A90c — Dutch: 2.c4 Nf6 3.g3 e6 4.Nf3

1.d4 f5 2.c4 Nf6 3.g3 e6 4.Nf3 * ● Trait aux Noirs

Ouverture — Centre semi-ouvert

♔ Point de vue Blancs

8 7 6 5 4 3 2 1

abcdefgh

Avantages : case forte d4, case forte f4, case forte e5, case forte g5, paire de fous.
Faiblesses adverses : Bc8 enfermé, Bf8 enfermé, roi noir au centre.
Problèmes : roi au centre, Bc1 enfermé, Bf1 enfermé, 5 pièces non développées (B1, C1, F1, A1, H1).
Plans :
● O-O — Mettre le roi en sécurité, connecter les tours
● e4 — Centre d4+e4, menace e5, libère Bf1
● Nc3 — Développer Nb1
● Bg5 — Clouer Nf6
● h3 — Empêcher ...Bg4

♚ Point de vue Noirs

1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8

hgfedcba

Avantages : case forte e4, case forte g4, avant-poste g4(C), paire de fous.
Faiblesses adverses : Bc1 enfermé, Bf1 enfermé, roi blanc au centre.
Problèmes : roi au centre, Bc8 enfermé, Bf8 enfermé, 5 pièces non développées (B8, C8, F8, A8, H8).
Plans :
● O-O — Mettre le roi en sécurité, connecter les tours
● ...d6 — Libérer Bc8
● ...Nc6 — Développer Nb8
● ...Be7 — Développer Bf8
● ...Bg4 — Clouer Nf3

Avantages

Faiblesses adverses

Diagonale active

Plans

Structure de pions

A90c —

1.d4 f5 2.c4 Nf6 3.g3 e6 4.Nf3

Eval: [+0.47]

Les coups candidats

4…d5 — 37.4% (1990 parties) →

Ambassadeurs : Gleizerov, Evgeny (36x), Ulybin, Mikhail (19x), Karlsson, Lars 1937 (8x), Voyska, Margarita (8x), Vaisser, Anatoly (8x), Lyell, Mark (8x), Glek, Igor (7x), Vihinen, Teemu (7x)

4…Be7 — 31.5% (1676 parties)

Ambassadeurs : Naumkin, Igor (13x), Roos, Jean-Luc (8x), Bischoff, Klaus (7x), Zalys, Ignas (6x), Burmeister, Rick (6x), Pres, Grigorij (5x), Meessen, Rudolf (5x), Fleischer, Frank (5x)

4…c6 — 10.5% (559 parties)

Ambassadeurs : Iljushin, Alexei (9x), Moskalenko, Viktor (6x), Zatonskih, Anna (4x), Kovacevic, Blazimir (4x), Akobian, Varuzhan (4x), Lehmann, Zoltan (4x), Risting, Eivind Olav (4x), Escofet, Jaime (4x)

4…Bb4+ — 9.7% (517 parties)

Ambassadeurs : Karlsson, Lars 1937 (9x), Naumkin, Igor (9x), Opocensky, Karel (4x), Groenegress, Wilfried (4x), Spielmann, Rudolf (3x), Stahlberg, Gideon (3x), Makarichev, Sergey (3x), Lerch, Martin (3x)

Analyse statistique des coups candidats

Répartition par niveau Elo (% des parties)

Tranche Elo	N parties	4…d5	4…Be7	4…c6	4…Bb4+
<1800	168	37%	32%	13%	5%
1800-2200	2136	35%	32%	10%	9%
2200-2600	2036	44%	27%	12%	9%
2600+	27	59%	19%	4%	4%

Évolution par décennie (% des parties)

Décennie	N parties	4…d5	4…Be7	4…c6	4…Bb4+
1890s	1	100%	—	—	—
1910s	1	100%	—	—	—
1920s	2	—	50%	—	—
1930s	21	—	24%	—	67%
1940s	24	4%	62%	—	21%
1950s	57	11%	61%	5%	19%
1960s	73	5%	67%	1%	15%
1970s	100	16%	53%	2%	21%
1980s	322	41%	31%	6%	14%
1990s	1014	40%	32%	12%	8%
2000s	1346	36%	31%	12%	9%
2010s	1887	40%	28%	12%	8%
2020s	468	38%	34%	6%	12%

Tendances récentes (2010s → 2020s)

Coup	2010s	2020s	Δ
4…d5	40%	38%	▼ -2.5%
4…Be7	28%	34%	▲ +6.3%
4…c6	12%	6%	▼ -5.5%
4…Bb4+	8%	12%	▲ +3.8%

