D74b — Neo-Gruenfeld, 6.cxd5 Nxd5 7.O-O c6

1.d4 Nf6 2.c4 g6 3.g3 d5 4.Bg2 Bg7 5.Nf3 O-O 6.cxd5 Nxd5 7.O-O c6 * ○ Trait aux Blancs

Ouverture — Centre semi-ouvert

♔ Point de vue Blancs

8 7 6 5 4 3 2 1

abcdefgh

Plan principal. Exploiter la case forte f4….

Atouts. Les Blancs s'appuient sur une majorité de pions à l'centre (2 contre 1), les cases fortes f4, e5 et g5, la paire de fous et la colonne semi-ouverte c.

Côté adverse. Le fou enfermé en c8.

En contrepartie. Plusieurs pièces dorment encore (le cavalier b1, le fou c1 et la tour a1).

Plans. Nc3 (Développer Nb1) ; Be3 (Développer Bc1) ; h3 (Empêcher ...Bg4).

♚ Point de vue Noirs

1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8

hgfedcba

Plan principal. Exploiter la case forte d5.

Atouts. Les Noirs s'appuient sur une majorité de pions à l'aile_dame (3 contre 2), les cases fortes d5 et f5, un avant-poste en d5, un fou actif en g7, la paire de fous et la colonne semi-ouverte d.

Côté adverse. Les fous enfermés en c1 et g2.

En contrepartie. Plusieurs pièces dorment encore (le cavalier b8, le fou c8 et la tour a8).

Plans. ...Nbd7 (Développer Nb8) ; ...Bg4 (Développer Bc8, clouer Nf3) ; ...c5 (Rupture) ; ...e6 (Rupture) ; ...e5 (Rupture).

Avantages

Faiblesses adverses

Diagonale active

Plans

Structure de pions

	♔ Blancs	♚ Noirs
Pions doublés	—	—
Pions isolés	—	—
Arriérés	—	—
Chaînes	● f2→g3, h2→g3	● b7→c6, f7→g6, h7→g6
Passés	—	—
Majorité	● centre 2v1	● aile_dame 3v2

Cases

	♔ Blancs	♚ Noirs
Cases fortes	● f4 (2v1), ● e5 (2v1), ● g5 (2v0)	● d5 (2v0), ● f5 (2v0)
Cases faibles	—	—
Centre	● d4 (2v1), ● e5 (2v1)	● d5 (2v0)

Colonnes et diagonales

	♔ Blancs	♚ Noirs
Semi-ouvertes	● c	● d

Pièces

	♔ Blancs	♚ Noirs
Bc1	● Bc1 Non développé (mob. 5)
Bg2	● Bg2 Enfermé (mob. 2)
Bg7		● Bg7 Actif (mob. 5)
Bc8		● Bc8 Non développé (mob. 5)
Paire de fous	● Oui	● Oui
Non développées	3 (● b1, ● c1, ● a1)	3 (● b8, ● c8, ● a8)

Sécurité du roi

	♔ Blancs	♚ Noirs
Statut	● Roqué	● Roqué
Droits de roque	—	—

Thèmes

	♔ Blancs	♚ Noirs
Phase	Ouverture
Centre	semi-ouvert
Ruptures	● e2-e3	● …c6-c5, ● …e7-e6, ● …e7-e5, ● …f7-f6, ● …f7-f5

