C90d — Spanish: Closed, 8…d6 9.a4

1.e4 e5 2.Nf3 Nc6 3.Bb5 a6 4.Ba4 Nf6 5.O-O Be7 6.Re1 b5 7.Bb3 O-O 8.c3 d6 9.a4 * ● Trait aux Noirs

Ouverture — Centre fermé

♔ Point de vue Blancs

8 7 6 5 4 3 2 1

abcdefgh

Atouts. Les Blancs s'appuient sur la case forte d5, un fou actif en b3 et la paire de fous.

Côté adverse. Les fous enfermés en e7 et c8.

En contrepartie. Plusieurs pièces dorment encore (le cavalier b1, le fou c1 et la tour a1).

Plans. Nc3 (Développer Nb1) ; d3 (Libérer Bc1) ; h3 (Empêcher ...Bg4) ; Bc2 (Anticiper ...Na5).

♚ Point de vue Noirs

1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8

hgfedcba

Atouts. Les Noirs s'appuient sur la case forte g4 et la paire de fous.

Côté adverse. Le fou enfermé en c1.

En contrepartie. Plusieurs pièces dorment encore (le fou c8 et la tour a8).

Plans. ...Bg4 (Développer Bc8, clouer Nf3) ; ...Na5 (Attaquer Bb3) ; ...d5 (Rupture).

Avantages

Faiblesses adverses

Diagonale active

Plans

Structure de pions

	♔ Blancs	♚ Noirs
Pions doublés	—	—
Pions isolés	—	—
Arriérés	—	—
Chaînes	● b2→c3, d2→c3	● a6→b5, d6→e5, c7→d6
Passés	—	—
Majorité	—	—

Cases

	♔ Blancs	♚ Noirs
Cases fortes	● d5 (2v1)	● g4 (2v0)
Cases faibles	—	—
Centre	● d5 (2v1)	● e5 (2v1)

Colonnes et diagonales

♔ Blancs

♚ Noirs

Pièces

	♔ Blancs	♚ Noirs
Bc1	● Bc1 Non développé (mob. 0)
Bb3	● Bb3 Actif (mob. 6)
Be7		● Be7 Enfermé (mob. 0)
Bc8		● Bc8 Non développé (mob. 6)
Paire de fous	● Oui	● Oui
Clouages	—	● pawn f7
Non développées	3 (b1, c1, a1)	2 (c8, a8)

