Structure de pions

	♔ Blancs	♚ Noirs
Pions doublés	—	● c4, ● c7
Pions isolés	—	—
Arriérés	—	—
Chaînes	—	● b7→a6
Passés	—	—
Majorité	—	● aile dame 4v2

Cases

	♔ Blancs	♚ Noirs
Cases fortes	● e5 (2v0), ● g5 (2v0)	—
Cases faibles	—	—
Centre	● d4 (2v1), ● e5 (2v0)	● d5 (1v0)

Colonnes et diagonales

	♔ Blancs	♚ Noirs
Semi-ouvertes	● c	● d

Pièces

	♔ Blancs	♚ Noirs
Bc1	● Bc1 Non développé (mob. 5)
Bf1	● Bf1 Non développé (mob. 0)
Bc8		● Bc8 Non développé (mob. 5)
Bf8		● Bf8 Non développé (mob. 0)
Paire de fous	● Oui	● Oui
Non développées	5 (● b1, ● c1, ● f1, ● a1, ● h1)	6 (● b8, ● g8, ● c8, ● f8, ● a8, ● h8)

Sécurité du roi

	♔ Blancs	♚ Noirs
Statut	● Au centre	● Au centre
Droits de roque	O-O / O-O-O	O-O / O-O-O

Thèmes

	♔ Blancs	♚ Noirs
Phase	Ouverture
Centre	mobile
Ruptures	—	● …c4-c3, ● …c7-c5, ● …e7-e5

D21v — QGA: Alekhine, 4.a4

1.d4 d5 2.c4 dxc4 3.Nf3 a6 4.a4 * ● Trait aux Noirs

Ouverture — Centre mobile

♔ Point de vue Blancs

8 7 6 5 4 3 2 1

abcdefgh

Plans. e3 (Libérer Bf1, préparer Bd3 — 62 % des parties) ; Nc3 (Développer b1 — 29 % des parties).

♚ Point de vue Noirs

1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8

hgfedcba

Plans. ...Nf6 (Développer g8 — 81 % des parties) ; ...Nc6 (Développer b8 — 7 % des parties) ; ...c5 (Frapper le centre adverse — 6 % des parties).

