C98f — Spanish: Closed, Chigorin, 12…Nc6 13.d5 Na5

1.e4 e5 2.Nf3 Nc6 3.Bb5 a6 4.Ba4 Nf6 5.O-O Be7 6.Re1 b5 7.Bb3 O-O 8.c3 d6 9.h3 Na5 10.Bc2 c5 11.d4 Qc7 12.Nbd2 Nc6 13.d5 Na5 * ○ Trait aux Blancs

Ouverture — Centre fermé

♔ Point de vue Blancs

8 7 6 5 4 3 2 1

abcdefgh

Plan principal. Jeu au centre (rupture c3-c4).

Atouts. Les Blancs s'appuient sur un fou actif en c2 et la paire de fous.

Côté adverse. Les fous enfermés en e7 et c8.

En contrepartie. Plusieurs pièces dorment encore (le fou c1 et la tour a1).

♚ Point de vue Noirs

1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8

hgfedcba

Plan principal. Jeu sur l'aile dame.

Atouts. Les Noirs s'appuient sur la case forte c4, un avant-poste en c4 et la paire de fous.

Côté adverse. Le fou enfermé en c1 et un mauvais fou en c2.

En contrepartie. Plusieurs pièces dorment encore (le fou c8 et la tour a8).

Plans. ...c4 (Rupture).

Avantages

Faiblesses adverses

Diagonale active

Plans

Structure de pions

	♔ Blancs	♚ Noirs
Pions doublés	—	—
Pions isolés	—	—
Arriérés	—	—
Chaînes	● b2→c3, g2→h3, e4→d5	● a6→b5, d6→c5, d6→e5
Passés	—	—
Majorité	—	—

Cases

	♔ Blancs	♚ Noirs
Cases fortes	—	● c4 (2v1)
Cases faibles	—	—
Centre	● e4 (3v1)	—

Colonnes et diagonales

♔ Blancs

♚ Noirs

Pièces

	♔ Blancs	♚ Noirs
Bc1	● Bc1 Non développé (mob. 0)
Bc2	● Bc2 Actif (mob. 4)
Be7		● Be7 Enfermé (mob. 1)
Bc8		● Bc8 Non développé (mob. 6)
Paire de fous	● Oui	● Oui
Non développées	2 (● c1, ● a1)	2 (● c8, ● a8)

