Structure de pions

	♔ Blancs	♚ Noirs
Pions doublés	—	● c4, ● c7
Pions isolés	—	—
Arriérés	—	—
Chaînes	—	—
Passés	—	—
Majorité	—	● aile dame 4v2

Cases

	♔ Blancs	♚ Noirs
Cases fortes	—	—
Cases faibles	● d4	—
Centre	● e4 (1v0), ● e5 (1v0)	● d4 (2v1)

Colonnes et diagonales

	♔ Blancs	♚ Noirs
Semi-ouvertes	● c	● d

Pièces

	♔ Blancs	♚ Noirs
Bc1	● Bc1 Non développé (mob. 5)
Bf1	● Bf1 Non développé (mob. 0)
Bc8		● Bc8 Non développé (mob. 5)
Bf8		● Bf8 Non développé (mob. 5)
Paire de fous	● Oui	● Oui
Non développées	5 (● g1, ● c1, ● f1, ● a1, ● h1)	6 (● b8, ● g8, ● c8, ● f8, ● a8, ● h8)

Sécurité du roi

	♔ Blancs	♚ Noirs
Statut	● Au centre	● Au centre
Droits de roque	O-O / O-O-O	O-O / O-O-O

Thèmes

	♔ Blancs	♚ Noirs
Phase	Ouverture
Centre	tension
Ruptures	● f2-f4	● …c7-c5

D20i — QGA: 3.Nc3 e5

1.d4 d5 2.c4 dxc4 3.Nc3 e5 * ○ Trait aux Blancs

Ouverture — Tension centrale

♔ Point de vue Blancs

8 7 6 5 4 3 2 1

abcdefgh

Plans. d5 (Occuper le centre — 38 % des parties) ; e3 (Libérer Bf1, préparer Bd3 — 30 % des parties) ; Nf3 (Développer g1 — 17 % des parties) ; dxe5 (Capture en e5, Occuper le centre — 12 % des parties).

♚ Point de vue Noirs

1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8

hgfedcba

Plans. ...exd4 (Capture en d4, Occuper le centre — 44 % des parties) ; ...c6 (Renforcer le centre — 17 % des parties) ; ...Nf6 (Développer g8 — 10 % des parties).

