C98f — Spanish: Closed, Chigorin, 12…Nc6 13.d5 Na5

1.e4 e5 2.Nf3 Nc6 3.Bb5 a6 4.Ba4 Nf6 5.O-O Be7 6.Re1 b5 7.Bb3 O-O 8.c3 d6 9.h3 Na5 10.Bc2 c5 11.d4 Qc7 12.Nbd2 Nc6 13.d5 Na5 * ○ Trait aux Blancs

Ouverture — Centre fermé

♔ Point de vue Blancs

8 7 6 5 4 3 2 1

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Plan principal. Jeu sur l'aile dame (b3 dans 59 % des parties).

Atouts. Les Blancs s'appuient sur un fou actif en c2.

En contrepartie. Plusieurs pièces dorment encore (le fou c1 et la tour a1).

Plans. b3 (Préparer le fianchetto — 59 % des parties) ; Nf1 (35 % des parties).

♚ Point de vue Noirs

1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8

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Plan principal. Jeu sur l'aile dame.

Atouts. Les Noirs s'appuient sur un contrôle dominant de c4 et un avant-poste en c4.

Côté adverse. Un mauvais fou en c2.

En contrepartie. Plusieurs pièces dorment encore (le fou c8 et la tour a8).

Plans. ...Bd7 (Fou actif (mobilité 7), Développer c8 — 61 % des parties) ; ...Nc4 (Cavalier actif en c4 — 12 % des parties) ; ...c4 (Frapper le centre adverse — 7 % des parties) ; ...Nb7 (6 % des parties).

Avantages

Faiblesses

Diagonale active

Plans

Structure de pions

	♔ Blancs	♚ Noirs
Pions doublés	—	—
Pions isolés	—	—
Arriérés	—	—
Chaînes	● b2→c3, g2→h3, e4→d5	● a6→b5, d6→c5, d6→e5
Passés	—	—
Majorité	—	—

Cases

	♔ Blancs	♚ Noirs
Cases fortes	—	● c4 (2v1)
Cases faibles	—	—
Centre	● e4 (3v1)	—

Colonnes et diagonales

♔ Blancs

♚ Noirs

Pièces

	♔ Blancs	♚ Noirs
Bc1	● Bc1 Non développé (mob. 0)
Bc2	● Bc2 Actif (mob. 4)
Be7		● Be7 Ok (mob. 1)
Bc8		● Bc8 Non développé (mob. 6)
Paire de fous	● Oui	● Oui
Non développées	2 (● c1, ● a1)	2 (● c8, ● a8)

