Structure de pions

	♔ Blancs	♚ Noirs
Pions doublés	—	—
Pions isolés	—	—
Arriérés	—	—
Chaînes	● b2→c3, d2→c3, g2→h3	● d6→e5, c7→d6
Passés	—	—
Majorité	—	—

Cases

	♔ Blancs	♚ Noirs
Cases fortes	● d5 (2v1)	—
Cases faibles	—	—
Centre	● d5 (2v1)	● e5 (2v1)

Colonnes et diagonales

♔ Blancs

♚ Noirs

Pièces

	♔ Blancs	♚ Noirs
Bc1	● Bc1 Non développé (mob. 0)
Bb3	● Bb3 Actif (mob. 6)
Be7		● Be7 Mauvais (mob. 0)
Bc8		● Bc8 Non développé (mob. 7)
Paire de fous	● Oui	● Oui
Clouages	—	● pawn f7
Non développées	3 (● b1, ● c1, ● a1)	2 (● c8, ● a8)

Sécurité du roi

	♔ Blancs	♚ Noirs
Statut	● Roqué	● Roqué
Droits de roque	—	—

Thèmes

	♔ Blancs	♚ Noirs
Phase	Ouverture
Centre	fermé
Ruptures	● c3-c4, ● d2-d4	● …d6-d5

C92b — Spanish: Closed, Keres Variation

1.e4 e5 2.Nf3 Nc6 3.Bb5 a6 4.Ba4 Nf6 5.O-O Be7 6.Re1 b5 7.Bb3 O-O 8.c3 d6 9.h3 a5 * ○ Trait aux Blancs

Ouverture — Centre fermé

♔ Point de vue Blancs

8 7 6 5 4 3 2 1

abcdefgh

Plans. d4 (Occuper le centre — 50 % des parties) ; a4 (31 % des parties) ; d3 (Solidifier le centre — 15 % des parties).

♚ Point de vue Noirs

1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8

hgfedcba

Plans. ...a4 (53 % des parties) ; ...b4 (Expansion aile dame — 31 % des parties).