Sécurité du roi

	♔ Blancs	♚ Noirs
Statut	● Roqué	● Roqué
Droits de roque	—	—

Thèmes

	♔ Blancs	♚ Noirs
Phase	Ouverture
Centre	fermé
Ruptures	● c3-c4	● …c5-c4

Partie
1937 Hastings3738 – Round 8 – Alexander, Conol Hugh – 1/2-1/2 – Keres, Paul – G34 1. e4 e5 2. Nf3 Nc6 3. Bb5 a6 4. Ba4 Nf6 5. O-O Be7 6. Re1 b5 7. Bb3 d6 8. c3 O-O 9. h3 Na5 10. Bc2 c5
1942 Munich – Round 1 – Stoltz, Gösta – 0-1 – Alekhine, Alexander – G16 1. e4 e5 2. Nf3 Nc6 3. Bb5 a6 4. Ba4 Nf6 5. O-O Be7 6. Re1 b5 7. Bb3 d6 8. c3 O-O 9. h3 Na5 10. Bc2 c5
1942 Munich – Round 7 – Stoltz, Gösta – 0-1 – Alekhine, Alexander – G49 1. e4 e5 2. Nf3 Nc6 3. Bb5 a6 4. Ba4 Nf6 5. O-O Be7 6. Re1 b5 7. Bb3 d6 8. c3 O-O 9. h3 Na5 10. Bc2 c5
1945 Pan American – Round ? – Pilnik, Herman – 1-0 – Adams, Weaver – G65 1. e4 e5 2. Nf3 Nc6 3. Bb5 a6 4. Ba4 Nf6 5. O-O Be7 6. Re1 b5 7. Bb3 d6 8. c3 O-O 9. h3 Na5 10. Bc2 c5
1947 Hilversum zt – Round 9 – Alexander Ronald Cheng – 1-0 – Pachman, Ludek – G24 1. e4 e5 2. Nf3 Nc6 3. Bb5 a6 4. Ba4 Nf6 5. O-O Be7 6. Re1 b5 7. Bb3 d6 8. c3 O-O 9. h3 Na5 10. Bc2 c5
1948 Bad Gastein – Round 1 – Lokvenc, Josef – 1/2-1/2 – Gereben, Erno – G8 1. e4 e5 2. Nf3 Nc6 3. Bb5 a6 4. Ba4 Nf6 5. O-O Be7 6. Re1 b5 7. Bb3 d6 8. c3 Na5 9. Bc2 c5 10. d4 Qc7
1950 SUI Ch – Round 3 – Blau, Max – 1/2-1/2 – Batchinsky, Basile – G7 1. e4 e5 2. Nf3 Nc6 3. Bb5 a6 4. Ba4 Nf6 5. O-O Be7 6. Re1 b5 7. Bb3 d6 8. c3 O-O 9. h3 Na5 10. Bc2 c5
1952 Helsinki olm – Round 1 – Penrose, Justin – 1/2-1/2 – Pachman, Ludek – G175 1. e4 e5 2. Nf3 Nc6 3. Bb5 a6 4. Ba4 Nf6 5. O-O Be7 6. Re1 b5 7. Bb3 O-O 8. c3 d6 9. h3 Na5 10. Bc2 c5
1952 JUG Ch – Round 9 – Bogdanovic, Rajko – 1/2-1/2 – Vukovic, Sava – G57 1. e4 e5 2. Nf3 Nc6 3. Bb5 a6 4. Ba4 Nf6 5. O-O Be7 6. Re1 b5 7. Bb3 d6 8. c3 O-O 9. h3 Na5 10. Bc2 c5
1952 POL-ch10 – Round 3 – Dworzynski, Roman – 1-0 – Tarnowski, Alfred – G22 1. e4 e5 2. Nf3 Nc6 3. Bb5 a6 4. Ba4 Nf6 5. O-O Be7 6. Re1 b5 7. Bb3 d6 8. c3 O-O 9. h3 Na5 10. Bc2 c5
1953 Candidats Tournament – Round 17 – Averbakh, Yuri L – 1/2-1/2 – Keres, Paul Petrovich – G111 1. e4 e5 2. Nf3 Nc6 3. Bb5 a6 4. Ba4 Nf6 5. O-O Be7 6. Re1 b5 7. Bb3 O-O 8. c3 d6 9. h3 Na5 10. Bc2 c5
1953 POL-ch11 – Round 11 – Dworzynski, Roman – 1/2-1/2 – Luczynowicz, Waclaw – G70 1. e4 e5 2. Nf3 Nc6 3. Bb5 a6 4. Ba4 b5 5. Bb3 Nf6 6. O-O d6 7. Re1 Be7 8. c3 Na5 9. Bc2 c5 10. h3 O-O
