E39a — Nimzo-Indian: Classical, Pirc Variation

1.d4 Nf6 2.c4 e6 3.Nc3 Bb4 4.Qc2 c5 5.dxc5 O-O ○ Trait aux Blancs

Ouverture — Centre mobile

♔ Point de vue Blancs

8 7 6 5 4 3 2 1

abcdefgh

Plans. a3 (Préparer expansion aile dame — 60 % des parties) ; Nf3 (Développer g1 — 26 % des parties) ; Bf4 (Fou actif (mobilité 10), Développer c1 — 6 % des parties).

♚ Point de vue Noirs

1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8

hgfedcba

Plans. ...Bxc5 (Fou actif (mobilité 8) — 68 % des parties) ; ...Na6 (Développer b8 — 26 % des parties).

Avantages

Faiblesses

Diagonale active

Plans

Structure de pions

	♔ Blancs	♚ Noirs
Pions doublés	● c4, ● c5	—
Pions isolés	—	—
Arriérés	—	● d7
Chaînes	—	● d7→e6, f7→e6
Passés	—	—
Majorité	● aile dame 4v2	—

Cases

	♔ Blancs	♚ Noirs
Cases fortes	● e4 (2v1), ● b5 (2v0)	—
Cases faibles	—	—
Centre	● e4 (2v1)	—

Colonnes et diagonales

	♔ Blancs	♚ Noirs
Semi-ouvertes	● d	● c

Pièces

	♔ Blancs	♚ Noirs
Bc1	● Bc1 Non développé (mob. 5)
Bf1	● Bf1 Non développé (mob. 0)
Bb4		● Bb4 Actif (mob. 4)
Bc8		● Bc8 Non développé (mob. 0)
Paire de fous	● Oui	● Oui
Clouages	● knight c3	—
Non développées	5 (● g1, ● c1, ● f1, ● a1, ● h1)	3 (● b8, ● c8, ● a8)

Sécurité du roi

	♔ Blancs	♚ Noirs
Statut	● Au centre	● Roqué
Droits de roque	O-O / O-O-O	—

Thèmes

	♔ Blancs	♚ Noirs
Phase	Ouverture
Centre	mobile
Ruptures	● c5-c6	● …d7-d6, ● …d7-d5

