C99l — Spanish: Closed, Chigorin, 13…Nc6 14.Nb3

1.e4 e5 2.Nf3 Nc6 3.Bb5 a6 4.Ba4 Nf6 5.O-O Be7 6.Re1 b5 7.Bb3 O-O 8.c3 d6 9.h3 Na5 10.Bc2 c5 11.d4 Qc7 12.Nbd2 cxd4 13.cxd4 Nc6 14.Nb3 * ● Trait aux Noirs

Ouverture — Centre fermé

♔ Point de vue Blancs

8 7 6 5 4 3 2 1

abcdefgh

Atouts. Les Blancs s'appuient sur la case forte g5 et la paire de fous.

Côté adverse. Les fous enfermés en e7 et c8.

En contrepartie. Plusieurs pièces dorment encore (le fou c1 et la tour a1).

Plans. Bg5 (Clouer Nf6) ; Tour sur colonne c.

♚ Point de vue Noirs

1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8

hgfedcba

Atouts. Les Noirs s'appuient sur la paire de fous.

Côté adverse. Les fous enfermés en c1 et c2.

En contrepartie. Plusieurs pièces dorment encore (le fou c8 et la tour a8).

Plans. ...Bg4 (Développer Bc8, clouer Nf3) ; ...d5 (Rupture) ; Tour sur colonne c.

Avantages

Faiblesses adverses

Diagonale active

Plans

Structure de pions

	♔ Blancs	♚ Noirs
Pions doublés	—	—
Pions isolés	—	—
Arriérés	—	—
Chaînes	● g2→h3	● a6→b5, d6→e5
Passés	—	—
Majorité	—	—

Cases

	♔ Blancs	♚ Noirs
Cases fortes	● g5 (2v0)	—
Cases faibles	● d4	—
Centre	● d4 (3v2), ● e4 (2v1)	—

Colonnes et diagonales

	♔ Blancs	♚ Noirs
Ouvertes	● c	● c

Pièces

	♔ Blancs	♚ Noirs
Bc1	● Bc1 Non développé (mob. 5)
Bc2	● Bc2 Enfermé (mob. 2)
Be7		● Be7 Enfermé (mob. 1)
Bc8		● Bc8 Non développé (mob. 6)
Paire de fous	● Oui	● Oui
Non développées	2 (c1, a1)	2 (c8, a8)

