E68a — King’s Indian: Fianchetto, Classical, 8.e4

1.d4 Nf6 2.c4 g6 3.Nc3 Bg7 4.Nf3 d6 5.g3 O-O 6.Bg2 Nbd7 7.O-O e5 8.e4 ● Trait aux Noirs

Ouverture — Centre fermé

♔ Point de vue Blancs

8 7 6 5 4 3 2 1

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Plan principal. Attaque sur l'aile roi (h3 dans 42 % des parties).

Atouts. Les Blancs s'appuient sur un contrôle dominant de b5, d5 et g5.

En contrepartie. Plusieurs pièces dorment encore (le fou c1 et la tour a1).

Plans. h3 (Empêcher ...Bg4 — 42 % des parties) ; Re1 (8 % des parties) ; b3 (Préparer le fianchetto — 7 % des parties).

♚ Point de vue Noirs

1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8

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Plan principal. Jeu sur l'aile dame (...c6 dans 46 % des parties).

En contrepartie. Plusieurs pièces dorment encore (le fou c8 et la tour a8).

Plans. ...c6 (Renforcer le centre — 46 % des parties) ; ...exd4 (Capture en d4, Occuper le centre — 31 % des parties) ; ...Re8 (10 % des parties) ; ...a6 (Préparer expansion aile dame — 9 % des parties).

Avantages

Faiblesses

Diagonale active

Plans

Structure de pions

	♔ Blancs	♚ Noirs
Pions doublés	—	—
Pions isolés	—	—
Arriérés	—	—
Chaînes	● f2→g3, h2→g3	● d6→e5, c7→d6, f7→g6, h7→g6
Passés	—	—
Majorité	—	—

Cases

	♔ Blancs	♚ Noirs
Cases fortes	● b5 (2v0), ● d5 (3v1), ● g5 (2v0)	—
Cases faibles	—	—
Centre	● d4 (2v1), ● d5 (3v1)	—

Colonnes et diagonales

♔ Blancs

♚ Noirs

Pièces

	♔ Blancs	♚ Noirs
Bc1	● Bc1 Non développé (mob. 5)
Bg2	● Bg2 Ok (mob. 2)
Bg7		● Bg7 Ok (mob. 2)
Bc8		● Bc8 Non développé (mob. 0)
Paire de fous	● Oui	● Oui
Non développées	2 (● c1, ● a1)	2 (● c8, ● a8)

Sécurité du roi

	♔ Blancs	♚ Noirs
Statut	● Roqué	● Roqué
Droits de roque	—	—

Thèmes

	♔ Blancs	♚ Noirs
Phase	Ouverture
Centre	fermé
Ruptures	● c4-c5	● …c7-c5, ● …d6-d5

