C88e — Spanish: Closed, Balla Variation

1.e4 e5 2.Nf3 Nc6 3.Bb5 a6 4.Ba4 Nf6 5.O-O Be7 6.Re1 b5 7.Bb3 d6 8.c3 Na5 9.Bc2 c5 10.d4 Qc7 11.a4 * ● Trait aux Noirs

Ouverture — Centre fermé

♔ Point de vue Blancs

8 7 6 5 4 3 2 1

abcdefgh

Atouts. Les Blancs s'appuient sur la case forte g5 et la paire de fous.

Côté adverse. Les fous enfermés en e7 et c8 et le roi resté au centre.

En contrepartie. Plusieurs pièces dorment encore (le cavalier b1, le fou c1 et la tour a1).

Plans. Nc3 (Développer Nb1) ; Bg5 (Clouer Nf6) ; h3 (Empêcher ...Bg4).

♚ Point de vue Noirs

1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8

hgfedcba

Atouts. Les Noirs s'appuient sur les cases fortes c4 et g4, un avant-poste en c4 et la paire de fous.

Côté adverse. Les fous enfermés en c1 et c2.

En contrepartie. Le roi n'est pas encore à l'abri et plusieurs pièces dorment encore (le fou c8 et les tours a8 et h8).

Plans. O-O (Mettre le roi en sécurité, connecter les tours) ; ...Bg4 (Développer Bc8, clouer Nf3) ; ...c4 (Rupture) ; ...d5 (Rupture).

Avantages

Faiblesses adverses

Diagonale active

Plans

Structure de pions

	♔ Blancs	♚ Noirs
Pions doublés	—	—
Pions isolés	—	—
Arriérés	—	—
Chaînes	● b2→c3, c3→d4	● a6→b5, d6→c5, d6→e5
Passés	—	—
Majorité	—	—

Cases

	♔ Blancs	♚ Noirs
Cases fortes	● g5 (2v0)	● c4 (2v0), ● g4 (2v0)
Cases faibles	—	—
Centre	● d4 (3v2), ● e4 (2v1), ● e5 (2v1)	—

Colonnes et diagonales

♔ Blancs

♚ Noirs

Pièces

	♔ Blancs	♚ Noirs
Bc1	● Bc1 Non développé (mob. 5)
Bc2	● Bc2 Enfermé (mob. 2)
Be7		● Be7 Enfermé (mob. 2)
Bc8		● Bc8 Non développé (mob. 6)
Paire de fous	● Oui	● Oui
Non développées	3 (b1, c1, a1)	3 (c8, a8, h8)

Sécurité du roi

	♔ Blancs	♚ Noirs
Statut	● Roqué	● Au centre !
Droits de roque	—	O-O / O-O-O

Thèmes

	♔ Blancs	♚ Noirs
Phase	Ouverture
Centre	fermé
Ruptures	● c3-c4, ● d4-d5	● …c5-c4, ● …d6-d5

Partie
1912 Bad Pistyan – Round 16 – Sterk, Karoly – 1-0 – Leonhardt, Paul – G68 1. e4 e5 2. Nf3 Nc6 3. Bb5 a6 4. Ba4 Nf6 5. O-O Be7 6. Re1 b5 7. Bb3 d6 8. c3 Na5 9. Bc2 c5 10. d4 Qc7
1912 It (Men) Bad Pistyan CZE – Round 4 – Sterk, Karoly – 1/2-1/2 – Barasz, Zsigmond – G19 1. e4 e5 2. Nf3 Nc6 3. Bb5 a6 4. Ba4 Nf6 5. O-O Be7 6. Re1 b5 7. Bb3 d6 8. c3 Na5 9. Bc2 c5 10. d4 Qc7
1912 Temesvar – Round 6 – Barasz, Zsigmond – 0-1 – Asztalos, Lajos – G1 1. e4 e5 2. Nf3 Nc6 3. Bb5 a6 4. Ba4 Nf6 5. O-O Be7 6. Re1 b5 7. Bb3 d6 8. c3 Na5 9. Bc2 c5 10. d4 Qc7
1913 BCF Ch 10th – Round 1 – Saunders, Harold – 0-1 – Gunston, William H – G3 1. e4 e5 2. Nf3 Nc6 3. Bb5 a6 4. Ba4 Nf6 5. O-O Be7 6. Re1 b5 7. Bb3 d6 8. c3 Na5 9. Bc2 c5 10. d4 Qc7
1913 Debrecen – Round 1.4 – Asztalos, Lajos – 1/2-1/2 – Barasz, Zsigmond – G8 1. e4 e5 2. Nf3 Nc6 3. Bb5 a6 4. Ba4 Nf6 5. O-O Be7 6. Re1 b5 7. Bb3 d6 8. c3 Na5 9. Bc2 c5 10. d4 Qc7
1916 It (Men) Hastings ENG – Round 1 – Tarrasch, Siegbert – 1/2-1/2 – Lasker, Emanuel – G3 1. e4 e5 2. Nf3 Nc6 3. Bb5 a6 4. Ba4 Nf6 5. O-O Be7 6. Re1 b5 7. Bb3 d6 8. c3 Na5 9. Bc2 c5 10. d4 Qc7
1923 DSB-23.Kongress – Round 9 – Post, Erhard – 1/2-1/2 – Becker, Albert – G32 1. e4 e5 2. Nf3 Nc6 3. Bb5 a6 4. Ba4 Nf6 5. O-O Be7 6. Re1 b5 7. Bb3 d6 8. c3 Na5 9. Bc2 c5 10. d4 Qc7
1923 Frankfurt – Round 1 – Emmerich, Dieter – 0-1 – Gruenfeld, Ernst – G13 1. e4 e5 2. Nf3 Nc6 3. Bb5 a6 4. Ba4 Nf6 5. O-O Be7 6. Re1 b5 7. Bb3 d6 8. c3 Na5 9. Bc2 c5 10. d4 Qc7
1932 Bern – Round 1 – Rivier, William – 1/2-1/2 – Johner, Paul – G19 1. e4 e5 2. Nf3 Nc6 3. Bb5 a6 4. Ba4 Nf6 5. O-O d6 6. Re1 b5 7. Bb3 Be7 8. c3 Na5 9. Bc2 c5 10. d4 Qc7
1932 Bern – Round 14 – Rivier, William – 0-1 – Sultan Khan, Mir – G104 1. e4 e5 2. Nf3 Nc6 3. Bb5 a6 4. Ba4 Nf6 5. O-O Be7 6. Re1 b5 7. Bb3 d6 8. c3 Na5 9. Bc2 c5 10. d4 Qc7
1932 Hastings3233 – Round 5 – Steiner, Lajos – 1/2-1/2 – Sultan Khan, Mir – G24 1. e4 e5 2. Nf3 Nc6 3. Bb5 a6 4. Ba4 Nf6 5. O-O Be7 6. Re1 b5 7. Bb3 d6 8. c3 Na5 9. Bc2 c5 10. d4 Qc7
1933 Folkestone Olympiad 5th – Round 2.5 – Steiner, Lajos – 1/2-1/2 – Gruenfeld, Ernst – G20 1. e4 e5 2. Nf3 Nc6 3. Bb5 a6 4. Ba4 Nf6 5. O-O Be7 6. Re1 b5 7. Bb3 d6 8. c3 Na5 9. Bc2 c5 10. d4 Qc7
1933 Moravska Ostrava – Round ? – Petrov, Vladimirs – 1/2-1/2 – Gruenfeld, Ernst – G45 1. e4 e5 2. Nf3 Nc6 3. Bb5 a6 4. Ba4 Nf6 5. O-O Be7 6. Re1 b5 7. Bb3 d6 8. c3 Na5 9. Bc2 c5 10. d4 Qc7
1935 Tatatovaros it – Round 12 – Kluger, Gyula – 1/2-1/2 – Szigeti, Miklos – G14 1. e4 e5 2. Nf3 Nc6 3. Bb5 a6 4. Ba4 Nf6 5. O-O Be7 6. Re1 b5 7. Bb3 d6 8. c3 Na5 9. Bc2 c5 10. d4 Qc7
1936 Budapest HUN – Round 10 – Balogh, Janos – 1/2-1/2 – Szigeti, Miklos – G15 1. e4 e5 2. Nf3 Nc6 3. Bb5 a6 4. Ba4 Nf6 5. O-O Be7 6. Re1 b5 7. Bb3 d6 8. c3 Na5 9. Bc2 c5 10. d4 Qc7
1937 Kemeri LAT – Round 11 – Keres, Paul Petrovich – 1-0 – Berg, Theodor – G6 1. e4 e5 2. Nf3 Nc6 3. Bb5 a6 4. Ba4 Nf6 5. O-O Be7 6. Re1 b5 7. Bb3 d6 8. c3 Na5 9. Bc2 c5 10. d4 Qc7
1937 Margate – Round 5 – Keres, Paul – 1-0 – Tylor, Theodore Henry – G20 1. e4 e5 2. Nf3 Nc6 3. Bb5 a6 4. Ba4 Nf6 5. O-O Be7 6. Re1 b5 7. Bb3 d6 8. c3 Na5 9. Bc2 c5 10. d4 Qc7
1937 Stockholm ol – Round 15 – Keres, Paul – 1-0 – Reshevsky, Samuel – G82 1. e4 e5 2. Nf3 Nc6 3. Bb5 a6 4. Ba4 Nf6 5. O-O Be7 6. Re1 b5 7. Bb3 d6 8. c3 Na5 9. Bc2 c5 10. d4 Qc7
1938 Stockholm – Round 1 – Johansson, Martin 1979 – 1-0 – Carlsson, Henrik 2002 – G16 1. e4 e5 2. Nf3 Nc6 3. Bb5 a6 4. Ba4 Nf6 5. O-O Be7 6. Re1 b5 7. Bb3 d6 8. c3 Na5 9. Bc2 c5 10. d4 Qc7
1939 Leningrad/Moscow – Round 7 – Levenfish, Grigory – 1/2-1/2 – Lilienthal, Andor – G53 1. e4 e5 2. Nf3 Nc6 3. Bb5 a6 4. Ba4 Nf6 5. O-O Be7 6. Re1 b5 7. Bb3 d6 8. c3 Na5 9. Bc2 c5 10. d4 Qc7
1939 Leningrad/Moscow – Round 7 – Romanovsky, Pjotr – 0-1 – Flohr, Salo – G54 1. e4 e5 2. Nf3 Nc6 3. Bb5 a6 4. Ba4 Nf6 5. O-O Be7 6. Re1 b5 7. Bb3 d6 8. c3 Na5 9. Bc2 c5 10. d4 Qc7
1939 Margate – Round 2 – Keres, Paul Petrovich – 1/2-1/2 – Capablanca, Jose – G13 1. e4 e5 2. Nf3 Nc6 3. Bb5 a6 4. Ba4 Nf6 5. O-O Be7 6. Re1 b5 7. Bb3 d6 8. c3 Na5 9. Bc2 c5 10. d4 Qc7
1942 EST Ch – Round 5 – Keres, Paul – 1-0 – Rudolf Pruun – G5 1. e4 e5 2. Nf3 Nc6 3. Bb5 a6 4. Ba4 Nf6 5. O-O d6 6. Re1 b5 7. Bb3 Be7 8. c3 Na5 9. Bc2 c5 10. d4 Qc7
1942 Munich – Round 3 – Keres, Paul – 1-0 – Barcza, Gedeon – G27 1. e4 e5 2. Nf3 Nc6 3. Bb5 a6 4. Ba4 Nf6 5. O-O Be7 6. Re1 b5 7. Bb3 d6 8. c3 Na5 9. Bc2 c5 10. d4 Qc7
1942 USA Ch – Round 3 – Green, Matthew R – 1/2-1/2 – Reshevsky, Samuel – G8 1. e4 e5 2. Nf3 Nc6 3. Bb5 a6 4. Ba4 Nf6 5. O-O Be7 6. Re1 b5 7. Bb3 d6 8. c3 Na5 9. Bc2 c5 10. d4 Qc7
1945 Novi Sad – Round 1 – Vukovic, Sava – 1-0 – Preinfalk, Anton – G33 1. e4 e5 2. