C91a — Spanish: Closed, 9.d4

1.e4 e5 2.Nf3 Nc6 3.Bb5 a6 4.Ba4 Nf6 5.O-O Be7 6.Re1 b5 7.Bb3 O-O 8.c3 d6 9.d4 ● Trait aux Noirs

Ouverture — Centre fermé

♔ Point de vue Blancs

8 7 6 5 4 3 2 1

abcdefgh

Atouts. Les Blancs s'appuient sur les cases fortes d5 et g5, un fou actif en b3 et la paire de fous.

Côté adverse. Les fous enfermés en e7 et c8.

En contrepartie. Plusieurs pièces dorment encore (le cavalier b1, le fou c1 et la tour a1).

Plans. Nc3 (Développer Nb1) ; Bg5 (Clouer Nf6) ; h3 (Empêcher ...Bg4) ; Bc2 (Anticiper ...Na5).

♚ Point de vue Noirs

1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8

hgfedcba

Atouts. Les Noirs s'appuient sur la case forte g4 et la paire de fous.

Côté adverse. Le fou enfermé en c1.

En contrepartie. Plusieurs pièces dorment encore (le fou c8 et la tour a8).

Plans. ...Bg4 (Développer Bc8, clouer Nf3) ; ...Na5 (Attaquer Bb3) ; ...d5 (Rupture).

Avantages

Faiblesses adverses

Diagonale active

Plans

Structure de pions

	♔ Blancs	♚ Noirs
Pions doublés	—	—
Pions isolés	—	—
Arriérés	—	—
Chaînes	● b2→c3, c3→d4	● a6→b5, d6→e5, c7→d6
Passés	—	—
Majorité	—	—

Cases

	♔ Blancs	♚ Noirs
Cases fortes	● d5 (2v1), ● g5 (2v0)	● g4 (2v0)
Cases faibles	—	—
Centre	● d4 (3v2), ● d5 (2v1)	—

Colonnes et diagonales

♔ Blancs

♚ Noirs

Pièces

	♔ Blancs	♚ Noirs
Bc1	● Bc1 Non développé (mob. 5)
Bb3	● Bb3 Actif (mob. 6)
Be7		● Be7 Enfermé (mob. 0)
Bc8		● Bc8 Non développé (mob. 6)
Paire de fous	● Oui	● Oui
Clouages	—	● pawn f7
Non développées	3 (b1, c1, a1)	2 (c8, a8)

