Structure de pions

	♔ Blancs	♚ Noirs
Pions doublés	—	—
Pions isolés	—	—
Arriérés	—	—
Chaînes	● f2→e3, e3→d4	● f7→g6, h7→g6
Passés	—	—
Majorité	—	—

Cases

	♔ Blancs	♚ Noirs
Cases fortes	● b5 (3v0)	● e4 (2v1), ● g4 (2v0), ● f5 (2v0)
Cases faibles	—	● d5
Centre	● d4 (1v0), ● e5 (1v0)	● e4 (2v1)

Colonnes et diagonales

♔ Blancs

♚ Noirs

Pièces

	♔ Blancs	♚ Noirs
Bc1	● Bc1 Non développé (mob. 1)
Bf1	● Bf1 Non développé (mob. 2)
Bg7		● Bg7 Ok (mob. 2)
Bc8		● Bc8 Non développé (mob. 5)
Paire de fous	● Oui	● Oui
Non développées	5 (● g1, ● c1, ● f1, ● a1, ● h1)	4 (● b8, ● c8, ● a8, ● h8)

Sécurité du roi

	♔ Blancs	♚ Noirs
Statut	● Au centre	● Au centre
Droits de roque	O-O / O-O-O	O-O / O-O-O

Thèmes

	♔ Blancs	♚ Noirs
Phase	Ouverture
Centre	fermé
Ruptures	● e3-e4	● …e7-e5

D80j — Gruenfeld: 4.e3 Bg7 5.Qb3

1.d4 Nf6 2.c4 g6 3.Nc3 d5 4.e3 Bg7 5.Qb3 * ● Trait aux Noirs

Ouverture — Centre fermé

♔ Point de vue Blancs

8 7 6 5 4 3 2 1

abcdefgh

Plans. Qa3 (32 % des parties) ; Nf3 (Développer g1 — 32 % des parties).

♚ Point de vue Noirs

1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8

hgfedcba

Plans. ...e6 (Poussée — 43 % des parties) ; ...dxc4 (Capture en c4, Frapper le centre adverse — 30 % des parties) ; ...c6 (Renforcer le centre — 26 % des parties).

Avantages

Faiblesses

Diagonale active

Plans

Partie
1939 Buenos Aires ol f-A – Round 8 – Porath, Yosef – 1-0 – De Groot, Adriaan – G156 1. d4 Nf6 2. c4 g6 3. Nc3 d5 4. e3 Bg7 5. Qb3 e6 6. Qa3 Nbd7 7. Nf3 Bf8 8. Qb3 c6 9. cxd5 exd5 10. Bd3 Bg7
1945 Ventnor City – Round 7 – Suesman – 0-1 – Santasiere, Anthony – G17 1. d4 Nf6 2. c4 g6 3. Nc3 d5 4. e3 Bg7 5. Qb3 e6 6. Qa3 Nbd7 7. cxd5 exd5 8. Bd2 Bf8 9. Qb3 c6 10. Bd3 Qb6
1946 Augsburg 1st – Round 7 – Palme, Rudolf – 0-1 – Saemisch, Friedrich – G13 1. d4 Nf6 2. c4 g6 3. Nc3 d5 4. e3 Bg7 5. Qb3 c6 6. Bd2 O-O 7. cxd5 Nxd5 8. Nf3 Nxc3 9. bxc3 Nd7 10. Bd3 Nc5
1957 URS Ch, semi final – Round 2 – Kotov Lundqvist, Alex – 1/2-1/2 – Goldberg, Gavriel – G17 1. d4 Nf6 2. c4 g6 3. Nc3 d5 4. e3 Bg7 5. Qb3 c6 6. cxd5 cxd5 7. Nge2 O-O 8. Nf4 Nc6 9. Be2 Na5 10. Qb4 g5
1961 Budapest ch-HUN – Round 1 – Lengyel, Laszlo – 1-0 – Molnar, Illes – G11 1. c4 Nf6 2. d4 g6 3. Nc3 d5 4. e3 Bg7 5. Qb3 e6 6. Qa3 Nbd7 7. Nf3 Bf8 8. Qb3 c6 9. Bd3 Bg7 10. O-O O-O
1964 Moscow Ch – Round ? – Gusev, Yuri S – 0-1 – Shamkovich, Leonid – G43 1. d4 Nf6 2. c4 g6 3. Nc3 d5 4. e3 Bg7 5. Qb3 c6 6. cxd5 cxd5 7. Bb5+ Nc6 8. Nf3 O-O 9. O-O Na5 10. Qd1 Bf5
1966 Sarajevo Sarajevo BIH – Round 10 – Kotov Lundqvist, Alex – 1-0 – Honfi, K. – G33 1. c4 Nf6 2. Nc3 g6 3. d4 d5 4. e3 Bg7 5. Qb3 e6 6. Qa3 Nc6 7. cxd5 exd5 8. Bb5 Bd7 9. Nf3 Ne7 10. Bxd7+ Nxd7
1968 Lugano SUI – Round 1 – Magrin, Antonio – 0-1 – Avgousti, Petrakis – G43 1. d4 Nf6 2. c4 g6 3. Nc3 d5 4. e3 Bg7 5. Qb3 e6 6. Bd2 O-O 7. Rd1 b6 8. cxd5 exd5 9. Nf3 Bb7 10. Be2 Nc6
6. Tal Memorial 2011 – Round 1 – Ivanchuk, Vasyl – 1-0 – Svidler, Peter – G4 1. d4 Nf6 2. c4 g6 3. Nc3 d5 4. e3 Bg7 5. Qb3 e6 6. Qa3 a5 7. Nf3 Nc6 8. Bd2 Nb4 9. Qa4+ Bd7 10. Qb3 dxc4
Bugojno 1980 – Round 2 – Ivkov, Borislav – 1/2-1/2 – Timman, Jan H – G7 1. d4 Nf6 2. c4 g6 3. Nc3 d5 4. e3 Bg7 5. Qb3 e6 6. Qa3 b6 7. Nf3 Bb7 8. cxd5 exd5 9. Bb5+ c6 10. Bd3 Nbd7
Makedonia Palace GP 2013 – Round 5.1 – Nakamura, Hikaru – 1/2-1/2 – Caruana, Fabiano – G24 1. d4 Nf6 2. c4 g6 3. Nc3 d5 4. e3 Bg7 5. Qb3 e6 6. Qa3 c6 7. Nf3 a5 8. b3 Na6 9. Be2 Ne4 10. Qb2 O-O
World Blitz 2018 – Round 1.56 – Zablotsky, Sergei – 0-1 – Salem, A.R. Saleh – G45 1. d4 Nf6 2. c4 g6 3. Nc3 d5 4. e3 Bg7 5. Qb3 e6 6. Qa3 c6 7. Nf3 a5 8. b3 Na6 9. Bd2 Nb4 10. Qb2 O-O
World Blitz 2019 – Round 8.50 – Gasanov, Eldar – 0-1 – Cheparinov, Ivan – G562 1. d4 Nf6 2. c4 g6 3. Nc3 d5 4. e3 Bg7 5. Qb3 e6 6. Qa3 c6 7. Nf3 a5 8. b3 b6 9. Be2 Ne4 10. Na4 Na6
World Blitz Final 2012 – Round 3 – Andreikin, Dmitry – 0-1 – Svidler, Peter – G17 1. c4 g6 2. d4 Nf6 3. Nc3 d5 4. e3 Bg7 5. Qb3 e6 6. Qa3 a5 7. Nf3 c6 8. Be2 dxc4 9. b3 b5 10. Qb2 b4

D80j — Gruenfeld (1939)

1.d4 Nf6 2.c4 g6 3.Nc3 d5 4.e3 Bg7 5.Qb3

Les coups candidats

5…e6 — 43.4% (406 parties)

Ambassadeurs : Finegold, Benjamin (14x), Knezevic, Milorad (13x), Bakheet Farag (8x), Marzano, Carlo (7x), Krizsany, Laszlo (6x), Ringoir, Tanguy (6x), Rakhmanov, Aleksandr (5x), Zubov, Alexander (5x)

5…dxc4 — 29.5% (276 parties)

Ambassadeurs : Knezevic, Milorad (6x), Zagorskis, Darius (6x), Jovanic, Ognjen (5x), Albrecht, Rainer (4x), Flesch, Stefan, Dr. (4x), Drozdovskij, Yuri (3x), Taylor, Timothy (3x), Bocharov, Dmitry (3x)

