Structure de pions

	♔ Blancs	♚ Noirs
Pions doublés	—	—
Pions isolés	—	—
Arriérés	—	—
Chaînes	—	● e6→f5, d7→e6
Passés	—	—
Majorité	—	—

Cases

	♔ Blancs	♚ Noirs
Cases fortes	● e5 (2v0), ● g5 (2v0)	● e4 (2v0), ● g4 (2v0)
Cases faibles	—	—
Centre	● d4 (2v0), ● e5 (2v0)	● d5 (2v1), ● e4 (2v0)

Colonnes et diagonales

♔ Blancs

♚ Noirs

Pièces

	♔ Blancs	♚ Noirs
Bc1	● Bc1 Non développé (mob. 5)
Bf1	● Bf1 Non développé (mob. 0)
Bc8		● Bc8 Non développé (mob. 0)
Bf8		● Bf8 Non développé (mob. 5)
Paire de fous	● Oui	● Oui
Non développées	5 (● b1, ● c1, ● f1, ● a1, ● h1)	5 (● b8, ● c8, ● f8, ● a8, ● h8)

Sécurité du roi

	♔ Blancs	♚ Noirs
Statut	● Au centre	● Au centre
Droits de roque	O-O / O-O-O	O-O / O-O-O

Thèmes

	♔ Blancs	♚ Noirs
Phase	Ouverture
Centre	mobile
Ruptures	● d4-d5, ● e2-e4	● …c7-c5, ● …d7-d5, ● …e6-e5

A84l — Dutch: 2.c4 e6 3.Nf3 Nf6

1.d4 f5 2.c4 e6 3.Nf3 Nf6 * ○ Trait aux Blancs

Ouverture — Centre mobile

♔ Point de vue Blancs

8 7 6 5 4 3 2 1

abcdefgh

Plans. g3 (Préparer le fianchetto — 48 % des parties) ; Nc3 (Développer b1 — 36 % des parties) ; e3 (Libérer Bf1, préparer Bd3 — 6 % des parties).

♚ Point de vue Noirs

1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8

hgfedcba

Plans. ...d5 (Occuper le centre — 30 % des parties) ; ...Be7 (Fou actif (mobilité 5), Développer f8 — 28 % des parties) ; ...Bb4 (Fou actif (mobilité 9), Développer f8 — 14 % des parties) ; ...b6 (Préparer le fianchetto — 8 % des parties) ; ...c6 (Renforcer le centre — 8 % des parties).

