Structure de pions

	♔ Blancs	♚ Noirs
Pions doublés	—	—
Pions isolés	—	—
Arriérés	—	—
Chaînes	● f2→e3, e3→d4	● d7→e6, f7→e6
Passés	—	—
Majorité	—	—

Cases

	♔ Blancs	♚ Noirs
Cases fortes	● f4 (2v0), ● b5 (2v0)	—
Cases faibles	—	—
Centre	● d4 (3v1), ● e5 (1v0)	—

Colonnes et diagonales

♔ Blancs

♚ Noirs

Pièces

	♔ Blancs	♚ Noirs
Bc1	● Bc1 Non développé (mob. 1)
Bf1	● Bf1 Non développé (mob. 0)
Bb4		● Bb4 Ok (mob. 3)
Bc8		● Bc8 Non développé (mob. 0)
Paire de fous	● Oui	● Oui
Clouages	● knight c3	—
Non développées	4 (● c1, ● f1, ● a1, ● h1)	4 (● b8, ● c8, ● a8, ● h8)

Sécurité du roi

	♔ Blancs	♚ Noirs
Statut	● Au centre	● Au centre
Droits de roque	O-O / O-O-O	O-O / O-O-O

Thèmes

	♔ Blancs	♚ Noirs
Phase	Ouverture
Centre	mobile
Ruptures	● d4-d5	● …d7-d5, ● …e6-e5

E42a — Nimzo-Indian: 4.e3 c5 5.Ne2

1.d4 Nf6 2.c4 e6 3.Nc3 Bb4 4.e3 c5 5.Ne2 * ● Trait aux Noirs

Ouverture — Centre mobile

♔ Point de vue Blancs

8 7 6 5 4 3 2 1

abcdefgh

Plans. a3 (Préparer expansion aile dame — 36 % des parties).

♚ Point de vue Noirs

1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8

hgfedcba

Plans. ...cxd4 (Capture en d4, Occuper le centre — 61 % des parties) ; ...d5 (Occuper le centre — 16 % des parties) ; ...b6 (Préparer le fianchetto — 12 % des parties) ; ...O-O (Mettre le roi en sécurité, connecter les tours — 6 % des parties).