1954 Moscow training m – Round ? – Kan, Ilya A – 0-1 – Botvinnik, Mikhail – G12 1. e4 e5 2. Nf3 Nc6 3. Bb5 a6 4. Ba4 Nf6 5. O-O Be7 6. Re1 b5 7. Bb3 d6 8. c3 O-O 9. h3 Na5 10. Bc2 c5
1955 CSR Ch – Round 7 – Florian, Jaromir – 1-0 – Dolezal, Jiri – G54 1. e4 e5 2. Nf3 Nc6 3. Bb5 a6 4. Ba4 Nf6 5. O-O Be7 6. Re1 b5 7. Bb3 d6 8. c3 O-O 9. h3 Na5 10. Bc2 c5
1955 Hoechst ch-GER – Round 1 – Niephaus, Walter – 1/2-1/2 – Darga, Klaus – G47 1. e4 e5 2. Nf3 Nc6 3. Bb5 a6 4. Ba4 Nf6 5. O-O b5 6. Bb3 Be7 7. Re1 d6 8. c3 O-O 9. h3 Na5 10. Bc2 c5
1956 Corr W-02ch – Round ? – Kaliwoda, Kurt – 0-1 – Jezek, Jaroslav – G13 1. e4 e5 2. Nf3 Nc6 3. Bb5 a6 4. Ba4 Nf6 5. O-O Be7 6. Re1 b5 7. Bb3 d6 8. c3 O-O 9. h3 Na5 10. Bc2 c5
1956 Moscow olm prel – Round 8 – Grogan, Richard – 0-1 – Niephaus, Walter – G260 1. e4 e5 2. Nf3 Nc6 3. Bb5 a6 4. Ba4 Nf6 5. O-O Be7 6. Re1 b5 7. Bb3 d6 8. c3 O-O 9. h3 Na5 10. Bc2 c5
1958 Munich olm fin-B – Round 9 – Andersen, Borge – 0-1 – Tarnowski, Alfred – G88 1. e4 e5 2. Nf3 Nc6 3. Bb5 a6 4. Ba4 Nf6 5. O-O Be7 6. Re1 b5 7. Bb3 d6 8. c3 O-O 9. h3 Na5 10. Bc2 c5
1959 Tbilisi ch-URS – Round 19 – Spassky, Boris Vasily – 1/2-1/2 – Averbakh, Yuri L – G167 1. e4 e5 2. Nf3 Nc6 3. Bb5 a6 4. Ba4 Nf6 5. O-O Be7 6. Re1 b5 7. Bb3 d6 8. c3 O-O 9. h3 Na5 10. Bc2 c5
1959 URS-ch26 – Round 15 – Nikitin, Aleksander S – 1/2-1/2 – Keres, Paul – G11 1. e4 e5 2. Nf3 Nc6 3. Bb5 a6 4. Ba4 Nf6 5. O-O Be7 6. Re1 b5 7. Bb3 O-O 8. c3 d6 9. h3 Na5 10. Bc2 c5
1961 Mar del Plata KIM – Round 1 – Goldenberg, Edgardo – 1/2-1/2 – Braut Grane, Joan – G20 1. e4 e5 2. Nf3 Nc6 3. Bb5 a6 4. Ba4 Nf6 5. O-O Be7 6. Re1 b5 7. Bb3 d6 8. c3 O-O 9. h3 Na5 10. Bc2 c5
1961 Netanya – Round 10 – Matulovic, Milan – 1/2-1/2 – Trifunovic, Petar – G64 1. e4 e5 2. Nf3 Nc6 3. Bb5 a6 4. Ba4 Nf6 5. O-O Be7 6. Re1 b5 7. Bb3 d6 8. c3 O-O 9. h3 Na5 10. Bc2 c5
1962 Stockholm int. turneringen – Round 7 – Nilsson, Zandor – 1-0 – Andersson, Bjorn 1971 – G10 1. e4 e5 2. Nf3 Nc6 3. Bb5 a6 4. Ba4 Nf6 5. O-O b5 6. Bb3 Be7 7. Re1 O-O 8. c3 d6 9. h3 Na5 10. Bc2 c5
1962 Varna ol (Men) qual-C – Round 3 – Lopez Munoz, Johan Schneider – 0-1 – Tarnowski, Alfred – G13 1. e4 e5 2. Nf3 Nc6 3. Bb5 a6 4. Ba4 Nf6 5. O-O Be7 6. Re1 b5 7. Bb3 d6 8. c3 O-O 9. h3 Na5 10. Bc2 c5