Sécurité du roi

	♔ Blancs	♚ Noirs
Statut	● Roqué	● Roqué
Droits de roque	—	—

Thèmes

	♔ Blancs	♚ Noirs
Phase	Ouverture
Centre	fermé
Ruptures	● c3-c4, ● d4-d5	● …d6-d5

Partie
1905 Ostende – Round 13 – Teichmann, Radek – 1/2-1/2 – D Marco, Gianni – G41 1. e4 e5 2. Nf3 Nc6 3. Bb5 a6 4. Ba4 Nf6 5. O-O d6 6. Re1 Be7 7. c3 O-O 8. d4 b5 9. Bb3 Bd7 10. Nbd2 Ne8
1910 Buenos Aires sim – Round ? – Lasker, Emanuel – 1/2-1/2 – Nollmann, Jorge – G9 1. e4 e5 2. Nf3 Nc6 3. Bb5 a6 4. Ba4 Nf6 5. O-O d6 6. Re1 Be7 7. c3 O-O 8. d4 b5 9. Bb3 Na5 10. Bc2 Bg4
1922 London – Round 4 – Yates, Frederic D – 1-0 – Bogoljubow, Efim – G9 1. e4 e5 2. Nf3 Nc6 3. Bb5 a6 4. Ba4 Nf6 5. O-O Be7 6. Re1 b5 7. Bb3 d6 8. c3 O-O 9. d4 exd4 10. cxd4 Bg4
1922 London ENG – Round ? – Capablanca, Jose – 1-0 – Bogoljubow, Efim – G11 1. e4 e5 2. Nf3 Nc6 3. Bb5 a6 4. Ba4 Nf6 5. O-O Be7 6. Re1 b5 7. Bb3 d6 8. c3 O-O 9. d4 exd4 10. cxd4 Bg4
1923 Trieste – Round 11 – Yates, Frederic D – 1-0 – Asztalos, Lajos – G51 1. e4 e5 2. Nf3 Nc6 3. Bb5 a6 4. Ba4 Nf6 5. O-O Be7 6. Re1 b5 7. Bb3 d6 8. c3 O-O 9. d4 exd4 10. cxd4 Bg4
1924 NED-ch05 – Round 2 – Olland, Adolf George – 1/2-1/2 – Euwe, Max – G1 1. e4 e5 2. Nf3 Nc6 3. Bb5 a6 4. Ba4 Nf6 5. O-O Be7 6. Re1 b5 7. Bb3 d6 8. c3 O-O 9. d4 exd4 10. cxd4 Bg4
1926 Birmingham – Round 4 – Price, Hubert E – 1-0 – Znosko-Borovsky, Eugene – G8 1. e4 e5 2. Nf3 Nc6 3. Bb5 a6 4. Ba4 Nf6 5. O-O Be7 6. Re1 b5 7. Bb3 O-O 8. c3 d6 9. d4 exd4 10. cxd4 Bg4
1926 USA sim – Round ? – Lasker, Emanuel – 0-1 – Croney, TM. – G15 1. e4 e5 2. Nf3 Nc6 3. Bb5 Nf6 4. O-O d6 5. Re1 a6 6. Ba4 b5 7. Bb3 Be7 8. c3 O-O 9. d4 exd4 10. cxd4 Bg4
1928 Haag olm – Round ? – Rivier, William – 1-0 – Stoltz, Gösta – G23 1. e4 e5 2. Nf3 Nc6 3. Bb5 a6 4. Ba4 Nf6 5. O-O Be7 6. Re1 b5 7. Bb3 d6 8. c3 O-O 9. d4 exd4 10. Nxd4 Nxd4
1930 Frankfurt – Round 7 – Ahues, Carl – 1-0 – Mannheimer, Nathan – G38 1. e4 e5 2. Nf3 Nc6 3. Bb5 a6 4. Ba4 Nf6 5. O-O Be7 6. d4 O-O 7. c3 d6 8. Re1 b5 9. Bb3 Rb8 10. h3 Nd7
1941 Trencianske Teplice – Round 1 – Potucek, Ludovit – 1-0 – Opocensky, Karel – G4 1. e4 e5 2. Nf3 Nc6 3. Bb5 a6 4. Ba4 Nf6 5. O-O Be7 6. Re1 b5 7. Bb3 d6 8. c3 O-O 9. d4 exd4 10. cxd4 Bg4
1946 ARG-ESP radio m – Round 1 – Medina-Garcia, Antonio – 1-0 – Rossetto, Hector – G3 1. e4 e5 2. Nf3 Nc6 3. Bb5 a6 4. Ba4 Nf6 5. O-O d6 6. c3 Be7 7. d4 O-O 8. Re1 b5 9. Bb3 Na5 10. Bc2 Bg4
1946 Bad Harzburg – Round 1 – Torber, Claus – 0-1 – Ahues, Carl – G21 1. e4 e5 2. Nf3 Nc6 3. Bb5 a6 4. Ba4 Nf6 5. O-O Be7 6. Re1 b5 7. Bb3 d6 8. c3 O-O 9. d4 exd4 10. Nxd4 Bb7
1946 Leningrad-Prague – Round 2 – Rovner, Dmitry – 1/2-1/2 – Rohacek, Ivan – G14 1. e4 e5 2. Nf3 Nc6 3. Bb5 a6 4. Ba4 Nf6 5. O-O Be7 6. Re1 b5 7. Bb3 O-O 8. d4 d6 9. c3 exd4 10. cxd4 d5
1952 Hungary Ch – Round 17 – Szily, Jozsef – 1-0 – Negyesy, Gyorgy – G104 1. e4 e5 2. Nf3 Nc6 3. Bb5 a6 4. Ba4 Nf6 5. O-O Be7 6. Re1 b5 7. Bb3 O-O 8. d4 d6 9. c3 exd4 10. cxd4 Bg4