Avantages

Faiblesses

Diagonale active

Plans

Partie
1937 Kemeri – Round 1 – Landau, Salo – 1-0 – Ozols, Karlis – G47 1. d4 Nf6 2. c4 e6 3. Nc3 Bb4 4. e3 c5 5. Ne2 Nc6 6. a3 Bxc3+ 7. Nxc3 cxd4 8. exd4 d5 9. c5 O-O 10. Be2 e5
1949 BRA Ch – Round ? – Cruz, Walter – 1-0 – Dantas, Nelson – G10 1. d4 Nf6 2. c4 e6 3. Nc3 Bb4 4. e3 c5 5. Ne2 Ne4 6. Qc2 f5 7. a3 Qa5 8. Rb1 Bxc3+ 9. Nxc3 Nxc3 10. Bd2 cxd4
1949 Oldenburg – Round 8 – Bogoljubow, Efim – 1-0 – Walther, Edgar – G28 1. d4 Nf6 2. c4 e6 3. Nc3 Bb4 4. e3 c5 5. Ne2 O-O 6. a3 Bxc3+ 7. Nxc3 cxd4 8. exd4 d5 9. Bg5 dxc4 10. Bxc4 Nbd7
1950 Hungary – Round 1 – Vajda, Albert – 1/2-1/2 – Balogh, Janos – G29 1. d4 Nf6 2. c4 e6 3. Nc3 Bb4 4. e3 c5 5. Ne2 Nc6 6. dxc5 Bxc5 7. Nf4 O-O 8. Be2 Qe7 9. O-O Rd8 10. b3 b6
1951 YUG Ch 6th – Round 9 – Andric, Dragoslav – 1-0 – Puc, Stojan – G46 1. d4 Nf6 2. c4 e6 3. Nc3 Bb4 4. e3 c5 5. Ne2 O-O 6. a3 Bxc3+ 7. Nxc3 d6 8. Be2 Qe7 9. O-O Nc6 10. d5 exd5
1952 Belgrade – Round 1 – Bogoljubow, Efim – 1-0 – Huicab Puc, Angel Gamaliel – G4 1. d4 Nf6 2. c4 e6 3. Nc3 Bb4 4. e3 c5 5. Ne2 b6 6. a3 Ba5 7. Rb1 Qe7 8. g3 Bb7 9. d5 exd5 10. Bg2 Ne4
1952 Hollywood – Round 1 – Joyner, Lionel – 1-0 – Dake, Arthur William – G18 1. d4 Nf6 2. c4 e6 3. Nc3 Bb4 4. e3 c5 5. Ne2 b6 6. a3 Ba5 7. Rb1 Nc6 8. d5 exd5 9. cxd5 Bxc3+ 10. bxc3 Na5
1952 Liberation – Round 5 – O'Kelly, Albéric de Galway – 1/2-1/2 – Puc, Stojan – G24 1. d4 Nf6 2. c4 e6 3. Nc3 Bb4 4. e3 c5 5. Ne2 b6 6. a3 Ba5 7. Rb1 Qe7 8. Qa4 Nc6 9. Bd2 Bxc3 10. Bxc3 Ne4
1952 Miedzyzdroje – Round 9 – Makarczyk, Kazimierz – 0-1 – Balanel, Ion – G53 1. d4 Nf6 2. c4 e6 3. Nc3 Bb4 4. e3 c5 5. Ne2 Ne4 6. Qc2 f5 7. a3 Qa5 8. axb4 Qxa1 9. Nxe4 fxe4 10. bxc5 Nc6
1953 Mar del Plata – Round 3 – Wexler, Bernardo – 0-1 – Cuellar Gacharna, Miguel – G49 1. d4 Nf6 2. c4 e6 3. Nc3 Bb4 4. e3 c5 5. Ne2 Ne4 6. f3 Nxc3 7. Nxc3 Nc6 8. d5 Ne5 9. f4 Ng6 10. Be2 Bxc3+
1953 Zagreb – Round 4 – Dimc, Dragutin – 1-0 – Puc, Stojan – G46 1. d4 Nf6 2. c4 e6 3. Nc3 Bb4 4. e3 c5 5. Ne2 b6 6. a3 Ba5 7. Rb1 Nc6 8. d5 exd5 9. cxd5 Bxc3+ 10. Nxc3 Ne5
1955 Hamburg – Round 1 – Darga, Klaus – 1/2-1/2 – Golombek, Harry – G4 1. d4 Nf6 2. c4 e6 3. Nc3 Bb4 4. e3 c5 5. Ne2 b6 6. a3 Ba5 7. Bd2 Bb7 8. b4 cxb4 9. Nb5 Qe7 10. Qb3 Na6
1955 Wroclaw – Round 1 – Makarczyk, Kazimierz – 0-1 – Kwilecki, Andrzej – G11 1. d4 Nf6 2. c4 e6 3. Nc3 Bb4 4. e3 c5 5. Ne2 d6 6. a3 Ba5 7. Qc2 Nc6 8. Bd2 O-O 9. O-O-O Qe7 10. Kb1 a6
1956 URS Ch sf – Round ? – Novotelnov, Nikolai – 1-0 – Geller, Alexander – G43 1. d4 Nf6 2. c4 e6 3. Nc3 Bb4 4. e3 c5 5. Ne2 O-O 6. a3 cxd4 7. axb4 dxc3 8. Nxc3 d5 9. b3 b6 10. Be2 Bb7
1957 CSR Ch – Round 9 – Dolezal, Jiri – 1-0 – Kozma, Edmund – G35 1. d4 Nf6 2. c4 e6 3. Nc3 Bb4 4. e3 c5 5. Ne2 O-O 6. a3 cxd4 7. axb4 dxc3 8. Nxc3 d5 9. cxd5 exd5 10. Be2 Nc6
