D78a — Neo-Gruenfeld, 6.O-O c6

1.d4 Nf6 2.c4 g6 3.g3 d5 4.Bg2 Bg7 5.Nf3 O-O 6.O-O c6 ○ Trait aux Blancs

Ouverture — Centre fermé

♔ Point de vue Blancs

8 7 6 5 4 3 2 1

abcdefgh

Plan principal. Exploiter la case forte f4….

Atouts. Les Blancs s'appuient sur les cases fortes f4, e5 et g5 et la paire de fous.

Côté adverse. Les fous enfermés en g7 et c8.

En contrepartie. Plusieurs pièces dorment encore (le cavalier b1, le fou c1 et la tour a1).

Plans. Nc3 (Développer Nb1) ; Bg5 (Clouer Nf6) ; h3 (Empêcher ...Bg4).

♚ Point de vue Noirs

1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8

hgfedcba

Plan principal. Exploiter la case forte e4….

Atouts. Les Noirs s'appuient sur les cases fortes e4, g4 et f5 et la paire de fous.

Côté adverse. Les fous enfermés en c1 et g2 et une pièce en prise (le pion en c4).

En contrepartie. Plusieurs pièces dorment encore (le cavalier b8, le fou c8 et la tour a8).

Plans. ...Nbd7 (Développer Nb8) ; ...Bg4 (Développer Bc8, clouer Nf3) ; ...c5 (Rupture) ; ...e6 (Rupture) ; ...e5 (Rupture).

Avantages

Faiblesses adverses

Diagonale active

Plans

Structure de pions

	♔ Blancs	♚ Noirs
Pions doublés	—	—
Pions isolés	—	—
Arriérés	—	—
Chaînes	● f2→g3, h2→g3	● c6→d5, b7→c6, f7→g6, h7→g6
Passés	—	—
Majorité	—	—

Cases

	♔ Blancs	♚ Noirs
Cases fortes	● f4 (2v0), ● e5 (2v0), ● g5 (2v0)	● e4 (2v0), ● g4 (2v0), ● f5 (2v0)
Cases faibles	—	—
Centre	● d4 (2v0), ● e5 (2v0)	● d5 (3v1), ● e4 (2v0)

Colonnes et diagonales

♔ Blancs

♚ Noirs

Pièces

	♔ Blancs	♚ Noirs
Bc1	● Bc1 Non développé (mob. 5)
Bg2	● Bg2 Enfermé (mob. 2)
Bg7		● Bg7 Enfermé (mob. 2)
Bc8		● Bc8 Non développé (mob. 5)
Paire de fous	● Oui	● Oui
Non développées	3 (● b1, ● c1, ● a1)	3 (● b8, ● c8, ● a8)

Sécurité du roi

	♔ Blancs	♚ Noirs
Statut	● Roqué	● Roqué
Droits de roque	—	—

Thèmes

	♔ Blancs	♚ Noirs
Phase	Ouverture
Centre	fermé
Ruptures	● c4-c5	● …c6-c5, ● …e7-e6, ● …e7-e5