1962 WT/M/945 – Round ? – Loeffler, Alfonso – 0-1 – Tiemann, Christoph – G12 1. e4 e5 2. Nf3 Nc6 3. Bb5 a6 4. Ba4 Nf6 5. O-O Be7 6. Re1 b5 7. Bb3 O-O 8. c3 d6 9. h3 Na5 10. Bc2 c5
1963 POL Ch 20th – Round 15 – Bednarski, Jacek B – 0-1 – Brzozka, Stefan – G95 1. e4 e5 2. Nf3 Nc6 3. Bb5 a6 4. Ba4 Nf6 5. O-O Be7 6. Re1 b5 7. Bb3 d6 8. c3 O-O 9. h3 Na5 10. Bc2 c5
1964 Reggio Emilia ITA – Round 5 – Palmiotto, Fiorentino – 0-1 – Teschner, Rudolf – G21 1. e4 e5 2. Nf3 Nc6 3. Bb5 a6 4. Ba4 Nf6 5. O-O Be7 6. Re1 b5 7. Bb3 O-O 8. c3 d6 9. h3 Na5 10. Bc2 c5
1965 Capablanca Memorial – Round 8 – Ciocaltea, Victor – 1/2-1/2 – Pachman, Ludek – G82 1. e4 e5 2. Nf3 Nc6 3. Bb5 a6 4. Ba4 Nf6 5. O-O Be7 6. Re1 b5 7. Bb3 d6 8. c3 O-O 9. h3 Na5 10. Bc2 c5
1965 Marianske Lazne – Round 5 – Keres, Paul Petrovich – 1/2-1/2 – Filip, Miroslav – G25 1. e4 e5 2. Nf3 Nc6 3. Bb5 a6 4. Ba4 Nf6 5. O-O Be7 6. Re1 b5 7. Bb3 d6 8. c3 O-O 9. h3 Na5 10. Bc2 c5
1966 Budapest HUN – Round 8 – Haag, Ervin – 1-0 – Kluger, Gyula – G19 1. e4 e5 2. Nf3 Nc6 3. Bb5 a6 4. Ba4 Nf6 5. O-O Be7 6. Re1 b5 7. Bb3 d6 8. c3 O-O 9. h3 Na5 10. Bc2 c5
1966 La Habana olm prel – Round 5 – Ben Rehouma, H. – 0-1 – Ree, Hans – G204 1. e4 e5 2. Nf3 Nc6 3. Bb5 a6 4. Ba4 Nf6 5. O-O Be7 6. Re1 b5 7. Bb3 d6 8. c3 O-O 9. h3 Na5 10. Bc2 c5
1966 Panamerican – Round ? – Alvarez del Monte, Jose – 0-1 – Rodriguez Gonzales, Jesus – G96 1. e4 e5 2. Nf3 Nc6 3. Bb5 a6 4. Ba4 Nf6 5. O-O Be7 6. Re1 b5 7. Bb3 d6 8. c3 O-O 9. h3 Na5 10. Bc2 c5
1966 Zinnowitz Zinnowitz GER – Round 10 – Pietzsch, Wolfgang – 0-1 – Nei, Iivo – G33 1. e4 e5 2. Nf3 Nc6 3. Bb5 a6 4. Ba4 Nf6 5. O-O Be7 6. Re1 b5 7. Bb3 d6 8. c3 O-O 9. h3 Na5 10. Bc2 c5
1969 URS-ch37 – Round ? – Balashov, Yuri S – 1/2-1/2 – Kholmov, Ratmir D – G21 1. e4 e5 2. Nf3 Nc6 3. Bb5 a6 4. Ba4 Nf6 5. O-O Be7 6. Re1 b5 7. Bb3 d6 8. c3 O-O 9. h3 Na5 10. Bc2 c5
1970 Palma de Mallorca Interzonal – Round 4 – Geller, Efim P – 1-0 – Mecking, Henrique – G218 1. e4 e5 2. Nf3 Nc6 3. Bb5 a6 4. Ba4 Nf6 5. O-O Be7 6. Re1 b5 7. Bb3 d6 8. c3 O-O 9. h3 Na5 10. Bc2 c5
1972 Skopje ol (Men) fin-A – Round 1 – Matulovic, Milan – 1-0 – Gereben, Erno – G325 1. e4 e5 2. Nf3 Nc6 3. Bb5 a6 4. Ba4 Nf6 5. O-O Be7 6. Re1 b5 7. Bb3 d6 8. c3 O-O 9. h3 Na5 10. Bc2 c5