Partie
1950 Amsterdam – Round 7 – Reshevsky, Samuel – 1-0 – Rossolimo, Nicolas – G82 1. d4 Nf6 2. c4 e6 3. Nc3 Bb4 4. Qc2 c5 5. dxc5 O-O 6. e3 Bxc5 7. Nf3 Nc6 8. Be2 d5 9. O-O dxc4 10. Bxc4 e5
1950 Candidats Tournament – Round 14 – Boleslavsky, Isaac – 1-0 – Lilienthal, Andor – G61 1. d4 Nf6 2. c4 e6 3. Nc3 Bb4 4. Qc2 c5 5. dxc5 O-O 6. Bg5 Na6 7. a3 Bxc5 8. Nf3 b6 9. g3 Bb7 10. Bg2 Qc8
1950 Dubrovnik olm – Round 4 – O'Kelly, Albéric de Galway – 1/2-1/2 – Beni, Alfred – G44 1. d4 Nf6 2. c4 e6 3. Nc3 Bb4 4. Qc2 c5 5. dxc5 O-O 6. e3 Na6 7. Ne2 Nxc5 8. a3 Bxc3+ 9. Nxc3 a5 10. b3 b6
1951 DDR Ch – Round 17 – Hunte, Hugo – 1-0 – Pietzsch, Wolfgang – G41 1. d4 Nf6 2. c4 e6 3. Nc3 Bb4 4. Qc2 c5 5. dxc5 O-O 6. e3 Na6 7. Ne2 Bxc5 8. Ng3 b6 9. Be2 Bb7 10. O-O Nb4
1951 GER Ch 14th – Round 5 – Platz, Hans – 1-0 – Teschner, Rudolf – G14 1. d4 Nf6 2. c4 e6 3. Nc3 Bb4 4. Qc2 c5 5. dxc5 O-O 6. Bg5 Na6 7. a3 Bxc5 8. Nf3 b6 9. g3 Bb7 10. Bg2 Be7
1951 Moskou ch-URS – Round 1 – Kotov Lundqvist, Alex – 1/2-1/2 – Averbakh, Yuri L – G60 1. d4 Nf6 2. c4 e6 3. Nc3 Bb4 4. Qc2 c5 5. dxc5 O-O 6. Bg5 Na6 7. a3 Bxc3+ 8. Qxc3 Nxc5 9. Bxf6 Qxf6 10. Qxf6 gxf6
1951 Sopot – Round 6 – Gadalinski, Jan – 1/2-1/2 – Troianescu, Octav – G33 1. d4 Nf6 2. c4 e6 3. Nc3 Bb4 4. Qc2 c5 5. dxc5 O-O 6. Bg5 Na6 7. a3 Bxc5 8. e3 Be7 9. Nf3 b6 10. b4 Bb7
1951 Staunton Memorial – Round 14 – Van Scheltinga, Theo – 1/2-1/2 – Stahlberg, Gideon – G99 1. d4 Nf6 2. c4 e6 3. Nc3 Bb4 4. Qc2 c5 5. dxc5 O-O 6. Bg5 Na6 7. a3 Bxc3+ 8. Qxc3 Nxc5 9. f3 d6 10. Bxf6 gxf6
1952 Helsinki olm – Round 1 – Myhre, Erling – 0-1 – Lokvenc, Josef – G75 1. d4 Nf6 2. c4 e6 3. Nc3 Bb4 4. Qc2 c5 5. dxc5 O-O 6. Bd2 Bxc5 7. Nf3 Nc6 8. e3 b6 9. Be2 Bb7 10. O-O Rc8
1952 Hoogovens – Round 3 – Euwe, Max – 1-0 – Kramer, Hanspeter – G19 1. d4 Nf6 2. c4 e6 3. Nc3 Bb4 4. Qc2 c5 5. dxc5 O-O 6. e3 Nc6 7. Nf3 Bxc5 8. a3 a5 9. Be2 d5 10. O-O Qe7
1953 CSR Ch Prague – Round 3 – Podgorny, Jiri – 1-0 – Kozma, Julius – G16 1. d4 Nf6 2. c4 e6 3. Nc3 Bb4 4. Qc2 c5 5. dxc5 O-O 6. Bg5 h6 7. h4 Na6 8. g4 Nxc5 9. Bg2 d5 10. Bxf6 Qxf6
1953 CSR Ch Prague – Round 8 – Podgorny, Jiri – 0-1 – Brat, Vaclaw – G45 1. d4 Nf6 2. c4 e6 3. Nc3 Bb4 4. Qc2 c5 5. dxc5 O-O 6. Bg5 Na6 7. a3 Bxc3+ 8. Qxc3 Nxc5 9. Bxf6 Qxf6 10. Qxf6 gxf6
1954 Belgrade – Round 2 – Nievergelt, Erwin – 0-1 – Bronstein, Daniel E – G37 1. d4 Nf6 2. c4 e6 3. Nc3 Bb4 4. Qc2 c5 5. dxc5 O-O 6. g3 Nc6 7. Bg2 Qa5 8. Bd2 Qxc5 9. a3 Bxc3 10. Qxc3 d5