Sécurité du roi

	♔ Blancs	♚ Noirs
Statut	● Roqué	● Roqué
Droits de roque	—	—

Thèmes

	♔ Blancs	♚ Noirs
Phase	Ouverture
Centre	fermé
Ruptures	● c3-c4, ● d2-d3	● …d6-d5

Partie
1906 BCF Ch 3rd – Round 11 – Michell, Reginald – 0-1 – Atkins, Henry Ernest – G17 1. e4 e5 2. Nf3 Nc6 3. Bb5 a6 4. Ba4 Nf6 5. O-O Be7 6. Re1 b5 7. Bb3 d6 8. c3 O-O 9. a4 Rb8 10. axb5 axb5
1913 New York National – Round 1 – Whitaker, Norman – 1/2-1/2 – Kline, Harry – G4 1. e4 e5 2. Nf3 Nc6 3. Bb5 a6 4. Ba4 Nf6 5. O-O b5 6. Bb3 Be7 7. Re1 O-O 8. c3 d6 9. a4 Rb8 10. axb5 axb5
1927 Moskou ch-URS – Round 5 – Romanovsky, Pjotr – 0-1 – Rabinovich, Ilya Mar – G14 1. e4 e5 2. Nf3 Nc6 3. Bb5 a6 4. Ba4 Nf6 5. O-O Be7 6. Re1 b5 7. Bb3 d6 8. c3 O-O 9. a4 b4 10. Bd5 Bb7
1939 Leningrad/Moscow – Round 3 – Ragozin, Viacheslav – 1-0 – Keres, Paul – G24 1. e4 e5 2. Nf3 Nc6 3. Bb5 a6 4. Ba4 Nf6 5. O-O b5 6. Bb3 Be7 7. Re1 d6 8. c3 O-O 9. a4 b4 10. d4 exd4
1939 Leningrad/Moscow – Round 9 – Levenfish, Grigory – 0-1 – Keres, Paul – G70 1. e4 e5 2. Nf3 Nc6 3. Bb5 a6 4. Ba4 Nf6 5. O-O Be7 6. Re1 b5 7. Bb3 d6 8. c3 O-O 9. a4 b4 10. d4 exd4
1946 Corr – Round ? – Johansson, Martin 1979 – 1-0 – Iversen, Arne – G10 1. e4 e5 2. Nf3 Nc6 3. Bb5 a6 4. Ba4 Nf6 5. O-O Be7 6. Re1 b5 7. Bb3 d6 8. c3 O-O 9. a4 b4 10. d4 bxc3
1946 Moscow Ch – Round 1 – Bonch-Osmolovsky, Mikhail – 0-1 – Alatortsev, Vladimir N. – G35 1. e4 e5 2. Nf3 Nc6 3. Bb5 a6 4. Ba4 Nf6 5. O-O Be7 6. Re1 b5 7. Bb3 d6 8. c3 O-O 9. a4 b4 10. a5 Rb8
1947 Mar del Plata – Round 2 – Pilnik, Herman – 1-0 – Pizzi Possi, Tulio – G22 1. e4 e5 2. Nf3 Nc6 3. Bb5 a6 4. Ba4 Nf6 5. O-O Be7 6. Re1 b5 7. Bb3 d6 8. c3 O-O 9. a4 b4 10. h3 bxc3
1948 Mar del Plata – Round 16 – Michel, Pascal – 0-1 – Bolbochan, J. – G135 1. e4 e5 2. Nf3 Nc6 3. Bb5 a6 4. Ba4 Nf6 5. O-O Be7 6. Re1 b5 7. Bb3 d6 8. c3 O-O 9. a4 b4 10. d4 bxc3
1955 CSR Ch – Round 5 – Vesely, Jiri – 1-0 – Dolezal, Jiri – G38 1. e4 e5 2. Nf3 Nc6 3. Bb5 a6 4. Ba4 Nf6 5. O-O Be7 6. Re1 b5 7. Bb3 d6 8. c3 O-O 9. a4 b4 10. d4 exd4
1955 CSR Ch – Round 7 – Vesely, Jiri – 0-1 – Ivanco, Imrich – G55 1. e4 e5 2. Nf3 Nc6 3. Bb5 a6 4. Ba4 Nf6 5. O-O Be7 6. Re1 b5 7. Bb3 O-O 8. c3 d6 9. a4 Bb7 10. d4 Nd7
1955 CSR Ch – Round 9 – Vesely, Jiri – 0-1 – Ujtelky, Maximilian – G70 1. e4 e5 2. Nf3 Nc6 3. Bb5 a6 4. Ba4 Nf6 5. O-O Be7 6. Re1 b5 7. Bb3 O-O 8. c3 d6 9. a4 b4 10. d4 exd4
1955 EU-Cup Gr3 – Round 6.1 – Darga, Klaus – 1/2-1/2 – Doerner, Charles – G15 1. e4 e5 2. Nf3 Nc6 3. Bb5 a6 4. Ba4 Nf6 5. O-O Be7 6. Re1 b5 7. Bb3 d6 8. c3 O-O 9. a4 Rb8 10. axb5 axb5
1955 Moskou ch-URS – Round 1 – Keres, Paul – 0-1 – Smyslov, Vladimir – G92 1. e4 e5 2. Nf3 Nc6 3. Bb5 a6 4. Ba4 Nf6 5. O-O Be7 6. Re1 b5 7. Bb3 d6 8. c3 O-O 9. a4 b4 10. d4 bxc3
1957 Leningrad Ch – Round 6 – Tolush, Alexander V – 1/2-1/2 – Zhukhovitsky, Samuel – G47 1. e4 e5 2. Nf3 Nc6 3. Bb5 a6 4. Ba4 Nf6 5. O-O Be7 6. Re1 b5 7. Bb3 d6 8. c3 O-O 9. a4 b4 10. d4 Rb8
1958 Riga ch-URS – Round 1 – Tolush, Alexander – 1-0 – Furman, Slavomir – G83 1. e4 e5 2. Nf3 Nc6 3. Bb5 a6 4. Ba4 Nf6 5. O-O Be7 6. Re1 b5 7. Bb3 d6 8. c3 O-O 9. a4 b4 10. d4 bxc3
1960 Moscow CCCT – Round 11 – Puc, Stojan – 1/2-1/2 – Smyslov, Vladimir – G62 1. e4 e5 2. Nf3 Nc6 3. Bb5 a6 4. Ba4 Nf6 5. O-O Be7 6. Re1 b5 7. Bb3 O-O 8. c3 d6 9. a4 b4 10. a5 Rb8
