Structure de pions

	♔ Blancs	♚ Noirs
Pions doublés	—	—
Pions isolés	—	—
Arriérés	—	—
Chaînes	—	—
Passés	—	—
Majorité	—	● aile dame 3v2

Cases

	♔ Blancs	♚ Noirs
Cases fortes	—	—
Cases faibles	—	—
Centre	● d4 (1v0), ● e5 (1v0)	—

Colonnes et diagonales

	♔ Blancs	♚ Noirs
Semi-ouvertes	● c	● d

Pièces

	♔ Blancs	♚ Noirs
Bc1	● Bc1 Non développé (mob. 5)
Bf1	● Bf1 Non développé (mob. 5)
Bc8		● Bc8 Non développé (mob. 5)
Bf8		● Bf8 Non développé (mob. 0)
Paire de fous	● Oui	● Oui
Non développées	6 (● b1, ● g1, ● c1, ● f1, ● a1, ● h1)	5 (● b8, ● c8, ● f8, ● a8, ● h8)

Sécurité du roi

	♔ Blancs	♚ Noirs
Statut	● Au centre	● Au centre
Droits de roque	O-O / O-O-O	O-O / O-O-O

Thèmes

	♔ Blancs	♚ Noirs
Phase	Ouverture
Centre	mobile
Ruptures	—	● …c7-c5, ● …e7-e5, ● …f7-f5

D06k — QGD: Marshall Defence, 3.cxd5 Nxd5 4.e4

1.d4 d5 2.c4 Nf6 3.cxd5 Nxd5 4.e4 * ● Trait aux Noirs

Ouverture — Centre mobile

♔ Point de vue Blancs

8 7 6 5 4 3 2 1

abcdefgh

Plans. Nc3 (Développer b1 — 70 % des parties) ; Nf3 (Développer g1 — 12 % des parties) ; Bd3 (Fou actif (mobilité 6), Développer f1 — 6 % des parties).

♚ Point de vue Noirs

1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8

hgfedcba

Plans. ...Nb6 (51 % des parties) ; ...Nf6 (46 % des parties).