Avantages

Faiblesses

Diagonale active

Plans

Partie
1904 Cambridge Springs – Round 14 – Marshall Viele, Fabrizio Aaron – 1/2-1/2 – Napier, William – G65 1. d4 d5 2. c4 e5 3. Nc3 dxc4 4. e3 exd4 5. exd4 Nf6 6. Bxc4 Be7 7. Nf3 O-O 8. h3 Nbd7 9. O-O Nb6 10. Bb3 Nbd5
1924 New York – Round 13 – Marshall Viele, Fabrizio Aaron – 1-0 – Janowski, Dawid – G75 1. d4 d5 2. c4 dxc4 3. Nc3 e5 4. e3 exd4 5. exd4 Nc6 6. Nf3 Nf6 7. Bxc4 Bd6 8. O-O O-O 9. Bg5 Bg4 10. Nd5 Be7
1924 New York, NY USA – Round 13 – Marshall, Frank – 1-0 – Janowski, Dawid – G3 1. d4 d5 2. c4 dxc4 3. Nc3 e5 4. e3 exd4 5. exd4 Nc6 6. Nf3 Nf6 7. Bxc4 Bd6 8. O-O O-O 9. Bg5 Bg4 10. Nd5 Be7
1936 BCF Ch 29th – Round 10 – Davey, Stanley Clifford – 1-0 – Ritson-Morry, William – G22 1. d4 d5 2. c4 dxc4 3. Nc3 e5 4. e3 exd4 5. exd4 Nf6 6. Bxc4 Bd6 7. Be3 O-O 8. Nge2 Nc6 9. Qd2 Re8 10. O-O Bf5
1942 Moscow RUS – Round 1 – Duz-Khotimirsky, Fedor Ivanovich – 0-1 – Yudovich, Mikhail M – G3 1. d4 d5 2. c4 dxc4 3. Nc3 e5 4. e3 exd4 5. exd4 Nc6 6. Nf3 Bd6 7. Bxc4 Nf6 8. O-O O-O 9. h3 Bf5 10. Be3 Qd7
1947 San Pablo blind sim – Round 43 – Vamos J – 0-1 – Najdorf, Miguel – G38 1. d4 d5 2. c4 dxc4 3. Nc3 e5 4. Nf3 exd4 5. Nxd4 a6 6. Qa4+ Nd7 7. Qxc4 Ngf6 8. Bf4 c5 9. Nf5 Nb6 10. Qb3 Bxf5
1948 Budapest – Round 8 – Tartakower, Savielly – 1-0 – Füster, Géza – G42 1. d4 d5 2. c4 dxc4 3. Nc3 e5 4. d5 c6 5. e4 Bb4 6. Bxc4 Nf6 7. Qb3 Qd6 8. Ne2 Nxe4 9. dxc6 O-O 10. O-O Bxc3
1948 Budapest HUN – Round 1 – Tartakower, Savielly – 1-0 – Füster, Géza – G1 1. d4 d5 2. c4 dxc4 3. Nc3 e5 4. d5 c6 5. e4 Bb4 6. Bxc4 Nf6 7. Qb3 Qd6 8. Ne2 Nxe4 9. dxc6 O-O 10. O-O Bxc3
1948 Moskou ch-URS – Round 5 – Kotov Lundqvist, Alex – 1-0 – Kholmov, Ratmir D – G45 1. d4 d5 2. c4 e5 3. Nc3 dxc4 4. d5 Nf6 5. e4 c6 6. Bxc4 Bb4 7. Qb3 Qa5 8. Bd2 O-O 9. a3 Bxc3 10. Bxc3 Qc7
1950 OWL Ch – Round 4 – Hantke Rolf – 1-0 – Haefner Erich – G10 1. d4 d5 2. c4 dxc4 3. Nc3 e5 4. d5 Nf6 5. e4 c6 6. Bxc4 Bb4 7. Qd3 O-O 8. Ne2 cxd5 9. Bxd5 Nc6 10. Bg5 Bxc3+
1950 Southsea – Round 10 – Alexander, F. – 1-0 – Bisguier, Arthur B – G41 1. d4 d5 2. c4 dxc4 3. Nc3 e5 4. e3 exd4 5. exd4 Nf6 6. Bxc4 Be7 7. Nf3 O-O 8. O-O Bg4 9. Be3 Nbd7 10. Rc1 Nb6
1956 Moskou olm – Round 2 – Benitez Rodriguez, Carlos – 0-1 – Szilagyi, Gyorgy Laszlo – G2 1. d4 d5 2. c4 dxc4 3. Nc3 e5 4. d5 c6 5. e4 Nf6 6. Bg5 Bb4 7. Bxf6 Qxf6 8. Bxc4 O-O 9. Ne2 Nd7 10. O-O Nb6
1958 NLD Ch Amsterdam NED – Round 7 – Jonkman, Meinard – 0-1 – Cortlever, Nico – G7 1. d4 d5 2. c4 dxc4 3. Nc3 e5 4. d5 Nf6 5. Bg5 Nbd7 6. e4 Nb6 7. Nf3 h6 8. Bh4 Bg4 9. Bxc4 Nxc4 10. Qa4+ Qd7
1963 FRG Ch 07th – Round 4 – Troeger, Paul – 0-1 – Bachmann, Karlheinz – G8 1. d4 d5 2. c4 dxc4 3. Nc3 e5 4. d5 Bd6 5. e4 Ne7 6. Bxc4 Nd7 7. Nge2 O-O 8. Be3 f5 9. f3 Nf6 10. Qd2 a6
1964 BRA Ch – Round 8 – Dos Santos Teofilo, Alberto – 0-1 – Camara, Helder – G26 1. d4 d5 2. c4 dxc4 3. Nc3 e5 4. dxe5 Qxd1+ 5. Nxd1 Nc6 6. Bd2 Nxe5 7. Nc3 Bd7 8. f4 Ng4 9. h3 N4f6 10. Nf3 Nh5
1964 Tel Aviv olm – Round 10 – Aloni, Itzchak – 1-0 – Bialas, Wojciech – G134 1. d4 d5 2. c4 dxc4 3. Nc3 e5 4. e3 exd4 5. exd4 Nf6 6. Bxc4 Be7 7. Nf3 O-O 8. O-O Nc6 9. h3 Bf5 10. Be3 Ne4
1966 Havana CUB – Round 3 – Campomanes, Florencio – 1/2-1/2 – Cassidy, Paul L. – G23 1. d4 d5 2. c4 dxc4 3. Nc3 e5 4. d5 f5 5. e4 Nf6 6. exf5 Bxf5 7. Bxc4 Bd6 8. Nge2 Nbd7 9. Ng3 Bg6 10. O-O O-O
1967 Sofia tt – Round 2 – Trikaliotis, Georgios – 0-1 – Hennings, Artur – G16 1. d4 d5 2. c4 dxc4 3. Nc3 e5 4. Nf3 exd4 5. Nxd4 c6 6. a4 Bc5 7. e3 Bxd4 8. exd4 Be6 9. Be3 Ne7 10. a5 Nd7
Interpolis 1983 – Round 1 – Vaganian, Rafael A – 0-1 – Huebner, Robert – G9 1. d4 d5 2. c4 dxc4 3. Nc3 e5 4. e3 exd4 5. exd4 Nf6 6. Bxc4 Be7 7. Nf3 O-O 8. O-O Nbd7 9. Re1 Nb6 10. Bb3 c6
Mar del Plata 1982 – Round 1 – Timman, Jan H – 1-0 – Panno, Oscar – G20 1. d4 d5 2. c4 dxc4 3. Nc3 e5 4. e3 exd4 5. exd4 Nf6 6. Bxc4 Be7 7. Nf3 O-O 8. h3 Nbd7 9. O-O Nb6 10. Bb3 c6

D20i — QGA (1904)