Partie
1936 Hastings3637 – Round 9 – Menchik, Vera – 1/2-1/2 – Feigin, M. – G43 1. Nf3 Nf6 2. c4 c6 3. g3 d5 4. Bg2 g6 5. O-O Bg7 6. d4 O-O 7. Bf4 dxc4 8. Qc1 Be6 9. Nbd2 Nd5 10. Bxb8 Rxb8
1951 Buenos Aires – Round 1 – Shocron, Ruben – 1-0 – Rebizzo, Cayetano – G17 1. d4 Nf6 2. Nf3 g6 3. g3 Bg7 4. Bg2 d5 5. O-O c6 6. c4 O-O 7. Bf4 h6 8. Qc1 Kh7 9. Rd1 Be6 10. Nbd2 Nbd7
1962 FRG-NED – Round 2.10 – Van Oosterom, Joop – 1/2-1/2 – Pfeiffer, Gerhard – G10 1. c4 c6 2. Nf3 d5 3. g3 Nf6 4. Bg2 g6 5. O-O Bg7 6. d3 O-O 7. Nc3 dxc4 8. d4 Nd5 9. e4 Nb6 10. Be3 N8d7
1970 IBM – Round 5 – Marovic, Drazen – 1/2-1/2 – Cortlever, Nico – G62 1. d4 Nf6 2. c4 g6 3. g3 c6 4. Bg2 d5 5. Nf3 Bg7 6. O-O O-O 7. b3 Ne4 8. Bb2 a5 9. Nbd2 Nxd2 10. Nxd2 Na6
1970 Palma de Mallorca Interzonal – Round 1 – Filip, Miroslav – 1/2-1/2 – Hort, Vlastimil – G120 1. d4 Nf6 2. c4 g6 3. g3 c6 4. Bg2 d5 5. Nd2 Bg7 6. Ngf3 O-O 7. O-O Bf5 8. b3 Ne4 9. Bb2 Qa5 10. Qc1 Nd7
1971 Moscow – Round 14 – Petrosian, Tigran V. – 1/2-1/2 – Tukmakov, Vladimir B – G115 1. d4 Nf6 2. Nf3 g6 3. c4 Bg7 4. g3 O-O 5. Bg2 c6 6. O-O d5 7. b3 Bf5 8. Bb2 a5 9. Nc3 Ne4 10. Rc1 Nxc3
1972 Skopje ol (Men) fin-A – Round 10 – Huebner, Robert – 1-0 – Gligoric, Svetozar – G370 1. g3 g6 2. Bg2 Bg7 3. d4 d5 4. Nf3 Nf6 5. O-O O-O 6. c4 c6 7. Ne5 Be6 8. cxd5 cxd5 9. Nc3 Nc6 10. Nxc6 bxc6
1972 Skopje ol (Men) fin-A – Round 15 – Pomar Salamanca, Arturo – 1/2-1/2 – Uhlmann, Wolfgang – G409 1. Nf3 Nf6 2. d4 g6 3. g3 Bg7 4. Bg2 d5 5. O-O O-O 6. c4 c6 7. b3 Bf5 8. Bb2 a5 9. Nc3 Ne4 10. Ne5 1/2-1/2
1972 Skopje ol (Men) fin-A – Round 6 – Pomar Salamanca, Arturo – 1/2-1/2 – Gligoric, Svetozar – G196 1. d4 Nf6 2. Nf3 g6 3. g3 Bg7 4. Bg2 O-O 5. O-O d5 6. c4 c6 7. b3 Bf5 8. Bb2 Nbd7 9. Nbd2 Be4 10. Nxe4 Nxe4
1975 Portoroz/Ljubljana – Round 12 – Garcia Martinez, Silvino – 1/2-1/2 – Osterman, Rudolf – G106 1. Nf3 d5 2. g3 Nf6 3. Bg2 g6 4. O-O Bg7 5. d4 O-O 6. c4 c6 7. b3 Bf5 8. Bb2 a5 9. Nc3 Ne4 10. Rc1 Nxc3
FIDE World Championship Match 2024 – Round 7 – Gukesh D – 1/2-1/2 – Ding Liren – G7 1. Nf3 d5 2. g3 g6 3. d4 Bg7 4. c4 c6 5. Bg2 Nf6 6. O-O O-O 7. Re1 dxc4 8. e4 Bg4 9. Nbd2 c5 10. d5 e6
FIDE World Cup 2019 – Round 1.1 – Cordova, Emilio – 0-1 – Dubov, Daniil – G6 1. c4 Nf6 2. Nf3 g6 3. g3 Bg7 4. Bg2 c6 5. O-O d5 6. d4 O-O 7. a4 Bf5 8. Na3 Be4 9. b3 Na6 10. Bb2 Nb4
FIDE World Cup 2019 – Round 3.6 – Tomashevsky, Evgeny – 1-0 – Nepomniachtchi, Ian – G350 1. d4 Nf6 2. c4 g6 3. Nf3 Bg7 4. g3 c6 5. Bg2 d5 6. O-O O-O 7. a4 Na6 8. Na3 Bf5 9. Bf4 Be4 10. Qb3 Qb6
Levitov Chess Week Rapid 2023 – Round 18.4 – Mamedyarov, Shakhriyar – 1-0 – Svidler, Peter – G89 1. d4 Nf6 2. c4 g6 3. g3 c6 4. Bg2 d5 5. Nf3 Bg7 6. O-O O-O 7. a4 a5 8. cxd5 cxd5 9. Qb3 Nc6 10. Na3 Ne4
Levitov Chess Week Rapid 2023 – Round 9.1 – Mamedyarov, Shakhriyar – 1/2-1/2 – Dubov, Daniil – G41 1. Nf3 d5 2. g3 g6 3. Bg2 Bg7 4. d4 Nf6 5. O-O O-O 6. c4 c6 7. a4 a5 8. cxd5 cxd5 9. Qb3 Nc6 10. Na3 Ne4
World Blitz 2019 – Round 1.37 – Adly, Ahmed – 0-1 – Antipov Olano, Maxim – G30 1. Nf3 Nf6 2. g3 g6 3. Bg2 Bg7 4. c4 c6 5. O-O O-O 6. d4 d5 7. a4 Be6 8. Na3 a5 9. Qb3 Na6 10. Ng5 dxc4
World Blitz 2019 – Round 18.16 – Mamedyarov, Shakhriyar – 1-0 – Paravyan, David – G1196 1. d4 Nf6 2. c4 g6 3. Nf3 Bg7 4. g3 c6 5. Bg2 d5 6. O-O O-O 7. a4 Be6 8. Ng5 Bf5 9. b3 c5 10. Bb2 cxd4
World Blitz 2019 – Round 4.23 – Adly, Ahmed – 1-0 – Aravindh, Chithambaram VR. – G247 1. Nf3 Nf6 2. g3 g6 3. Bg2 Bg7 4. O-O O-O 5. d4 d5 6. c4 c6 7. a4 a5 8. Na3 Na6 9. cxd5 Nxd5 10. e4 Nb6
World Blitz 2022 – Round 5.11 – Mamedyarov, Shakhriyar – 1-0 – Ivic, Velimir – G235 1. d4 Nf6 2. c4 g6 3. g3 c6 4. Nf3 d5 5. Bg2 Bg7 6. O-O O-O 7. a4 a5 8. cxd5 cxd5 9. Qb3 Nc6 10. Bf4 Nh5
World Blitz 2022 – Round 6.3 – Martirosyan, Haik M. – 0-1 – Giri, Anish – G304 1. d4 Nf6 2. c4 g6 3. Nf3 Bg7 4. g3 O-O 5. Bg2 c6 6. O-O d5 7. a4 a5 8. Bf4 Na6 9. cxd5 cxd5 10. Nc3 Bf5

D78a — Neo-Gruenfeld

1.d4 Nf6 2.c4 g6 3.g3 d5 4.Bg2 Bg7 5.Nf3 O-O 6.O-O c6

Les coups candidats

7.cxd5 — 36.5% (5327 parties) →

Ambassadeurs : Uhlmann, Wolfgang (17x), Yandemirov, Valeri (17x), Abramovic, Bosko (14x), Kirov, Nino (13x), Koehler, Josef (12x), Csom, Istvan (11x), Morcin, Tom (10x), Sepp, Olav (10x)

7.Nc3 — 16.3% (2385 parties) →

Ambassadeurs : Eckhardt, Claudia (16x), Matnadze Bujiashvili, Ann (16x), Piesik, Piotr (10x), Semmler, Guenter (7x), Schulz, Waldemar (5x), Beydullayeva, Govhar (5x), Korley, Kassa (4x), De Fotis, Gregory (3x)

7.b3 — 16.0% (2329 parties) →

Ambassadeurs : Nikolic, Predrag (16x), Drasko, Milan (16x), Dizdar, Goran (11x), Blagojevic, Dragisa (8x), Ivkov, Borislav (7x), Clemens, Christian, Dr. (7x), Calotescu, Ana-Cristina (6x), Svidler, Peter (6x)

7.Qb3 — 11.9% (1731 parties) →

Ambassadeurs : Loginov, Valery A (17x), Dreev, Aleksey (14x), Goldin, Alexander (9x), Movsziszian, Karen (9x), Sasikiran, Krishnan (9x), Weiss, Michael (8x), Tregubov, Pavel V. (8x), Luong Phuong Hanh (8x)

Analyse statistique des coups candidats

Répartition par niveau Elo (% des parties)