1957 Dublin zt – Round 11 – Van Scheltinga, Theo – 1-0 – Conrady, Alphonse – G85 1. d4 Nf6 2. c4 e6 3. Nc3 Bb4 4. e3 c5 5. Ne2 b6 6. a3 Bxc3+ 7. Nxc3 Bb7 8. dxc5 bxc5 9. Qd6 Na6 10. f3 Rc8
1957 Sofia zt Sofia BUL – Round 1 – Beni, Alfred – 1-0 – Mititelu, Gheorghe – G19 1. d4 Nf6 2. c4 e6 3. Nc3 Bb4 4. e3 c5 5. Ne2 O-O 6. a3 Bxc3+ 7. Nxc3 cxd4 8. exd4 d5 9. c5 Re8 10. Bb5 Bd7
1957 WchT U26 04th – Round 9.4 – Saidy, Anthony – 1-0 – Szabo, Iuliu inactive – G123 1. d4 Nf6 2. c4 e6 3. Nc3 Bb4 4. e3 c5 5. Ne2 Ne4 6. a3 Bxc3+ 7. Nxc3 Nxc3 8. bxc3 Nc6 9. dxc5 Qa5 10. Qc2 Qxc5
1958 Ch - CC – Round ? – Foley, Phil T – 1/2-1/2 – Blackstone, John – G8 1. d4 Nf6 2. c4 e6 3. Nc3 Bb4 4. e3 c5 5. Ne2 Ne4 6. a3 cxd4 7. exd4 Nxc3 8. Nxc3 Bxc3+ 9. bxc3 O-O 10. Bd3 d5
1958 Munich olm prel – Round 6 – Donner, Jan-Hein – 1-0 – Boutteville, Cesar – G132 1. d4 Nf6 2. c4 e6 3. Nc3 Bb4 4. e3 c5 5. Ne2 b6 6. a3 Bxc3+ 7. Nxc3 Bb7 8. d5 d6 9. e4 O-O 10. Bg5 Re8
1960 BUL-ch14 Sofia BUL – Round 19 – Milev, Zdravko – 1-0 – Pipkov, Ljuben – G73 1. d4 Nf6 2. c4 e6 3. Nc3 Bb4 4. e3 c5 5. Ne2 Ne4 6. Qc2 f5 7. a3 Bxc3+ 8. Nxc3 Nxc3 9. Qxc3 Qf6 10. b3 O-O
1960 BUL-ch14 Sofia BUL – Round 3 – Piskov, Kamen – 1/2-1/2 – Kolarov, Atanas S. – G9 1. d4 Nf6 2. c4 e6 3. Nc3 Bb4 4. e3 c5 5. Ne2 b6 6. a3 cxd4 7. exd4 Be7 8. d5 d6 9. g3 e5 10. Bg2 Bg4
1960 Leipzig olm fin-B – Round 3 – Petersen, Finn – 1/2-1/2 – Kaliwoda, Kurt – G31 1. d4 Nf6 2. c4 e6 3. Nc3 Bb4 4. e3 c5 5. Ne2 O-O 6. a3 Bxc3+ 7. Nxc3 b6 8. Be2 Bb7 9. O-O Na6 10. d5 exd5
1962 DDR-12ch – Round 4 – Golz, Werner – 0-1 – Handel, Horst – G10 1. c4 Nf6 2. Nc3 e6 3. d4 Bb4 4. e3 c5 5. Ne2 Ne4 6. Bd2 Nxd2 7. Qxd2 cxd4 8. exd4 O-O 9. a3 Be7 10. d5 e5
1962 Vrnjacka Banja – Round 1 – Gligoric, Sofija – 1-0 – Rajkovic, Aleksandar – G9 1. d4 Nf6 2. c4 e6 3. Nc3 Bb4 4. e3 c5 5. Ne2 b6 6. a3 Bxc3+ 7. Nxc3 Bb7 8. d5 O-O 9. Be2 b5 10. O-O bxc4
1963 Alekhine Memorial – Round 12 – Gligorić, Svetozar – 1-0 – Hort, Vlastimil – G80 1. d4 Nf6 2. c4 e6 3. Nc3 Bb4 4. e3 c5 5. Ne2 d6 6. a3 Ba5 7. Ng3 O-O 8. d5 Re8 9. Be2 Bxc3+ 10. bxc3 Qa5
1963 Leningrad Ch – Round ? – Karasev, Vladimir I – 1/2-1/2 – Aronson, Lev – G8 1. d4 Nf6 2. c4 e6 3. Nc3 Bb4 4. e3 c5 5. Ne2 O-O 6. a3 cxd4 7. axb4 dxc3 8. Nxc3 d5 9. cxd5 exd5 10. Be2 Be6
1964 ESP Ch 29th – Round 12 – Saborido Carre, Rafael – 1-0 – Bordell Rosell, Roman – G46 1. d4 Nf6 2. c4 e6 3. Nc3 Bb4 4. e3 c5 5. Ne2 b6 6. a3 Ba5 7. d5 exd5 8. cxd5 Ba6 9. Ng3 Bxf1 10. Kxf1 O-O
1965 Rio de Janeiro – Round 1 – Averbakh, Yuri L – 1-0 – Toth, Peter – G4 1. d4 Nf6 2. c4 e6 3. Nc3 Bb4 4. e3 c5 5. Ne2 b6 6. a3 Bxc3+ 7. Nxc3 O-O 8. d5 e5 9. e4 Ne8 10. h4 d6
1968 Copenhagen ch-DEN – Round 1 – Hvenekilde, Jorgen – 0-1 – Andersen, Borge – G10 1. d4 Nf6 2. c4 e6 3. Nc3 Bb4 4. e3 c5 5. Ne2 d6 6. Ng3 O-O 7. Be2 Qe7 8. O-O Nc6 9. Bf3 Bxc3 10. bxc3 e5
1968 Lugano SUI – Round 4 – Hort, Vlastimil – 1/2-1/2 – Jimenez Zerquera, Eleazar – G72 1. d4 Nf6 2. c4 e6 3. Nc3 Bb4 4. e3 c5 5. Ne2 b6 6. a3 Bxc3+ 7. Nxc3 O-O 8. Be2 Bb7 9. O-O d6 10. b4 Nbd7
1968 USA Open – Round 1 – Saidy, Anthony – 1-0 – Wilkerson, Max B – G9 1. d4 Nf6 2. c4 e6 3. Nc3 Bb4 4. e3 c5 5. Ne2 O-O 6. a3 cxd4 7. axb4 dxc3 8. Nxc3 Nc6 9. b5 Ne7 10. Be2 d5
1969 Buesum – Round 5 – Ghitescu, Theodor – 1/2-1/2 – Huebner, Robert – G24 1. d4 Nf6 2. c4 e6 3. Nc3 Bb4 4. e3 c5 5. Ne2 d6 6. a3 Ba5 7. Bd2 O-O 8. Qc2 Nc6 9. dxc5 dxc5 10. Ng3 Ne5
1969 ISL Ch Reykjavik ISL – Round 8 – Kristinsson, Jon – 0-1 – Olafsson, Fridrik – G9 1. d4 Nf6 2. c4 e6 3. Nc3 Bb4 4. e3 c5 5. Ne2 Ne4 6. f3 cxd4 7. exd4 Nxc3 8. bxc3 Be7 9. Ng3 O-O 10. Bd3 Nc6
1969 Schwerin – Round 10 – Golz, Werner – 0-1 – Espig, Lutz – G78 1. d4 Nf6 2. c4 e6 3. Nc3 Bb4 4. e3 c5 5. Ne2 Ne4 6. Bd2 Nxd2 7. Qxd2 cxd4 8. exd4 O-O 9. a3 Be7 10. g3 d6
1971 Hoogovens – Round 10 – Gligoric, Svetozar – 1-0 – Olafsson, Fridrik – G64 1. d4 Nf6 2. c4 e6 3. Nc3 Bb4 4. e3 c5 5. Ne2 Ne4 6. Qc2 cxd4 7. exd4 d5 8. a3 Nxc3 9. Nxc3 Be7 10. cxd5 exd5
1971 Moscow – Round 15 – Balashov, Yuri S – 1-0 – Olafsson, Fridrik – G73 1. d4 Nf6 2. c4 e6 3. Nc3 Bb4 4. e3 c5 5. Ne2 d6 6. a3 Ba5 7. g3 d5 8. dxc5 dxc4 9. Qxd8+ Kxd8 10. Bd2 e5
1972 San Antonio – Round ? – Evans, Larry M – 1-0 – Keres, Paul – G43 1. d4 Nf6 2. c4 e6 3. Nc3 Bb4 4. e3 c5 5. Ne2 d6 6. a3 Ba5 7. Rb1 Nc6 8. b4 Bc7 9. g3 a5 10. bxc5 dxc5
Amber-rapid 20th 2011 – Round 3 – Gelfand, Boris – 0-1 – Anand, Viswanathan – G7 1. d4 Nf6 2. c4 e6 3. Nc3 Bb4 4. e3 c5 5. Ne2 b6 6. a3 Ba5 7. Rb1 Na6 8. g3 Bb7 9. d5 b5 10. Bg2 bxc4
Euwe Memorial 1987 – Round ? – Korchnoi, Viktor – 1/2-1/2 – Van der Wiel, John T.H. – G8 1. d4 Nf6 2. c4 e6 3. Nc3 Bb4 4. e3 c5 5. Ne2 b6 6. a3 Ba5 7. Bd2 Ba6 8. Qa4 Bxc3 9. Nxc3 O-O 10. dxc5 bxc5
Investbanka 1997 – Round 4 – Lautier, Joel – 1-0 – Beliavsky, Alexander G – G10 1. d4 Nf6 2. c4 e6 3. Nc3 Bb4 4. e3 c5 5. Ne2 b6 6. a3 Ba5 7. Rb1 Na6 8. Qa4 Bb7 9. Bd2 Qe7 10. Ng3 Bxc3
Olympiad 2002 – Round 10 – Babula, Vlastimil – 0-1 – Graf, Adrian – G328 1. d4 Nf6 2. c4 e6 3. Nc3 Bb4 4. e3 c5 5. Ne2 b6 6. a3 Ba5 7. Rb1 Na6 8. Bd2 O-O 9. Ng3 Bb7 10. Bd3 d5
Turin ol (Men) 37th 2006 – Round 8 – Illescas Cordoba, Miguel – 1/2-1/2 – Gyimesi, Zoltan – G100 1. d4 Nf6 2. c4 e6 3. Nc3 Bb4 4. e3 c5 5. Ne2 b6 6. a3 Ba5 7. Rb1 Na6 8. Ng3 Bb7 9. Bd3 h5 10. d5 exd5
XXIII Rapid KO 2010 – Round 2.4 – Gelfand, Boris – 1-0 – Aronian, Levon – G14 1. d4 Nf6 2. c4 e6 3. Nc3 Bb4 4. e3 c5 5. Ne2 b6 6. a3 Ba5 7. Rb1 Na6 8. f3 O-O 9. d5 Nh5 10. g3 f5
XXIII Rapid KO 2010 – Round 2.5 – Gelfand, Boris – 1-0 – Aronian, Levon – G15 1. d4 Nf6 2. c4 e6 3. Nc3 Bb4 4. e3 c5 5. Ne2 b6 6. a3 Ba5 7. Rb1 Na6 8. g3 Bb7 9. d5 Ne4 10. Bg2 Bxc3+

E42a — Rubinstein System, Rubinstein Variation (1937)

1.d4 Nf6 2.c4 e6 3.Nc3 Bb4 4.e3 c5 5.Ne2

Les coups candidats

5…cxd4 — 53.8% (3294 parties)

Ambassadeurs : Vaisser, Anatoli (22x), Guliev, Sarhan (16x), Miles, Anthony J (15x), Van der Wiel, John T.H. (15x), Hoi, Carsten (13x), Gurevich, Dmitry (11x), Epishin, Vladimir (11x), Lautier, Joel (10x)

5…b6 — 17.9% (1096 parties)

Ambassadeurs : Gyimesi, Zoltan (11x), Psakhis, Lev (10x), Gurevich, Dmitry (10x), Peralta, Fernando (9x), Graf, Alexander (8x), Nguyen, Anh Dung (6x), Palac, Mladen (6x), Avotins, Maigonis (6x)

5…d5 — 15.3% (938 parties) →

Ambassadeurs : Hulak, Krunoslav (9x), Matanovic, Aleksandar (8x), Andersson, Ulf (8x), Vaisser, Anatoli (7x), Naumkin, Igor (6x), Botvinnik, Mikhail (5x), O'Kelly de Galway, Alberic (5x), Rellstab, Ludwig (5x)

5…O-O — 6.5% (400 parties)