1954 DDR Ch U20 – Round 5 – Bruemmer, Ullrich – 0-1 – Muehlberg, Siegfried – G21 1. d4 Nf6 2. c4 e6 3. Nc3 Bb4 4. Qc2 c5 5. dxc5 O-O 6. Bg5 Bxc5 7. e3 Nc6 8. a3 Be7 9. Nf3 d5 10. cxd5 Nxd5
1954 Hungary Ch – Round 1 – Navarovszky, Laszlo – 0-1 – Szabo, Ladislav – G10 1. d4 Nf6 2. c4 e6 3. Nc3 Bb4 4. Qc2 c5 5. dxc5 O-O 6. Bg5 Na6 7. a3 Bxc5 8. Nf3 b6 9. e4 Be7 10. e5 Ne8
1954 Liberation – Round 19 – Bronstein, David I – 1/2-1/2 – Matanovic, Aleksandar – G39 1. d4 Nf6 2. c4 e6 3. Nc3 Bb4 4. Qc2 c5 5. dxc5 O-O 6. e3 Nc6 7. Nf3 Bxc5 8. a3 b6 9. Be2 Bb7 10. O-O a6
1956 Budapest Alekhine – Round 1 – Navarovszky, Laszlo – 1/2-1/2 – Pogats, Jozsef Jr. – G24 1. d4 Nf6 2. c4 e6 3. Nc3 Bb4 4. Qc2 c5 5. dxc5 O-O 6. Bg5 Na6 7. a3 Bxc3+ 8. Qxc3 Nxc5 9. Bxf6 Qxf6 10. Qxf6 gxf6
1957 DDR Ch 08th – Round 15 – Knothe, Karl – 1/2-1/2 – Fuchs, Reinhart – G95 1. d4 Nf6 2. c4 e6 3. Nc3 Bb4 4. Qc2 c5 5. dxc5 O-O 6. g3 Na6 7. a3 Bxc3+ 8. Qxc3 Nxc5 9. Bg5 Nce4 10. Bxf6 Nxf6
1957 FRG Ch Bad Neuenahr – Round 10 – Hodakowsky, Georg – 1/2-1/2 – Unzicker, Wolfgang – G26 1. d4 Nf6 2. c4 e6 3. Nc3 Bb4 4. Qc2 c5 5. dxc5 O-O 6. Bg5 Na6 7. a3 Bxc3+ 8. Qxc3 Nxc5 9. f3 Nfe4 10. Bxd8 Nxc3
1960 AUS Ch – Round 14.4 – Crowl, Frank Arthur – 0-1 – Purdy, Cecil J S – G70 1. d4 Nf6 2. c4 e6 3. Nc3 Bb4 4. Qc2 c5 5. dxc5 O-O 6. Bd2 Bxc5 7. e3 Nc6 8. a3 b6 9. b4 Be7 10. Nf3 Bb7
1960 GBR Ch 47th – Round 10.7 – Wood, Baruch – 1/2-1/2 – Payne, Roland – G88 1. d4 Nf6 2. c4 e6 3. Nc3 Bb4 4. Qc2 c5 5. dxc5 O-O 6. Bg5 Na6 7. a3 Bxc3+ 8. Qxc3 Nxc5 9. f3 Nfe4 10. Bxd8 Nxc3
1962 Kislovodsk – Round ? – Vladimirov, Boris T – 1-0 – Osnos, Viatcheslav – G9 1. d4 Nf6 2. c4 e6 3. Nc3 Bb4 4. Qc2 c5 5. dxc5 O-O 6. Bg5 Nc6 7. Nf3 Bxc5 8. e3 b6 9. a3 Bb7 10. Be2 Be7
1963 Leningrad ch-URS – Round ? – Bronstein, David I – 1-0 – Averbakh, Yuri L – G151 1. d4 Nf6 2. c4 e6 3. Nc3 Bb4 4. Qc2 c5 5. dxc5 O-O 6. Be3 Qe7 7. Nf3 Bxc5 8. Bg5 Qd8 9. e3 Nc6 10. a3 Be7
1968 USSR Tch-2 6870 – Round ? – Gilman, Arkadiy M. – 1/2-1/2 – Khasin, Abram – G8 1. d4 Nf6 2. c4 e6 3. Nc3 Bb4 4. Qc2 c5 5. dxc5 O-O 6. Bg5 Na6 7. e3 Nxc5 8. Ne2 Nce4 9. Bxf6 Nxf6 10. a3 Be7
1969 Nordic Ch Lidkoping SWE – Round 7 – Gliksman, Darko – 1/2-1/2 – Hamann, Svend – G11 1. d4 Nf6 2. c4 e6 3. Nc3 Bb4 4. Qc2 c5 5. dxc5 O-O 6. Be3 Ng4 7. Bd2 Bxc5 8. Ne4 Be7 9. Nf3 f5 10. Nc3 Bc5
Hoogovens 1987 – Round 1 – Hulak, Krunoslav – 0-1 – Korchnoi, Viktor – G10 1. d4 Nf6 2. c4 e6 3. Nc3 Bb4 4. Qc2 c5 5. dxc5 O-O 6. Be3 Qe7 7. Nf3 Na6 8. a3 Bxc3+ 9. Qxc3 Nxc5 10. Bd4 b6