Partie
1926 Hastings2627 – Round ? – Teller, Alfred – 1-0 – Réti, Richard – G10 1. d4 Nf6 2. c4 g6 3. g3 Bg7 4. Bg2 d5 5. cxd5 Nxd5 6. Nf3 O-O 7. O-O c6 8. e4 Nf6 9. Nc3 Qa5 10. Qb3 b6
1929 Bradley Beach – Round 8 – Kupchik, Abraham – 1-0 – Cintron, Rafael L – G31 1. c4 Nf6 2. g3 d5 3. cxd5 Nxd5 4. Bg2 c6 5. Nf3 g6 6. O-O Bg7 7. d4 O-O 8. Nc3 Nd7 9. e4 Nxc3 10. bxc3 Qa5
1935 Buenos Aires – Round 1 – Grau, Roberto G – 1-0 – Castillo Larenas, Mariano – G19 1. d4 Nf6 2. c4 g6 3. g3 Bg7 4. Bg2 d5 5. cxd5 Nxd5 6. Nf3 O-O 7. O-O c6 8. Nc3 Nd7 9. e4 Nxc3 10. bxc3 Qa5
1936 Mar del Plata – Round 3 – Concepcion Villegas, Bryan Uriel – 1/2-1/2 – Bolbochan, J. – G27 1. Nf3 Nf6 2. g3 g6 3. Bg2 Bg7 4. O-O O-O 5. c4 c6 6. d4 d5 7. cxd5 Nxd5 8. e4 Nc7 9. Nc3 Nd7 10. Be3 h6
1937 Semmering/Baden – Round 8 – Keres, Paul – 1-0 – Flohr, Salo – G29 1. d4 Nf6 2. c4 g6 3. Nf3 Bg7 4. g3 c6 5. Bg2 d5 6. cxd5 Nxd5 7. O-O O-O 8. Nc3 Nxc3 9. bxc3 c5 10. Ba3 cxd4
1937 Stockholm ol – Round 12 – Dunkelblum, Arthur – 0-1 – Flohr, Salo – G69 1. d4 Nf6 2. c4 g6 3. g3 c6 4. Bg2 d5 5. cxd5 Nxd5 6. Nf3 Bg7 7. O-O O-O 8. h3 c5 9. dxc5 Na6 10. c6 bxc6
1938 Hastings3839 – Round 7 – Tylor, Theodore Henry – 0-1 – Szabo, Laszlo – G29 1. d4 Nf6 2. c4 g6 3. g3 Bg7 4. Bg2 d5 5. cxd5 Nxd5 6. Nf3 O-O 7. O-O c6 8. h3 Nd7 9. e4 Nc7 10. Nc3 e5
1938 Margate – Round 5 – Menchik, Vera Frantsevna – 1-0 – Thomas, George Alan – G28 1. Nf3 d5 2. d4 Nf6 3. c4 g6 4. cxd5 Nxd5 5. g3 Bg7 6. Bg2 O-O 7. O-O c6 8. Re1 Qb6 9. Na3 a5 10. e4 Nf6
1939 Buenos Aires ol f-A – Round 7 – Frydman, Paulino – 1-0 – Friedemann, Gunnar – G134 1. d4 Nf6 2. c4 g6 3. g3 Bg7 4. Bg2 d5 5. Nf3 O-O 6. O-O c6 7. cxd5 Nxd5 8. e4 Nc7 9. Nc3 Bg4 10. Be3 e5
1939 Margate – Round 6 – Golombek, Harry – 0-1 – Keres, Paul – G26 1. d4 Nf6 2. c4 g6 3. g3 d5 4. cxd5 Nxd5 5. Bg2 Bg7 6. Nf3 O-O 7. O-O c6 8. e4 Nb6 9. h3 Be6 10. Nc3 Na6
1940 New York ch-USA – Round 16 – Kashdan, Isaac – 1/2-1/2 – Pinkus, Albert – G96 1. d4 Nf6 2. c4 g6 3. Nf3 Bg7 4. g3 d5 5. cxd5 Nxd5 6. Bg2 O-O 7. O-O c6 8. Nbd2 Nb6 9. Nb3 Na6 10. Bf4 Be6
1940 USA Ch – Round 9 – Kupchik, Abraham – 1-0 – Green, Matthew R – G8 1. d4 Nf6 2. c4 g6 3. g3 Bg7 4. Bg2 d5 5. Nf3 O-O 6. cxd5 Nxd5 7. O-O c6 8. Nbd2 Nd7 9. Nc4 N5b6 10. Qc2 Nxc4
1943 Mar del Plata – Round 10 – Bolbochan, J. – 0-1 – Najdorf, Miguel – G68 1. c4 Nf6 2. Nf3 g6 3. g3 Bg7 4. Bg2 O-O 5. O-O d5 6. cxd5 Nxd5 7. d4 c6 8. Nc3 Nxc3 9. bxc3 Nd7 10. e4 e5