Avantages

Faiblesses

Diagonale active

Plans

Partie
1903 RUS-ch03 – Round 1 – Rubinstein, Akiba – 0-1 – Rabinovich, Alexander – G1 1. d4 f5 2. c4 e6 3. Nf3 Nf6 4. e3 Be7 5. Nc3 b6 6. Bd3 Bb7 7. O-O O-O 8. b3 d6 9. Bb2 h6 10. Qe2 g5
1904 DSB-14.Kongress – Round 8 – Caro, Horatio – 1/2-1/2 – Suechting, Hugo – G41 1. Nf3 f5 2. d4 Nf6 3. c4 e6 4. a3 b6 5. Nc3 Bb7 6. Bg5 Be7 7. e3 O-O 8. Bxf6 Bxf6 9. Be2 Nc6 10. Rc1 Kh8
1922 Bad Pistyan – Round 18 – Saemisch, Friedrich – 0-1 – Alekhine, Alexander – G98 1. d4 f5 2. c4 e6 3. Nf3 Nf6 4. e3 b6 5. Bd3 Bb7 6. Nc3 Bb4 7. Bd2 O-O 8. Qc2 Bxc3 9. Bxc3 Ne4 10. O-O-O a5
1922 Bad Pistyan Breyer Memorial-A – Round 18 – Saemisch, Friedrich – 0-1 – Alekhine, Alexander – G54 1. d4 f5 2. c4 e6 3. Nf3 Nf6 4. e3 b6 5. Bd3 Bb7 6. Nc3 Bb4 7. Bd2 O-O 8. Qc2 Bxc3 9. Bxc3 Ne4 10. O-O-O a5
1924 New York – Round 1 – Capablanca, Jose – 1-0 – Tartakower, Savielly – G10 1. d4 e6 2. Nf3 f5 3. c4 Nf6 4. Bg5 Be7 5. Nc3 O-O 6. e3 b6 7. Bd3 Bb7 8. O-O Qe8 9. Qe2 Ne4 10. Bxe7 Nxc3
1924 New York, NY USA – Round ? – Capablanca, Jose – 1-0 – Tartakower, Savielly – G7 1. d4 f5 2. Nf3 e6 3. c4 Nf6 4. Bg5 Be7 5. Nc3 O-O 6. e3 b6 7. Bd3 Bb7 8. O-O Qe8 9. Qe2 Ne4 10. Bxe7 Nxc3
1926 Merano Meran ITA – Round 4 – Sacconi, Antonio – 0-1 – Tartakower, Savielly – G10 1. d4 e6 2. c4 f5 3. Nf3 Nf6 4. Bg5 Bb4+ 5. Nbd2 O-O 6. g3 h6 7. Bxf6 Qxf6 8. a3 Bxd2+ 9. Qxd2 b6 10. Bg2 Bb7
1927 Homburg – Round ? – Orbach Wilhelm – 0-1 – Tartakower, Savielly – G8 1. d4 f5 2. c4 e6 3. Nf3 Nf6 4. a3 b6 5. Bg5 Bb7 6. e3 Be7 7. Nc3 Ne4 8. Bxe7 Qxe7 9. Be2 Nxc3 10. bxc3 c5
1929 Barcelona – Round 7 – Vilardebo, Jose – 0-1 – Tartakower, Savielly – G13 1. d4 f5 2. c4 e6 3. Nf3 Nf6 4. Bg5 b6 5. e3 Bb7 6. Be2 Be7 7. Ne5 O-O 8. f3 Nh5 9. Bxe7 Qxe7 10. g3 d6
1931 Moskou ch-URS – Round 1 – Zamikhovsky, Abram – 0-1 – Ilyin Zhenevsky, Alexander – G33 1. d4 e6 2. c4 f5 3. Nf3 Nf6 4. e3 Bb4+ 5. Nbd2 O-O 6. Bd3 d6 7. O-O Bxd2 8. Qxd2 Qe8 9. Qc2 Nc6 10. a3 Qh5
1931 Praag olm – Round 1 – Marin y Llovet, Valentin – 0-1 – Berndtsson, Karl – G7 1. d4 f5 2. Nf3 Nf6 3. c4 e6 4. a3 b6 5. g3 Bb7 6. Bg2 Be7 7. O-O O-O 8. Nc3 d6 9. b3 Nbd7 10. Bb2 Qe8
