Structure de pions

	♔ Blancs	♚ Noirs
Pions doublés	—	—
Pions isolés	—	—
Arriérés	—	—
Chaînes	● b2→c3, g2→h3, c3→d4	● a6→b5, d6→c5, d6→e5
Passés	—	—
Majorité	—	—

Cases

	♔ Blancs	♚ Noirs
Cases fortes	—	—
Cases faibles	—	—
Centre	● e4 (3v1)	● d4 (3v2)

Colonnes et diagonales

♔ Blancs

♚ Noirs

Pièces

	♔ Blancs	♚ Noirs
Bc1	● Bc1 Non développé (mob. 0)
Bc2	● Bc2 Actif (mob. 4)
Be7		● Be7 Ok (mob. 1)
Bc8		● Bc8 Non développé (mob. 6)
Paire de fous	● Oui	● Oui
Non développées	2 (● c1, ● a1)	2 (● c8, ● a8)

Sécurité du roi

	♔ Blancs	♚ Noirs
Statut	● Roqué	● Roqué
Droits de roque	—	—

Thèmes

	♔ Blancs	♚ Noirs
Phase	Ouverture
Centre	fermé
Ruptures	● c3-c4	● …d6-d5

C98a — Spanish: Closed, Chigorin, 12…Nc6

1.e4 e5 2.Nf3 Nc6 3.Bb5 a6 4.Ba4 Nf6 5.O-O Be7 6.Re1 b5 7.Bb3 O-O 8.c3 d6 9.h3 Na5 10.Bc2 c5 11.d4 Qc7 12.Nbd2 Nc6 * ○ Trait aux Blancs

Ouverture — Centre fermé

♔ Point de vue Blancs

8 7 6 5 4 3 2 1

abcdefgh

Plan principal. Jeu au centre (d5 dans 49 % des parties).

Atouts. Les Blancs s'appuient sur un fou actif en c2.

En contrepartie. Plusieurs pièces dorment encore (le fou c1 et la tour a1).

Plans. d5 (Occuper le centre — 49 % des parties) ; dxc5 (Capture en c5, Frapper le centre adverse — 35 % des parties) ; dxe5 (Capture en e5, Occuper le centre — 6 % des parties) ; Nf1 (5 % des parties).

♚ Point de vue Noirs

1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8

hgfedcba

Plan principal. Jeu sur l'aile dame.

En contrepartie. Plusieurs pièces dorment encore (le fou c8 et la tour a8).

Plans. ...Nd8 (32 % des parties) ; ...Na5 (12 % des parties) ; ...cxd4 (Capture en d4, Occuper le centre — 5 % des parties).