Avantages

Faiblesses

Diagonale active

Plans

Partie
1900 Chicago blindfold sim – Round 9 – Pillsbury, Harry – 1-0 – Eichorn, V. – G8 1. d4 d5 2. c4 Nf6 3. cxd5 Nxd5 4. e4 Nf6 5. Nc3 e6 6. Nf3 Bb4 7. Bd3 O-O 8. e5 Nd5 9. Bxh7+ Kh8 10. Bd2 g6
1900 DSB-12.Kongress – Round 6 – Janowski, Dawid – 1-0 – Cohn, Wilhelm – G34 1. d4 d5 2. c4 Nf6 3. cxd5 Nxd5 4. e4 Nf6 5. Nc3 e5 6. d5 Bc5 7. Bg5 Bg4 8. Be2 Bxe2 9. Qxe2 Nbd7 10. Nf3 O-O
1902 Monte Carlo MNC – Round 8 – Marshall, Frank – 0-1 – Gunsberg, Isidor – G8 1. d4 d5 2. c4 Nf6 3. cxd5 Nxd5 4. e4 Nf6 5. Nc3 e5 6. d5 Bc5 7. Be2 c6 8. Nf3 cxd5 9. Bg5 d4 10. Nd5 Be7
1923 FRA tour sim – Round ? – Alekhine, Alexander – 1-0 – Blanco, Jorge – G3 1. d4 d5 2. c4 Nf6 3. cxd5 Nxd5 4. e4 Nb6 5. Nc3 e6 6. Nf3 Be7 7. Bd3 Bd7 8. O-O Nc8 9. Qb3 b6 10. Bf4 Nc6
1923 Karlsbad – Round 12 – Saemisch, Friedrich – 1/2-1/2 – Alekhine, Alexander – G121 1. d4 Nf6 2. c4 d5 3. cxd5 Nxd5 4. e4 Nf6 5. Nc3 e6 6. Nf3 Be7 7. Bd3 c5 8. dxc5 Bxc5 9. O-O Nc6 10. e5 Nd7
1923 Simul Montreal (QUE) – Round ? – Alekhine, Alexander – 0-1 – Decarie, W – G3 1. d4 d5 2. c4 Nf6 3. cxd5 Nxd5 4. e4 Nf6 5. Nc3 e6 6. Bd3 c6 7. a3 Be7 8. Nf3 Nbd7 9. O-O O-O 10. Bf4 Nh5
1925 Baden-Baden – Round 209 – Alekhine, Alexander – 1-0 – Marshall, Frank – G168 1. d4 Nf6 2. c4 d5 3. cxd5 Nxd5 4. e4 Nf6 5. Bd3 e5 6. dxe5 Ng4 7. Nf3 Nc6 8. Bg5 Be7 9. Bxe7 Qxe7 10. Nc3 Ncxe5
1925 CSR tour sim – Round ? – Alekhine, Alexander – 1-0 – Stephan, Anna – G2 1. d4 d5 2. c4 Nf6 3. cxd5 Nxd5 4. e4 Nb6 5. Nc3 e5 6. d5 Bb4 7. Bd3 O-O 8. Ne2 c6 9. O-O cxd5 10. Nxd5 Nxd5
1925 DSB-24.Kongress – Round 3 – Gruenfeld, Ernst – 1/2-1/2 – Becker, Albert – G10 1. d4 d5 2. c4 Nf6 3. cxd5 Nxd5 4. e4 Nf6 5. Bd3 e5 6. dxe5 Ng4 7. Nf3 Nc6 8. Bg5 Be7 9. Bxe7 Qxe7 10. Nc3 Ncxe5
1925 Montevideo – Round 4 – Trompowsky, Octavio – 1/2-1/2 – Grau, Roberto G – G17 1. d4 Nf6 2. c4 d5 3. cxd5 Nxd5 4. e4 Nf6 5. Nc3 e5 6. d5 c6 7. Bg5 Bc5 8. Bxf6 Qxf6 9. Qf3 Qg6 10. Bc4 O-O
1925 Paris sim – Round ? – Alekhine, Alexander – 1-0 – ? – G4 1. d4 d5 2. c4 Nf6 3. cxd5 Nxd5 4. e4 Nf6 5. Bd3 Nc6 6. Nf3 Bg4 7. d5 Bxf3 8. gxf3 Ne5 9. Bb5+ c6 10. Bf4 Nxf3+
1927 Santiago de Chile sim – Round ? – Alekhine, Alexander – 0-1 – Mont, P. – G5 1. d4 d5 2. c4 Nf6 3. cxd5 Nxd5 4. e4 Nf6 5. Nc3 e6 6. Nf3 Be7 7. Bd3 c5 8. d5 Nbd7 9. dxe6 fxe6 10. Bc4 Nb6