1960 URU Ch – Round ? – Afonso Martin, Lucas – 0-1 – Alvarez del Monte, Jose – G25 1. e4 e5 2. Nf3 Nc6 3. Bb5 a6 4. Ba4 Nf6 5. O-O Be7 6. Re1 b5 7. Bb3 d6 8. c3 O-O 9. a4 Na5 10. axb5 axb5
1961 Belgrade – Round 1 – Bertok, Mario Jr. – 1-0 – Averbach, Y. – G26 1. e4 e5 2. Nf3 Nc6 3. Bb5 a6 4. Ba4 Nf6 5. O-O Be7 6. Re1 b5 7. Bb3 O-O 8. c3 d6 9. a4 b4 10. a5 Bb7
1961 CHI Ch – Round 10 – Ader Hausman, Walter – 1-0 – Fernandez, Eduardo – G25 1. e4 e5 2. Nf3 Nc6 3. Bb5 a6 4. Ba4 Nf6 5. O-O Be7 6. Re1 b5 7. Bb3 d6 8. c3 O-O 9. a4 b4 10. a5 Rb8
1961 Zagreb – Round 9 – Bertok, Mario Jr. – 1-0 – Vospernik, Mira – G84 1. e4 e5 2. Nf3 Nc6 3. Bb5 a6 4. Ba4 Nf6 5. O-O b5 6. Bb3 Be7 7. Re1 d6 8. c3 O-O 9. a4 Bd7 10. d4 exd4
1962 Marianske Lazne – Round 7 – Jansa, Vlastimil – 1-0 – Kluger, Gyula – G48 1. e4 e5 2. Nf3 Nc6 3. Bb5 a6 4. Ba4 Nf6 5. O-O Be7 6. Re1 b5 7. Bb3 d6 8. c3 O-O 9. a4 b4 10. d4 bxc3
1962 Sofia – Round 8 – Bertok, Mario Jr. – 1/2-1/2 – Kluger, Gyula – G49 1. e4 e5 2. Nf3 Nc6 3. Bb5 a6 4. Ba4 Nf6 5. O-O Be7 6. Re1 b5 7. Bb3 d6 8. c3 O-O 9. a4 b4 10. a5 Rb8
1962 Whitby ch-BCF – Round 1 – Littlewood, John E – 1/2-1/2 – Haygarth, Michael J – G23 1. e4 e5 2. Nf3 Nc6 3. Bb5 a6 4. Ba4 Nf6 5. O-O Be7 6. Re1 b5 7. Bb3 d6 8. c3 O-O 9. a4 Na5 10. Bc2 Bb7
1963 CSR Ch – Round 9 – Pachman, Ludek – 1/2-1/2 – Kozma, Julius – G82 1. e4 e5 2. Nf3 Nc6 3. Bb5 a6 4. Ba4 Nf6 5. O-O Be7 6. Re1 b5 7. Bb3 d6 8. c3 O-O 9. a4 Bb7 10. d4 exd4
1963 Sweden – Round 7 – Bergman Olsson, Eleonora – 1/2-1/2 – Skold, Kristian – G9 1. e4 e5 2. Nf3 Nc6 3. Bb5 a6 4. Ba4 Nf6 5. O-O Be7 6. Re1 b5 7. Bb3 O-O 8. c3 d6 9. a4 Bb7 10. d4 Nd7
1963 UKR Ch – Round 3 – ? – 1/2-1/2 – Kots, Yuri I – G20 1. e4 e5 2. Nf3 Nc6 3. Bb5 a6 4. Ba4 Nf6 5. O-O Be7 6. Re1 b5 7. Bb3 d6 8. c3 O-O 9. a4 Bd7 10. d4 Bg4
1965 HUN-ch21 – Round 1 – Dely, Peter – 1/2-1/2 – Portisch, Lajos – G54 1. e4 e5 2. Nf3 Nc6 3. Bb5 a6 4. Ba4 Nf6 5. O-O Be7 6. Re1 b5 7. Bb3 d6 8. c3 O-O 9. a4 b4 10. a5 bxc3
1966 Den Haag zt – Round 17 – Kavalek, Lubomir – 1-0 – Pfleger, Helmut, Dr. – G91 1. e4 e5 2. Nf3 Nc6 3. Bb5 a6 4. Ba4 Nf6 5. O-O Be7 6. Re1 b5 7. Bb3 O-O 8. c3 d6 9. a4 Bb7 10. d4 Nd7
1966 WchTJ U26 fin-A – Round 1 – Polgar, Istvan – 1/2-1/2 – Zuidema, Coen – G4 1. e4 e5 2. Nf3 Nc6 3. Bb5 a6 4. Ba4 Nf6 5. O-O Be7 6. Re1 b5 7. Bb3 d6 8. c3 O-O 9. a4 b4 10. a5 Rb8
1967 Hoogovens – Round 11 – Kavalek, Lubomir – 0-1 – Lutikov, Anatoly S – G79 1. e4 e5 2. Nf3 Nc6 3. Bb5 a6 4. Ba4 Nf6 5. O-O Be7 6. Re1 b5 7. Bb3 O-O 8. c3 d6 9. a4 b4 10. a5 Rb8
1967 HUN Ch – Round 9 – Dely, Peter – 1/2-1/2 – Bokor, Istvan – G30 1. e4 e5 2. Nf3 Nc6 3. Bb5 a6 4. Ba4 Nf6 5. O-O Be7 6. Re1 b5 7. Bb3 d6 8. c3 O-O 9. a4 Bb7 10. d4 h6
1967 URS Team Ch – Round 1 – Mukhin, Evgeny B – 1-0 – Klovans, Janis – G121 1. e4 e5 2. Nf3 Nc6 3. Bb5 a6 4. Ba4 Nf6 5. O-O Be7 6. Re1 b5 7. Bb3 d6 8. c3 O-O 9. a4 b4 10. a5 Bg4
Melody Amber, Blindfold, Monaco 1995 – Round 5 – Ljubojevic, Ljubomir – 0-1 – Piket, Jeroen – G19 1. e4 e5 2. Nf3 Nc6 3. Bb5 a6 4. Ba4 Nf6 5. O-O Be7 6. Re1 b5 7. Bb3 d6 8. c3 O-O 9. a4 b4 10. h3 Rb8
Szirak Interzonal 1987 – Round 12 – Ljubojevic, Ljubomir – 0-1 – Hjartarson, Johann – G21 1. e4 e5 2. Nf3 Nc6 3. Bb5 a6 4. Ba4 Nf6 5. O-O Be7 6. Re1 b5 7. Bb3 d6 8. c3 O-O 9. a4 Bd7 10. d4 h6
Szirak Interzonal 1987 – Round 8 – Ljubojevic, Ljubomir – 1/2-1/2 – Beliavsky, Alexander G – G15 1. e4 e5 2. Nf3 Nc6 3. Bb5 a6 4. Ba4 Nf6 5. O-O Be7 6. Re1 b5 7. Bb3 d6 8. c3 O-O 9. a4 Bd7 10. d4 h6