1946 Londen II – Round 1 – Koenig, Imre – 1-0 – Christoffel, Martin – G4 1. d4 Nf6 2. c4 g6 3. g3 Bg7 4. Bg2 d5 5. cxd5 Nxd5 6. Nf3 O-O 7. O-O c6 8. Nc3 Nb6 9. Bf4 Bg4 10. Ne5 Be6
1946 Nt – Round 14 – Ozols, Karlis – 1-0 – Nuernberg, Friedrich – G16 1. Nf3 d5 2. g3 Nf6 3. Bg2 g6 4. d4 Bg7 5. c4 O-O 6. cxd5 Nxd5 7. O-O c6 8. Nc3 Nd7 9. Nxd5 cxd5 10. Bf4 Nb6
1946 Nt Augsburg GER – Round 17 – Endzelins, Lucius – 1-0 – Palme, Rudolf – G33 1. d4 Nf6 2. Nf3 g6 3. g3 Bg7 4. Bg2 O-O 5. c4 d5 6. cxd5 Nxd5 7. O-O c6 8. Nbd2 Nd7 9. Nc4 N7b6 10. Qc2 Nxc4
1947 Chigorin Memorial – Round 1 – Novotelnov, Nikolai – 1-0 – Gligorić, Svetozar – G33 1. d4 Nf6 2. c4 g6 3. g3 Bg7 4. Bg2 d5 5. cxd5 Nxd5 6. Nf3 O-O 7. O-O c6 8. Nbd2 Na6 9. e4 Nb6 10. Nb3 Na4
1948 Budapest HUN – Round ? – Negyesy, Gyorgy – 1-0 – Sandor, Bela – G27 1. d4 Nf6 2. c4 g6 3. Nf3 Bg7 4. g3 d5 5. Bg2 O-O 6. O-O c6 7. cxd5 Nxd5 8. e4 Nb6 9. h3 c5 10. d5 e6
1948 Karlovy Vary – Round 8 – Gawlikowski, Stanislaw – 0-1 – Sajtar, Jaroslav – G85 1. d4 Nf6 2. c4 g6 3. Nf3 Bg7 4. g3 c6 5. Bg2 O-O 6. O-O d5 7. cxd5 Nxd5 8. Nc3 Nb6 9. Qd3 Be6 10. Rd1 Na6
1948 US Open – Round 3 – Kashdan, Isaac – 1-0 – Bain, Osias – G14 1. d4 Nf6 2. c4 g6 3. Nf3 Bg7 4. g3 O-O 5. Bg2 d5 6. cxd5 Nxd5 7. O-O c6 8. e4 Nb6 9. h3 Be6 10. Nc3 Na6
1950 HUN-ch06 – Round 1 – Barcza, Gedeon – 1-0 – Sandor, Bela – G61 1. Nf3 d5 2. g3 Nf6 3. Bg2 g6 4. d4 Bg7 5. c4 c6 6. cxd5 Nxd5 7. O-O O-O 8. Nc3 Na6 9. Qb3 Nb6 10. Rd1 Be6
1950 Interzonal – Round 3 – Matanovic, Aleksandar – 0-1 – Pilnik, Herman – G6 1. d4 Nf6 2. c4 g6 3. g3 d5 4. cxd5 Nxd5 5. Bg2 Bg7 6. Nf3 O-O 7. O-O c6 8. e4 Nb6 9. Na3 Bg4 10. Be3 Qd7
1951 Hungary Ch – Round 1 – Barcza, Gedeon – 1-0 – Koberl, Ferenc – G90 1. Nf3 Nf6 2. g3 g6 3. Bg2 Bg7 4. O-O d5 5. d4 O-O 6. c4 c6 7. cxd5 Nxd5 8. Nbd2 Nd7 9. Nc4 N7f6 10. b3 Ne4
1951 YUG Ch 6th – Round 11 – Gligoric, Svetozar – 1/2-1/2 – Milic, Borislav – G59 1. c4 Nf6 2. Nf3 g6 3. d4 Bg7 4. g3 O-O 5. Bg2 d5 6. cxd5 Nxd5 7. O-O c6 8. Nbd2 Na6 9. Nb3 Nac7 10. Bd2 Nb5
1952 Hungary Ch – Round 13 – Lengyel, Laszlo – 1-0 – Sandor, Balazs – G78 1. Nf3 Nf6 2. c4 g6 3. g3 Bg7 4. Bg2 O-O 5. O-O c6 6. d4 d5 7. cxd5 Nxd5 8. Nc3 Na6 9. Nxd5 Qxd5 10. Bf4 Qb5
1953 Mar del Plata – Round 1 – Maderna, Carlos – 1-0 – Rossetto, Hector – G21 1. d4 Nf6 2. c4 g6 3. g3 Bg7 4. Bg2 d5 5. cxd5 Nxd5 6. Nf3 O-O 7. O-O c6 8. Nc3 Nd7 9. Nxd5 cxd5 10. Qb3 Nb6
1954 CSR Ch – Round 14.3 – Urbanec, Karel – 0-1 – Ujtelky, Maximilian – G118 1. d4 Nf6 2. c4 g6 3. g3 Bg7 4. Bg2 d5 5. cxd5 Nxd5 6. Nf3 c6 7. O-O O-O 8. Nc3 Nxc3 9. bxc3 Nd7 10. e3 Qa5
1954 URS Ch, semi final – Round 1 – Moiseev, Oleg – 0-1 – Tarasov, Vitaly – G5 1. c4 Nf6 2. Nf3 g6 3. g3 Bg7 4. Bg2 O-O 5. O-O c6 6. d4 d5 7. cxd5 Nxd5 8. Nbd2 Nb6 9. e3 N8d7 10. b3 a5
1954 URS Ch, semi final – Round 12 – Ilivitsky, Georgy A – 1/2-1/2 – Kasparian, Genrikh – G103 1. Nf3 Nf6 2. c4 g6 3. g3 Bg7 4. Bg2 O-O 5. O-O d5 6. d4 c6 7. cxd5 Nxd5 8. e4 Nb6 9. h3 N8d7 10. Nc3 e5
1955 CSR Ch – Round 9 – Zita, Frantisek – 1/2-1/2 – Pithart, Frantisek – G72 1. Nf3 Nf6 2. g3 g6 3. Bg2 Bg7 4. O-O O-O 5. c4 c6 6. d4 d5 7. cxd5 Nxd5 8. Nc3 Nd7 9. Nxd5 cxd5 10. Bf4 Qb6
1955 Moscow Ch – Round 1 – Shcherbakov, Vitaly – 0-1 – Goldberg, Grigory A – G4 1. d4 Nf6 2. c4 g6 3. Nf3 Bg7 4. g3 O-O 5. Bg2 d5 6. cxd5 Nxd5 7. O-O c6 8. e4 Nc7 9. Nc3 Bg4 10. Qb3 b6
1958 Munich olm fin-A – Round 3 – Gligorić, Svetozar – 1-0 – Blau, Max – G19 1. d4 Nf6 2. c4 g6 3. g3 Bg7 4. Bg2 d5 5. cxd5 Nxd5 6. Nf3 O-O 7. O-O c6 8. Nbd2 Nd7 9. Nc4 N5b6 10. Na5 Qc7
1959 Hoogovens – Round 1 – Langeweg, Kick – 0-1 – Olafsson, Fridrik – G26 1. Nf3 Nf6 2. g3 g6 3. Bg2 Bg7 4. O-O O-O 5. c4 d5 6. d4 c6 7. cxd5 Nxd5 8. e4 Nb6 9. h3 Na6 10. a4 c5
1960 Nimzowitsch Memorial – Round ? – Nielsen, Poul Erik – 1/2-1/2 – Enevoldsen, Jens – G23 1. Nf3 Nf6 2. c4 g6 3. g3 Bg7 4. Bg2 O-O 5. O-O d5 6. cxd5 Nxd5 7. d4 c6 8. Nc3 Nb6 9. h3 Na6 10. a4 c5
1963 YUG Ch 19th – Round 7 – Jovanic R – 0-1 – Trifunovic, Petar – G23 1. d4 d5 2. c4 c6 3. Nf3 Nf6 4. g3 g6 5. Bg2 Bg7 6. O-O O-O 7. cxd5 Nxd5 8. Nbd2 Nb6 9. Nb3 Na6 10. Bf4 Nd5
1964 ESP Ch 29th – Round 11 – Visier Segovia, Fernando – 1/2-1/2 – Prada Rubin, Fernando – G43 1. d4 Nf6 2. g3 g6 3. Bg2 d5 4. c4 Bg7 5. Nf3 O-O 6. O-O c6 7. cxd5 Nxd5 8. e4 Nc7 9. h3 Nb5 10. e5 Be6
1964 Zagreb – Round 12 – Marovic, Drazen – 1/2-1/2 – Bertok, Mario Jr. – G65 1. d4 Nf6 2. c4 g6 3. g3 Bg7 4. Bg2 d5 5. cxd5 Nxd5 6. Nf3 O-O 7. O-O c6 8. e4 Nb6 9. h3 Be6 10. Nc3 h6
1965 Leipzig Inter-1 – Round 14 – Opocensky, Karel – 0-1 – Hennings, Artur – G50 1. d4 d5 2. Nf3 c6 3. c4 Nf6 4. g3 g6 5. Bg2 Bg7 6. O-O O-O 7. cxd5 Nxd5 8. Nc3 Nb6 9. Qc2 Bg4 10. Rd1 Na6
1969 IBM I – Round 12 – Portisch, Lajos – 1/2-1/2 – Stein, Leon Rico – G45 1. d4 Nf6 2. c4 g6 3. Nf3 Bg7 4. g3 d5 5. cxd5 Nxd5 6. Bg2 c6 7. O-O O-O 8. Nc3 Nb6 9. e3 a5 10. b3 Na6