1931 Argentina – Round 12 – Iliesco, Juan – 1-0 – Ipata, Pedro – G40 1. d4 Nf6 2. c4 d5 3. cxd5 Nxd5 4. e4 Nf6 5. Nc3 e6 6. Nf3 Be7 7. Bd3 O-O 8. O-O Nc6 9. Bb1 b6 10. Re1 Bb7
1933 Hong Kong sim – Round ? – Alekhine, Alexander – 1-0 – Destur, RA. – G2 1. d4 d5 2. c4 Nf6 3. cxd5 Nxd5 4. e4 Nb6 5. Nc3 e6 6. Nf3 Bb4 7. Bd3 O-O 8. O-O Nc6 9. Be3 Bxc3 10. bxc3 Ne7
1936 Munich ol (Men) – Round 4 – Makarczyk, Kazimierz – 1-0 – Danchev, Dancho – G10 1. d4 Nf6 2. c4 d5 3. cxd5 Nxd5 4. e4 Nf6 5. Bd3 a6 6. Nc3 e6 7. Nf3 Be7 8. O-O O-O 9. Qc2 Ne8 10. Bf4 Nc6
1941 Madrid sim Madrid ESP – Round ? – Alekhine, Alexander – 1-0 – Acevedo Alba, Tiago Yahel – G2 1. d4 d5 2. c4 Nf6 3. cxd5 Nxd5 4. e4 Nf6 5. Nc3 e5 6. Nf3 Bg4 7. Qa4+ Qd7 8. Qxd7+ Nfxd7 9. Nxe5 Nxe5 10. dxe5 Bb4
1943 Prague – Round 12 – Podgorny, Jiri – 1-0 – Sucha, Ruzena – G97 1. d4 Nf6 2. c4 d5 3. cxd5 Nxd5 4. e4 Nb6 5. Nc3 e6 6. Be3 N8d7 7. Nf3 Be7 8. Bd3 Nf8 9. h4 h5 10. e5 Nd5
1950 GDR Ch – Round 6 – Zirngibl, Albert – 1/2-1/2 – Mueller, Claus – G7 1. d4 Nf6 2. c4 d5 3. cxd5 Nxd5 4. e4 Nf6 5. Nc3 e6 6. Nf3 Be7 7. Be2 O-O 8. O-O Nbd7 9. Qc2 c6 10. Rd1 b6
1956 Budapest – Round 1 – Gereben, Erno – 1-0 – Tipary, Lajos – G3 1. d4 d5 2. c4 Nf6 3. cxd5 Nxd5 4. e4 Nb6 5. Nc3 e6 6. Nf3 Be7 7. Bd3 c5 8. dxc5 Bxc5 9. O-O Nc6 10. e5 Nb4
1956 CAN-op – Round ? – Berliner, Hans – 1-0 – Rott, Fabian – G8 1. d4 d5 2. c4 Nf6 3. cxd5 Nxd5 4. e4 Nb6 5. Nc3 Nc6 6. Nf3 Bg4 7. d5 Ne5 8. Nxe5 Bxd1 9. Bb5+ c6 10. dxc6 Qb8
1956 URS Ch sf – Round ? – Kotov, Alexander. – 1-0 – Ragozin, Viacheslav – G24 1. d4 d5 2. c4 Nf6 3. cxd5 Nxd5 4. e4 Nf6 5. Nc3 e5 6. Nf3 exd4 7. Qxd4 Qxd4 8. Nxd4 Bb4 9. f3 c6 10. Bg5 Nbd7
1958 Ch - CC – Round ? – Blackstone, John – 0-1 – Fowell, Richard – G1 1. d4 d5 2. c4 Nf6 3. cxd5 Nxd5 4. e4 Nb6 5. Nc3 e6 6. a3 Bd6 7. g3 N8d7 8. Bg2 e5 9. Nb5 Qf6 10. Nxd6+ Qxd6
1960 Casual Friendly – Round ? – Collins, Richard Arnold – 1-0 – Collins, Paul H – G2 1. d4 Nf6 2. c4 d5 3. cxd5 Nxd5 4. e4 Nb6 5. Nc3 e6 6. Nf3 Nc6 7. Bb5 Bd7 8. O-O Bb4 9. Ne2 Qf6 10. e5 Qf5
1963 Capablanca Memorial – Round 9 – Broderman, Jose – 0-1 – Letelier Martner, Rene – G79 1. d4 d5 2. c4 Nf6 3. cxd5 Nxd5 4. e4 Nb6 5. Be2 g6 6. Nf3 Bg7 7. Nc3 Bg4 8. Be3 O-O 9. O-O Nc6 10. d5 Bxf3
1968 Yugoslavia – Round 15 – Stupica, Janez – 1-0 – Nikolic, Stanimir – G13 1. d4 Nf6 2. c4 d5 3. cxd5 Nxd5 4. e4 Nf6 5. Nc3 e6 6. Nf3 Be7 7. Bd3 O-O 8. O-O b6 9. Qe2 Bb7 10. Bg5 Nbd7