C98f — Closed Chigorin

1.e4 e5 2.Nf3 Nc6 3.Bb5 a6 4.Ba4 Nf6 5.O-O Be7 6.Re1 b5 7.Bb3 O-O 8.c3 d6 9.h3 Na5 10.Bc2 c5 11.d4 Qc7 12.Nbd2 Nc6 13.d5 Na5

Eval: [+0.99]

Les coups candidats

14.b3 — 58.3% (323 parties)

Ambassadeurs : Lengyel, Bela (65x), Lengyel, Balint Bence (7x), Zielinski, Sergej (5x), Mesquita, Fausto Monteiro Jr (5x), Szalanczi, Emil (4x), Jovcic, Milan (3x), Narciso, Mário Garcia (3x), Eperjesi, Laszlo Dr. (3x)

14.Nf1 — 35.6% (197 parties)

Ambassadeurs : Lengyel, Bela (19x), Averbakh, Yuri L (5x), Tarnowski, Alfred (4x), Hungaski, Robert (4x), Pachman, Ludek (3x), Alekhine, Alexander (3x), Stoltz, Gösta (2x), Dworzynski, Roman (2x)

14.a4 — 2.3% (13 parties)

Ambassadeurs : Buslayev (1x), Petrosian, Tigran V. (1x), Gore, James (1x), Kaufmann, Allan (1x), Keres, Paul Petrovich (1x), Filip, Miroslav (1x), Stolnikova, Ludmila (1x), Fokina, Natalia (1x)

14.b4 — 2.2% (12 parties)

Ambassadeurs : Lengyel, Bela (2x), Nilsson, Zandor (1x), Andersson, Bjorn 1971 (1x), Bednarski, Jacek (1x), Lachut, Jan (1x), Walton, John (1x), Collins, Richard Arnold (1x), Goldenberg, Edgardo (1x)

Analyse statistique des coups candidats

Répartition par niveau Elo (% des parties)

Tranche Elo	N parties	14.b3	14.Nf1	14.a4	14.b4
<1800	5	40%	60%	—	—
1800-2200	139	57%	38%	2%	1%
2200-2600	221	69%	27%	1%	2%
2600+	1	—	100%	—	—

Évolution par décennie (% des parties)

Décennie	N parties	14.b3	14.Nf1	14.a4	14.b4
1930s	3	100%	—	—	—
1940s	10	—	80%	10%	—
1950s	26	8%	85%	4%	—
1960s	31	19%	58%	10%	13%
1970s	49	55%	31%	6%	6%
1980s	34	68%	26%	3%	3%
1990s	79	68%	28%	3%	—
2000s	184	63%	34%	1%	1%
2010s	127	67%	29%	1%	2%
2020s	11	64%	36%	—	—

Tendances récentes (2010s → 2020s)

Coup	2010s	2020s	Δ
14.b3	67%	64%	▼ -3.3%
14.Nf1	29%	36%	▲ +7.2%
14.a4	1%	0%	▼ -0.8%
14.b4	2%	0%	▼ -1.6%

Joueurs célèbres

Champions du monde dans cette position

Alekhine, Alexander — 3 parties
Karpov, Anatoly — 2 parties
Botvinnik, Mikhail — 1 partie

Parties historiques

14.b3 — 58.3% (323 parties)

1937 — Alexander, Conol Hugh vs Keres Paul Petrovich — 1/2-1/2 — ?
1937 — Alexander, Conol Hugh vs Keres, Paul — 1/2-1/2 — Hastings ENG
1937 — Alexander, Ch'D vs Keres, Paul Petrovich — 1/2-1/2 — Hastings ENG
1956 — Grogan, Richard vs Niephaus, Walter — 0-1 — Moscow RUS
1959 — Shamkovich, Leonid vs Krogius, Nikolai V — 0-1 — Voronezh RUS

14.Nf1 — 35.6% (197 parties)

1942 — Stoltz, Gösta vs Alekhine, Alexander — 0-1 — Munich GER
1942 — Stoltz, Gösta vs Alekhine, Alexander — 0-1 — Munich GER
1942 — Stoltz, Gosta vs Alekhine, Alexander — 0-1 — Munich (07)
1945 — Pilnik, Herman vs Adams, Weaver — 1-0 — Hollywood
1946 — Bonch-Osmolovsky, Mikhail vs Averbakh, Yuri L — 1/2-1/2 — Ch Moscow Moscow RUS

14.a4 — 2.3% (13 parties)

1946 — Buslayev vs Petrosian, Tigran V. — 0-1 — Leningrad RUS
1955 — Gore, James vs Kaufmann, Allan — 0-1 — New York, NY USA
1962 — Loeffler, Alfonso vs Tiemann, Christoph — 0-1 — WT/M/945
1965 — Keres, Paul Petrovich vs Filip, Miroslav — 1/2-1/2 — Marianske Lazne
1967 — Stolnikova, Ludmila vs Fokina, Natalia — 1-0 — Moscow RUS

14.b4 — 2.2% (12 parties)

1961 — Bednarski, Jacek vs Lachut, Jan — 0-1 — Katowice POL
1961 — Goldenberg, Edgardo vs Braut Grane, Joan — 1/2-1/2 — Mar del Plata ARG
1962 — Nilsson, Zandor vs Andersson, Bjorn 1971 — 1-0 — Stockholm SWE
1964 — Walton, John vs Collins, Richard Arnold — 1/2-1/2 — ?
1972 — Lehmann, Wayne Joachim vs Schuhler, E — 1-0 — corr DDR-PK

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