C90d — Closed

1.e4 e5 2.Nf3 Nc6 3.Bb5 a6 4.Ba4 Nf6 5.O-O Be7 6.Re1 b5 7.Bb3 O-O 8.c3 d6 9.a4

Eval: [+0.24]

Les coups candidats

9…b4 — 32.4% (229 parties)

Ambassadeurs : Bernal Varela, Nelson (13x), Zapata, Alonso (5x), Ulybin, Mikhail (5x), Keres, Paul (4x), Giaccio, Alfredo (4x), Zielinski, Sergej (4x), Kmoch, Hans (3x), Ragozin, Viacheslav (3x)

9…Bg4 — 29.5% (208 parties) →

Ambassadeurs : Bernal Varela, Nelson (11x), Ljubojevic, Ljubomir (5x), Jurkovic, Ante (4x), De Jong, Maarten (3x), Mertanen, Janne (3x), Zapata, Alonso (3x), Minev, Nikolay N (2x), Gligorić, Svetozar (2x)

9…Bb7 — 18.7% (132 parties)

Ambassadeurs : Podgaets, Mikhail (3x), Voyska, Margarita (2x), Filipenko, Alexander V (2x), Milovanovic, Rade (2x), Lakinska, Simona (2x), Klim, Kamil (2x), Groetzbach, Juergen (2x), Bellahcene, Bilel (2x)

9…Bd7 — 11.9% (84 parties)