Sécurité du roi

	♔ Blancs	♚ Noirs
Statut	● Roqué	● Roqué
Droits de roque	—	—

Thèmes

	♔ Blancs	♚ Noirs
Phase	Ouverture
Centre	fermé
Ruptures	● c3-c4	—

Partie
1937 Hastings3738 – Round 8 – Alexander, Conol Hugh – 1/2-1/2 – Keres, Paul – G34 1. e4 e5 2. Nf3 Nc6 3. Bb5 a6 4. Ba4 Nf6 5. O-O Be7 6. Re1 b5 7. Bb3 d6 8. c3 O-O 9. h3 Na5 10. Bc2 c5
1942 Munich – Round 1 – Stoltz, Gösta – 0-1 – Alekhine, Alexander – G16 1. e4 e5 2. Nf3 Nc6 3. Bb5 a6 4. Ba4 Nf6 5. O-O Be7 6. Re1 b5 7. Bb3 d6 8. c3 O-O 9. h3 Na5 10. Bc2 c5
1942 Munich – Round 7 – Stoltz, Gösta – 0-1 – Alekhine, Alexander – G49 1. e4 e5 2. Nf3 Nc6 3. Bb5 a6 4. Ba4 Nf6 5. O-O Be7 6. Re1 b5 7. Bb3 d6 8. c3 O-O 9. h3 Na5 10. Bc2 c5
1945 Pan American – Round ? – Pilnik, Herman – 1-0 – Adams, Weaver – G65 1. e4 e5 2. Nf3 Nc6 3. Bb5 a6 4. Ba4 Nf6 5. O-O Be7 6. Re1 b5 7. Bb3 d6 8. c3 O-O 9. h3 Na5 10. Bc2 c5
1947 Hilversum zt – Round 9 – Alexander Ronald Cheng – 1-0 – Pachman, Ludek – G24 1. e4 e5 2. Nf3 Nc6 3. Bb5 a6 4. Ba4 Nf6 5. O-O Be7 6. Re1 b5 7. Bb3 d6 8. c3 O-O 9. h3 Na5 10. Bc2 c5
1948 Bad Gastein – Round 1 – Lokvenc, Josef – 1/2-1/2 – Gereben, Erno – G8 1. e4 e5 2. Nf3 Nc6 3. Bb5 a6 4. Ba4 Nf6 5. O-O Be7 6. Re1 b5 7. Bb3 d6 8. c3 Na5 9. Bc2 c5 10. d4 Qc7
1950 SUI Ch – Round 3 – Blau, Max – 1/2-1/2 – Batchinsky, Basile – G7 1. e4 e5 2. Nf3 Nc6 3. Bb5 a6 4. Ba4 Nf6 5. O-O Be7 6. Re1 b5 7. Bb3 d6 8. c3 O-O 9. h3 Na5 10. Bc2 c5
1952 Helsinki olm – Round 1 – Penrose, Justin – 1/2-1/2 – Pachman, Ludek – G175 1. e4 e5 2. Nf3 Nc6 3. Bb5 a6 4. Ba4 Nf6 5. O-O Be7 6. Re1 b5 7. Bb3 O-O 8. c3 d6 9. h3 Na5 10. Bc2 c5
1952 JUG Ch – Round 9 – Bogdanovic, Rajko – 1/2-1/2 – Vukovic, Sava – G57 1. e4 e5 2. Nf3 Nc6 3. Bb5 a6 4. Ba4 Nf6 5. O-O Be7 6. Re1 b5 7. Bb3 d6 8. c3 O-O 9. h3 Na5 10. Bc2 c5
1952 POL-ch10 – Round 3 – Dworzynski, Roman – 1-0 – Tarnowski, Alfred – G22 1. e4 e5 2. Nf3 Nc6 3. Bb5 a6 4. Ba4 Nf6 5. O-O Be7 6. Re1 b5 7. Bb3 d6 8. c3 O-O 9. h3 Na5 10. Bc2 c5
1953 Candidats Tournament – Round 17 – Averbakh, Yuri L – 1/2-1/2 – Keres, Paul Petrovich – G111 1. e4 e5 2. Nf3 Nc6 3. Bb5 a6 4. Ba4 Nf6 5. O-O Be7 6. Re1 b5 7. Bb3 O-O 8. c3 d6 9. h3 Na5 10. Bc2 c5
1953 POL-ch11 – Round 11 – Dworzynski, Roman – 1/2-1/2 – Luczynowicz, Waclaw – G70 1. e4 e5 2. Nf3 Nc6 3. Bb5 a6 4. Ba4 b5 5. Bb3 Nf6 6. O-O d6 7. Re1 Be7 8. c3 Na5 9. Bc2 c5 10. h3 O-O