Partie
1922 Londen – Round 1 – Rubinstein, Akiba – 1/2-1/2 – Reti, Richard – G3 1. d4 Nf6 2. Nf3 d6 3. c4 Nbd7 4. Nc3 e5 5. g3 g6 6. Bg2 Bg7 7. O-O O-O 8. e4 b6 9. h3 Bb7 10. d5 Nh5
1933 Folkestone Olympiad V – Round 14.4 – Luckis, Marcos – 0-1 – Alexander, Conol Hugh – G48 1. d4 Nf6 2. Nf3 g6 3. c4 Bg7 4. g3 d6 5. Bg2 O-O 6. Nc3 Nbd7 7. O-O e5 8. e4 Ne8 9. b3 f5 10. exf5 gxf5
1937 Parnu – Round 7 – Schmidt, Pascal – 1/2-1/2 – Tartakower, Savielly – G22 1. d4 Nf6 2. Nf3 g6 3. c4 Bg7 4. g3 O-O 5. Bg2 d6 6. Nc3 Nbd7 7. O-O e5 8. e4 a5 9. b3 Re8 10. Bb2 exd4
1938 Plymouth Jubilee – Round 2 – Bruce, Ronald MacKay – 0-1 – Menchik, Vera – G5 1. Nf3 Nf6 2. c4 g6 3. g3 Bg7 4. Bg2 O-O 5. O-O d6 6. d4 Nbd7 7. Nc3 e5 8. e4 h6 9. h3 b6 10. Qc2 Bb7
1939 USA Ch New York, NY USA – Round 1 – Ulvestad, Olaf – 0-1 – Santasiere, Anthony – G9 1. Nf3 Nf6 2. c4 g6 3. Nc3 Bg7 4. e4 d6 5. d4 Nbd7 6. g3 O-O 7. Bg2 e5 8. O-O a5 9. Bg5 h6 10. Be3 b6
1941 Mar del Plata – Round 13 – Bolbochan, J. – 1-0 – Iliesco, Juan – G102 1. c4 Nf6 2. Nf3 g6 3. Nc3 Bg7 4. g3 O-O 5. Bg2 d6 6. d4 Nbd7 7. O-O e5 8. e4 b6 9. b3 Bb7 10. Qc2 Re8
1945 Moscow RUS – Round 16 – Alatortsev, Vladimir N. – 1-0 – Liublinsky, Victor – G19 1. d4 Nf6 2. c4 g6 3. Nc3 Bg7 4. g3 O-O 5. Bg2 d6 6. Nf3 Nbd7 7. O-O e5 8. e4 a5 9. Re1 h6 10. h3 Kh7
1945 Tbilisi – Round 1 – Buslaev, Alexander – 1/2-1/2 – Petrosian, Tigran A. – G1 1. c4 e5 2. Nc3 Nf6 3. Nf3 d6 4. d4 Nbd7 5. e4 g6 6. g3 Bg7 7. Bg2 O-O 8. O-O a5 9. h3 Re8 10. Be3 exd4
1946 Buenos Aires ch-ARG – Round 1 – Sanguinetti, Renato – 1-0 – Piazzini – G20 1. d4 Nf6 2. c4 g6 3. Nc3 Bg7 4. e4 d6 5. Nf3 O-O 6. g3 Nbd7 7. Bg2 e5 8. O-O a5 9. h3 exd4 10. Nxd4 Nc5
1950 Moskou ch-URS – Round 1 – Mikenas, Vladas – 1-0 – Petrosian, Tigran A. – G56 1. d4 Nf6 2. c4 g6 3. Nc3 Bg7 4. Nf3 d6 5. g3 O-O 6. Bg2 Nbd7 7. O-O e5 8. e4 a5 9. h3 exd4 10. Nxd4 Nc5
1951 DDR Ch – Round 16 – Platz, Hans – 1-0 – Hunte, Hugo – G39 1. d4 Nf6 2. c4 d6 3. Nc3 g6 4. Nf3 Bg7 5. g3 Nbd7 6. Bg2 O-O 7. O-O e5 8. e4 c5 9. dxe5 dxe5 10. Qc2 Qe7
1954 Amsterdam olm – Round 1 – Botvinnik, Mikhail – 1-0 – Salo, Tapio – G161 1. Nf3 Nf6 2. c4 g6 3. d4 Bg7 4. g3 O-O 5. Bg2 d6 6. Nc3 Nbd7 7. O-O e5 8. e4 a5 9. Be3 Re8 10. h3 exd4
1954 Olympiad final B – Round 1 – O'Kelly de Galway, Alberic – 1/2-1/2 – Salo, Tapio – G16 1. d4 Nf6 2. c4 g6 3. g3 Bg7 4. Bg2 O-O 5. Nf3 d6 6. O-O Nbd7 7. Nc3 e5 8. e4 a5 9. h3 exd4 10. Nxd4 Nc5
1955 Novi Sad – Round 1 – Lukic, Arsenije – 1/2-1/2 – Trajkovic, Mihajlo – G14 1. d4 Nf6 2. Nf3 d6 3. g3 g6 4. Bg2 Bg7 5. O-O O-O 6. c4 Nbd7 7. Nc3 e5 8. e4 Nb6 9. b3 Bg4 10. dxe5 Nfd7
1957 Reggio Emilia ch ITA – Round 11 – Norcia, Federico – 1-0 – Palmiotto, Fiorentino – G40 1. d4 Nf6 2. c4 g6 3. Nf3 d6 4. Nc3 Bg7 5. g3 Nbd7 6. Bg2 e5 7. O-O O-O 8. e4 a5 9. b3 exd4 10. Nxd4 Nc5
1962 URU Ch – Round 4 – Bauza, Lorenzo – 1-0 – Elemberg, Norberto – G6 1. d4 Nf6 2. c4 g6 3. g3 Bg7 4. Bg2 O-O 5. Nf3 d6 6. O-O Nbd7 7. Nc3 e5 8. e4 h6 9. h3 Re8 10. Re1 exd4
1964 Capablanca Memorial – Round 1 – Bielicki, Carlos – 1/2-1/2 – Letelier Martner, Rene – G12 1. d4 Nf6 2. c4 g6 3. g3 Bg7 4. Bg2 d6 5. Nc3 O-O 6. Nf3 Nbd7 7. O-O e5 8. e4 Ng4 9. h3 exd4 10. Nxd4 Nge5
1968 Ybbs – Round 1 – Vukic, Maroje – 1-0 – Schoeneberg, Manfred – G1 1. d4 d6 2. Nf3 Nf6 3. g3 g6 4. Bg2 Bg7 5. O-O O-O 6. c4 Nbd7 7. Nc3 e5 8. e4 a5 9. h3 exd4 10. Nxd4 Nc5
1970 Palma de Mallorca Interzonal – Round 5 – Panno, Oscar – 1-0 – Ujtumen, Tudev – G125 1. d4 Nf6 2. c4 g6 3. Nc3 Bg7 4. g3 O-O 5. Bg2 d6 6. Nf3 Nbd7 7. O-O e5 8. e4 h6 9. h3 Kh7 10. Be3 Ng8
Tata Steel India Blitz 2022 – Round 8.2 – Gukesh D – 1-0 – Praggnanandhaa R – G36 1. Nf3 Nf6 2. g3 g6 3. Bg2 Bg7 4. O-O O-O 5. c4 d6 6. d4 Nbd7 7. Nc3 e5 8. e4 b6 9. Re1 exd4 10. Nxd4 Bb7