Avantages

Faiblesses

Diagonale active

Plans

Partie
1908 DSB-16.Kongress – Round 7 – Suechting, Hugo – 0-1 – Salwe, Georg – G40 1. e4 e5 2. Nf3 Nc6 3. Bb5 a6 4. Ba4 Nf6 5. O-O Be7 6. Re1 b5 7. Bb3 d6 8. c3 O-O 9. h3 Na5 10. Bc2 c5
1931 New York – Round 7 – Lasker, Edward – 1/2-1/2 – Kupchik, Abraham – G52 1. e4 e5 2. Nf3 Nc6 3. Bb5 a6 4. Ba4 Nf6 5. O-O Be7 6. Re1 b5 7. Bb3 d6 8. c3 O-O 9. h3 Na5 10. Bc2 c5
1932 Bad Sliac – Round 1 – Gonzalez May, Daniel Francisco – 0-1 – Vidmar, Marjeta – G68 1. e4 e5 2. Nf3 Nc6 3. Bb5 a6 4. Ba4 Nf6 5. O-O Be7 6. Re1 b5 7. Bb3 d6 8. c3 Na5 9. Bc2 c5 10. d4 Qc7
1947 Moscow RUS – Round 1 – Simagin, Vladimir – 1/2-1/2 – Bronstein, David I – G25 1. e4 e5 2. Nf3 Nc6 3. Bb5 a6 4. Ba4 Nf6 5. O-O Be7 6. Re1 b5 7. Bb3 d6 8. c3 O-O 9. h3 Na5 10. Bc2 c5
1947 Schlechter Memorial – Round 3 – Turiansky, M. – 1-0 – Gereben, Erno – G8 1. e4 e5 2. Nf3 Nc6 3. Bb5 a6 4. Ba4 Nf6 5. O-O Be7 6. Re1 b5 7. Bb3 d6 8. c3 Na5 9. Bc2 c5 10. h3 O-O
1949 URS Ch, semi final – Round 9 – Simagin, Vladimir – 1-0 – Chekhover, Vitaly – G71 1. e4 e5 2. Nf3 Nc6 3. Bb5 a6 4. Ba4 Nf6 5. O-O Be7 6. Re1 b5 7. Bb3 d6 8. c3 O-O 9. h3 Na5 10. Bc2 c5
1955 Zagreb – Round 1 – Matanovic, Aleksandar – 1/2-1/2 – Rabar, Braslav – G21 1. e4 e5 2. Nf3 Nc6 3. Bb5 a6 4. Ba4 Nf6 5. O-O Be7 6. Re1 b5 7. Bb3 d6 8. c3 O-O 9. h3 Na5 10. Bc2 c5
1957 Sombor – Round 14 – Djurasevic, Bozidar – 1/2-1/2 – Nedeljkovic, Srecko M – G142 1. e4 e5 2. Nf3 Nc6 3. Bb5 a6 4. Ba4 Nf6 5. O-O Be7 6. Re1 b5 7. Bb3 O-O 8. c3 d6 9. h3 Na5 10. Bc2 c5
1958 JUG-13ch Sarajevo BIH – Round 12 – Ciric, Dragoljub M – 1/2-1/2 – Janosevic, Dragoljub – G17 1. e4 e5 2. Nf3 Nc6 3. Bb5 a6 4. Ba4 Nf6 5. O-O b5 6. Bb3 Be7 7. Re1 O-O 8. h3 d6 9. c3 Na5 10. Bc2 c5
1960 Leipzig olm prel – Round 5 – Ribeiro, Joao Mario – 1/2-1/2 – Tarnowski, Alfred – G21 1. e4 e5 2. Nf3 Nc6 3. Bb5 a6 4. Ba4 Nf6 5. O-O Be7 6. Re1 b5 7. Bb3 d6 8. c3 O-O 9. h3 Na5 10. Bc2 c5
1960 URS Ch sf – Round 8 – Novopashin, Arkady – 1-0 – Movshovich A – G64 1. e4 e5 2. Nf3 Nc6 3. Bb5 a6 4. Ba4 Nf6 5. O-O Be7 6. Re1 b5 7. Bb3 d6 8. c3 O-O 9. h3 Na5 10. Bc2 c5
1963 Moscow RUS – Round ? – Simagin, Vladimir – 1/2-1/2 – Smyslov, Vasily – G46 1. e4 e5 2. Nf3 Nc6 3. Bb5 a6 4. Ba4 Nf6 5. O-O Be7 6. Re1 b5 7. Bb3 O-O 8. c3 d6 9. h3 Na5 10. Bc2 c5
1966 Moscow – Round 1 – Murey, Jacob – 1/2-1/2 – Yudovich, Mikhail Jr – G18 1. e4 e5 2. Nf3 Nc6 3. Bb5 a6 4. Ba4 Nf6 5. O-O Be7 6. Re1 b5 7. Bb3 d6 8. c3 O-O 9. h3 Na5 10. Bc2 c5
1967 ISR Ch – Round 1 – Rom, Meir – 1-0 – Porath, Yosef – G5 1. e4 e5 2. Nf3 Nc6 3. Bb5 a6 4. Ba4 Nf6 5. O-O Be7 6. Re1 b5 7. Bb3 d6 8. c3 O-O 9. h3 Na5 10. Bc2 c5
1968 Alma Ata ch-URS – Round 6 – Tal, Mikhail – 1-0 – Cherepkov, Alexander V – G68 1. e4 e5 2. Nf3 Nc6 3. Bb5 a6 4. Ba4 Nf6 5. O-O Be7 6. Re1 b5 7. Bb3 O-O 8. c3 d6 9. h3 Na5 10. Bc2 c5
1969 Corr – Round ? – Hamarat, Tunc – 1/2-1/2 – Korelov, Alexander P – G16 1. e4 e5 2. Nf3 Nc6 3. Bb5 a6 4. Ba4 Nf6 5. O-O Be7 6. Re1 b5 7. Bb3 O-O 8. c3 d6 9. h3 Na5 10. Bc2 c5
1969 Hoogovens – Round 2 – Keres, Paul Petrovich – 1-0 – Van Scheltinga, Theo – G23 1. e4 e5 2. Nf3 Nc6 3. Bb5 a6 4. Ba4 Nf6 5. O-O Be7 6. Re1 b5 7. Bb3 d6 8. c3 O-O 9. h3 Na5 10. Bc2 c5
1969 Moscow – Round 1 – Gufeld, Eduard – 1/2-1/2 – Smyslov, Vladimir – G10 1. e4 e5 2. Nf3 Nc6 3. Bb5 a6 4. Ba4 Nf6 5. O-O d6 6. Re1 Be7 7. c3 b5 8. Bb3 O-O 9. h3 Na5 10. Bc2 c5
1969 Moskou ch-URS – Round 13 – Gufeld, Eduard – 1/2-1/2 – Smyslov, Vladimir – G220 1. e4 e5 2. Nf3 Nc6 3. Bb5 a6 4. Ba4 Nf6 5. O-O Be7 6. Re1 b5 7. Bb3 O-O 8. c3 d6 9. h3 Na5 10. Bc2 c5

C98a — Closed, Chigorin (1908)

1.e4 e5 2.Nf3 Nc6 3.Bb5 a6 4.Ba4 Nf6 5.O-O Be7 6.Re1 b5 7.Bb3 O-O 8.c3 d6 9.h3 Na5 10.Bc2 c5 11.d4 Qc7 12.Nbd2 Nc6