1954 Moscow training m – Round ? – Kan, Ilya A – 0-1 – Botvinnik, Mikhail – G12 1. e4 e5 2. Nf3 Nc6 3. Bb5 a6 4. Ba4 Nf6 5. O-O Be7 6. Re1 b5 7. Bb3 d6 8. c3 O-O 9. h3 Na5 10. Bc2 c5
1955 CSR Ch – Round 7 – Florian, Jaromir – 1-0 – Dolezal, Jiri – G54 1. e4 e5 2. Nf3 Nc6 3. Bb5 a6 4. Ba4 Nf6 5. O-O Be7 6. Re1 b5 7. Bb3 d6 8. c3 O-O 9. h3 Na5 10. Bc2 c5
1955 Hoechst ch-GER – Round 1 – Niephaus, Walter – 1/2-1/2 – Darga, Klaus – G47 1. e4 e5 2. Nf3 Nc6 3. Bb5 a6 4. Ba4 Nf6 5. O-O b5 6. Bb3 Be7 7. Re1 d6 8. c3 O-O 9. h3 Na5 10. Bc2 c5
1956 Corr W-02ch – Round ? – Kaliwoda, Kurt – 0-1 – Jezek, Jaroslav – G13 1. e4 e5 2. Nf3 Nc6 3. Bb5 a6 4. Ba4 Nf6 5. O-O Be7 6. Re1 b5 7. Bb3 d6 8. c3 O-O 9. h3 Na5 10. Bc2 c5
1956 Moscow olm prel – Round 8 – Grogan, Richard – 0-1 – Niephaus, Walter – G260 1. e4 e5 2. Nf3 Nc6 3. Bb5 a6 4. Ba4 Nf6 5. O-O Be7 6. Re1 b5 7. Bb3 d6 8. c3 O-O 9. h3 Na5 10. Bc2 c5
1958 Munich olm fin-B – Round 9 – Andersen, Borge – 0-1 – Tarnowski, Alfred – G88 1. e4 e5 2. Nf3 Nc6 3. Bb5 a6 4. Ba4 Nf6 5. O-O Be7 6. Re1 b5 7. Bb3 d6 8. c3 O-O 9. h3 Na5 10. Bc2 c5
1959 Tbilisi ch-URS – Round 19 – Spassky, Boris Vasily – 1/2-1/2 – Averbakh, Yuri L – G167 1. e4 e5 2. Nf3 Nc6 3. Bb5 a6 4. Ba4 Nf6 5. O-O Be7 6. Re1 b5 7. Bb3 d6 8. c3 O-O 9. h3 Na5 10. Bc2 c5
1959 URS-ch26 – Round 15 – Nikitin, Aleksander S – 1/2-1/2 – Keres, Paul – G11 1. e4 e5 2. Nf3 Nc6 3. Bb5 a6 4. Ba4 Nf6 5. O-O Be7 6. Re1 b5 7. Bb3 O-O 8. c3 d6 9. h3 Na5 10. Bc2 c5
1961 Mar del Plata KIM – Round 1 – Goldenberg, Edgardo – 1/2-1/2 – Braut Grane, Joan – G20 1. e4 e5 2. Nf3 Nc6 3. Bb5 a6 4. Ba4 Nf6 5. O-O Be7 6. Re1 b5 7. Bb3 d6 8. c3 O-O 9. h3 Na5 10. Bc2 c5
1961 Netanya – Round 10 – Matulovic, Milan – 1/2-1/2 – Trifunovic, Petar – G64 1. e4 e5 2. Nf3 Nc6 3. Bb5 a6 4. Ba4 Nf6 5. O-O Be7 6. Re1 b5 7. Bb3 d6 8. c3 O-O 9. h3 Na5 10. Bc2 c5
1962 Stockholm int. turneringen – Round 7 – Nilsson, Zandor – 1-0 – Andersson, Bjorn 1971 – G10 1. e4 e5 2. Nf3 Nc6 3. Bb5 a6 4. Ba4 Nf6 5. O-O b5 6. Bb3 Be7 7. Re1 O-O 8. c3 d6 9. h3 Na5 10. Bc2 c5
1962 Varna ol (Men) qual-C – Round 3 – Lopez Munoz, Johan Schneider – 0-1 – Tarnowski, Alfred – G13 1. e4 e5 2. Nf3 Nc6 3. Bb5 a6 4. Ba4 Nf6 5. O-O Be7 6. Re1 b5 7. Bb3 d6 8. c3 O-O 9. h3 Na5 10. Bc2 c5
1962 WT/M/945 – Round ? – Loeffler, Alfonso – 0-1 – Tiemann, Christoph – G12 1. e4 e5 2. Nf3 Nc6 3. Bb5 a6 4. Ba4 Nf6 5. O-O Be7 6. Re1 b5 7. Bb3 O-O 8. c3 d6 9. h3 Na5 10. Bc2 c5
1963 POL Ch 20th – Round 15 – Bednarski, Jacek B – 0-1 – Brzozka, Stefan – G95 1. e4 e5 2. Nf3 Nc6 3. Bb5 a6 4. Ba4 Nf6 5. O-O Be7 6. Re1 b5 7. Bb3 d6 8. c3 O-O 9. h3 Na5 10. Bc2 c5
1964 Reggio Emilia ITA – Round 5 – Palmiotto, Fiorentino – 0-1 – Teschner, Rudolf – G21 1. e4 e5 2. Nf3 Nc6 3. Bb5 a6 4. Ba4 Nf6 5. O-O Be7 6. Re1 b5 7. Bb3 O-O 8. c3 d6 9. h3 Na5 10. Bc2 c5
1965 Capablanca Memorial – Round 8 – Ciocaltea, Victor – 1/2-1/2 – Pachman, Ludek – G82 1. e4 e5 2. Nf3 Nc6 3. Bb5 a6 4. Ba4 Nf6 5. O-O Be7 6. Re1 b5 7. Bb3 d6 8. c3 O-O 9. h3 Na5 10. Bc2 c5
1965 Marianske Lazne – Round 5 – Keres, Paul Petrovich – 1/2-1/2 – Filip, Miroslav – G25 1. e4 e5 2. Nf3 Nc6 3. Bb5 a6 4. Ba4 Nf6 5. O-O Be7 6. Re1 b5 7. Bb3 d6 8. c3 O-O 9. h3 Na5 10. Bc2 c5
1966 Budapest HUN – Round 8 – Haag, Ervin – 1-0 – Kluger, Gyula – G19 1. e4 e5 2. Nf3 Nc6 3. Bb5 a6 4. Ba4 Nf6 5. O-O Be7 6. Re1 b5 7. Bb3 d6 8. c3 O-O 9. h3 Na5 10. Bc2 c5
1966 La Habana olm prel – Round 5 – Ben Rehouma, H. – 0-1 – Ree, Hans – G204 1. e4 e5 2. Nf3 Nc6 3. Bb5 a6 4. Ba4 Nf6 5. O-O Be7 6. Re1 b5 7. Bb3 d6 8. c3 O-O 9. h3 Na5 10. Bc2 c5
1966 Panamerican – Round ? – Alvarez del Monte, Jose – 0-1 – Rodriguez Gonzales, Jesus – G96 1. e4 e5 2. Nf3 Nc6 3. Bb5 a6 4. Ba4 Nf6 5. O-O Be7 6. Re1 b5 7. Bb3 d6 8. c3 O-O 9. h3 Na5 10. Bc2 c5
1966 Zinnowitz Zinnowitz GER – Round 10 – Pietzsch, Wolfgang – 0-1 – Nei, Iivo – G33 1. e4 e5 2. Nf3 Nc6 3. Bb5 a6 4. Ba4 Nf6 5. O-O Be7 6. Re1 b5 7. Bb3 d6 8. c3 O-O 9. h3 Na5 10. Bc2 c5
1969 URS-ch37 – Round ? – Balashov, Yuri S – 1/2-1/2 – Kholmov, Ratmir D – G21 1. e4 e5 2. Nf3 Nc6 3. Bb5 a6 4. Ba4 Nf6 5. O-O Be7 6. Re1 b5 7. Bb3 d6 8. c3 O-O 9. h3 Na5 10. Bc2 c5
1970 Palma de Mallorca Interzonal – Round 4 – Geller, Efim P – 1-0 – Mecking, Henrique – G218 1. e4 e5 2. Nf3 Nc6 3. Bb5 a6 4. Ba4 Nf6 5. O-O Be7 6. Re1 b5 7. Bb3 d6 8. c3 O-O 9. h3 Na5 10. Bc2 c5
1972 Skopje ol (Men) fin-A – Round 1 – Matulovic, Milan – 1-0 – Gereben, Erno – G325 1. e4 e5 2. Nf3 Nc6 3. Bb5 a6 4. Ba4 Nf6 5. O-O Be7 6. Re1 b5 7. Bb3 d6 8. c3 O-O 9. h3 Na5 10. Bc2 c5

C98f — Closed, Chigorin (1937)

1.e4 e5 2.Nf3 Nc6 3.Bb5 a6 4.Ba4 Nf6 5.O-O Be7 6.Re1 b5 7.Bb3 O-O 8.c3 d6 9.h3 Na5 10.Bc2 c5 11.d4 Qc7 12.Nbd2 Nc6 13.d5 Na5

Les coups candidats

14.b3 — 59.0% (324 parties)

Ambassadeurs : Lengyel, Bela (72x), Mesquita, Fausto Monteiro Jr (5x), Zielinski, Sergej (4x), Szalanczi, Emil (4x), Jovcic, Milan (3x), Simmelink, Joop Theo (3x), Narciso, Mário Garcia (3x), Farago, Sandor (3x)

14.Nf1 — 35.2% (193 parties)

Ambassadeurs : Lengyel, Bela (20x), Averbakh, Yuri L (4x), Tarnowski, Alfred (3x), Hungaski, Robert (3x), Ciocaltea, Victor (2x), Pachman, Ludek (2x), Karpov, Anatoly (2x), Andersson, Ulf (2x)

14.a4 — 2.2% (12 parties)

Ambassadeurs : Loeffler, Alfonso (1x), Tiemann, Christoph (1x), Keres, Paul Petrovich (1x), Filip, Miroslav (1x), Gore, James (1x), Kaufmann, Allan (1x), Stolnikova, L. (1x), Fokina, Natalia (1x)

14.b4 — 2.2% (12 parties)

Ambassadeurs : Lengyel, Bela (2x), Bednarski, Jacek (1x), Aguilar Jean Jean, Lucas (1x), Walton, John (1x), Collins, Richard (1x), Nilsson, Zandor (1x), Andersson, Bjorn 1960 (1x), Goldenberg, Edgardo (1x)

Analyse statistique des coups candidats

Répartition par niveau Elo (% des parties)

Tranche Elo	N parties	14.b3	14.Nf1	14.a4	14.b4
<1800	18	39%	61%	—	—
1800-2200	174	59%	35%	3%	1%
2200-2600	194	69%	27%	1%	2%
2600+	1	—	100%	—	—

Évolution par décennie (% des parties)

Décennie	N parties	14.b3	14.Nf1	14.a4	14.b4
1950s	26	8%	85%	4%	—
1960s	31	19%	58%	10%	13%
1970s	48	54%	31%	6%	6%
1980s	36	69%	25%	3%	3%
1990s	79	68%	28%	3%	—
2000s	186	62%	34%	1%	1%
2010s	130	66%	30%	1%	2%
2020s	13	69%	31%	—	—

Tendances récentes (2010s → 2020s)

Coup	2010s	2020s	Δ
14.b3	66%	69%	▲ +3.1%
14.Nf1	30%	31%	▲ +0.8%
14.a4	1%	0%	▼ -0.8%
14.b4	2%	0%	▼ -1.5%

Joueurs célèbres

Champions du monde dans cette position

Karpov, Anatoly — 2 parties
Botvinnik, Mikhail — 1 partie

Parties historiques

14.b3 — 59.0% (324 parties)

1956 — Grogan, Richard vs Niephaus, Walter — 0-1 — Moscow RUS
1959 — Shamkovich, Leonid vs Krogius, Nikolai V — 0-1 — Voronezh RUS
1962 — Schnaider, Alex vs Tarnowski, Alfred — 0-1 — ?
1962 — Lopez Munoz, Johan Schneider vs Tarnowski, Alfred — 0-1 — Varna BUL
1963 — Kopriwa, V. vs Jovcic, Milan — 0-1 — FS-WM/4 sf Gru

14.Nf1 — 35.2% (193 parties)

1950 — Aditya Balu Jadhav vs Batchinsky, Basile — 1/2-1/2 — Lucerne SUI
1952 — Bogdanovic, Rajko vs Vukovic, Sava — 1/2-1/2 — Belgrade SRB
1952 — Penrose, Jonathan vs Pachman, Ludek — 1/2-1/2 — Helsinki olm
1952 — Bobotsov, Milko G vs Tarnowski, Alfred — 0-1 — Miedzyzdroje
1952 — Dworzynski, Roman vs Tarnowski, Alfred — 1-0 — Katowice POL

14.a4 — 2.2% (12 parties)

1955 — Gore, James vs Kaufmann, Allan — 0-1 — New York, NY USA
1962 — Loeffler, Alfonso vs Tiemann, Christoph — 0-1 — WT/M/945
1965 — Keres, Paul Petrovich vs Filip, Miroslav — 1/2-1/2 — Marianske Lazne
1967 — Stolnikova, L. vs Fokina, Natalia — 1-0 — URS
1970 — Redlich, Bogdan vs Orlowski, Ryszard — 1-0 — Warsaw POL

14.b4 — 2.2% (12 parties)

1961 — Bednarski, Jacek vs Aguilar Jean Jean, Lucas — 0-1 — Katowice POL
1961 — Goldenberg, Edgardo vs Grane, Orla — 1/2-1/2 — Mar del Plata ARG
1962 — Nilsson, Zandor vs Andersson, Bjorn 1960 — 1-0 — ?
1964 — Walton, John vs Collins, Richard — 1/2-1/2 — ?
1972 — Lehmann, Wolfgang vs Schuehler, E — 1-0 — ?

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