5…c6 — 25.8% (241 parties)

Ambassadeurs : Knezevic, Milorad (5x), Krizsany, Laszlo (4x), Schmitz, Manuela (3x), Lenaerts, Lennert (3x), Krasteva, Beloslava (3x), Uhlmann, Wolfgang (2x), Taimanov, Mark (2x), Kotov, Alexander (2x)

5…c5 — 1.0% (9 parties)

Ambassadeurs : Suba, Mihai (1x), Dvoirys, Semen I. (1x), Malaniuk, Vladimir P (1x), Walach, Marcin (1x), Raffalt, Manfred (1x), Wildner, Reinhard (1x), Lenaerts, Lennert (1x), Akhayan, Ruben (1x)

Analyse statistique des coups candidats

Répartition par niveau Elo (% des parties)

Tranche Elo	N parties	5…e6	5…dxc4	5…c6	5…c5
<1800	35	26%	26%	49%	—
1800-2200	320	32%	35%	32%	1%
2200-2600	484	51%	26%	21%	1%
2600+	22	77%	18%	5%	—

Évolution par décennie (% des parties)

Décennie	N parties	5…e6	5…dxc4	5…c6	5…c5
1950s	17	35%	29%	35%	—
1960s	11	36%	18%	45%	—
1970s	24	42%	42%	17%	—
1980s	35	60%	20%	17%	3%
1990s	103	41%	27%	30%	2%
2000s	189	40%	32%	28%	—
2010s	486	44%	29%	26%	1%
2020s	70	46%	34%	19%	1%

Tendances récentes (2010s → 2020s)

Coup	2010s	2020s	Δ
5…e6	44%	46%	▲ +1.5%
5…dxc4	29%	34%	▲ +5.5%
5…c6	26%	19%	▼ -6.9%
5…c5	1%	1%	+0.4%

Joueurs célèbres

Champions du monde dans cette position

Smyslov, Vladimir — 1 partie
Kasparov, Garry — 1 partie

Parties historiques

5…e6 — 43.4% (406 parties)

1950 — Gusev, Aleksandr vs Averbakh, Yuri L — 1/2-1/2 — Tula RUS
1953 — Shamaev, Leonid vs Korchnoi, Viktor — 0-1 — Leningrad RUS
1953 — Napolitano, Mario vs Abdi, Andreas — 0-1 — Lucerne SUI
1955 — Steiner, Herman vs Cross, Robert Gary — 1-0 — Hollywood, CA
1956 — Golombek, Harry vs Flores, Adrian — 1/2-1/2 — Moskou olm

5…dxc4 — 29.5% (276 parties)

1950 — O`leary, Christian vs Flood, J A — 0-1 — Belfast IRL
1952 — Porath, Yosef vs Cortlever, Nicolaas — 1-0 — Helsinki FIN
1952 — Bowen Jeremy vs Yanofsky, Daniel Abraham — 1/2-1/2 — Ilford
1956 — Assar, Djamaleddin vs Schmitt, Patrick — 1/2-1/2 — Moskou olm
1956 — Bagby, Charles L vs Gross, Henry — 1-0 — No. California

5…c6 — 25.8% (241 parties)

1954 — Smith, David vs Watson, Arthur T — 0-1 — Nottingham/ Nottinghamshire
1954 — Polugaevsky, Lev vs Geller, Alexander — 1-0 — Leningrad RUS
1957 — Kotov, Alexander vs Goldberg, Grigory — 1/2-1/2 — Kiev UKR
1959 — Taimanov, Mark vs Gurgenidze, Bukhuti — 1-0 — Tbilisi ch-URS
1959 — Taimanov, Mark vs Uhlmann, Wolfgang — 1/2-1/2 — Dresden GER

5…c5 — 1.0% (9 parties)

1983 — Suba, Mihai vs Dvoirys, Semen I. — 1/2-1/2 — Sochi RUS
1991 — Raffalt, Manfred vs Wildner, Reinhard — 1-0 — Graz AUT
1998 — Malaniuk, Vladimir P vs Walach, Marcin — 1/2-1/2 — Krakow POL
2013 — Lenaerts, Lennert vs Akhayan, Ruben — 0-1 — Antwerp BEL
2014 — Gempe, Thomas vs Mueller, Ralf — 1/2-1/2 — Dresden GER

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