parties
Tal, Mikhail — 10 parties
Kasparov, Garry — 10 parties
Anand, Viswanathan — 10 parties
Karpov, Anatoly — 10 parties
Carlsen, Magnus — 10 parties
Hou, Yifan — 10 parties
Smyslov, Vladimir — 3 parties
Lasker, Emanuel — 2 parties
Kramnik, Vladimir — 2 parties
Fischer, Robert James — 1 partie
Ju, Wenjun — 1 partie
Gukesh D — 1 partie
Parties historiques
4…c5 — 74.7% (67915 parties)
1950 — Karastoichev, Emil vs Naidenov, Nikola — 1/2-1/2 — Sofia BUL
1950 — Boey, Josef vs Barker, Malcolm Neil — 1-0 — Birmingham ENG
1950 — Liublinsky, Victor vs Petrosian, Tigran V. — 0-1 — Moskou ch-URS
1950 — Rellstab, Ludwig vs Niephaus, Walter — 1/2-1/2 — Bad Pyrmont GER
1950 — Milner Barry, Philip vs Wallis, Philip N — 1-0 — Buxton
4…Ne7 — 15.0% (13661 parties)
1950 — Dubinin, Peter vs Petrosian, Tigran A. — 0-1 — Gorki
1950 — Szily, Jozsef vs Sandor, Bela — 1/2-1/2 — Budapest HUN
1950 — Paoli, Enrico vs Castaldi, Vincenzo — 1/2-1/2 — Sorrento ch ITA
1951 — Guimard, Carlos E vs Rossetto, Hector — 1/2-1/2 — Mar del Plata zt Mar
1951 — Guimard, Carlos E vs Rossetto, Hector — 1/2-1/2 — Mar del Plata ARG
4…b6 — 5.0% (4523 parties)
1952 — Mardle, Denis vs Rutanen, E. — 0-1 — Liverpool
1953 — Bonch-Osmolovsky, Mikhail vs Zagorovsky, Vladimir — 1-0 — Leningrad RUS
1954 — Gipslis, Aivars vs Bannik, Anatolij — 1-0 — Riga LAT
1954 — Ragozin, Viacheslav vs Bannik, Anatolij — 1-0 — Kiev ch-URS
1954 — Tal, Mikhail vs Taimanov, Mark — 0-1 — Riga LAT
4…Qd7 — 4.3% (3949 parties)
1955 — Konstantinopolsky, Alexander vs Aratovsky, Nikolay — 1/2-1/2 — ?
1956 — Sakharov, Yuri N vs Petrosian, Tigran V. — 0-1 — URS-ch sf Tbilisi GEO
1956 — Nezhmetdinov, Rashid vs Makarov, Andrei — 1-0 — ?
1956 — Giorgadze, Tamaz vs Abanin, Vladimir — 0-1 — Tbilisi GEO
1956 — Zurakhov, Vladlen Y vs Borisenko, Georgy K — 1-0 — Leningrad ch-URS