Avantages

Faiblesses

Diagonale active

Plans

Partie
1935 Warsaw olm – Round 2 – Bellod Thomas, Gonzalo – 1-0 – Stoltz, Gabriel – G7 1. e4 e5 2. Nf3 Nc6 3. Bb5 a6 4. Ba4 Nf6 5. O-O Be7 6. Re1 b5 7. Bb3 d6 8. c3 O-O 9. h3 a5 10. d4 exd4
1948 Moskou ch-URS – Round 13 – Konstantinopolsky, Alexander – 1/2-1/2 – Bondarevsky, Igor – G113 1. e4 e5 2. Nf3 Nc6 3. Bb5 a6 4. Ba4 Nf6 5. O-O Be7 6. Re1 b5 7. Bb3 d6 8. c3 O-O 9. h3 a5 10. a4 b4
1948 URS-ch16 – Round 4 – Averbakh, Yuri L – 1/2-1/2 – Bondarevsky, Igor – G4 1. e4 e5 2. Nf3 Nc6 3. Bb5 a6 4. Ba4 Nf6 5. O-O Be7 6. Re1 b5 7. Bb3 d6 8. c3 O-O 9. h3 a5 10. d4 exd4
1949 Heidelberg – Round 4 – Schmid, Leo – 0-1 – Rossolimo, Nicolas – G14 1. e4 e5 2. Nf3 Nc6 3. Bb5 a6 4. Ba4 Nf6 5. O-O Be7 6. Re1 b5 7. Bb3 O-O 8. c3 d6 9. h3 a5 10. d4 exd4
1949 Trencianske Teplice – Round 4 – Foltys, Jan – 1/2-1/2 – Bolbochan, J. – G23 1. e4 e5 2. Nf3 Nc6 3. Bb5 a6 4. Ba4 Nf6 5. O-O Be7 6. Re1 b5 7. Bb3 O-O 8. c3 d6 9. h3 a5 10. d4 exd4
1950 Mar del Plata – Round 12 – Abadia Castillo, Mateo – 1/2-1/2 – Bolbochan, J. – G102 1. e4 e5 2. Nf3 Nc6 3. Bb5 a6 4. Ba4 Nf6 5. O-O Be7 6. Re1 b5 7. Bb3 O-O 8. c3 d6 9. h3 a5 10. a4 b4
1951 GER Ch 14th – Round 2 – Gilg, Karl – 1-0 – Stein, Georg – G5 1. e4 e5 2. Nf3 Nc6 3. Bb5 a6 4. Ba4 Nf6 5. O-O Be7 6. Re1 b5 7. Bb3 d6 8. c3 O-O 9. h3 a5 10. a4 b4
1952 Moscow Ch – Round 10 – Kotov Lundqvist, Alex – 1/2-1/2 – Estrin, Yakov – G55 1. e4 e5 2. Nf3 Nc6 3. Bb5 a6 4. Ba4 Nf6 5. O-O Be7 6. Re1 b5 7. Bb3 O-O 8. c3 d6 9. h3 a5 10. d4 exd4
1954 Kiev ch-URS – Round 1 – Livshin, Iosif – 1/2-1/2 – Bannik, Anatolij – G132 1. e4 e5 2. Nf3 Nc6 3. Bb5 a6 4. Ba4 Nf6 5. O-O Be7 6. Re1 b5 7. Bb3 O-O 8. c3 d6 9. h3 a5 10. a4 b4
1954 URS Team Ch – Round 7 – Vasiukov, Evgeni – 1-0 – Suetin, Alexey S – G130 1. e4 e5 2. Nf3 Nc6 3. Bb5 a6 4. Ba4 Nf6 5. O-O Be7 6. Re1 b5 7. Bb3 O-O 8. c3 d6 9. h3 a5 10. d3 a4
1955 Gothenburg Interzonal – Round 19 – Unzicker, Wolfgang – 0-1 – Keres, Paul Petrovich – G183 1. e4 e5 2. Nf3 Nc6 3. Bb5 a6 4. Ba4 Nf6 5. O-O Be7 6. Re1 b5 7. Bb3 O-O 8. c3 d6 9. h3 a5 10. d4 exd4
1955 Ljubljana – Round 12 – Puc, Stojan – 1-0 – Witkowski, Stefan – G105 1. e4 e5 2. Nf3 Nc6 3. Bb5 a6 4. Ba4 Nf6 5. O-O Be7 6. Re1 b5 7. Bb3 O-O 8. h3 d6 9. c3 a5 10. a4 b4
1955 Moscow Ch – Round 1 – Ravinsky, Grigory – 1-0 – Estrin, Yakov – G9 1. e4 e5 2. Nf3 Nc6 3. Bb5 a6 4. Ba4 Nf6 5. O-O Be7 6. Re1 b5 7. Bb3 d6 8. c3 O-O 9. h3 a5 10. d4 exd4
1955 Moskou ch-URS – Round 1 – Antoshin, Vladimir S – 1/2-1/2 – Keres, Paul – G95 1. e4 e5 2. Nf3 Nc6 3. Bb5 a6 4. Ba4 Nf6 5. O-O Be7 6. Re1 b5 7. Bb3 O-O 8. c3 d6 9. h3 a5 10. d4 exd4