Ambassadeurs : Gual Pascual, Antonio (3x), Okamura, Milton Kasuo (3x), Kaliwoda, Kurt (2x), Saidy, Anthony (2x), Lutikov, Anatoly S (2x), Inkiov, Ventzislav (2x), Sitnik, Igor (2x), Zanabili Al-Sibbai, Ahmed Amer (2x)

Analyse statistique des coups candidats

Répartition par niveau Elo (% des parties)

Tranche Elo	N parties	5…cxd4	5…b6	5…d5	5…O-O
<1800	130	41%	24%	14%	14%
1800-2200	1565	47%	19%	14%	11%
2200-2600	3446	57%	19%	14%	4%
2600+	180	64%	11%	20%	—

Évolution par décennie (% des parties)

Décennie	N parties	5…cxd4	5…b6	5…d5	5…O-O
1950s	154	36%	9%	33%	10%
1960s	143	43%	8%	31%	11%
1970s	193	53%	4%	22%	7%
1980s	778	70%	7%	17%	4%
1990s	1352	62%	15%	13%	5%
2000s	1379	53%	21%	14%	7%
2010s	1642	46%	27%	11%	7%
2020s	487	41%	16%	24%	7%

Tendances récentes (2010s → 2020s)

Coup	2010s	2020s	Δ
5…cxd4	46%	41%	▼ -5.3%
5…b6	27%	16%	▼ -11.1%
5…d5	11%	24%	▲ +12.7%
5…O-O	7%	7%	-0.1%

Joueurs célèbres

Champions du monde dans cette position

Karpov, Anatoly — 10 parties
Botvinnik, Mikhail — 7 parties
Kasparov, Garry — 7 parties
Anand, Viswanathan — 7 parties
Tal, Mikhail — 2 parties
Carlsen, Magnus — 2 parties
Karpov, Aleksandr — 1 partie
Kramnik, Vladimir — 1 partie

Parties historiques

5…cxd4 — 53.8% (3294 parties)

1951 — Germek, Milan vs Gligoric, Svetozar — 1-0 — Sarajevo BIH
1951 — Kashdan, Isaac vs Gonzalez, Juan Dr — 0-1 — Forth Worth
1951 — Donner, Jan-Hein vs Kramer, Haije — 1/2-1/2 — Bad Pyrmont GER
1951 — Gligoric, Sofija vs Broadbent, Reginald — 1-0 — Birmingham ENG
1952 — Kramer Jernej vs Stumpers, Louis — 1-0 — Enschede ch-NLD

5…b6 — 17.9% (1096 parties)

1951 — Fuderer, Andrija vs Goedde, Ernst — 0-1 — Dortmund GER
1952 — O'Kelly, Albéric de Galway vs Puc, Stojan — 1/2-1/2 — Belgrade SRB
1952 — Joyner, Lionel vs Dake, Arthur William — 1-0 — Hollywood
1952 — Bogoljubow, Efim vs Puc, Stojan — 1-0 — Belgrade SRB
1952 — Nedeljkovic, Srecko M vs Germek, Milan — 1/2-1/2 — It Belgrade YUG

5…d5 — 15.3% (938 parties)

1950 — Fine, Reuben vs Rashevsky, Mykhailo — 0-1 — New York, NY USA
1950 — O'Kelly de Galway, Alberic vs Matanovic, Aleksandar — 1/2-1/2 — Bled SLO
1951 — Matanovic, Aleksandar vs Golombek, Harry — 0-1 — Zonal Bad Pyrmont GER
1951 — Abdi, Andreas vs Matanovic, Aleksandar — 1/2-1/2 — Ljubljana
1951 — Evans, Larry vs Smith, Kenneth — 1-0 — Forth Worth

5…O-O — 6.5% (400 parties)

1951 — Abdi, Andreas vs Puc, Stojan — 1-0 — Ljubljana
1951 — Eken, Max vs Van Oosterwijk, Bruyn — 1-0 — Utrecht NED
1952 — Mueller, Kai vs Ramm, F. — 1-0 — Helsinki FIN
1952 — Muller, Kaden vs Johansson, Ingemar 1966 — 0-1 — Helsinki olm
1956 — Novotelnov, Nikolai vs Geller, Alexander — 1-0 — Leningrad RUS

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