1.d4 d5 2.c4 dxc4 3.Nc3 e5

Les coups candidats

4.d5 — 38.2% (429 parties)

Ambassadeurs : Bogut, Zeljko (3x), Flegel, Gerhard (3x), Sarakauskiene, Zivile (3x), Jordao Barbosa, Marcio Ferre (3x), Frese, Daniel (2x), Schroeder, Christoph (2x), Szilagyi, Gyorgy Laszlo (2x), Nowarra, Waltraud (2x)

4.e3 — 31.0% (348 parties)

Ambassadeurs : Schalkwijk, Peter H (3x), Aloni, Itzchak (2x), Huebner, Robert (2x), Browne, Walter Shawn (2x), Souren, E. (2x), Vaganian, Rafael A (2x), Hoffmann, Peter (2x), Stavrakakis, Vasilios (2x)

4.Nf3 — 14.4% (162 parties)

Ambassadeurs : Hook, William (2x), Pleci, Isaias (2x), Bazan, Osvaldo (2x), Chuprina, Evgeniya (2x), Di Giovanni, Simone (2x), Dennis, Nigel W (1x), Lopez, Mia (1x), Trikaliotis, Georgios (1x)

4.dxe5 — 13.5% (152 parties)

Ambassadeurs : Horrocks, Jack (2x), Bass, Stanley (2x), Chirkov, Viktor (1x), Ugena, Jesus (1x), Larsen, Einer Henry (1x), Skultety, Stanislav (1x), Gurgenidze, Bukhuti (1x), Suetin, Alexey S (1x)

Analyse statistique des coups candidats

Répartition par niveau Elo (% des parties)

Tranche Elo	N parties	4.d5	4.e3	4.Nf3	4.dxe5
<1800	113	36%	29%	12%	18%
1800-2200	543	43%	29%	11%	14%
2200-2600	121	40%	42%	7%	8%
2600+	3	—	67%	33%	—

Évolution par décennie (% des parties)

Décennie	N parties	4.d5	4.e3	4.Nf3	4.dxe5
1950s	13	54%	38%	8%	—
1960s	19	32%	16%	16%	37%
1970s	14	43%	7%	21%	29%
1980s	52	25%	52%	15%	6%
1990s	253	38%	28%	20%	11%
2000s	422	36%	29%	17%	15%
2010s	306	42%	33%	8%	14%
2020s	45	51%	36%	4%	9%

Tendances récentes (2010s → 2020s)

Coup	2010s	2020s	Δ
4.d5	42%	51%	▲ +9.3%
4.e3	33%	36%	▲ +2.2%
4.Nf3	8%	4%	▼ -3.7%
4.dxe5	14%	9%	▼ -5.5%

Joueurs célèbres

Champions du monde dans cette position

Tal, Mikhail — 1 partie

Parties historiques

4.d5 — 38.2% (429 parties)

1950 — Hantke Rolf vs Haefner Esmie — 1-0 — ?
1951 — Frese, Daniel vs Schroeder, Christoph — 0-1 — Marburg
1951 — Frese, Daniel vs Schroeder, Andre — 0-1 — Marburg
1951 — Fresse, C. vs Schroeder, Christoph — 0-1 — ?
1956 — Benitez Rodriguez, Carlos vs Szilagyi, Gyorgy Laszlo — 0-1 — Moscow RUS

4.e3 — 31.0% (348 parties)

1950 — Alexander, F. vs Bisguier, Arthur B — 1-0 — Southsea
1952 — Janosevic, Dragoljub vs Pilnik, Herman — 1/2-1/2 — Belgrade Belgrade YUG
1955 — Somers, Staf vs Hallstrom, Leo — 0-1 — Antwerp BEL
1955 — Balcarek, Wiktor vs Gniot, Tadeusz — 1-0 — Poland ch13
1958 — Aloni, Itzchak vs Book, Eero — 1/2-1/2 — Munich GER

4.Nf3 — 14.4% (162 parties)

1959 — Weber, Bernd, Dr. vs Klechniowski, Andrzej — 1-0 — Warsaw POL
1967 — Trikaliotis, Georgios vs Hennings, Artur — 0-1 — Sofia BUL
1967 — Hook, William vs Davila, Edmundo — 1-0 — Santo Domingo
1968 — Dennis, Nigel W vs Lopez, Mia — 1/2-1/2 — Concord
1970 — Pleci, Isaias vs Bazan, Osvaldo — 1/2-1/2 — Buenos Aires ARG

4.dxe5 — 13.5% (152 parties)

1960 — Gurgenidze, Bukhuti vs Suetin, Alexey S — 0-1 — Rostov on Don
1964 — Larsen, Einer Henry vs Horrocks, Jack — 0-1 — Bad Kuehlungsborn
1964 — Skultety, Stanislav vs Horrocks, Jack — 1-0 — Bad Kuehlungsborn
1964 — Teofilo, Alberto vs Camara, Helder — 0-1 — Brasilia BRA
1967 — Ungureanu, Emil vs Mititelu, Gheorghe — 1/2-1/2 — Bucharest ROU

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