Ambassadeurs : Beliavsky, Alexander G (4x), De Jong, Migchiel (4x), Ljubojevic, Ljubomir (3x), Giaccio, Alfredo (3x), Bernal Varela, Nelson (3x), Zapata, Alonso (3x), Short, Nigel D (3x), Hjartarson, Johann (2x)

Analyse statistique des coups candidats

Répartition par niveau Elo (% des parties)

Tranche Elo	N parties	9…b4	9…Bg4	9…Bb7	9…Bd7
<1800	15	40%	40%	13%	7%
1800-2200	167	29%	28%	25%	10%
2200-2600	358	29%	30%	18%	15%
2600+	17	35%	35%	—	29%

Évolution par décennie (% des parties)

Décennie	N parties	9…b4	9…Bg4	9…Bb7	9…Bd7
1900s	1	—	—	—	—
1910s	3	33%	33%	—	—
1920s	3	67%	33%	—	—
1930s	6	83%	17%	—	—
1940s	16	81%	6%	—	—
1950s	14	50%	29%	14%	—
1960s	31	39%	26%	19%	10%
1970s	8	38%	25%	25%	—
1980s	82	24%	40%	11%	17%
1990s	114	33%	28%	23%	9%
2000s	168	32%	30%	18%	12%
2010s	217	29%	30%	23%	12%
2020s	43	26%	21%	16%	26%

Tendances récentes (2010s → 2020s)

Coup	2010s	2020s	Δ
9…b4	29%	26%	▼ -3.9%
9…Bg4	30%	21%	▼ -9.5%
9…Bb7	23%	16%	▼ -6.3%
9…Bd7	12%	26%	▲ +13.6%

Joueurs célèbres

Champions du monde dans cette position

Smyslov, Vladimir — 2 parties
Anand, Viswanathan — 2 parties
Botvinnik, Mikhail — 1 partie
Alekhine, Alexander — 1 partie
Karpov, Anatoly — 1 partie
Karpov, Aleksandr — 1 partie

Parties historiques

9…b4 — 32.4% (229 parties)

1914 — Wainwright George Edward vs Lasker, Edward — 0-1 — London ENG
1927 — Romanovsky, Pjotr vs Rabinovich, Ilya Mar — 0-1 — Moskou ch-URS
1929 — Alekhine, Alexander vs Anderson Anderson, Jose Guillermo — 1-0 — Milwaukee, WI USA
1939 — Ragozin, Viacheslav vs Keres, Paul — 1-0 — Leningrad RUS
1939 — Kramer, Haije vs Kmoch, Hans — 1/2-1/2 — Leeuwarden NED

9…Bg4 — 29.5% (208 parties)

1912 — Yates, Frederic D vs Balla, Zoltan Tibor — 1/2-1/2 — Bad Pistyan CZE
1925 — De La Torre Huertas, Carlos vs Mieses, Jacques — 1-0 — Baden-Baden GER
1932 — Ilyin Zhenevsky, Alexander vs Savitsky, Leonid — 1/2-1/2 — Leningrad RUS
1948 — Penrose, Oliver vs Rhodes, Herbert Gibson — 1-0 — London, Bishopsgate
1950 — Kupferstich, Moises vs Zapata Vinces, Mario — 1/2-1/2 — Dubrovnik CRO

9…Bb7 — 18.7% (132 parties)

1954 — Darga, Klaus vs Bialas, Wolfram — 1-0 — Berlin GER
1955 — Vesely, Jiri vs Ivanco, Imrich — 0-1 — Prague CZE
1960 — Nezhmetdinov, Rashid vs Yudovich, Mikhail Jr — 1/2-1/2 — Perm RUS
1963 — Pachman, Ludek vs Kozma, Julius — 1/2-1/2 — Prague CZE
1963 — Bergman Olsson, Eleonora vs Skold, Kristian — 1/2-1/2 — Karlskrona

9…Bd7 — 11.9% (84 parties)

1961 — Bertok, Mario Jr. vs Vospernik, Mira — 1-0 — Zagreb CRO
1963 — ? vs Kots, Yuri I — 1/2-1/2 — Kiev UKR
1968 — Formanek, Eduard vs Pollak, Andras — 1-0 — Ybbs
1985 — Mestel, A Jonathan vs Beliavsky, Alexander G — 0-1 — Lucerne SUI
1987 — Belik, Dalibor vs Spesny, Jan — 0-1 — Karvina

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