Joueurs célèbres

Champions du monde dans cette position

Alekhine, Alexander — 3 parties
Botvinnik, Mikhail — 3 parties
Tal, Mikhail — 2 parties
Gukesh D — 2 parties
Karpov, Anatoly — 1 partie
Ju, Wenjun — 1 partie
Hou, Yifan — 1 partie

Parties historiques

4…d5 — 37.4% (1990 parties)

1898 — Lipke, Paul vs Walbrodt, Carl — 1/2-1/2 — Vienna AUT
1919 — Rubinstein, Akiba vs Flamberg, Alexander — 0-1 — Warszawa ch-city
1948 — Bruckner, Gerhard vs Watzl, Leopold — 0-1 — Bad Gastein
1951 — Andrich, Alexander vs Ivkov, Bojidar — 0-1 — Sarajevo BIH
1954 — Weigelt Horst vs Besser, Hans — 1/2-1/2 — Schkopau

4…Be7 — 31.5% (1676 parties)

1920 — Gruenfeld, Ernst vs Horowitz, Binyamin — 1-0 — Vienna AUT
1933 — Goglidze, Viktor vs Zubarev, Nikolay — 1/2-1/2 — Leningrad RUS
1934 — Herzog, Franz vs Flohr, Salo — 0-1 — Bad Liebenwerda
1936 — Fine, Richard Alvaro Adrien vs Alekhine, Alexander — 1/2-1/2 — Amsterdam NED
1938 — Bergqvist, Allan vs Johansson, Martin 1979 — 1-0 — Stockholm SWE

4…c6 — 10.5% (559 parties)

1951 — Giustolisi, Alberto vs Adserias Sanz, Juan — 1-0 — Madrid ESP
1954 — Borisenko, Georgy K vs Shamaev, Leonid — 1/2-1/2 — Leningrad RUS
1957 — Koska, Josef vs Novotny, Oldrich — 1-0 — Brno CZE
1967 — Popov, Luben vs Marić, Rudolf — 1/2-1/2 — Skopje MKD
1970 — Sahovic, Dragutin vs Marić, Rudolf — 1/2-1/2 — Yugoslavia

4…Bb4+ — 9.7% (517 parties)

1931 — Pirc, Vasja vs Spielmann, Rudolf — 0-1 — Rogatska Slatina
1931 — Stoltz, Gösta vs Spielmann, Rudolf — 1/2-1/2 — Bled SLO
1931 — Botvinnik, Mikhail vs Konstantinopolsky, Alexander — 0-1 — ?
1931 — Botvinnik, Mikhail vs Konstantinopolsky, Alexander — 0-1 — Moscow ch-SU sf
1933 — Stahlberg, Gideon vs Spielmann, Rudolf — 1-0 — Stockholm SWE

	♔ Blancs	♚ Noirs
Pions doublés	—	—
Pions isolés	—	—
Arriérés	—	—
Chaînes	● f2→g3, h2→g3	● e6→f5, d7→e6
Passés	—	—
Majorité	—	—

Cases

	♔ Blancs	♚ Noirs
Cases fortes	● d4 (2v0), ● f4 (2v0), ● e5 (2v0), ● g5 (2v0)	● e4 (2v0), ● g4 (2v0)
Cases faibles	—	—
Centre	● d4 (2v0), ● e5 (2v0)	● d5 (2v1), ● e4 (2v0)

Colonnes et diagonales

♔ Blancs

♚ Noirs

Pièces

	♔ Blancs	♚ Noirs
Bc1	● Bc1 Non développé (mob. 5)
Bf1	● Bf1 Non développé (mob. 2)
Bc8		● Bc8 Non développé (mob. 0)
Bf8		● Bf8 Non développé (mob. 5)
Paire de fous	● Oui	● Oui
Non développées	5 (b1, c1, f1, a1, h1)	5 (b8, c8, f8, a8, h8)

Sécurité du roi

	♔ Blancs	♚ Noirs
Statut	● Au centre !	● Au centre !
Droits de roque	O-O / O-O-O	O-O / O-O-O

Thèmes

	♔ Blancs	♚ Noirs
Phase	Ouverture
Centre	semi-ouvert
Ruptures	● c4-c5, ● d4-d5, ● e2-e3	● …c7-c6, ● …c7-c5, ● …d7-d6, ● …d7-d5, ● …e6-e5, ● …f5-f4

Partie
1931 Bled – Round 1 – Stoltz, Gösta – 1/2-1/2 – Spielmann, Rudolf – G51 1. d4 e6 2. c4 f5 3. Nf3 Nf6 4. g3 Bb4+ 5. Bd2 Bxd2+ 6. Qxd2 d6 7. Nc3 O-O 8. Bg2 Nc6 9. O-O e5 10. d5 Ne7
1935 BCF Ch 28th – Round 7 – Davey, Stanley Clifford – 1-0 – Saunders, Harold – G18 1. d4 e6 2. c4 f5 3. Nf3 Nf6 4. g3 Bb4+ 5. Bd2 Bxd2+ 6. Qxd2 O-O 7. Nc3 c5 8. Rd1 cxd4 9. Nxd4 a6 10. Nxe6 1-0
1936 Munich ol (Men) – Round 14 – Oien Olsen, Gjoran – 0-1 – Tot, Bora – G37 1. d4 f5 2. c4 e6 3. Nf3 Nf6 4. g3 Bb4+ 5. Bd2 Bxd2+ 6. Nbxd2 O-O 7. Bg2 d6 8. O-O Qe7 9. Qc2 e5 10. e4 f4
1937 Kemeri – Round 1 – Feygin, Michael – 0-1 – Apscheneek, Fricis – G39 1. d4 e6 2. c4 f5 3. Nf3 Nf6 4. g3 g6 5. Bg2 d6 6. Nc3 Bg7 7. Qc2 O-O 8. O-O Nc6 9. Rd1 Kh8 10. d5 Nb4
1938 Praag ch CZE – Round ? – Schubert, Florian – 0-1 – Opocensky, Karel – G9 1. c4 e6 2. d4 f5 3. Nf3 Nf6 4. g3 Bb4+ 5. Bd2 Be7 6. Bc3 O-O 7. Bg2 d5 8. Nbd2 Qe8 9. O-O b6 10. Ne5 Bb7
1940 Buenos Aires – Round 1 – Iliesco – 1-0 – Benko, Francisco – G7 1. d4 e6 2. c4 f5 3. Nf3 Nf6 4. g3 b6 5. Bg2 Bb7 6. O-O Be7 7. Nc3 c6 8. d5 cxd5 9. Nd4 Bb4 10. Bg5 h6
1946 YUG Ch – Round 18 – Vukovic, Sava – 1-0 – Puc, Stojan – G24 1. d4 e6 2. c4 f5 3. Nf3 Nf6 4. g3 Bb4+ 5. Bd2 a5 6. Bg2 Nc6 7. O-O O-O 8. Bf4 Bd6 9. Bxd6 cxd6 10. d5 Ne7
1948 Karlovy Vary – Round 1 – Sajtar, Jaroslav – 1/2-1/2 – Opocensky, Karel – G9 1. d4 e6 2. c4 f5 3. Nf3 Nf6 4. g3 Bb4+ 5. Bd2 Be7 6. Bg2 d5 7. O-O O-O 8. Qc2 Ne4 9. Bf4 c6 10. Nc3 g5
1949 URS Ch, semi final – Round 1 – Novotelnov, Nikolai – 0-1 – Chistiakov, Alexander – G9 1. d4 e6 2. Nf3 f5 3. c4 Nf6 4. g3 Be7 5. Nc3 O-O 6. d5 exd5 7. cxd5 Ne4 8. Bg2 Nxc3 9. bxc3 Bf6 10. Bb2 Na6
1953 Mar del Plata – Round 1 – Cuellar Gacharna, Miguel – 0-1 – Guimard, Carlos E – G12 1. d4 e6 2. c4 f5 3. Nf3 Nf6 4. g3 Bb4+ 5. Bd2 Be7 6. Bg2 O-O 7. Nc3 d5 8. O-O c6 9. Qb3 Kh8 10. Rad1 Qe8
1956 Copenhagen – Round 1 – Nielsen, Axel – 1/2-1/2 – Pedersen, Eigil – G5 1. d4 f5 2. Nf3 Nf6 3. g3 e6 4. c4 Bb4+ 5. Nbd2 d5 6. Bg2 O-O 7. O-O c6 8. cxd5 exd5 9. Nb3 Bd6 10. Nc5 Ne4
1956 CSR Ch – Round 8 – Pithart, Frantisek – 1/2-1/2 – Opocensky, Karel – G67 1. c4 e6 2. Nf3 f5 3. d4 Nf6 4. g3 Bb4+ 5. Bd2 Be7 6. Bg2 O-O 7. Nc3 d6 8. Qc2 d5 9. b3 a5 10. O-O Ne4
1956 Montreal – Round 1 – Fuster, Geza – 0-1 – Mednis, E. – G5 1. d4 e6 2. c4 f5 3. Nf3 Nf6 4. g3 Bb4+ 5. Nbd2 O-O 6. Bg2 d6 7. O-O Bxd2 8. Qxd2 Qe7 9. b4 e5 10. Bb2 Nbd7
