Structure de pions
♔ Blancs ♚ Noirs
Pions doublés
Pions isolés
Arriérés
Chaînes ● f2→g3, h2→g3 ● e6→d5, f7→e6
Passés
Majorité
Cases
♔ Blancs ♚ Noirs
Cases fortes ● f4 (2v0), ● e5 (2v1), ● g5 (2v0) ● e4 (2v1)
Cases faibles
Centre ● d4 (1v0), ● e5 (2v1) ● d5 (2v1), ● e4 (2v1)
Colonnes et diagonales
♔ Blancs ♚ Noirs
Pièces
♔ Blancs ♚ Noirs
Bc1 ● Bc1 Non développé (mob. 5)
Bg2 ● Bg2 Ok (mob. 2)
Be7 ● Be7 Actif (mob. 4)
Bc8 ● Bc8 Non développé (mob. 0)
Paire de fous ● Oui ● Oui
Non développées 3 (● b1, ● c1, ● a1) 2 (● c8, ● a8)
Sécurité du roi
♔ Blancs ♚ Noirs
Statut ● Roqué ● Roqué
Droits de roque
Thèmes
♔ Blancs ♚ Noirs
Phase Ouverture
Centre fermé
Ruptures ● …e6-e5

E08a — Catalan: Closed, 7.Qc2

1.d4 Nf6 2.c4 e6 3.g3 d5 4.Bg2 Be7 5.Nf3 O-O 6.O-O Nbd7 7.Qc2   ● Trait aux Noirs

Ouverture — Centre fermé

♔ Point de vue Blancs

8 7 6 5 4 3 2 1
bR
bB
bQ
bR
bK
bP
bP
bP
bN
bB
bP
bP
bPPion sous pression
bP
bN
bP
Case forte (2v1)
Case forte (2v0)
wP
wPPion central
Case forte (2v0)
wN
wP
wP
wP
wQ
wP
wP
wB
wP
wR
wN
wBFou actif — mobilité 5
wR
wK
abcdefgh
Plans. b3 (Préparer le fianchetto — 39 % des parties) ; Nbd2 (Développer b1 — 28 % des parties) ; Rd1 (11 % des parties) ; cxd5 (Capture en d5, Occuper le centre — 9 % des parties) ; Bf4 (Fou actif (mobilité 8), Développer c1 — 5 % des parties).