1955 Novi Sad – Round 1 – Djurasevic, Bozidar – 1/2-1/2 – Trajkovic, Mihajlo – G25 1. e4 e5 2. Nf3 Nc6 3. Bb5 a6 4. Ba4 Nf6 5. O-O Be7 6. Re1 b5 7. Bb3 O-O 8. c3 d6 9. h3 a5 10. d3 a4
1956 Olympiad Moscow RUS – Round 2 – Kolon A – 0-1 – Keres, Paul Petrovich – G9 1. e4 e5 2. Nf3 Nc6 3. Bb5 a6 4. Ba4 Nf6 5. O-O Be7 6. Re1 b5 7. Bb3 d6 8. c3 O-O 9. h3 a5 10. d4 exd4
1957 Mar del Plata – Round 17 – Incutto, Carlos – 0-1 – Keres, Paul – G145 1. e4 e5 2. Nf3 Nc6 3. Bb5 a6 4. Ba4 Nf6 5. O-O Be7 6. Re1 b5 7. Bb3 d6 8. c3 O-O 9. h3 a5 10. d4 exd4
1957 Santiago – Round ? – Salas Romo, Julio – 1/2-1/2 – Keres, Paul – G24 1. e4 e5 2. Nf3 Nc6 3. Bb5 a6 4. Ba4 Nf6 5. O-O Be7 6. Re1 b5 7. Bb3 O-O 8. c3 d6 9. h3 a5 10. a4 b4
1957 URS-JUG – Round 6 – Nedeljkovic, Srecko M – 1/2-1/2 – Keres, P. – G30 1. e4 e5 2. Nf3 Nc6 3. Bb5 a6 4. Ba4 Nf6 5. O-O Be7 6. Re1 b5 7. Bb3 O-O 8. c3 d6 9. h3 a5 10. a4 b4
1957 Warchau ch POL – Round 16 – Kostro, Jerzy – 0-1 – Sliwa, Bogdan – G88 1. e4 e5 2. Nf3 Nc6 3. Bb5 a6 4. Ba4 Nf6 5. O-O Be7 6. Re1 b5 7. Bb3 d6 8. c3 O-O 9. h3 a5 10. d4 exd4
1958 GBR Ch 45th – Round 8.5 – Mardle, Denis – 1/2-1/2 – Gibbs, Peter Campbell – G57 1. e4 e5 2. Nf3 Nc6 3. Bb5 a6 4. Ba4 Nf6 5. O-O Be7 6. Re1 b5 7. Bb3 O-O 8. c3 d6 9. h3 a5 10. a4 b4
1958 Portoroz Interzonal – Round 14 – Fischer, Robert J – 1-0 – Sherwin, James T – G133 1. e4 e5 2. Nf3 Nc6 3. Bb5 a6 4. Ba4 Nf6 5. O-O Be7 6. Re1 b5 7. Bb3 d6 8. c3 O-O 9. h3 a5 10. d3 Bb7
1959 Dresden – Round 1 – Pietzsch, Wolfgang – 1-0 – Witkowski, Stefan – G15 1. e4 e5 2. Nf3 Nc6 3. Bb5 a6 4. Ba4 Nf6 5. O-O Be7 6. Re1 b5 7. Bb3 O-O 8. c3 d6 9. h3 a5 10. d3 a4
1959 Dresden – Round 12 – Szabo, Janos – 1-0 – Witkowski, Stefan – G89 1. e4 e5 2. Nf3 Nc6 3. Bb5 a6 4. Ba4 Nf6 5. O-O Be7 6. Re1 b5 7. Bb3 O-O 8. c3 d6 9. h3 a5 10. a4 b4
1960 Hamburg WGER-USSR – Round 4 – Darga, Klaus – 1/2-1/2 – Keres, Paul Petrovich – G10 1. e4 e5 2. Nf3 Nc6 3. Bb5 a6 4. Ba4 Nf6 5. O-O Be7 6. Re1 b5 7. Bb3 O-O 8. c3 d6 9. h3 a5 10. a4 b4
1960 Leipzig olm prel – Round 9 – Vukcevich, Milan – 1-0 – Persitz, Raaphi – G38 1. e4 e5 2. Nf3 Nc6 3. Bb5 a6 4. Ba4 Nf6 5. O-O Be7 6. Re1 b5 7. Bb3 d6 8. c3 O-O 9. h3 a5 10. d3 Bb7
1960 Madrid zt – Round 14 – Attard, Wilfred – 1/2-1/2 – Pietzsch, Wolfgang – G106 1. e4 e5 2. Nf3 Nc6 3. Bb5 a6 4. Ba4 Nf6 5. O-O Be7 6. Re1 b5 7. Bb3 O-O 8. c3 d6 9. h3 a5 10. a4 b4
1961 Bled – Round 13 – Bertok, Mario Jr. – 1/2-1/2 – Keres, Paul Petrovich – G120 1. e4 e5 2. Nf3 Nc6 3. Bb5 a6 4. Ba4 Nf6 5. O-O Be7 6. Re1 b5 7. Bb3 d6 8. c3 O-O 9. h3 a5 10. a4 b4
1961 Stockholm SWE – Round 5 – Johansson, Martin 1979 – 1-0 – Lundin, Erik – G7 1. e4 e5 2. Nf3 Nc6 3. Bb5 a6 4. Ba4 Nf6 5. O-O Be7 6. Re1 b5 7. Bb3 d6 8. c3 O-O 9. h3 a5 10. d4 exd4