D74b — Neo-Gruenfeld

1.d4 Nf6 2.c4 g6 3.g3 d5 4.Bg2 Bg7 5.Nf3 O-O 6.cxd5 Nxd5 7.O-O c6

Les coups candidats

8.e4 — 54.7% (490 parties)

Ambassadeurs : Gutman, Lev (5x), Cividali, Emilio (3x), Vehreschild, Axel (3x), Frydman, Paulino (2x), Friedemann, Gunnar (2x), Golombek, Harry (2x), Groh, Jiri (2x), Stern, Rene (2x)

8.Nc3 — 32.5% (291 parties)

Ambassadeurs : Vontina, Maria (4x), Johanson, Frans (3x), Miskus, Ivan (2x), Polacek, Jozef (2x), Khasanova, Flyura (2x), Volodin, Viktor (2x), Ippolito, Dean (2x), Bolbochan, J. (1x)

8.h3 — 7.1% (64 parties)

Ambassadeurs : Tukmakov, Vladimir B (2x), Dvoirys, Semen I. (2x), Kursova, Maria (2x), Bannikova, Anastasia (2x), Ruck, Robert (2x), Dunkelblum, Arthur (1x), Flohr, Salo (1x), Tylor, Theodore Henry (1x)

8.Nbd2 — 2.7% (24 parties)