1934 GER Ch 2nd – Round 17 – Hahn, Eduard – 1-0 – John, Walter – G33 1. d4 e6 2. c4 f5 3. Nf3 Nf6 4. a3 b6 5. g3 Bb7 6. Bg2 Be7 7. O-O O-O 8. b4 a5 9. b5 Ne4 10. Qc2 Bf6
1935 Warsaw ol Warsaw POL – Round ? – Sacconi, Antonio – 0-1 – Flohr, Salo – G42 1. d4 e6 2. c4 f5 3. Nf3 Nf6 4. Bg5 Bb4+ 5. Nbd2 O-O 6. g3 h6 7. Bxf6 Qxf6 8. Bg2 Nc6 9. e3 Be7 10. Qb3 d6
1939 Buenos Aires ol f-A – Round 12 – Fallet Kahn, Victor – 0-1 – Blanco Estera, Rafael – G226 1. d4 f5 2. c4 e6 3. Nf3 Nf6 4. e3 b6 5. Bd3 Bb7 6. O-O Bd6 7. Ne5 Bxe5 8. dxe5 Ng4 9. e4 Qh4 10. h3 Nxe5
1949 Mar del Plata – Round 8 – Gentil Le Roux, Loevan – 0-1 – Eliskases, Erich – G79 1. Nf3 f5 2. d4 Nf6 3. c4 e6 4. Bg5 Be7 5. Nc3 d5 6. c5 O-O 7. e3 c6 8. b4 Nbd7 9. Bf4 Ne4 10. Nxe4 fxe4
1951 Mar del Plata zt – Round 5 – Eliskases, Erich – 1/2-1/2 – Camara Dantas, Gabriel Diniz – G49 1. Nf3 f5 2. d4 Nf6 3. c4 e6 4. Bg5 Be7 5. Nc3 O-O 6. Bxf6 Bxf6 7. e4 d6 8. exf5 exf5 9. Qc2 c5 10. dxc5 dxc5
1959 OWL Ch – Round 10 – Hoffmann Bruno – 1/2-1/2 – Groenegress, Wilfried – G21 1. Nf3 f5 2. d4 Nf6 3. c4 e6 4. Bg5 Be7 5. Bxf6 Bxf6 6. Nc3 O-O 7. g3 d6 8. Bg2 c6 9. O-O e5 10. dxe5 dxe5
1961 Oberhausen etc – Round 1 – Pfeiffer, Gerhard – 1-0 – Matulovic, Milan – G11 1. d4 e6 2. c4 f5 3. Nf3 Nf6 4. e3 b6 5. Bd3 Bb7 6. O-O Be7 7. Qe2 O-O 8. b3 Qe8 9. Bb2 d6 10. Nc3 Qg6
1966 Oberhausen ol women – Round 7 – Heemskerk, Fenny – 0-1 – Kozlovskaya, Valentina – G34 1. d4 e6 2. Nf3 f5 3. c4 Nf6 4. Bf4 Be7 5. Nc3 O-O 6. h3 Ne4 7. e3 d5 8. Rc1 c6 9. Bd3 Nd7 10. O-O Qe8
TCh-RUS 2005 – Round 1 – Tregubov, Pavel V. – 1/2-1/2 – Moiseenko, Alexander – G5 1. d4 e6 2. c4 f5 3. Nf3 Nf6 4. Qc2 Nc6 5. Nc3 Bb4 6. e3 O-O 7. Bd3 Bxc3+ 8. bxc3 b6 9. O-O Bb7 10. Nd2 Ne7
World Blitz 2018 – Round 3.30 – Oparin, Grigoriy – 1-0 – Tsoi, Dmitry – G163 1. Nf3 f5 2. c4 Nf6 3. d4 e6 4. e3 d5 5. Be2 c6 6. O-O Bd6 7. b3 Qe7 8. a4 O-O 9. Ba3 Nbd7 10. Bxd6 Qxd6
World Rapid 2016 – Round 10.41 – Salinas Herrera, Pablo – 0-1 – Agdestein, Simen – G397 1. Nf3 e6 2. d4 f5 3. c4 Nf6 4. e3 Bb4+ 5. Nbd2 O-O 6. Bd3 d5 7. O-O c6 8. Ne5 Nbd7 9. cxd5 cxd5 10. Ndf3 Ne4