E68a — Fianchetto, Classical (1922)

1.d4 Nf6 2.c4 g6 3.Nc3 Bg7 4.Nf3 d6 5.g3 O-O 6.Bg2 Nbd7 7.O-O e5 8.e4

Les coups candidats

8…c6 — 45.6% (9389 parties) →

Ambassadeurs : ? (38x), Geller, Efim P. (24x), Marovic, Drazen (21x), Miguel, Nahuel (19x), Portisch, Lajos (19x), Senzacqua, Fabrizio (19x), Jansa, Vlastimil (17x), Donner, Jan-Hein (17x)

8…exd4 — 30.7% (6334 parties) →

Ambassadeurs : Gallagher, Joseph G. (29x), Yurtaev, Leonid (23x), Petrushin, Alexander I (22x), Van Wely, Loek (22x), Maltsevskaya, Aleksandra (22x), Tregubov, Pavel V. (16x), Nikolic, Predrag (14x), Abramovic, Bosko (13x)

8…Re8 — 9.6% (1985 parties) →

Ambassadeurs : Kristiansen, Jens (10x), Naiditsch, Arkadij (7x), Boleslavsky, Isaac (6x), Bronstein, David I (6x), Donner, Jan-Hein (5x), Kalinitschew, Sergey (5x), Frolov, Artur (5x), Nalbandian, Tigran (4x)

8…a6 — 8.8% (1812 parties) →

Ambassadeurs : Vogt, Lothar (21x), Knaak, Rainer (17x), Kochyev, Alexander (17x), Gallagher, Joseph G. (13x), Mamedov, Rauf (9x), Weindl, Alfred (7x), Polzin, Rainer (7x), Vorobiov, Evgeny E. (7x)

Analyse statistique des coups candidats

Répartition par niveau Elo (% des parties)