1961 URS-ch29 – Round 4 – Spassky, Boris Vasily – 1/2-1/2 – Keres, Paul Petrovich – G3 1. e4 e5 2. Nf3 Nc6 3. Bb5 a6 4. Ba4 Nf6 5. O-O Be7 6. Re1 b5 7. Bb3 d6 8. c3 O-O 9. h3 a5 10. d4 exd4
1962 Olympiad, Varna BUL – Round ? – Raisman – 1/2-1/2 – Domnitz, Zadok – G17 1. e4 e5 2. Nf3 Nc6 3. Bb5 a6 4. Ba4 Nf6 5. O-O Be7 6. Re1 b5 7. Bb3 O-O 8. c3 d6 9. h3 a5 10. d4 a4
1962 Varna – Round 1 – Reissmann, Daniel – 1/2-1/2 – Domnitz, Zadok – G21 1. e4 e5 2. Nf3 Nc6 3. Bb5 a6 4. Ba4 Nf6 5. O-O Be7 6. Re1 b5 7. Bb3 O-O 8. c3 d6 9. h3 a5 10. d4 a4
1963 GDR Ch Aschersleben GER – Round 14 – Hennings, Artur – 1/2-1/2 – Pietzsch, Wolfgang – G76 1. e4 e5 2. Nf3 Nc6 3. Bb5 a6 4. Ba4 Nf6 5. O-O Be7 6. Re1 b5 7. Bb3 d6 8. c3 O-O 9. h3 a5 10. d4 exd4
1964 Bordeaux Open – Round 10 – Bilek, Istvan – 1-0 – Limbos, Paul – G35 1. e4 e5 2. Nf3 Nc6 3. Bb5 a6 4. Ba4 Nf6 5. O-O Be7 6. Re1 b5 7. Bb3 d6 8. c3 O-O 9. h3 a5 10. a4 b4
1964 Capablanca Memorial – Round 16 – Garcia Martinez, Salomon – 0-1 – Wade, Robert G – G162 1. e4 e5 2. Nf3 Nc6 3. Bb5 a6 4. Ba4 Nf6 5. O-O Be7 6. Re1 b5 7. Bb3 O-O 8. c3 d6 9. h3 a5 10. d4 a4
1964 Malaga – Round 8 – Robatsch, Karl – 1-0 – Puig, Pedro – G37 1. e4 e5 2. Nf3 Nc6 3. Bb5 a6 4. Ba4 Nf6 5. O-O Be7 6. Re1 b5 7. Bb3 O-O 8. c3 d6 9. h3 a5 10. d4 exd4
1964 Rubinstein Memorial – Round 1 – Novopashin, Arkady – 1/2-1/2 – Kostro, Jerzy – G5 1. e4 e5 2. Nf3 Nc6 3. Bb5 a6 4. Ba4 Nf6 5. O-O Be7 6. Re1 b5 7. Bb3 d6 8. c3 O-O 9. h3 a5 10. d4 exd4
36. Olympiad 2004 – Round 2 – Kveinys, Aloyzas – 1/2-1/2 – Kaidanov, Gregory – G58 1. e4 e5 2. Nf3 Nc6 3. Bb5 a6 4. Ba4 Nf6 5. O-O Be7 6. Re1 b5 7. Bb3 d6 8. c3 O-O 9. h3 a5 10. a4 b4
Corus A 2009 – Round 5 – Ivanchuk, Vasyl – 1/2-1/2 – Carlsen, Magnus – G32 1. e4 e5 2. Nf3 Nc6 3. Bb5 a6 4. Ba4 Nf6 5. O-O Be7 6. Re1 b5 7. Bb3 O-O 8. c3 d6 9. h3 a5 10. d4 a4
FIDE World Cup 2017 – Round 1.2 – Sethuraman, S.P. – 1-0 – Ponomariov, Ruslan – G110 1. e4 e5 2. Nf3 Nc6 3. Bb5 a6 4. Ba4 Nf6 5. O-O Be7 6. Re1 b5 7. Bb3 O-O 8. c3 d6 9. h3 a5 10. d4 a4
Lindores Abbey Tal Memorial 2021 – Round 10.25 – Morovic Fernandez, Ivan – 0-1 – Esipenko, Andrey – G441 1. e4 e5 2. Nf3 Nc6 3. Bb5 a6 4. Ba4 Nf6 5. O-O Be7 6. Re1 b5 7. Bb3 d6 8. c3 O-O 9. h3 a5 10. d4 Bd7
World Blitz 2023 – Round 8.15 – Kosakowski, Jakub – 1-0 – Esipenko, Andrey – G445 1. e4 e5 2. Nf3 Nc6 3. Bb5 a6 4. Ba4 Nf6 5. O-O Be7 6. Re1 b5 7. Bb3 O-O 8. c3 d6 9. h3 a5 10. d4 a4
World Cup 1988 – Round 1 – Ehlvest, Jaan – 1-0 – Nikolic, Predrag – G77 1. e4 e5 2. Nf3 Nc6 3. Bb5 a6 4. Ba4 Nf6 5. O-O Be7 6. Re1 b5 7. Bb3 O-O 8. c3 d6 9. h3 a5 10. d3 a4

