E68a — King’s Indian: Fianchetto, Classical, 8.e4

1.d4 Nf6 2.c4 g6 3.Nc3 Bg7 4.Nf3 d6 5.g3 O-O 6.Bg2 Nbd7 7.O-O e5 8.e4 ● Trait aux Noirs

Ouverture — Centre fermé

♔ Point de vue Blancs

8 7 6 5 4 3 2 1

abcdefgh

Plan principal. Exploiter la case forte b5….

Atouts. Les Blancs s'appuient sur les cases fortes b5, d5 et g5 et la paire de fous.

Côté adverse. Les fous enfermés en g7 et c8.

En contrepartie. Plusieurs pièces dorment encore (le fou c1 et la tour a1).

Plans. Bg5 (Clouer Nf6) ; h3 (Empêcher ...Bg4).

♚ Point de vue Noirs

1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8

hgfedcba

Plan principal. Jeu au centre (rupture c7-c6).

Atouts. Les Noirs s'appuient sur la paire de fous.

Côté adverse. Les fous enfermés en c1 et g2.

En contrepartie. Plusieurs pièces dorment encore (le fou c8 et la tour a8).

Plans. ...c6 (Rupture) ; ...c5 (Rupture) ; ...d5 (Rupture).

Avantages

Faiblesses adverses

Diagonale active

Plans

Structure de pions

	♔ Blancs	♚ Noirs
Pions doublés	—	—
Pions isolés	—	—
Arriérés	—	—
Chaînes	● f2→g3, h2→g3	● d6→e5, c7→d6, f7→g6, h7→g6
Passés	—	—
Majorité	—	—

Cases

	♔ Blancs	♚ Noirs
Cases fortes	● b5 (2v0), ● d5 (3v1), ● g5 (2v0)	—
Cases faibles	—	—
Centre	● d4 (2v1), ● d5 (3v1)	—

Colonnes et diagonales

♔ Blancs

♚ Noirs

Pièces

	♔ Blancs	♚ Noirs
Bc1	● Bc1 Non développé (mob. 5)
Bg2	● Bg2 Enfermé (mob. 2)
Bg7		● Bg7 Enfermé (mob. 2)
Bc8		● Bc8 Non développé (mob. 0)
Paire de fous	● Oui	● Oui
Non développées	2 (● c1, ● a1)	2 (● c8, ● a8)

Sécurité du roi

	♔ Blancs	♚ Noirs
Statut	● Roqué	● Roqué
Droits de roque	—	—

Thèmes

	♔ Blancs	♚ Noirs
Phase	Ouverture
Centre	fermé
Ruptures	● c4-c5, ● d4-d5	● …c7-c6, ● …c7-c5, ● …d6-d5

Partie
1922 Londen – Round 1 – Rubinstein, Akiba – 1/2-1/2 – Reti, Richard – G3 1. d4 Nf6 2. Nf3 d6 3. c4 Nbd7 4. Nc3 e5 5. g3 g6 6. Bg2 Bg7 7. O-O O-O 8. e4 b6 9. h3 Bb7 10. d5 Nh5
1933 Folkestone Olympiad V – Round 14.4 – Luckis, Marcos – 0-1 – Alexander, Conol Hugh – G48 1. d4 Nf6 2. Nf3 g6 3. c4 Bg7 4. g3 d6 5. Bg2 O-O 6. Nc3 Nbd7 7. O-O e5 8. e4 Ne8 9. b3 f5 10. exf5 gxf5
1937 Parnu – Round 7 – Schmidt, Pascal – 1/2-1/2 – Tartakower, Savielly – G22 1. d4 Nf6 2. Nf3 g6 3. c4 Bg7 4. g3 O-O 5. Bg2 d6 6. Nc3 Nbd7 7. O-O e5 8. e4 a5 9. b3 Re8 10. Bb2 exd4
1938 Plymouth Jubilee – Round 2 – Bruce, Ronald MacKay – 0-1 – Menchik, Vera – G5 1. Nf3 Nf6 2. c4 g6 3. g3 Bg7 4. Bg2 O-O 5. O-O d6 6. d4 Nbd7 7. Nc3 e5 8. e4 h6 9. h3 b6 10. Qc2 Bb7
1939 USA Ch New York, NY USA – Round 1 – Ulvestad, Olaf – 0-1 – Santasiere, Anthony – G9 1. Nf3 Nf6 2. c4 g6 3. Nc3 Bg7 4. e4 d6 5. d4 Nbd7 6. g3 O-O 7. Bg2 e5 8. O-O a5 9. Bg5 h6 10. Be3 b6
1941 Mar del Plata – Round 13 – Bolbochan, J. – 1-0 – Iliesco, Juan – G102 1. c4 Nf6 2. Nf3 g6 3. Nc3 Bg7 4. g3 O-O 5. Bg2 d6 6. d4 Nbd7 7. O-O e5 8. e4 b6 9. b3 Bb7 10. Qc2 Re8
1945 Moscow RUS – Round 16 – Alatortsev, Vladimir N. – 1-0 – Liublinsky, Victor – G19 1. d4 Nf6 2. c4 g6 3. Nc3 Bg7 4. g3 O-O 5. Bg2 d6 6. Nf3 Nbd7 7. O-O e5 8. e4 a5 9. Re1 h6 10. h3 Kh7
1945 Tbilisi – Round 1 – Buslaev, Alexander – 1/2-1/2 – Petrosian, Tigran A. – G1 1. c4 e5 2. Nc3 Nf6 3. Nf3 d6 4. d4 Nbd7 5. e4 g6 6. g3 Bg7 7. Bg2 O-O 8. O-O a5 9. h3 Re8 10. Be3 exd4
1946 Buenos Aires ch-ARG – Round 1 – Sanguinetti, Renato – 1-0 – Piazzini – G20 1. d4 Nf6 2. c4 g6 3. Nc3 Bg7 4. e4 d6 5. Nf3 O-O 6. g3 Nbd7 7. Bg2 e5 8. O-O a5 9. h3 exd4 10. Nxd4 Nc5
1950 Moskou ch-URS – Round 1 – Mikenas, Vladas – 1-0 – Petrosian, Tigran A. – G56 1. d4 Nf6 2. c4 g6 3. Nc3 Bg7 4. Nf3 d6 5. g3 O-O 6. Bg2 Nbd7 7. O-O e5 8. e4 a5 9. h3 exd4 10. Nxd4 Nc5
1951 DDR Ch – Round 16 – Platz, Hans – 1-0 – Hunte, Hugo – G39 1. d4 Nf6 2. c4 d6 3. Nc3 g6 4. Nf3 Bg7 5. g3 Nbd7 6. Bg2 O-O 7. O-O e5 8. e4 c5 9. dxe5 dxe5 10. Qc2 Qe7
1954 Amsterdam olm – Round 1 – Botvinnik, Mikhail – 1-0 – Salo, Tapio – G161 1. Nf3 Nf6 2. c4 g6 3. d4 Bg7 4. g3 O-O 5. Bg2 d6 6. Nc3 Nbd7 7. O-O e5 8. e4 a5 9. Be3 Re8 10. h3 exd4
1954 Olympiad final B – Round 1 – O'Kelly de Galway, Alberic – 1/2-1/2 – Salo, Tapio – G16 1. d4 Nf6 2. c4 g6 3. g3 Bg7 4. Bg2 O-O 5. Nf3 d6 6. O-O Nbd7 7. Nc3 e5 8. e4 a5 9. h3 exd4 10. Nxd4 Nc5
1955 Novi Sad – Round 1 – Lukic, Arsenije – 1/2-1/2 – Trajkovic, Mihajlo – G14 1. d4 Nf6 2. Nf3 d6 3. g3 g6 4. Bg2 Bg7 5. O-O O-O 6. c4 Nbd7 7. Nc3 e5 8. e4 Nb6 9. b3 Bg4 10. dxe5 Nfd7
1957 Reggio Emilia ch ITA – Round 11 – Norcia, Federico – 1-0 – Palmiotto, Fiorentino – G40 1. d4 Nf6 2. c4 g6 3. Nf3 d6 4. Nc3 Bg7 5. g3 Nbd7 6. Bg2 e5 7. O-O O-O 8. e4 a5 9. b3 exd4 10. Nxd4 Nc5
1958 Munich olm fin-B – Round 7 – Catozzi, Henry – 0-1 – Joyner, Lionel – G62 1. c4 Nf6 2. Nc3 g6 3. g3 Bg7 4. Bg2 O-O 5. e3 e5 6. Nge2 d6 7. d4 Nbd7 8. O-O Re8 9. e4 exd4 10. Nxd4 Nc5
1959 Practice – Round ? – Collins, Paul H – 0-1 – Collins, Richard Arnold – G11 1. d4 Nf6 2. c4 g6 3. g3 d6 4. Bg2 Bg7 5. Nf3 O-O 6. O-O Nbd7 7. e3 e5 8. Nc3 Re8 9. e4 exd4 10. Nxd4 Nc5
1962 URU Ch – Round 4 – Bauza, Lorenzo – 1-0 – Elemberg, Norberto – G6 1. d4 Nf6 2. c4 g6 3. g3 Bg7 4. Bg2 O-O 5. Nf3 d6 6. O-O Nbd7 7. Nc3 e5 8. e4 h6 9. h3 Re8 10. Re1 exd4
1964 Capablanca Memorial – Round 1 – Bielicki, Carlos – 1/2-1/2 – Letelier Martner, Rene – G12 1. d4 Nf6 2. c4 g6 3. g3 Bg7 4. Bg2 d6 5. Nc3 O-O 6. Nf3 Nbd7 7. O-O e5 8. e4 Ng4 9. h3 exd4 10. Nxd4 Nge5
1968 Ybbs – Round 1 – Vukic, Maroje – 1-0 – Schoeneberg, Manfred – G1 1. d4 d6 2. Nf3 Nf6 3. g3 g6 4. Bg2 Bg7 5. O-O O-O 6. c4 Nbd7 7. Nc3 e5 8. e4 a5 9. h3 exd4 10. Nxd4 Nc5
1970 Belgrade URS-World – Round 4.1 – Larsen, Bent – 1-0 – Stein, Leon Rico – G36 1. Nf3 Nf6 2. g3 g6 3. Bg2 Bg7 4. c4 O-O 5. O-O d6 6. d4 Nbd7 7. Nc3 e5 8. e4 exd4 9. Nxd4 Re8 10. Re1 Ng4
1970 Palma de Mallorca Interzonal – Round 15 – Filip, Miroslav – 1/2-1/2 – Minic, Dragoljub – G262 1. Nf3 Nf6 2. d4 g6 3. g3 Bg7 4. Bg2 O-O 5. O-O d6 6. c4 Nbd7 7. Nc3 e5 8. e4 c6 9. Rb1 Qe7 10. b3 Ne8
1970 Palma de Mallorca Interzonal – Round 5 – Panno, Oscar – 1-0 – Ujtumen, Tudev – G125 1. d4 Nf6 2. c4 g6 3. Nc3 Bg7 4. g3 O-O 5. Bg2 d6 6. Nf3 Nbd7 7. O-O e5 8. e4 h6 9. h3 Kh7 10. Be3 Ng8
1972 Skopje ol (Men) fin-A – Round 1 – Ribli, Zoltan – 1/2-1/2 – Tal, Mihail – G422 1. Nf3 Nf6 2. c4 g6 3. g3 Bg7 4. Bg2 O-O 5. d4 d6 6. Nc3 Nbd7 7. O-O e5 8. e4 c6 9. Rb1 a6 10. Qc2 b5
1973 Leningrad Interzonal – Round 3 – Cuellar Alpire, Mariana – 0-1 – Gligoric, Sofija – G70 1. d4 Nf6 2. Nf3 g6 3. g3 Bg7 4. Bg2 O-O 5. O-O d6 6. c4 Nbd7 7. Nc3 e5 8. e4 exd4 9. Nxd4 Re8 10. h3 Nc5
1974 Manila – Round 2 – Petrosian, Tigran V. – 1-0 – Quinteros, Miguel Angel – G33 1. d4 g6 2. c4 Bg7 3. Nc3 d6 4. Nf3 Nd7 5. g3 e5 6. Bg2 Ngf6 7. O-O O-O 8. e4 Re8 9. h3 exd4 10. Nxd4 Nc5
1974 Manila – Round 2 – Petrosian, Tigran V. – 1-0 – Quinteros, Miguel Angel – G34 1. d4 g6 2. c4 Bg7 3. Nc3 d6 4. Nf3 Nd7 5. g3 e5 6. Bg2 Ngf6 7. O-O O-O 8. e4 Re8 9. h3 exd4 10. Nxd4 Nc5
1975 URS Team Ch – Round 1 – Slutzky, Leonid – 1/2-1/2 – Lutikov, Anatoly S – G570 1. Nf3 Nf6 2. c4 g6 3. g3 Bg7 4. Bg2 O-O 5. O-O d6 6. d4 Nbd7 7. Nc3 e5 8. e4 c6 9. Rb1 a6 10. dxe5 dxe5
Tata Steel India Blitz 2022 – Round 8.2 – Gukesh D – 1-0 – Praggnanandhaa R – G36 1. Nf3 Nf6 2. g3 g6 3. Bg2 Bg7 4. O-O O-O 5. c4 d6 6. d4 Nbd7 7. Nc3 e5 8. e4 b6 9. Re1 exd4 10. Nxd4 Bb7

E68a — Fianchetto Classical

1.d4 Nf6 2.c4 g6 3.Nc3 Bg7 4.Nf3 d6 5.g3 O-O 6.Bg2 Nbd7 7.O-O e5 8.e4

Les coups candidats

8…c6 — 46.2% (9337 parties) →

Ambassadeurs : ? (37x), Geller, Efim P. (28x), Bronstein, David I (20x), Uhlmann, Wolfgang (20x), Marovic, Drazen (19x), Conterno, Dominique (19x), Najdorf, Miguel (18x), Portisch, Lajos (18x)

8…exd4 — 30.3% (6132 parties) →

Ambassadeurs : Ilincic, Zlatko (35x), Gallagher, Joseph G. (28x), Yurtaev, Leonid (23x), Van Wely, Loek (22x), Tregubov, Pavel V. (22x), Nikolic, Predrag (17x), Petrushin, Alexander I (16x), Maltsevskaya, Aleksandra (16x)

8…Re8 — 9.5% (1930 parties) →

Ambassadeurs : Boleslavsky, Isaac (15x), Naiditsch, Arkadij (10x), Lilienthal, Andor (9x), Najdorf, Miguel (8x), Bronstein, David I (6x), Eliskases, Erich (6x), Kristiansen, Jens (6x), Frolov, Artur (6x)

8…a6 — 8.8% (1779 parties) →

Ambassadeurs : Vogt, Lothar (20x), Kochyev, Alexander (19x), Gallagher, Joseph G. (17x), Knaak, Rainer (16x), Tratar, Marko (11x), Polzin, Rainer (10x), Heinig, Wolfram, Dr. (10x), Eidelson, Rakhil (9x)

Analyse statistique des coups candidats

Répartition par niveau Elo (% des parties)

Tranche Elo	N parties	8…c6	8…exd4	8…Re8	8…a6
<1800	278	36%	31%	11%	5%
1800-2200	5390	45%	29%	12%	7%
2200-2600	10727	45%	34%	7%	11%
2600+	293	33%	42%	10%	14%

Évolution par décennie (% des parties)

Décennie	N parties	8…c6	8…exd4	8…Re8	8…a6
1870s	1	100%	—	—	—
1920s	5	—	20%	60%	—
1930s	26	19%	23%	38%	—
1940s	139	42%	14%	40%	—
1950s	553	46%	31%	20%	0%
1960s	485	79%	11%	7%	0%
1970s	665	64%	14%	13%	6%
1980s	1224	60%	19%	8%	10%
1990s	4661	50%	30%	8%	6%
2000s	4615	41%	30%	9%	14%
2010s	6265	44%	34%	9%	9%
2020s	1572	32%	41%	13%	7%

Tendances récentes (2010s → 2020s)

Coup	2010s	2020s	Δ
8…c6	44%	32%	▼ -11.7%
8…exd4	34%	41%	▲ +7.3%
8…Re8	9%	13%	▲ +4.6%
8…a6	9%	7%	▼ -1.8%

Joueurs célèbres

Champions du monde dans cette position

Smyslov, Vladimir — 10 parties
Botvinnik, Mikhail — 10 parties
Euwe, Max — 10 parties
Tal, Mikhail — 10 parties
Kasparov, Garry — 10 parties
Ju, Wenjun — 10 parties
Karpov, Anatoly — 8 parties
Gukesh D — 7 parties
Karpov, Aleksandr — 5 parties
Ding, Liren — 4 parties
Kramnik, Vladimir — 2 parties
Carlsen, Magnus — 2 parties
Hou, Yifan — 2 parties
Anand, Viswanathan — 1 partie

Parties historiques

8…c6 — 46.2% (9337 parties)

1871 — Jankovec, Ivan vs Liebert, Heinz — 1-0 — Havirov CZE
1938 — Pogrebissky, Iosif vs Bohatyrchuk, Fedir Parfenovych — 1/2-1/2 — Kiev UKR
1938 — Yudovich, Mikhail M vs Duz-Khotimirsky, Fedor Ivanovich — 1/2-1/2 — URS-ch sf Kiev UKR
1938 — Yudovich M. vs Duz-Hotimirski F. — 1/2-1/2 — Kiev UKR
1938 — Kotov, Alexander vs Bohatyrchuk, Fedir Parfenovych — 1/2-1/2 — URS-ch sf Kiev UKR

8…exd4 — 30.3% (6132 parties)

1923 — Bogoljubow, Efim vs Selezniev, Alexey — 1-0 — Maehrisch Ostrau
1935 — Bolbochan, Jacobo vs Dobkin, Yosef — 1/2-1/2 — Warsaw POL
1935 — Wood, Baruch vs Reshevsky, Samuel — 0-1 — Great Yarmouth
1935 — Reilly, Brian Patrick vs Grob, Henry — 1-0 — Warsaw POL
1936 — Alatortsev, Vladimir N. vs Chekhover, Vitaly — 0-1 — Leningrad RUS

8…Re8 — 9.5% (1930 parties)

1920 — Hakansson, Arthur vs Johner, Paul — 0-1 — Goteborg SWE
1925 — Bogoljubow, Efim vs Ilyin Zhenevsky, Alexander — 1-0 — Leningrad RUS
1928 — Kan, Ilya A vs Panov, Aleksandr I. — 0-1 — Moscow RUS
1932 — Buerger, Victor vs Landau, Salo — 1-0 — St Johns Wood
1935 — Fine, Reuben vs Naegeli, Oskar — 1-0 — 6th Olympiad

8…a6 — 8.8% (1779 parties)

1954 — Streater, RF. vs Phillips, Alan — 0-1 — Nottingham ch-BCF
1954 — Watts, Harold H vs Phillips, Alan — 0-1 — Nottingham/ Nottinghamshire
1960 — Aguayo Morales, Salvador Santiago vs Baswedan — 1/2-1/2 — Leipzig ol fin-C
1973 — Young, JohnJoseph vs Bonner, Gerald — 1/2-1/2 — Bearsden SCO
1975 — Keske, Art vs Zageris, Art — 1-0 — Cardinal Open,OH

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