Tranche Elo	N parties	8…c6	8…exd4	8…Re8	8…a6
<1800	704	41%	29%	11%	6%
1800-2200	6663	43%	30%	12%	7%
2200-2600	10348	44%	33%	8%	11%
2600+	254	31%	42%	10%	15%

Évolution par décennie (% des parties)

Décennie	N parties	8…c6	8…exd4	8…Re8	8…a6
1950s	553	46%	31%	19%	0%
1960s	483	79%	11%	7%	0%
1970s	669	64%	14%	13%	6%
1980s	1231	60%	19%	8%	10%
1990s	4683	50%	30%	8%	6%
2000s	4630	41%	30%	9%	14%
2010s	6336	43%	34%	9%	9%
2020s	2027	28%	41%	16%	7%

Tendances récentes (2010s → 2020s)

Coup	2010s	2020s	Δ
8…c6	43%	28%	▼ -15.1%
8…exd4	34%	41%	▲ +7.0%
8…Re8	9%	16%	▲ +7.4%
8…a6	9%	7%	▼ -2.4%

Joueurs célèbres

Champions du monde dans cette position

Botvinnik, Mikhail — 10 parties
Tal, Mikhail — 10 parties
Kasparov, Garry — 10 parties
Karpov, Anatoly — 10 parties
Ju, Wenjun — 10 parties
Gukesh D — 7 parties
Ding, Liren — 4 parties
Smyslov, Vladimir — 2 parties
Kramnik, Vladimir — 2 parties
Carlsen, Magnus — 2 parties
Hou, Yifan — 2 parties
Anand, Viswanathan — 1 partie

Parties historiques

8…c6 — 45.6% (9389 parties)

1950 — Szabo, Laszlo vs Lilienthal, Andor — 0-1 — Budapest HUN
1950 — Smyslov, Vasily vs Primavera, Giuseppe — 1-0 — Venice ITA
1950 — Eken, Max vs Bosch van Rosenthal, Edzard — 1-0 — Amsterdam ch-NED
1950 — Pirc, Dora vs Skold, Kent-Ake — 1-0 — YUG-Sweden
1950 — GIDEON SUNDAY vs Boleslavsky, Isaac — 1/2-1/2 — Budapest HUN

8…exd4 — 30.7% (6334 parties)

1950 — Kottnauer, Cenek vs EDEN GLORY — 0-1 — Schiavno Zdroj
1950 — Donner, Jan-Hein vs Paoli, Enrico — 1-0 — Venice ITA
1950 — Gligoric, Svetozar vs Czerniak, Moshe — 1-0 — Mar del Plata ARG
1950 — Eken, Max vs Skold, Kristian — 1-0 — Dubrovnik olm
1950 — Morcken, Otto B vs Busek, Hans — 1/2-1/2 — Dubrovnik olm

8…Re8 — 9.6% (1985 parties)

1950 — Boulahanis, Ioannis vs Palda, Karl — 1/2-1/2 — Dubrovnik CRO
1950 — Bronstein, David I vs Boleslavsky, Isaac — 1/2-1/2 — Moscow RUS
1950 — Eken, Max vs Gligoric, Sofija — 1/2-1/2 — Amsterdam NED
1950 — Pirc, Vasja vs Rossolimo, Nicolas — 1-0 — Mar del Plata ARG
1950 — Konstantinopolsky, Alexander vs Boleslavsky, Isaac — 1-0 — Moscow RUS

8…a6 — 8.8% (1812 parties)

1954 — Watts, Harold H vs Phillips, Alan — 0-1 — Nottingham/ Nottinghamshire
1954 — Streater, RF. vs Phillips, Alan — 0-1 — Nottingham ch-BCF
1960 — Morales Flamenco, Santiago Mathias vs Baswedan, Abubakar — 1/2-1/2 — ?
1973 — Young, JohnJoseph vs Bonner, Gerald — 1/2-1/2 — Bearsden SCO
1975 — Vaganian, Rafael A vs Bronstein, David I — 1-0 — Vilnius LTU

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