C92b — Closed, Keres Variation (1935)

1.e4 e5 2.Nf3 Nc6 3.Bb5 a6 4.Ba4 Nf6 5.O-O Be7 6.Re1 b5 7.Bb3 O-O 8.c3 d6 9.h3 a5

Les coups candidats

10.d4 — 50.3% (257 parties)

Ambassadeurs : Romanishin, Oleg M (10x), Zaitsev, Igor A (5x), Keres, Paul Petrovich (4x), Kvisla, Johannes Luangtep (4x), Semcesen, Daniel (4x), Aleksandrov, Viktor A. (4x), Estrin, Yakov (3x), Smyslov, Vasily (3x)

10.a4 — 31.1% (159 parties)

Ambassadeurs : Kotan, Ladislav (9x), Zaitsev, Igor A (5x), Blatny, Pavel (4x), Kupreichik, Viktor D (3x), Aleksandrov, Viktor A. (3x), Pietzsch, Wolfgang (2x), Isaksson, Sten (2x), Keres, Paul Petrovich (2x)

10.d3 — 14.9% (76 parties)

Ambassadeurs : Smagin, Sergey (3x), Payen, Arnaud (3x), Zaitsev, Igor A (3x), Fischer, Robert J (2x), Sherwin, James T (2x), Kupreichik, Viktor D (2x), Wolff, Patrick G (2x), Shchekachev, Andrei (2x)

10.a3 — 3.1% (16 parties)

Ambassadeurs : Hansen, Lars Bo (2x), Justin, Matjaz (1x), Lazovic, Gordan (1x), Kwiatkowski, Feliks J (1x), Lane, Gary W (1x), ? (1x), Tyni, Jukka-Pekka (1x), Giaccio, Alfredo (1x)

Analyse statistique des coups candidats

Répartition par niveau Elo (% des parties)

Tranche Elo	N parties	10.d4	10.a4	10.d3	10.a3
<1800	13	54%	46%	—	—
1800-2200	88	51%	34%	11%	2%
2200-2600	323	48%	31%	16%	4%
2600+	14	79%	14%	7%	—

Évolution par décennie (% des parties)

Décennie	N parties	10.d4	10.a4	10.d3	10.a3
1950s	32	41%	34%	25%	—
1960s	21	57%	29%	14%	—
1970s	7	86%	14%	—	—
1980s	24	38%	33%	29%	—
1990s	81	41%	33%	20%	5%
2000s	127	44%	31%	21%	3%
2010s	159	57%	30%	8%	4%
2020s	60	62%	32%	5%	2%

Tendances récentes (2010s → 2020s)

Coup	2010s	2020s	Δ
10.d4	57%	62%	▲ +4.4%
10.a4	30%	32%	▲ +1.5%
10.d3	8%	5%	▼ -2.5%
10.a3	4%	2%	▼ -2.7%

Joueurs célèbres

Champions du monde dans cette position

Carlsen, Magnus — 1 partie

Parties historiques

10.d4 — 50.3% (257 parties)

1952 — Kotov, Alexander vs Estrin, Yakov — 1/2-1/2 — Moscow RUS
1952 — Oddy, W. vs Fuller, Jack — 0-1 — England
1955 — Abanin, Vladimir vs Keres, Paul — 1/2-1/2 — Moskou ch-URS
1955 — Ravinsky, Grigory vs Estrin, Yakov — 1-0 — Moscow RUS
1955 — Unzicker, Ferdinand, Dr. vs Keres, Paul Petrovich — 0-1 — Goteborg SWE

10.a4 — 31.1% (159 parties)

1950 — Castillo Bermudez, Manuel vs Bolbochan, Jacobo — 1/2-1/2 — Mar del Plata ARG
1950 — Bunyola Oliver, Pedro Antonio vs Barden, Leonard — 1-0 — West London CC
1951 — Gilg, Karl vs Stein, Georg — 1-0 — Duesseldorf GER
1954 — Livshin, Iosif vs Bannik, Anatolij — 1/2-1/2 — Kiev ch-URS
1955 — Puc, Stojan vs Witkowski, Stefan — 1-0 — Ljubljana

10.d3 — 14.9% (76 parties)

1954 — Vasiukov, Evgeni vs Suetin, Alexey S — 1-0 — Riga LAT
1955 — Djurasevic, Bozidar vs Talevski, Mihajlo — 1/2-1/2 — Novi Sad SRB
1956 — Borsony, Valt vs Kaliwoda, Kurt — 1-0 — ICCF
1956 — Siaperas, Triantafyllos vs Benkner, Otto — 1/2-1/2 — Moskou olm
1958 — Van Perlo, Gerardus C vs Perfors, Barthold — 0-1 — NLD-KNSB

10.a3 — 3.1% (16 parties)

1990 — ? vs Tyni, Jukka-Pekka — 1/2-1/2 — FIN-ch Helsinki FIN
1994 — Kwiatkowski, Feliks J vs Lane, Gary W — 0-1 — Londen open
1998 — Justin, Matjaz vs Lazovic, Gordan — 1/2-1/2 — Sk.Loka SLO/chTz1
1998 — Giaccio, Alfredo vs Slipak, Sergio — 1/2-1/2 — Villa Gisell
2000 — De Firmian, Nick vs Hansen, Lars Bo — 1/2-1/2 — Esbjerg DEN

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