Tranche Elo	N parties	7.cxd5	7.Nc3	7.b3	7.Qb3
<1800	370	33%	34%	12%	5%
1800-2200	5284	33%	25%	16%	8%
2200-2600	6445	40%	8%	16%	16%
2600+	546	25%	3%	20%	25%

Évolution par décennie (% des parties)

Décennie	N parties	7.cxd5	7.Nc3	7.b3	7.Qb3
1920s	5	—	40%	20%	40%
1930s	27	56%	7%	4%	15%
1940s	43	23%	35%	5%	7%
1950s	159	42%	13%	13%	9%
1960s	265	34%	11%	18%	9%
1970s	354	43%	8%	15%	4%
1980s	510	53%	12%	6%	6%
1990s	2128	40%	18%	17%	9%
2000s	2823	43%	20%	12%	8%
2010s	5740	33%	17%	18%	15%
2020s	2535	32%	12%	19%	13%

Tendances récentes (2010s → 2020s)

Coup	2010s	2020s	Δ
7.cxd5	33%	32%	▼ -1.0%
7.Nc3	17%	12%	▼ -4.9%
7.b3	18%	19%	▲ +0.8%
7.Qb3	15%	13%	▼ -2.6%

Joueurs célèbres

Champions du monde dans cette position

Ju, Wenjun — 10 parties
Ding, Liren — 10 parties
Gukesh D — 10 parties
Kramnik, Vladimir — 9 parties
Carlsen, Magnus — 7 parties
Smyslov, Vladimir — 5 parties
Karpov, Anatoly — 5 parties
Kasparov, Garry — 3 parties
Euwe, Max — 2 parties
Anand, Viswanathan — 2 parties
Karpov, Aleksandr — 2 parties
Alekhine, Alexander — 1 partie
Botvinnik, Mikhail — 1 partie

Parties historiques

7.cxd5 — 36.5% (5327 parties)

1930 — Fernandez Coria, Valentin vs Gama Avila, Arnulfo Antonio — 0-1 — radiomatch
1932 — Reshevsky, Samuel vs Reinfeld, Fred — 0-1 — Pasadena, CA USA
1933 — Cross, Alfred Rupert Neale vs Ellison, Wallace Daykin — 1-0 — City of London CC
1936 — Friedmann Henryk vs Hamming, Alexander W — 1-0 — Munich GER
1936 — Frydman, Paulino vs Richter, Kurt P — 1-0 — Munich GER

7.Nc3 — 16.3% (2385 parties)

1923 — Zimmermann, Otto vs Maier, Adrian — 1/2-1/2 — Bern SUI
1929 — Alekhine, Alexander vs Bogoljubow, Efim — 1-0 — Deutschland/Niederlande
1938 — Vasiliev, Viktor A vs Mazel, Isaak Y — 0-1 — Leningrad RUS
1939 — Pelikán, Jiří vs Golombek, Harry — 1-0 — Buenos Aires ARG
1942 — Koltanowski, George vs White, Scott — 1-0 — Denver simul

7.b3 — 16.0% (2329 parties)

1928 — Bogoljubow, Efim vs Euwe, Max — 1-0 — The Netherlands
1931 — Goglidze, Viktor vs Yudovich, Mikhail M — 0-1 — Moskou ch-URS
1941 — Santasiere, Anthony vs Reshevsky, Samuel — 1/2-1/2 — Hamilton
1949 — Pirc, Vasja vs Tot, Bora — 1-0 — Zagreb CRO
1950 — Pirc, Vasja vs Najdorf, Miguel — 1/2-1/2 — Amsterdam NED

7.Qb3 — 11.9% (1731 parties)

1922 — Koenig, Imre vs Gruenfeld, Ernst — 0-1 — Vienna AUT
1923 — Rubinstein, Akiba vs Gruenfeld, Ernst — 1/2-1/2 — Maehrisch Ostrau
1934 — Heinicke, Herbert vs Krause, Kurt — 1-0 — Aachen GER
1939 — Friedemann, Gunnar vs De Ronde, Christiaan — 1-0 — Buenos Aires ARG
1939 — Konstantinopolsky, Alexander vs Reshevsky, Samuel — 1-0 — Leningrad RUS

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