Les coups candidats

13.d5 — 68.0% (1692 parties) →

Ambassadeurs : Lengyel, Bela (92x), Zielinski, Sergej (30x), Rubil, Marko (14x), Grotnes, Nils Ragnar (13x), Vass, Viktor (10x), Hernandez Onna, Roman (8x), Arjit Shaw (7x), Nickl, Klaus (7x)

13.dxc5 — 19.6% (487 parties) →

Ambassadeurs : Ivkov, Borislav (11x), Tal, Mikhail (10x), Smyslov, Vasily (10x), Averbakh, Yuri L (9x), Matanovic, Aleksandar (9x), Filip, Miroslav (9x), Fischer, Robert J (8x), Parma, Bruno (7x)

13.Nf1 — 5.3% (131 parties)

Ambassadeurs : Lengyel, Bela (3x), Gumprich, Kurt (2x), Lyly, Seppo (2x), Litsberger, Rune (1x), Book, Eero (1x), Woodhams, Michael (1x), Tompuri, Ismo (1x), Palme, Rudolf (1x)

13.dxe5 — 3.3% (81 parties)

Ambassadeurs : Matanovic, Aleksandar (3x), Pilnik, Herman (2x), Botvinnik, Mikhail (2x), Tarnowski, Alfred (2x), Gligorić, Svetozar (2x), Vasiukov, Evgeni (2x), Heilemann, Paul (2x), Matulovic, Milan (2x)

Analyse statistique des coups candidats

Répartition par niveau Elo (% des parties)

Tranche Elo	N parties	13.d5	13.dxc5	13.Nf1	13.dxe5
<1800	76	78%	9%	5%	1%
1800-2200	797	76%	11%	8%	2%
2200-2600	848	79%	13%	3%	1%
2600+	9	78%	22%	—	—

Évolution par décennie (% des parties)

Décennie	N parties	13.d5	13.dxc5	13.Nf1	13.dxe5
1950s	103	22%	48%	8%	18%
1960s	239	24%	57%	4%	8%
1970s	280	41%	39%	5%	6%
1980s	173	59%	27%	8%	5%
1990s	298	77%	14%	5%	2%
2000s	716	83%	9%	4%	1%
2010s	615	83%	6%	6%	1%
2020s	66	86%	3%	8%	—

Tendances récentes (2010s → 2020s)

Coup	2010s	2020s	Δ
13.d5	83%	86%	▲ +3.1%
13.dxc5	6%	3%	▼ -3.3%
13.Nf1	6%	8%	▲ +1.9%
13.dxe5	1%	0%	▼ -0.7%

Joueurs célèbres

Champions du monde dans cette position

Karpov, Anatoly — 10 parties
Tal, Mikhail — 10 parties
Botvinnik, Mikhail — 9 parties
Smyslov, Vladimir — 3 parties
Karpov, Aleksandr — 1 partie
Carlsen, Magnus — 1 partie

Parties historiques

13.d5 — 68.0% (1692 parties)

1950 — Belova, Valentina M vs Rubtsova, Olga — 0-1 — Moscow RUS
1950 — Wagschal, Philippe vs Kahn, Victor — 1/2-1/2 — Aix en Provence
1950 — Aditya Balu Jadhav vs Batchinsky, Basile — 1/2-1/2 — Lucerne SUI
1952 — Bobotsov, Milko G vs Tarnowski, Alfred — 0-1 — Miedzyzdroje
1952 — Dworzynski, Roman vs Tarnowski, Alfred — 1-0 — Katowice POL

13.dxc5 — 19.6% (487 parties)

1950 — Tal, Mikhail vs Darznieks, Artur — 0-1 — It Riga LAT
1950 — Matanovic, Aleksandar vs Pinkus, Albert — 1-0 — USA
1951 — Suetin, Alexey S vs Kamishov, Mikhail P — 1-0 — Tbilisi GEO
1951 — Moura, Jairo De Souza vs Enevoldsen, Jens — 1-0 — Madrid ESP
1951 — Yanofsky, Daniel Abraham vs Alexander J — 1-0 — Oxford University ch

13.Nf1 — 5.3% (131 parties)

1951 — Gumprich, Kurt vs De Carbonnel, Heinz — 1-0 — ?
1952 — Gumprich, Kurt vs Palme, Rudolf — 1-0 — Berlin-Innsbruck
1955 — Salov, Vitaly V. vs Lilienthal, Andor — 1/2-1/2 — Moscow RUS
1956 — Johannessen, Svein vs Dworzynski, Roman — 0-1 — Moskou olm
1957 — Giustolisi, Alberto vs Lilloni Luciano — 1-0 — San Benedetto

13.dxe5 — 3.3% (81 parties)

1951 — Matanovic, Aleksandar vs Milic, Borislav — 1/2-1/2 — Sarajevo BIH
1951 — Milev, Zdravko vs Karastoichev, Emil — 1-0 — Bucharest ROU
1952 — Matanovic, Aleksandar vs Pilnik, Herman — 1/2-1/2 — Saltsjobaden SWE
1952 — Saigin, Vladimir vs Borisenko, Georgy K — 1-0 — URS-ch sf Minsk BLR
1952 — Kan, Ilya A vs Botvinnik, Mikhail — 1-0 — Moscow RUS

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