Avantages

Faiblesses

Diagonale active

Plans

Partie
1936 Bad Nauheim – Round 4 – Ahues, Carl – 0-1 – Alekhine, Alexander – G17 1. d4 d5 2. c4 dxc4 3. Nf3 a6 4. a4 Nf6 5. e3 Bg4 6. Bxc4 e6 7. Nc3 Nc6 8. Be2 Bb4 9. O-O O-O 10. Nd2 Bxe2
1937 Stockholm ol – Round 19 – Gilfer, Eggert – 0-1 – Book, Eero – G104 1. d4 d5 2. c4 dxc4 3. Nf3 a6 4. a4 Nf6 5. e3 Bg4 6. Bxc4 e6 7. Qb3 Nc6 8. Bd2 Rb8 9. O-O Bd6 10. Be2 O-O
1938 New York – Round 1 – Platz, Joseph – 0-1 – Moskowitz, Jack – G4 1. d4 d5 2. c4 dxc4 3. Nf3 a6 4. a4 Nf6 5. e3 Bg4 6. Bxc4 e6 7. Nbd2 Nc6 8. O-O Bd6 9. Be2 O-O 10. Nc4 Re8
1941 New York – Round 1 – Levine, L. – 0-1 – Seidman, Herbert – G7 1. d4 d5 2. c4 dxc4 3. Nf3 a6 4. a4 Nf6 5. e3 Bg4 6. Bxc4 e6 7. Nc3 Nc6 8. Be2 Bd6 9. h3 Bh5 10. O-O O-O
1947 Leningrad ch-URS – Round 15 – Ragozin, Viacheslav – 1/2-1/2 – Flohr, Salo – G138 1. d4 d5 2. c4 dxc4 3. Nf3 a6 4. a4 Nf6 5. e3 Bg4 6. Bxc4 e6 7. Nc3 Nc6 8. Be2 Bd6 9. h3 Bh5 10. Nd2 Bxe2
1950 Dubrovnik olm – Round 11 – Zapata Vinces, Mario – 1/2-1/2 – Letelier Martner, Rene – G151 1. d4 d5 2. c4 dxc4 3. Nf3 a6 4. a4 c5 5. e3 Bg4 6. Bxc4 e6 7. O-O Nc6 8. Nc3 cxd4 9. exd4 Bxf3 10. Qxf3 Qxd4
1950 URS Ch sf Tartu – Round 11 – Novotelnov, Nikolai – 0-1 – Flohr, Salo – G11 1. d4 d5 2. c4 dxc4 3. Nf3 a6 4. a4 Nf6 5. e3 Bg4 6. Bxc4 e6 7. Qb3 Nc6 8. Bd2 Rb8 9. O-O Bd6 10. Qc2 O-O
1952 Helsinki olm – Round 1 – Acosta Cruz, Oscar Yosimar – 0-1 – Lundin, Erik – G22 1. d4 d5 2. c4 dxc4 3. Nf3 a6 4. a4 Nf6 5. e3 Bg4 6. Bxc4 e6 7. Qb3 Bxf3 8. gxf3 Nc6 9. Bd2 Rb8 10. Na3 Bd6
1952 JUG Ch – Round 11 – Udovcic, Mijo – 1/2-1/2 – Rabar, Braslav – G67 1. d4 d5 2. c4 dxc4 3. Nf3 a6 4. a4 Nf6 5. e3 Bg4 6. Bxc4 e6 7. Qb3 Nc6 8. Be2 Bb4+ 9. Bd2 Qd5 10. Bc4 Qd6
1954 Munich zt – Round 15 – Mulcahy, Edmond – 1-0 – Aitken, James – G95 1. d4 d5 2. c4 dxc4 3. Nf3 a6 4. a4 c5 5. e3 Bg4 6. Bxc4 e6 7. d5 Nf6 8. dxe6 Qxd1+ 9. Kxd1 fxe6 10. h3 Bf5
1959 UKR Ch – Round 15 – Zamikhovsky, Abram – 1-0 – ? – G109 1. d4 d5 2. c4 dxc4 3. Nf3 a6 4. a4 Nf6 5. e3 Bg4 6. Bxc4 e6 7. Nc3 Nc6 8. h3 Bh5 9. Be2 Bg6 10. O-O Bd6
1960 AUS Ch – Round 6.3 – Geus, William J – 0-1 – Bagirov, Vladimir – G26 1. d4 d5 2. c4 dxc4 3. Nf3 a6 4. a4 c5 5. Nc3 Nc6 6. d5 Na5 7. e4 Bg4 8. Be3 e5 9. dxe6 Bxe6 10. Ng5 Nf6
1960 Olympiad prel III – Round 3 – Gunnarsson, Gunnar K – 0-1 – Lundin, Erik – G17 1. d4 d5 2. c4 dxc4 3. Nf3 a6 4. a4 Nf6 5. e3 Bg4 6. Bxc4 e6 7. Nc3 Nc6 8. O-O Bd6 9. Be2 O-O 10. h3 Bh5
1965 Reggio Emilia 6566 08th – Round 2 – Beggi, Pierluigi – 0-1 – Tatai, Stefano – G5 1. d4 d5 2. c4 dxc4 3. Nf3 a6 4. a4 Nc6 5. e3 Bg4 6. Bxc4 e6 7. Nc3 Nf6 8. O-O Bd6 9. b3 Qe7 10. Be2 e5
7. Mikhail Tal Memorial 2012 – Round 2 – Caruana, Fabiano – 1/2-1/2 – Nakamura, Hikaru – G6 1. d4 d5 2. c4 dxc4 3. Nf3 a6 4. a4 Nf6 5. e3 e6 6. Bxc4 b6 7. O-O Bb7 8. Qe2 Nbd7 9. Rd1 Bb4 10. Bd2 Bd6
World Blitz 2017 – Round 12.44 – Inarkiev, Ernesto – 1-0 – Malakhatko, Vadim – G639 1. d4 d5 2. c4 dxc4 3. Nf3 a6 4. a4 Nf6 5. e3 Bg4 6. Bxc4 e6 7. O-O Nc6 8. Nbd2 Be7 9. h3 Bh5 10. b3 O-O
World Rapid 2019 – Round 2.22 – Aravindh, Chithambaram VR. – 1/2-1/2 – Alekseenko, Kirill – G94 1. d4 d5 2. c4 dxc4 3. Nf3 a6 4. a4 Nf6 5. e3 Bg4 6. Bxc4 e6 7. Nc3 Nc6 8. h3 Bh5 9. O-O Bd6 10. Be2 O-O

D21v — QGA: Alekhine (1936)

1.d4 d5 2.c4 dxc4 3.Nf3 a6 4.a4

Les coups candidats

4…Nf6 — 64.6% (587 parties)

Ambassadeurs : Baburin, Alexander (5x), Donchenko, Anatoly (5x), Alekseenko, Kirill (5x), Mayer, Steven F. (4x), Sadler, Matthew D (4x), Yakovich, Yuri (4x), Sulava, Nenad (4x), Jonkman, Harmen (4x)