Ambassadeurs : Gligorić, Svetozar (2x), Neckerman, M. (1x), Kitces, S (1x), Kashdan, Isaac (1x), Pinkus, Albert (1x), Novotelnov, Nikolai (1x), Kupchik, Abraham (1x), Green, Matthew R (1x)

Analyse statistique des coups candidats

Répartition par niveau Elo (% des parties)

Tranche Elo	N parties	8.e4	8.Nc3	8.h3	8.Nbd2
<1800	29	45%	48%	3%	—
1800-2200	438	56%	32%	6%	2%
2200-2600	210	58%	25%	14%	2%
2600+	1	100%	—	—	—

Évolution par décennie (% des parties)

Décennie	N parties	8.e4	8.Nc3	8.h3	8.Nbd2
1920s	2	50%	50%	—	—
1930s	13	54%	15%	15%	8%
1940s	15	40%	33%	—	27%
1950s	25	40%	44%	—	16%
1960s	13	46%	38%	—	8%
1970s	20	35%	50%	10%	5%
1980s	38	47%	34%	13%	—
1990s	143	55%	31%	8%	2%
2000s	247	56%	31%	8%	2%
2010s	341	56%	34%	6%	1%
2020s	39	67%	18%	8%	5%

Tendances récentes (2010s → 2020s)

Coup	2010s	2020s	Δ
8.e4	56%	67%	▲ +10.7%
8.Nc3	34%	18%	▼ -15.8%
8.h3	6%	8%	▲ +1.8%
8.Nbd2	1%	5%	▲ +4.0%

Joueurs célèbres

Champions du monde dans cette position

Botvinnik, Mikhail — 1 partie

Parties historiques

8.e4 — 54.7% (490 parties)

1926 — Teller, Alfred vs Réti, Richard — 1-0 — Hastings ENG
1936 — Concepcion Villegas, Bryan Uriel vs Bolbochan, J. — 1/2-1/2 — Mar del Plata ARG
1938 — Koenig, Imre vs List, Paul — 1-0 — Hastings ENG
1939 — Frydman, Paulino vs Friedemann, Gunnar — 1-0 — olm Buenos Aires
1939 — Golombek, Harry vs Keres, Paul — 0-1 — Margate ENG

8.Nc3 — 32.5% (291 parties)

1929 — Kupchik, Abraham vs Cintron, Rafael L — 1-0 — Bradley Beach
1935 — Grau, Roberto G vs Castillo Larenas, Mariano — 1-0 — Buenos Aires ARG
1937 — Keres, Paul vs Flohr, Salo — 1-0 — Semmering AUT
1943 — Bolbochan, J. vs Najdorf, Miguel — 0-1 — Mar del Plata ARG
1946 — Koenig, Imre vs Christoffel, Martin — 1-0 — Londen II

8.h3 — 7.1% (64 parties)

1937 — Dunkelblum, Arthur vs Flohr, Salo — 0-1 — Stockholm SWE
1938 — Tylor, Theodore Henry vs Szabo, Laszlo — 0-1 — Hastings ENG
1976 — Sveshnikov, Evgeny vs Hammer, Peter — 1-0 — Bucharest ROU
1979 — Monnard, Laurent vs Levacic, Damir — 1/2-1/2 — Courchevel
1983 — Landenbergue, Claude vs Gereben, Erno — 1-0 — Bern SMM

8.Nbd2 — 2.7% (24 parties)

1939 — Neckerman, M. vs Kitces, S — 1-0 — New York ch-ACF prel
1940 — Kashdan, Isaac vs Pinkus, Albert — 1/2-1/2 — New York, NY USA
1940 — Kupchik, Abraham vs Green, Matthew R — 1-0 — New York, NY USA
1946 — Endzelins, Lucius vs Palme, Rudolf — 1-0 — Nt Augsburg GER
1947 — Novotelnov, Nikolai vs Gligorić, Svetozar — 1-0 — Moscow RUS

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