1955 CSR Ch – Round 9 – Florian, Jaromir – 1/2-1/2 – Ivanco, Imrich – G71 1. e4 e5 2. Nf3 Nc6 3. Bb5 a6 4. Ba4 Nf6 5. O-O Be7 6. Re1 b5 7. Bb3 O-O 8. d4 d6 9. c3 exd4 10. cxd4 Bg4
1956 URS Ch sf – Round ? – Rovner, Dmitry – 0-1 – Novotelnov, Nikolai – G110 1. e4 e5 2. Nf3 Nc6 3. Bb5 a6 4. Ba4 Nf6 5. O-O Be7 6. Re1 b5 7. Bb3 d6 8. c3 O-O 9. d4 Nd7 10. Nbd2 Bf6
1959 Buenos Aires VC – Round 11 – Acosta Garcia, Rafael Isaac – 1-0 – Tanner, Philippe – G39 1. Nf3 Nc6 2. e4 e5 3. Bb5 a6 4. Ba4 Nf6 5. O-O b5 6. Bb3 Be7 7. Re1 O-O 8. d4 d6 9. c3 exd4 10. cxd4 Bg4
1959 BUL Ch – Round 1 – Karastoichev, Emil – 0-1 – Kostov, Petko – G1 1. e4 e5 2. Nf3 Nc6 3. Bb5 a6 4. Ba4 Nf6 5. O-O b5 6. Bb3 Be7 7. Re1 O-O 8. d4 d6 9. c3 Bb7 10. Nbd2 Nd7
1959 York ch-BCF – Round 1 – Littlewood, John E – 1-0 – Hilton, CG. – G18 1. e4 e5 2. Nf3 Nc6 3. Bb5 a6 4. Ba4 Nf6 5. O-O Be7 6. Re1 b5 7. Bb3 O-O 8. d4 d6 9. c3 Nd7 10. Nbd2 Bf6
1962 Varna olm – Round 9 – Zwaig, Arne – 0-1 – Ali, Farooq – G411 1. e4 e5 2. Nf3 Nc6 3. Bb5 a6 4. Ba4 Nf6 5. O-O b5 6. Bb3 Be7 7. Re1 d6 8. c3 O-O 9. d4 exd4 10. cxd4 Bg4
1963 Buenos Aires ch-ARG – Round 10 – Schweber, Samuel – 1-0 – Alcaraz Suarez, Juan Camilo – G57 1. e4 e5 2. Nf3 Nc6 3. Bb5 a6 4. Ba4 Nf6 5. O-O Be7 6. Re1 b5 7. Bb3 d6 8. c3 O-O 9. d4 Nd7 10. Nbd2 Bf6
1963 Fortaleza zt – Round 8 – Garcia Rodriguez, Raimundo – 1-0 – Mendivil Salinas, Ismael – G43 1. e4 e5 2. Nf3 Nc6 3. Bb5 a6 4. Ba4 Nf6 5. O-O Be7 6. Re1 b5 7. Bb3 d6 8. c3 O-O 9. d4 Na5 10. dxe5 dxe5
1964 Bordeaux Open Bordeaux FRA – Round 9 – Mazzoni, Guy – 1-0 – Chaude de Silans, Chantal – G62 1. e4 e5 2. Nf3 Nc6 3. Bb5 a6 4. Ba4 Nf6 5. O-O Be7 6. Re1 b5 7. Bb3 O-O 8. d4 d6 9. c3 Bb7 10. Nbd2 Nd7
1964 Kecskemet zt – Round 1 – Gheorghiu, Florin – 1/2-1/2 – Prameshuber, Alexander – G70 1. e4 e5 2. Nf3 Nc6 3. Bb5 a6 4. Ba4 Nf6 5. O-O Be7 6. Re1 b5 7. Bb3 O-O 8. d4 d6 9. c3 exd4 10. Nxd4 Na5
1965 DDR Ch 15th – Round 11 – Schoeneberg, Manfred – 1/2-1/2 – Zinn, Lothar – G50 1. e4 e5 2. Nf3 Nc6 3. Bb5 a6 4. Ba4 Nf6 5. O-O Be7 6. Re1 b5 7. Bb3 O-O 8. d4 d6 9. c3 exd4 10. cxd4 Bg4
1965 It Zinnowitz GER – Round 9 – Hennings, Artur – 0-1 – Lein, Anatoly – G22 1. e4 e5 2. Nf3 Nc6 3. Bb5 a6 4. Ba4 Nf6 5. O-O Be7 6. d4 b5 7. Bb3 d6 8. c3 O-O 9. Re1 h6 10. d5 Na5
1968 Cardenas/Matanzas/Santa Clara – Round 5 – Garcia Martinez, Silvino – 1-0 – Letelier Martner, Rene – G27 1. e4 e5 2. Nf3 Nc6 3. Bb5 a6 4. Ba4 Nf6 5. O-O b5 6. Bb3 Be7 7. Re1 O-O 8. d4 d6 9. c3 Bb7 10. Nbd2 h6
1968 Clare Benedict Cup 15th – Round 3 – Seuss, Oswald – 0-1 – Basman, Michael J – G17 1. e4 e5 2. Nf3 Nc6 3. Bb5 a6 4. Ba4 Nf6 5. O-O Be7 6. Re1 b5 7. Bb3 d6 8. c3 O-O 9. d4 Bb7 10. Nbd2 exd4
1969 Stary Smokovec – Round 1 – Lehmann, Heinz – 1/2-1/2 – Jankovec, Ivan – G2 1. e4 e5 2. Nf3 Nc6 3. Bb5 a6 4. Ba4 Nf6 5. O-O Be7 6. Re1 b5 7. Bb3 d6 8. c3 O-O 9. d4 exd4 10. cxd4 Bg4