4…Nc6 — 23.9% (217 parties)

Ambassadeurs : Reddy, Tyler (3x), Varga, Zoltan (3x), Dlugy, Maxim (3x), Marzano, Carlo (3x), Huschenbeth, Niclas (3x), Ruefenacht, Matthias (3x), Krush, Irina (3x), Eperjesi, Laszlo Dr. (2x)

4…c5 — 4.4% (40 parties)

Ambassadeurs : Shelk, Alexander (2x), Bastholm, Joergen (1x), Horvath, Jozsef M (1x), Zapata Vinces, Mario (1x), Letelier Martner, Rene (1x), Geus, William J (1x), Bagirov, Vladimir (1x), Mulcahy, Edmond (1x)

4…e6 — 3.2% (29 parties)

Ambassadeurs : Savchenko, Aleksij (2x), Aturupane, Harinlal (1x), Anand, Viswanathan (1x), Souren, E. (1x), Pluymen, J. (1x), Salaske, Peter (1x), Eck, W. (1x), Lassila, Erkki (1x)

Analyse statistique des coups candidats

Répartition par niveau Elo (% des parties)

Tranche Elo	N parties	4…Nf6	4…Nc6	4…c5	4…e6
<1800	32	62%	25%	—	6%
1800-2200	344	56%	29%	5%	4%
2200-2600	399	68%	24%	4%	2%
2600+	15	73%	20%	—	7%

Évolution par décennie (% des parties)

Décennie	N parties	4…Nf6	4…Nc6	4…c5	4…e6
1950s	24	79%	—	12%	—
1960s	17	82%	6%	12%	—
1970s	16	75%	6%	19%	—
1980s	63	81%	6%	2%	5%
1990s	166	79%	13%	3%	3%
2000s	220	67%	23%	3%	4%
2010s	299	57%	29%	6%	3%
2020s	103	40%	51%	2%	3%

Tendances récentes (2010s → 2020s)

Coup	2010s	2020s	Δ
4…Nf6	57%	40%	▼ -17.4%
4…Nc6	29%	51%	▲ +22.7%
4…c5	6%	2%	▼ -4.1%
4…e6	3%	3%	-0.1%

Joueurs célèbres

Champions du monde dans cette position

Anand, Viswanathan — 2 parties
Ju, Wenjun — 1 partie

Parties historiques

4…Nf6 — 64.6% (587 parties)

1950 — Novotelnov, Nikolai vs Flohr, Salo — 0-1 — URS-ch sf Tartu
1951 — Lopez, Alberto vs Rivise, Irving — 0-1 — Los Angeles, CA USA
1951 — Staldi, Cherubino vs Emden, Hermann — 1/2-1/2 — Venice ITA
1952 — Suyker, A vs Pelton, Edwin — 1-0 — cr.
1952 — Fox, Maurice vs Brunet, Phil — 1-0 — Montreal CAN

4…Nc6 — 23.9% (217 parties)

1965 — Beggi, Pierluigi vs Tatai, Stefano — 0-1 — Reggio Emilia ITA
1978 — Nilles, Emile vs Ruefenacht, Matthias — 0-1 — Mitropa Cup
1981 — Andersen, Ib vs Rosell, Percy — 1-0 — Helsingor
1982 — Sprotte, Norbert vs Seppelt, Alfred — 1/2-1/2 — Berlin GER
1989 — Oney, Adil Feridun vs Westerinen, Heikki M.J. — 0-1 — Haifa etc

4…c5 — 4.4% (40 parties)

1950 — Zapata Vinces, Mario vs Letelier Martner, Rene — 1/2-1/2 — Dubrovnik olm
1953 — Bisguier, Arthur B vs Gross, Henry — 0-1 — San Francisco, CA USA
1954 — Mulcahy, Edmond vs Abiolla James — 1-0 — Munich GER
1960 — Geus, William J vs Bagirov, Vladimir — 0-1 — Adelaide AUS
1964 — Bastholm, Joergen vs Horvath, Jozsef M — 0-1 — Bad Kuehlungsborn

4…e6 — 3.2% (29 parties)

1985 — Souren, E. vs Pluymen, J. — 0-1 — Voerendaal
1986 — Aturupane, Harinlal vs Anand, Viswanathan — 0-1 — Dubai olm
1987 — Salaske, Peter vs Eck, W. — 1/2-1/2 — corr DDR
1991 — Noble, Mark Frederick vs Szilagyi, Sandor — 1/2-1/2 — CIF CP1-91-0228B
1996 — Draskovic, Dragan vs Nikolic, Zoran — 1/2-1/2 — Niska Banja

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