Sécurité du roi

	♔ Blancs	♚ Noirs
Statut	● Roqué	● Roqué
Droits de roque	—	—

Thèmes

	♔ Blancs	♚ Noirs
Phase	Ouverture
Centre	fermé
Ruptures	● d4-d5	● …d6-d5

Partie
1938 Ljubljana – Round 1 – Trifunovic, Petar – 1/2-1/2 – Furlani, Ljudmil – G15 1. e4 e5 2. Nf3 Nc6 3. Bb5 a6 4. Ba4 Nf6 5. O-O Be7 6. Re1 b5 7. Bb3 d6 8. c3 Na5 9. Bc2 c5 10. d4 Qc7
1941 Absolute Championship – Round 3 – Smyslov, Vladimir – 1-0 – Keres, Paul – G8 1. e4 e5 2. Nf3 Nc6 3. Bb5 a6 4. Ba4 Nf6 5. O-O Be7 6. Re1 b5 7. Bb3 d6 8. c3 O-O 9. h3 Na5 10. Bc2 c5
1941 Leningrad/Moscow – Round 2 – Boleslavsky, Isaac – 1-0 – Keres, Paul – G13 1. e4 e5 2. Nf3 Nc6 3. Bb5 a6 4. Ba4 Nf6 5. O-O Be7 6. Re1 b5 7. Bb3 d6 8. c3 O-O 9. h3 Na5 10. Bc2 c5
1942 Kuibyshev – Round 5 – Boleslavsky, Isaac – 1-0 – Vulfson, Vladimir – G26 1. e4 e5 2. Nf3 Nc6 3. Bb5 a6 4. Ba4 Nf6 5. O-O Be7 6. Re1 b5 7. Bb3 d6 8. c3 O-O 9. h3 Na5 10. Bc2 c5
1945 Ljubljana – Round 9 – Gligoric, Svetozar – 1-0 – Pirc, Vasja – G9 1. e4 e5 2. Nf3 Nc6 3. Bb5 a6 4. Ba4 Nf6 5. O-O Be7 6. Re1 b5 7. Bb3 d6 8. c3 O-O 9. h3 Na5 10. Bc2 c5
1946 Barcelona – Round 1 – Pomar Salamanca, Arturo – 0-1 – Medina-Garcia, Antonio – G11 1. e4 e5 2. Nf3 Nc6 3. Bb5 a6 4. Ba4 Nf6 5. O-O Be7 6. Re1 b5 7. Bb3 d6 8. c3 O-O 9. h3 Na5 10. Bc2 c5
1946 NED Ch prelim II – Round 7 – Prins, Lodewijk – 1-0 – Vlagsma, Chris – G12 1. e4 e5 2. Nf3 Nc6 3. Bb5 a6 4. Ba4 Nf6 5. O-O Be7 6. Re1 b5 7. Bb3 d6 8. c3 O-O 9. h3 Na5 10. Bc2 c5
1947 Yugoslavia Ch – Round 10 – Milic, Borislav – 1-0 – Vukovic, Sava – G51 1. e4 e5 2. Nf3 Nc6 3. Bb5 a6 4. Ba4 Nf6 5. O-O Be7 6. Re1 b5 7. Bb3 d6 8. c3 O-O 9. h3 Na5 10. Bc2 c5
1948 Bad Gastein – Round 10 – Gereben, Erno – 1-0 – Galia, Karl – G78 1. e4 e5 2. Nf3 Nc6 3. Bb5 a6 4. Ba4 Nf6 5. O-O Be7 6. Re1 b5 7. Bb3 d6 8. c3 Na5 9. Bc2 c5 10. d4 Qc7
1948 CSR Ch – Round 6 – Florian, Jaromir – 0-1 – Louma, Josef – G5 1. e4 e5 2. Nf3 Nc6 3. Bb5 a6 4. Ba4 Nf6 5. O-O Be7 6. Re1 b5 7. Bb3 d6 8. c3 O-O 9. h3 Na5 10. Bc2 c5
1949 CAN Ch – Round 8 – Yanofsky, Daniel Abraham – 1/2-1/2 – Rauch, Joseph Lyon – G19 1. e4 e5 2. Nf3 Nc6 3. Bb5 a6 4. Ba4 Nf6 5. O-O Be7 6. Re1 b5 7. Bb3 d6 8. c3 Na5 9. Bc2 c5 10. d4 Qc7
1949 GBR Ch 36th – Round 7.5 – Barden, Leonard – 1-0 – Aitken, James – G30 1. e4 e5 2. Nf3 Nc6 3. Bb5 a6 4. Ba4 Nf6 5. O-O Be7 6. Re1 b5 7. Bb3 d6 8. c3 Na5 9. Bc2 c5 10. d4 Qc7
1951 San Rafael – Round ? – Eliskases, Erich – 1/2-1/2 – Mangini, Jose Henrique de Mello – G49 1. e4 e5 2. Nf3 Nc6 3. Bb5 a6 4. Ba4 Nf6 5. O-O Be7 6. Re1 b5 7. Bb3 d6 8. c3 O-O 9. h3 Na5 10. Bc2 c5
1955 JUG Ch – Round 13 – Matulovic, Milan – 0-1 – Smederevac, Petar – G16 1. e4 e5 2. Nf3 Nc6 3. Bb5 a6 4. Ba4 Nf6 5. O-O b5 6. Bb3 Be7 7. Re1 d6 8. c3 O-O 9. h3 Na5 10. Bc2 c5
1956 Alekhine Memorial – Round ? – Unzicker, Wolfgang – 1-0 – Keres, Paul – G104 1. e4 e5 2. Nf3 Nc6 3. Bb5 a6 4. Ba4 Nf6 5. O-O Be7 6. Re1 b5 7. Bb3 d6 8. c3 O-O 9. h3 Na5 10. Bc2 c5
1956 Candidats Tournament – Round 10 – Bronstein, David I – 0-1 – Keres, Paul – G46 1. e4 e5 2. Nf3 Nc6 3. Bb5 a6 4. Ba4 Nf6 5. O-O Be7 6. Re1 b5 7. Bb3 d6 8. c3 O-O 9. h3 Na5 10. Bc2 c5
1957 Sao Paulo – Round 4 – Sanguineti, Raúl Carlos – 1-0 – De Freitas, Manuela Schmitz – G5 1. e4 e5 2. Nf3 Nc6 3. Bb5 a6 4. Ba4 Nf6 5. O-O Be7 6. Re1 b5 7. Bb3 d6 8. c3 O-O 9. h3 Na5 10. Bc2 c5
1958 Portoroz Interzonal – Round 5 – Sanguineti, Raúl Carlos – 1-0 – Neikirkh, Oleg – G49 1. e4 e5 2. Nf3 Nc6 3. Bb5 a6 4. Ba4 Nf6 5. O-O Be7 6. Re1 b5 7. Bb3 d6 8. c3 O-O 9. h3 Na5 10. Bc2 c5
1958 Reggio Emilia ITA – Round 5 – Winiwarter, Felix – 1-0 – Siveri, Armando – G9 1. e4 e5 2. Nf3 Nc6 3. Bb5 a6 4. Ba4 Nf6 5. O-O b5 6. Bb3 Be7 7. Re1 d6 8. c3 Na5 9. Bc2 c5 10. d4 Qc7
1959 Tbilisi ch-URS – Round 11 – Vasiukov, Evgeni – 0-1 – Keres, Paul – G92 1. e4 e5 2. Nf3 Nc6 3. Bb5 a6 4. Ba4 Nf6 5. O-O Be7 6. Re1 b5 7. Bb3 d6 8. c3 O-O 9. h3 Na5 10. Bc2 c5
1959 Zuerich – Round 1 – Larsen, Benjamin Holsko – 1/2-1/2 – Keres, Paul – G64 1. e4 e5 2. Nf3 Nc6 3. Bb5 a6 4. Ba4 Nf6 5. O-O Be7 6. Re1 b5 7. Bb3 O-O 8. c3 d6 9. h3 Na5 10. Bc2 c5
1960 GBR Ch 47th – Round 9.1 – Penrose, Jonathan – 1/2-1/2 – Haygarth, Michael John – G72 1. e4 e5 2. Nf3 Nc6 3. Bb5 a6 4. Ba4 Nf6 5. O-O Be7 6. Re1 b5 7. Bb3 d6 8. c3 O-O 9. h3 Na5 10. Bc2 c5
1960 Leipzig olm prel – Round 4 – Beni, Alfred – 1/2-1/2 – Sapre, Ramchandra – G140 1. e4 e5 2. Nf3 Nc6 3. Bb5 a6 4. Ba4 Nf6 5. O-O Be7 6. Re1 b5 7. Bb3 O-O 8. c3 d6 9. h3 Na5 10. Bc2 c5
1965 Northern Open – Round 10 – Tate, Leslie S – 1-0 – Ritson-Morry, William – G14 1. e4 e5 2. Nf3 Nc6 3. Bb5 a6 4. Ba4 Nf6 5. O-O Be7 6. Re1 b5 7. Bb3 O-O 8. c3 d6 9. h3 Na5 10. Bc2 c5

C99l — Closed Chigorin

1.e4 e5 2.Nf3 Nc6 3.Bb5 a6 4.Ba4 Nf6 5.O-O Be7 6.Re1 b5 7.Bb3 O-O 8.c3 d6 9.h3 Na5 10.Bc2 c5 11.d4 Qc7 12.Nbd2 cxd4 13.cxd4 Nc6 14.Nb3

Eval: [+0.34]

Les coups candidats

14…a5 — 94.9% (4260 parties) →

Ambassadeurs : Zielinski, Sergej (143x), Pott, Brian (47x), Wiesinger, Johann (33x), Gromotka, Harry (31x), Malyshev, Vladimir Pavlovich (31x), Detela, Walter (30x), Von der Heydt, Hans-Joachim (27x), Salzmann, Stefan (24x)

14…Nb4 — 1.7% (76 parties)

Ambassadeurs : Rudnizki, Sergey (2x), Remete, Eszter (2x), Walica, Roman (2x), Szabo, Vilmos (2x), Pomar Salamanca, Arturo (1x), Medina-Garcia, Antonio (1x), Gligoric, Svetozar (1x), Pirc, Vasja (1x)

14…Bd7 — 1.6% (74 parties)

Ambassadeurs : Nowak, Ireneusz (3x), Ady, Jonathan J. (2x), Horner, Jeff (2x), Walczak, Tomasz (2x), Gereben, Erno (1x), Galia, Karl (1x), Trifunovic, Petar (1x), Furlani, Ljudmil (1x)