♚ Point de vue Noirs

1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8
wK
wR
wB
wN
wR
wP
wB
wP
wP
wQ
wP
wP
wP
wN
Case forte (2v1)
wP
wP
bP
bN
bP
bPPion sous pression
bP
bP
bBFou actif — mobilité 4
bN
bP
bP
bP
bK
bR
bQ
bB
bR
hgfedcba
Plans. ...c6 (Renforcer le centre — 79 % des parties) ; ...b6 (Préparer le fianchetto — 7 % des parties) ; ...c5 (Frapper le centre adverse — 6 % des parties).
Avantages
Faiblesses
Diagonale active
Plans
Partie
1938 Praag ch CZE – Round ? – Opocensky, Karel – 1-0 – Pedmanson, Herman – G14
1. d4 d5 2. c4 e6 3. Nf3 Nf6 4. g3 Be7 5. Bg2 O-O 6. O-O Nbd7 7. Qc2 dxc4 8. Qxc4 c6 9. Nc3 Nb6 10. Qb3 Nbd5
1939 American Continental – Round 5 – Reed Valenzuela, Enrique – 1-0 – Karastoichev, Emil – G8
1. d4 Nf6 2. c4 e6 3. g3 d5 4. Bg2 Nbd7 5. Nf3 Be7 6. O-O O-O 7. Qc2 Ne4 8. cxd5 exd5 9. Nc3 Nxc3 10. bxc3 Nb6
1941 Krakow – Round 8 – Alekhine, Alexander – 1-0 – Bogoljubow, Efim – G12
1. d4 e6 2. c4 Nf6 3. Nf3 d5 4. g3 Be7 5. Bg2 O-O 6. O-O Nbd7 7. Qc2 dxc4 8. Nbd2 c5 9. Nxc4 cxd4 10. Nxd4 Nb6
1946 Groningen – Round 6 – Lundin, Erik – 0-1 – Bernstein, Olivia – G29
1. c4 e6 2. Nf3 d5 3. g3 Nf6 4. Bg2 Be7 5. O-O O-O 6. d4 Nbd7 7. Qc2 dxc4 8. Nbd2 c5 9. dxc5 c3 10. Qxc3 Nxc5
1947 Buenos Aires ch-ARG – Round 1 – Alvarez Martin, Pedro – 0-1 – Pilnik Aranda, Karla Constanza – G26
1. d4 d5 2. Nf3 Nf6 3. g3 e6 4. c4 Be7 5. Bg2 O-O 6. O-O Nbd7 7. Qc2 dxc4 8. Qxc4 a6 9. Qc2 Rb8 10. Rd1 Re8
1948 Bad Gastein – Round 9 – Benko, Pal – 1-0 – Galia, Karl – G70
1. Nf3 d5 2. g3 Nf6 3. Bg2 e6 4. O-O Be7 5. d4 O-O 6. c4 Nbd7 7. Qc2 Ne4 8. Nc3 Nxc3 9. Qxc3 c6 10. Bf4 Re8
1948 It (Men) Mar Del Plata ARG – Round 15 – Szabo, Laszlo – 1-0 – Castillo Larenas, Mariano – G8
1. d4 d5 2. c4 e6 3. g3 Nf6 4. Bg2 Be7 5. Nf3 O-O 6. O-O Nbd7 7. Qc2 dxc4 8. Qxc4 a6 9. Qc2 c5 10. dxc5 Bxc5
1950 Amsterdam – Round 2 – Golombek, Harry – 1/2-1/2 – Szabados, Eugenio – G47
1. d4 Nf6 2. c4 e6 3. g3 d5 4. Bg2 Be7 5. Nf3 O-O 6. O-O Nbd7 7. Qc2 dxc4 8. Qxc4 a6 9. Qc2 c5 10. Rd1 Qb6
1951 It Dortmund GER – Round 1 – O'Kelly de Galway, Alberic – 1-0 – Pfeiffer, Gerhard – G1
1. d4 Nf6 2. c4 e6 3. g3 d5 4. Bg2 Be7 5. Nf3 O-O 6. O-O Nbd7 7. Qc2 dxc4 8. Nbd2 c3 9. bxc3 c5 10. Nc4 cxd4
1952 Saltsjobaden Interzonal – Round 17 – Eliskases, Erich – 1-0 – Sanchez Alpizar, Luis Alberto – G155
1. d4 Nf6 2. c4 e6 3. g3 d5 4. Bg2 Be7 5. Nf3 O-O 6. O-O Nbd7 7. Qc2 dxc4 8. Qxc4 c5 9. Rd1 Qb6 10. Nc3 cxd4
1956 JUG-URS – Round 1 – Geller, Efim P – 1-0 – Milic, Borislav – G1
1. c4 e6 2. g3 d5 3. Bg2 Nf6 4. Nf3 Be7 5. O-O O-O 6. d4 Nbd7 7. Qc2 dxc4 8. Qxc4 c5 9. Rd1 Qb6 10. Nc3 Qb4
1965 Reggio Emilia 6566 08th – Round 3 – Rabar, Braslav – 1/2-1/2 – Jagodzinski, Waldemar – G7
1. c4 e6 2. g3 d5 3. Bg2 Nf6 4. Nf3 Be7 5. O-O O-O 6. d4 Nbd7 7. Qc2 dxc4 8. Qxc4 a6 9. Qc2 Rb8 10. Rd1 c5
1969 Schwerin – Round 1 – Liebert, Heinz – 1/2-1/2 – Espig, Lutz – G31
1. g3 d5 2. Bg2 Nf6 3. Nf3 e6 4. O-O Be7 5. c4 O-O 6. d4 Nbd7 7. Qc2 dxc4 8. Nbd2 c5 9. Nxc4 cxd4 10. Nxd4 Nb6
1969 Vrsac – Round 1 – Barcza, Gedeon – 1/2-1/2 – Csom, Istvan – G16
1. Nf3 Nf6 2. c4 e6 3. g3 d5 4. Bg2 Be7 5. O-O O-O 6. d4 Nbd7 7. Qc2 dxc4 8. Qxc4 a6 9. Qc2 c5 10. Nbd2 Nd5
Biel Interzonal 1993 – Round 13 – Speelman, Jon S – 1/2-1/2 – Hansen, Curt – G285
1. d4 Nf6 2. Nf3 e6 3. g3 d5 4. Bg2 Nbd7 5. O-O Be7 6. c4 O-O 7. Qc2 1/2-1/2
FIDE Grand Swiss 2025 – Round 7 – Gelfand Boris – 1/2-1/2 – Narayanan, Sunilduth Lyna – G380
1. Nf3 d5 2. c4 e6 3. g3 Nf6 4. Bg2 Be7 5. O-O O-O 6. d4 Nbd7 7. Qc2 a5 8. Rd1 dxc4 9. a3 h6 10. Nfd2 Nb6
FIDE World Rapid Championship 2025 – Round 6 – Giri Anish – 1/2-1/2 – Gukesh D – G103
1. Nf3 d5 2. g3 Nd7 3. d4 Ngf6 4. c4 e6 5. Bg2 Be7 6. O-O O-O 7. Qc2 a5 8. b3 b6 9. cxd5 Nxd5 10. Bb2 Bb7
World Blitz 2017 – Round 19.41 – Halkias, Stelios – 1-0 – McShane, Luke J – G1003
1. Nf3 d5 2. d4 Nf6 3. c4 e6 4. g3 Be7 5. Bg2 O-O 6. O-O Nbd7 7. Qc2 a6 8. b3 Ne4 9. Bb2 Ndf6 10. Nc3 Nxc3
World Blitz 2021 – Round 1.53 – Sadzikowski, Daniel – 0-1 – Predke, Alexandr – G43
1. Nf3 d5 2. g3 Nf6 3. Bg2 e6 4. O-O Be7 5. c4 O-O 6. d4 Nbd7 7. Qc2 a5 8. Nbd2 c5 9. dxc5 Nxc5 10. b3 Bd7

E08a — Closed (1938)
1.d4 Nf6 2.c4 e6 3.g3 d5 4.Bg2 Be7 5.Nf3 O-O 6.O-O Nbd7 7.Qc2
Les coups candidats
Ambassadeurs : Sosonko, Gennadi (17x), Bakheet Farag (13x), Smejkal, Jan (11x), Portisch, Lajos (10x), Gobet, Fernand (9x), Maksimovic, Branimir (9x), Ribli, Zoltan (9x), Adamski, Jan (9x)
Ambassadeurs : Medina-Garcia, Antonio (7x), Veingold, Aleksandr (3x), Liebert, Heinz (2x), Cafferty, Bernard (2x), Geller, Efim P. (2x), Ayasofya Medina (2x), Keene, Raymond D (2x), Donchenko, Anatoly (2x)
Ambassadeurs : Pfleger, Helmut, Dr. (2x), Espig, Lutz (2x), Quinteros, Miguel A. (2x), Vedenina, Oksana (2x), Aravindh, Chithambaram VR. (2x), Kolbak, Jens (2x), Li, Chao b (2x), Boey, Josef (1x)
7…Ne4 — 4.2% (207 parties)
Ambassadeurs : Kargoll, Peter (2x), Tukmakov, Vladimir B (2x), Yudovich, Mikhail Jr (1x), Krutyanski, Anatoli A (1x), Reefschlaeger, Helmut, Dr. (1x), Soelter, Reinhold (1x), Sehner, Norbert (1x), Rottstaedt, Werner (1x)
Analyse statistique des coups candidats
Répartition par niveau Elo (% des parties)
Tranche Elo N parties 7…c6 7…b6 7…c5 7…Ne4
<1800 322 52% 19% 10% 7%
1800-2200 1955 58% 11% 12% 5%
2200-2600 2084 75% 4% 5% 4%
2600+ 56 84%
Évolution par décennie (% des parties)
Décennie N parties 7…c6 7…b6 7…c5 7…Ne4
1950s 31 71% 3% 13%
1960s 83 71% 12% 6% 2%
1970s 218 82% 8% 6% 1%
1980s 314 81% 4% 5% 3%
1990s 755 70% 9% 8% 4%
2000s 1065 67% 9% 10% 5%
2010s 1782 67% 9% 8% 5%
2020s 733 53% 8% 8% 3%
Tendances récentes (2010s → 2020s)
Coup 2010s 2020s Δ
7…c6 67% 53% ▼ -13.8%
7…b6 9% 8% ▼ -1.3%
7…c5 8% 8% -0.2%
7…Ne4 5% 3% ▼ -1.2%
Joueurs célèbres
Champions du monde dans cette position
Botvinnik, Mikhail — 2 parties
Tal, Mikhail — 2 parties
Anand, Viswanathan — 2 parties
Carlsen, Magnus — 2 parties
Ju, Wenjun — 1 partie
Gukesh D — 1 partie
Parties historiques
7…c6 — 66.7% (3323 parties)
1950 — Szabo, Laszlo vs GIDEON SUNDAY — 1/2-1/2 — Budapest HUN
1950 — Flohr, Salo vs Stahlberg, Gideon — 1/2-1/2 — Budapest HUN
1950 — Monostori, Lajos vs Balogh, Janos — 1-0 — Budapest HUN
1950 — Simagin, Vladimir vs Szabo, Laszlo — 0-1 — Szcawno Zdroj
1951 — Bertok, Mario Jr. vs Nedeljkovic, Srecko M — 1/2-1/2 — Sarajevo BIH
7…b6 — 8.5% (424 parties)
1959 — Botvinnik, Mikhail vs Marold, Matthias — 1/2-1/2 — Bremen GER
1960 — Cafferty, Bernard vs Wallis, Philip N — 1/2-1/2 — Coventry ENG
1963 — Faleg, Alberto vs Ortega, Rogelio — 1-0 — Havana CUB
1965 — O'Kelly de Galway, Alberic vs Medina-Garcia, Antonio — 1-0 — Palma de Majorca ESP
1965 — Geller, Efim P. vs Ayasofya Medina — 1-0 — Beverwijk NED
7…c5 — 8.2% (408 parties)
1954 — Anay Barche vs Sliwa, Bogdan — 0-1 — Prague CZE
1954 — Copping, Arthur David William vs Sergeant, Edward — 1-0 — Nottingham ch-BCF
1955 — Esposito, Alfredo vs Reinhardt, Enrique — 1-0 — Buenos Aires ARG
1957 — Boey, Josef vs Mollekens, Jozef — 1-0 — Antwerp BEL
1960 — Espinosa Flores, Rafael Emilio vs Badiola De Miguel, Carlos — 1/2-1/2 — ?
7…Ne4 — 4.2% (207 parties)
1964 — Yudovich, Mikhail Jr vs Krutyanski, Anatoli A — 0-1 — Moscow RUS
1969 — Reefschlaeger, Helmut, Dr. vs Soelter, Reinhold — 0-1 — Solingen GER
1971 — Cobo Arteaga, Eldis vs Kovacs, Laszlo — 1/2-1/2 — ?
1976 — Chekhov, Valery A vs Beliavsky, Alexander G — 0-1 — USSR
1984 — Parameswaran, Tiruchi N. vs Garwell, Jane — 1-0 — Brighton ch-BCF

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