D06k — QGD: Marshall Defence (1900)

1.d4 d5 2.c4 Nf6 3.cxd5 Nxd5 4.e4

Les coups candidats

4…Nf6 — 52.3% (1747 parties)

Ambassadeurs : Dejonckheere, Didier (5x), Krajnak, Martin (4x), Shaffer, Aaron (4x), Albert Benson (4x), Poblete, Litos (3x), Girg, Rolf (3x), Gavrilovic, Milan (3x), Nittschalk, Karl (3x)

4…Nb6 — 45.3% (1516 parties)

Ambassadeurs : Vontina, Maria (10x), Grimm, Wolfgang, Dr. (6x), Linczer, Janos (3x), Castellano, Antonio Jr (3x), Vetter, Udo (3x), Letelier Martner, Rene (2x), Banguang Tap (2x), Tiihonen, Ilpo (2x)

4…Nb4 — 1.8% (59 parties)

Ambassadeurs : Thompson, Cedric (1x), Reussner, W. (1x), Lopez, Molinari Luciana (1x), MacDonald, Hugh (1x), Schwirz, Horst (1x), Pfeifer, Wilfried (1x), Dobmeier, Thomas (1x), Knoerrich, Peter (1x)

4…e6 — 0.2% (6 parties)

Ambassadeurs : Kruger, Bertus (1x), Wilkinson, Jim (1x), Aydogdu, Abdullah (1x), Akin, Emrah (1x), Todd, Adie (1x), Sommerville, Monica (1x), Bernardi, Philippe (1x), Albert, Stéphane (1x)

Analyse statistique des coups candidats

Répartition par niveau Elo (% des parties)

Tranche Elo	N parties	4…Nf6	4…Nb6	4…Nb4	4…e6
<1800	651	51%	47%	2%	—
1800-2200	1230	54%	46%	0%	—
2200-2600	185	61%	39%	1%	—
2600+	1	—	100%	—	—

Évolution par décennie (% des parties)

Décennie	N parties	4…Nf6	4…Nb6	4…Nb4	4…e6
1950s	9	44%	56%	—	—
1960s	21	38%	62%	—	—
1970s	31	29%	61%	6%	—
1980s	72	53%	47%	—	—
1990s	541	50%	47%	2%	0%
2000s	1075	53%	45%	2%	0%
2010s	1254	53%	45%	2%	0%
2020s	340	54%	43%	2%	0%

Tendances récentes (2010s → 2020s)

Coup	2010s	2020s	Δ
4…Nf6	53%	54%	▲ +0.9%
4…Nb6	45%	43%	▼ -1.6%
4…Nb4	2%	2%	▲ +0.5%
4…e6	0%	0%	+0.1%

Joueurs célèbres

Champions du monde dans cette position

Karpov, Anatoly — 8 parties
Anand, Viswanathan — 2 parties

Parties historiques

4…Nf6 — 52.3% (1747 parties)

1950 — Zirngibl, Albert vs Mueller, Claus — 1/2-1/2 — Soemmerda GER
1952 — Zalys, Ignas vs Tanguay, Alexandre — 1-0 — Montreal CAN
1955 — Bonham, Reginald Walter vs Griffiths Tagle Renato Alberto — 1-0 — Aberystwyth ch-BCF
1956 — Kotov, Alexander vs Ragozin, Viacheslav — 1-0 — Leningrad RUS
1960 — Abdou, William vs Fowell, Richard — 1-0 — San Jose, CA USA

4…Nb6 — 45.3% (1516 parties)

1953 — Darga, Klaus vs Herbin, J. — 1-0 — Copenhagen DEN
1956 — Berliner, Hans vs Rott, Fabian — 1-0 — Montreal CAN
1956 — Gereben, Erno vs Tipary, Lajos — 1-0 — Budapest HUN
1958 — OBrien, Erik Michael vs Baloyi Collins — 1-0 — Santa Barbara
1958 — Blackstone, John vs Fowell, Richard — 0-1 — San Jose, CA USA

4…Nb4 — 1.8% (59 parties)

1973 — Lopez, Molinari Luciana vs MacDonald, Hugh — 1-0 — Vancouver BC CAN
1974 — Thompson, Cedric vs Reussner, W. — 1-0 — Nice FRA
1991 — Christensen, Sascha vs Hansen, Kenneth Illum — 1-0 — Hedehusene B4 (0 (0
1992 — Fahrenholz, Natascha vs Prinz, Angelika — 1-0 — Bremen GER
1993 — Plachkinova, Tatjana vs Deleersnyder, Lieselot — 1-0 — Europe ch U12 girls

4…e6 — 0.2% (6 parties)

1994 — Kruger, Bertus vs Wilkinson, Jim — 1-0 — corr IECG Cat-D
2006 — Aydogdu, Abdullah vs Akin, Emrah — 1-0 — Izmir TUR
2009 — Todd, Adie vs Sommerville, Monica — 1-0 — Edmonton CAN
2012 — Bernardi, Philippe vs Albert, Stéphane — 1-0 — ICCF
2016 — Hussein, Ali vs Krishnamoorthy, Richiraj — 1-0 — Victoria, Mahe Island SEY

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