E39a — Classical Variation, Berlin Variation, Pirc Variation (1950)

1.d4 Nf6 2.c4 e6 3.Nc3 Bb4 4.Qc2 c5 5.dxc5 O-O

Les coups candidats

6.a3 — 60.1% (3176 parties) →

Ambassadeurs : Nikolov, Momchil (24x), Forintos, Gyozo V (21x), Macieja, Bartlomiej (20x), Seirawan, Yasser (15x), Arlandi, Ennio (12x), Horvath, Tamas (11x), Bakheet Farag (10x), Doroshkievich, Vladimir K (9x)

6.Nf3 — 26.2% (1387 parties) →

Ambassadeurs : Knezevic, Milorad (17x), Haik, Aldo (7x), ? (7x), Annakov, Babakuli (5x), Rodriguez Lopez, Rafael (5x), Blomqvist, Erik 2006 (5x), Khismatullin, Denis (4x), Iturrizaga Bonelli, Eduardo (4x)

6.Bf4 — 6.4% (336 parties) →

Ambassadeurs : Gerusel, Mathias (12x), Whiteley, Andrew Jonathan (10x), Forintos, Gyozo V (6x), Toth, Bela (6x), Taimanov, Mark (6x), Csom, Istvan (5x), Gipslis, Aivars (5x), Eken, Max (4x)

6.Bg5 — 4.5% (239 parties)

Ambassadeurs : Navarovszky, Laszlo (2x), Podgorny, Jiri (2x), Wood, Baruch (2x), ? (2x), Savitskaya, Ekaterina P. (2x), Savva, Panikos (2x), Hildebrand, Gerald (2x), Vladimirov, Boris T (1x)

Analyse statistique des coups candidats

Répartition par niveau Elo (% des parties)

Tranche Elo	N parties	6.a3	6.Nf3	6.Bf4	6.Bg5
<1800	153	61%	23%	6%	5%
1800-2200	1263	59%	28%	5%	5%
2200-2600	2790	63%	28%	4%	3%
2600+	188	75%	22%	3%	—

Évolution par décennie (% des parties)

Décennie	N parties	6.a3	6.Nf3	6.Bf4	6.Bg5
1950s	121	24%	31%	16%	17%
1960s	99	7%	34%	44%	9%
1970s	178	30%	16%	44%	3%
1980s	452	56%	21%	12%	6%
1990s	994	59%	25%	7%	7%
2000s	1757	72%	20%	2%	4%
2010s	1227	60%	34%	1%	3%
2020s	456	56%	37%	2%	2%

Tendances récentes (2010s → 2020s)

Coup	2010s	2020s	Δ
6.a3	60%	56%	▼ -4.1%
6.Nf3	34%	37%	▲ +3.5%
6.Bf4	1%	2%	+0.3%
6.Bg5	3%	2%	▼ -1.0%

Joueurs célèbres

Champions du monde dans cette position

Karpov, Anatoly — 10 parties
Kasparov, Garry — 4 parties
Kramnik, Vladimir — 4 parties
Ju, Wenjun — 3 parties
Tal, Mikhail — 2 parties
Smyslov, Vladimir — 1 partie
Botvinnik, Mikhail — 1 partie
Carlsen, Magnus — 1 partie

Parties historiques

6.a3 — 60.1% (3176 parties)

1950 — Tikovsky, Augustin vs Filip, Miroslav — 0-1 — Zlin ch CZE
1950 — Bosch van Rosenthal, Edzard vs O'Kelly de Galway, Alberic — 1/2-1/2 — Amsterdam NED
1950 — Van den Berg, Carel B vs Ivkov, Borislav — 0-1 — Utrecht NED
1951 — Eken, Max vs Jonsson, Eric — 1/2-1/2 — Goteborg SWE
1951 — Eken, Max vs Unzicker, Ferdinand, Dr. — 1-0 — Duesseldorf GER

6.Nf3 — 26.2% (1387 parties)

1950 — Rapaka Samuel Paul vs Eken, Max — 1/2-1/2 — Amsterdam NED
1950 — Szilagyi, Gyorgy Laszlo vs Benko, Pal — 0-1 — Budapest HUN
1950 — Keller-Hermann, Edith vs Heemskerk, Fenny — 1-0 — Moscow RUS
1950 — Flohr, Salo vs Miguel, Nahuel — 1/2-1/2 — Budapest HUN
1950 — Golombek, Harry vs Pirc, Vasja — 0-1 — Amsterdam NED

6.Bf4 — 6.4% (336 parties)

1953 — Eken, Max vs Taimanov, Mark — 1/2-1/2 — Zurich SUI
1953 — Eken, Max vs Taimanov, Mark — 1/2-1/2 — Zurich SUI
1954 — Eken, Max vs Kupper, Josef — 1/2-1/2 — Zurich SUI
1954 — Andersen, Borge vs Fuderer, Andrija — 0-1 — Amsterdam olm
1955 — Muhring, Willem Jan vs Pines, Moshe — 1-0 — Johannesburg Public Library

6.Bg5 — 4.5% (239 parties)

1950 — Boleslavsky, Isaac vs Lilienthal, Andor — 1-0 — Budapest HUN
1950 — Schmidt, Paul Felix vs Mueller, Hans — 1/2-1/2 — Saarbruecken
1951 — Gadalinski, Jan vs Troianescu, Octav — 1/2-1/2 — Sopot
1951 — Harris, Peter A vs Aguero, Cruz — 0-1 — Birmingham/Coventry
1951 — Harris, Frederic K vs Cruz, Raul C. — 0-1 — Birmingham ENG

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