A84l — Dutch (1903)

1.d4 f5 2.c4 e6 3.Nf3 Nf6

Les coups candidats

4.g3 — 48.4% (5159 parties) →

Ambassadeurs : Gleizerov, Evgeny (35x), Naumkin, Igor (28x), Ulybin, Mikhail (17x), Karlsson, Lars 1937 (17x), Manakova, Maria (13x), Cebalo, Miso (9x), Petursson, Margeir (8x), Roos, Jean-Luc (8x)

4.Nc3 — 35.7% (3805 parties) →

Ambassadeurs : Gleizerov, Evgeny (21x), Williams, Simon K (9x), Vyzmanavin, Alexey (8x), Kopsa, Petri (8x), Parkkinen, Jyrki (8x), Jasnikowski, Zbigniew (7x), Levitina, Irina (6x), Dreev, Aleksey (6x)

4.e3 — 5.5% (583 parties)

Ambassadeurs : Bue, Gunnar (5x), Shumilov, Illya (3x), Brusi Noguera, Ricardo Ll. (3x), Kelly, Vilar (2x), Mecking, Henrique (2x), Aseev, Konstantin N (2x), Lada, Marek (2x), Panchenko, Alexandar G (2x)

4.Bg5 — 4.6% (493 parties)

Ambassadeurs : Von Koenen, Hermann (3x), Zalys, Ignas (2x), Chromekova, Natalia (2x), Reuter, Klaus (2x), Jacob, Sydney J (2x), Corominas Garrido, Jordi (2x), Djurisic, Dusan (2x), Pajdla, Pavel (1x)

Analyse statistique des coups candidats

Répartition par niveau Elo (% des parties)

Tranche Elo	N parties	4.g3	4.Nc3	4.e3	4.Bg5
<1800	975	33%	45%	7%	8%
1800-2200	4895	47%	38%	5%	5%
2200-2600	3151	61%	27%	5%	1%
2600+	41	46%	37%	7%	—

Évolution par décennie (% des parties)

Décennie	N parties	4.g3	4.Nc3	4.e3	4.Bg5
1950s	85	61%	29%	2%	5%
1960s	114	61%	29%	6%	3%
1970s	154	62%	27%	6%	3%
1980s	479	63%	26%	4%	3%
1990s	1987	49%	36%	5%	6%
2000s	2928	42%	40%	6%	5%
2010s	3819	46%	37%	6%	4%
2020s	1099	60%	26%	4%	2%

Tendances récentes (2010s → 2020s)

Coup	2010s	2020s	Δ
4.g3	46%	60%	▲ +13.3%
4.Nc3	37%	26%	▼ -11.0%
4.e3	6%	4%	▼ -1.6%
4.Bg5	4%	2%	▼ -1.9%

Joueurs célèbres

Champions du monde dans cette position

Tal, Mikhail — 4 parties
Carlsen, Magnus — 2 parties
Hou, Yifan — 2 parties
Gukesh D — 2 parties
Karpov, Anatoly — 1 partie
Ju, Wenjun — 1 partie

Parties historiques

4.g3 — 48.4% (5159 parties)

1950 — Sanguinetti, Ricardo vs Maderna, Carlos — 1-0 — Mar del Plata ARG
1951 — Andrich, Alexander vs Ivkov, Bojidar — 0-1 — Sarajevo BIH
1951 — Keres, Paul Petrovich vs Bronstein, David I — 1-0 — Training game
1951 — Giustolisi, Alberto vs Sanz, Joel — 1-0 — Madrid ESP
1952 — Brilla-Banfalvi, Sandor vs Kenez, Pal — 1-0 — Paloc beker corr

4.Nc3 — 35.7% (3805 parties)

1950 — Karff, Mona M vs Grushkova, Bellska Nina — 1/2-1/2 — Ch World (match-tournament) (
1950 — Primavera, Roberto vs Steiner, Herman — 0-1 — Venice ITA
1950 — Engalicev, Nicolas vs Staldi, Cherubino — 1-0 — Sorrento
1950 — Zografakis, Aristidis vs Sakellaropoulos, Theodoros — 1-0 — Athens GRE
1950 — Zografakis, Aristidis vs Mastichiadis, Fotis — 1/2-1/2 — Athens GRE

4.e3 — 5.5% (583 parties)

1950 — Hagemann, Fritz vs Christoph, Manfred, Dr. — 1/2-1/2 — Detmold
1954 — Nielsen, Axel vs Pedersen, Henry — 1/2-1/2 — radio
1961 — Pfeiffer, Gerhard vs Matulovic, Milan — 1-0 — Oberhausen etc
1963 — Boehlig, Heinz, Dr. vs Bruechner, Siegfried — 1-0 — Leipzig GER
1964 — Bjornsson, Tomas vs Kulur, Coskun — 1/2-1/2 — Tel Aviv ISR

4.Bg5 — 4.6% (493 parties)

1951 — Eliskases, Erich vs Dantas, Neimar de Oliveira — 1/2-1/2 — Mar del Plata ARG
1956 — Myszkowski, F. vs Zalys, Ignas — 0-1 — Montreal ch CAN op
1958 — Barth, Henry vs Zalys, Ignas — 0-1 — Winnipeg CAN
1959 — Hoffmann Bruno vs Groenegress, Wilfried — 1/2-1/2 — Lippstadt GER
1961 — Fowell, Richard vs Blackstone, John — 0-1 — San Jose, CA USA

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