14…Bb7 — 1.3% (57 parties)

Ambassadeurs : Keres, Paul (5x), Sanguineti, Raúl Carlos (2x), Vasiukov, Evgeni (2x), Mahmood Lodhi (2x), Cardoso Do Espirito Santo, Rubens (2x), Padevsky, Nikola (1x), Milev, Zdravko (1x), Unzicker, Wolfgang (1x)

Analyse statistique des coups candidats

Répartition par niveau Elo (% des parties)

Tranche Elo	N parties	14…a5	14…Nb4	14…Bd7	14…Bb7
<1800	89	96%	2%	1%	1%
1800-2200	1428	94%	2%	2%	1%
2200-2600	2157	97%	1%	1%	0%
2600+	85	100%	—	—	—

Évolution par décennie (% des parties)

Décennie	N parties	14…a5	14…Nb4	14…Bd7	14…Bb7
1930s	1	—	—	100%	—
1940s	35	66%	6%	17%	—
1950s	37	68%	—	8%	22%
1960s	65	89%	3%	5%	2%
1970s	78	88%	5%	4%	1%
1980s	178	94%	2%	3%	—
1990s	248	88%	3%	3%	4%
2000s	1602	96%	2%	1%	1%
2010s	1999	97%	1%	1%	1%
2020s	245	97%	1%	2%	—

Tendances récentes (2010s → 2020s)

Coup	2010s	2020s	Δ
14…a5	97%	97%	▲ +0.5%
14…Nb4	1%	1%	-0.3%
14…Bd7	1%	2%	+0.4%
14…Bb7	1%	0%	▼ -0.7%

Joueurs célèbres

Champions du monde dans cette position

Tal, Mikhail — 2 parties
Anand, Viswanathan — 2 parties
Smyslov, Vladimir — 1 partie
Karpov, Anatoly — 1 partie
Kramnik, Vladimir — 1 partie

Parties historiques

14…a5 — 94.9% (4260 parties)

1940 — Boleslavsky, Isaac vs Lisitsin, Georgy — 1/2-1/2 — Ch URS Moscow RUS
1940 — Ragozin, Viacheslav vs Lilienthal, Andor — 1/2-1/2 — Moscow RUS
1942 — Pinkus, Albert vs Levin, Jerome A — 1-0 — Ventnor City
1942 — Pinkus, Albert vs Reshevsky, Samuel — 0-1 — New York, NY USA
1943 — Burgalat, Francisco J vs Porral, R. — 1-0 — Santa Fe ch

14…Nb4 — 1.7% (76 parties)

1945 — Gligoric, Svetozar vs Pirc, Vasja — 1-0 — Ljubljana
1946 — Pomar Salamanca, Arturo vs Medina-Garcia, Antonio — 0-1 — Barcelona ESP
1964 — Mirkovic, Aleksa vs Siveri — 1-0 — San Benedetto
1965 — Tate, Leslie S vs Ritson-Morry, William — 1-0 — Whitby
1970 — Penrose, Jonathan vs Ulvestad, Olaf — 0-1 — Siegen GER

14…Bd7 — 1.6% (74 parties)

1938 — Trifunovic, Petar vs Furlani, Ljudmil — 1/2-1/2 — Ljubljana
1942 — Boleslavsky, Isaac vs Vulfson, Vladimir — 1-0 — Kuibyshev
1946 — Prins, Lodewijk vs Vlagsma, Chris — 1-0 — Leiden NED
1947 — Yanofsky, Daniel Abraham vs Rasmussen, Viggo — 1-0 — Copenhagen DEN
1948 — Gereben, Erno vs Galia, Karl — 1-0 — Bad Gastein

14…Bb7 — 1.3% (57 parties)

1956 — Unzicker, Wolfgang vs Keres, Paul — 1-0 — Moscow RUS
1956 — Bronstein, David I vs Keres, Paul — 0-1 — Amsterdam NED
1957 — Padevsky, Nikola vs Milev, Zdravko — 1/2-1/2 — Sofia BUL
1957 — Sanguineti, Raúl Carlos vs De Freitas, Manuela Schmitz — 1-0 — Sao Paulo BRA
1958 — Sanguineti, Raúl Carlos vs Neikirkh, Oleg — 1-0 — Portoroz SLO

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