C91a — Spanish: Closed

1.e4 e5 2.Nf3 Nc6 3.Bb5 a6 4.Ba4 Nf6 5.O-O Be7 6.Re1 b5 7.Bb3 O-O 8.c3 d6 9.d4

Eval: [+0.16]

Les coups candidats

9…Bg4 — 89.6% (9608 parties) →

Ambassadeurs : Van Riemsdijk, Herman C. (75x), Hebden, Mark L (52x), De Coverly, Roger D (45x), Romanishin, Oleg M (29x), Nijboer, Friso (28x), Beliavsky, Alexander G (25x), Van der Wiel, John T.H. (23x), Tseshkovsky, Vitaly (22x)

9…exd4 — 3.4% (362 parties)

Ambassadeurs : Yates, Frederic D (3x), Bogoljubow, Efim (3x), Asztalos, Lajos (2x), Lasker, Emanuel (2x), Capablanca, Jose (2x), Howell, James C (2x), Harandi, Khosro (2x), Fucek, Claudio (2x)

9…Bb7 — 3.3% (357 parties)

Ambassadeurs : Mahmood Lodhi (6x), Hansen, Berno (4x), Bernard, Ryszard (3x), Lauk, Ular (3x), Pena, Alfredo (3x), Fedoseev, Vladimir (3x), Trois, Francisco R.T. (2x), Lorenz, Oda (2x)

9…Re8 — 1.3% (143 parties)

Ambassadeurs : Lefebr, Vladislav (5x), Poranen, Timo (3x), Maaki, Franti (3x), Akst, Ilia (3x), Turgut, Tansel (3x), Loncarevic, Robert (3x), Blit, Jacques (3x), Ginzburg, Maximiliano (3x)

Analyse statistique des coups candidats

Répartition par niveau Elo (% des parties)

Tranche Elo	N parties	9…Bg4	9…exd4	9…Bb7	9…Re8
<1800	275	75%	9%	9%	2%
1800-2200	2688	86%	4%	4%	2%
2200-2600	5056	93%	2%	2%	1%
2600+	325	98%	1%	1%	—