1958 BUL Ch – Round ? – Bobotsov, Milko G – 1-0 – Chaprazov Ivan – G1 1. c4 f5 2. d4 Nf6 3. Nf3 e6 4. g3 Bb4+ 5. Nbd2 O-O 6. Bg2 d5 7. O-O c6 8. a3 Be7 9. b4 Ne4 10. Ne5 Nd7
1960 Moscow-Leningrad m – Round 1.7 – Flohr, Salo – 1-0 – Shishkin, Vladimir – G22 1. Nf3 e6 2. d4 f5 3. c4 Nf6 4. g3 Bb4+ 5. Bd2 Be7 6. Bg2 O-O 7. O-O d6 8. Nc3 Qe8 9. Qc2 Qh5 10. Rae1 Nc6
1960 OWL Ch – Round 10 – Latko, Wilhelm – 0-1 – Groenegress, Wilfried – G19 1. c4 e6 2. g3 f5 3. d4 Nf6 4. Nf3 Bb4+ 5. Bd2 Qe7 6. a3 Bxd2+ 7. Nbxd2 O-O 8. e3 d6 9. Bg2 e5 10. d5 f4
1961 Stockholm – Round ? – Tal, Mikhail – 1-0 – Akerlind Nielsen, Melvin – G9 1. d4 e6 2. c4 f5 3. Nf3 Nf6 4. g3 b6 5. Bg2 Bb7 6. O-O Be7 7. d5 O-O 8. Nd4 c5 9. Nc2 Qc8 10. Nc3 e5
1962 Vrnjacka Banja – Round 8 – Sokolov, Vladimir – 0-1 – Cetkovic, Miodrag – G78 1. d4 e6 2. c4 f5 3. Nf3 Nf6 4. g3 Bb4+ 5. Nbd2 b6 6. Bg2 Bb7 7. O-O O-O 8. a3 Bxd2 9. Qxd2 Nc6 10. b4 Ne7
1963 Zonal Enschede NED – Round 10 – Popov, Luben – 1-0 – Heidenfeld, Wolfgang – G10 1. d4 e6 2. c4 f5 3. Nf3 Nf6 4. g3 Bb4+ 5. Nbd2 O-O 6. Bg2 d6 7. O-O Qe8 8. Nb3 Qa4 9. a3 Ba5 10. Nxa5 Qxa5
1965 Asztalos Memorial 8th – Round 1 – Gasztonyi, Endre – 1/2-1/2 – Sliwa, Bogdan – G3 1. d4 e6 2. c4 f5 3. Nf3 Nf6 4. g3 Bb4+ 5. Nbd2 b6 6. Bg2 Bb7 7. O-O O-O 8. Ne5 Bxg2 9. Kxg2 d6 10. Nd3 Bxd2
1966 Tbilisi ch-URS – Round 17 – Gufeld, Eduard – 1-0 – Doroshkievich, Vladimir K – G151 1. d4 e6 2. c4 f5 3. Nf3 Nf6 4. g3 Bb4+ 5. Nbd2 b6 6. Bg2 Bb7 7. O-O O-O 8. a3 Be7 9. b4 Qe8 10. Bb2 Qh5
1968 Monte Carlo – Round 11 – Uhlmann, Wolfgang – 1/2-1/2 – Botvinnik, Mikhail – G67 1. d4 e6 2. c4 f5 3. g3 Nf6 4. Nf3 Be7 5. d5 Bb4+ 6. Bd2 Qe7 7. dxe6 Bxd2+ 8. Qxd2 dxe6 9. Nc3 Nc6 10. Bg2 O-O
1969 Steinheim ch OWL – Round 6 – Oestreich, Reinhard – 1/2-1/2 – Groenegress, Wilfried – G7 1. d4 f5 2. c4 Nf6 3. Nf3 e6 4. g3 Bb4+ 5. Bd2 Qe7 6. Bg2 O-O 7. O-O Bxd2 8. Qxd2 Ne4 9. Qc2 d6 10. Nc3 Nxc3
1970 Vinkovci – Round 1 – Bertok, Mario – 0-1 – Larsen, Bent – G20 1. d4 e6 2. c4 f5 3. Nf3 Nf6 4. g3 Bb4+ 5. Nbd2 b6 6. Bg2 Bb7 7. O-O O-O 8. Qc2 a5 9. Ne1 Bxg2 10. Nxg2 Nc6
1975 URS Team Ch – Round 1 – Litynska, Marta – 1-0 – Ranniku, Maaja – G4 1. c4 f5 2. d4 e6 3. Nf3 Nf6 4. g3 Bb4+ 5. Bd2 a5 6. Bg2 O-O 7. O-O d5 8. Ne5 Be7 9. Bc3 b6 10. Nd2 Bb7

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