Évolution par décennie (% des parties)

Décennie	N parties	9…Bg4	9…exd4	9…Bb7	9…Re8
1880s	1	100%	—	—	—
1890s	3	67%	—	33%	—
1900s	8	62%	—	12%	—
1910s	13	69%	—	15%	—
1920s	56	73%	25%	2%	—
1930s	24	88%	8%	—	—
1940s	85	92%	6%	1%	—
1950s	159	92%	3%	1%	1%
1960s	347	94%	2%	1%	0%
1970s	577	93%	2%	2%	0%
1980s	800	94%	1%	3%	1%
1990s	1266	87%	3%	5%	2%
2000s	2947	88%	4%	4%	2%
2010s	3865	91%	3%	3%	1%
2020s	575	88%	4%	3%	2%

Tendances récentes (2010s → 2020s)

Coup	2010s	2020s	Δ
9…Bg4	91%	88%	▼ -2.7%
9…exd4	3%	4%	▲ +0.8%
9…Bb7	3%	3%	+0.4%
9…Re8	1%	2%	▲ +1.3%

Joueurs célèbres

Champions du monde dans cette position

Tal, Mikhail — 10 parties
Carlsen, Magnus — 10 parties
Euwe, Max — 8 parties
Ding, Liren — 6 parties
Alekhine, Alexander — 5 parties
Lasker, Emanuel — 4 parties
Smyslov, Vladimir — 4 parties
Karpov, Aleksandr — 4 parties
Anand, Viswanathan — 3 parties
Karpov, Anatoly — 3 parties
Kasparov, Garry — 3 parties
Hou, Yifan — 2 parties
Botvinnik, Mikhail — 1 partie
Kramnik, Vladimir — 1 partie

Parties historiques

9…Bg4 — 89.6% (9608 parties)

1889 — Judd, Max vs Baird, John — 1-0 — New York, NY USA
1897 — D Marco, Gianni vs Englisch, Berthold — 1/2-1/2 — Berlin GER
1897 — Suechting, Hugo vs Englisch, Berthold — 1/2-1/2 — Berlin GER
1901 — Olland, Adolf George vs Loman, Rudolf — 1/2-1/2 — Haarlem NED
1904 — Michell, Reginald vs Tattersall, Creassey Edw Cecil — 1-0 — Hastings ENG

9…exd4 — 3.4% (362 parties)

1922 — Simmons William vs Steele, Charles — 1-0 — Melbourne AUS
1922 — Yates, Frederic D vs Bogoljubow, Efim — 1-0 — London ENG
1922 — Capablanca, Jose vs Bogoljubow, Efim — 1-0 — London ENG
1923 — Sapira, Emmanuel vs Horowitz, H. — 1-0 — Ghent
1923 — Yates, Frederic D vs Asztalos, Lajos — 1-0 — ?

9…Bb7 — 3.3% (357 parties)

1899 — Softlaw, Harold Goodlake vs Ellis, Gerald Edward H — 1-0 — British CC
1906 — Maroczy, Geza vs Smith, Magnus — 1-0 — Winnipeg CAN
1911 — Von Balla, Zoltan vs Brody, Miklos — 1-0 — Budapest HUN
1916 — Whitaker, Norman vs Showalter, Jackson — 0-1 — Georgetown
1928 — Price, Edith Charlotte vs Hooke, Alice Elizabeth — 1-0 — Tenby

9…Re8 — 1.3% (143 parties)

1958 — Westerinen, Heikki M.J. vs Maki Uuro, Miika — 1/2-1/2 — Mantta FIN
1969 — Parma, Bruno vs Stupica, Janez — 1/2-1/2 — JUG-24ch Novi Travnik
1972 — Ciric, Dragoljub M vs Mujagic, Ramo — 1/2-1/2 — Novi Sad SRB
1987 — Werner, Clemens vs Sonntag, Hans-Hubert — 1/2-1/2 — BL
1987 — Werner, Clemens vs Sonntag, Hans-Hubert — 1/2-1/2 — BL

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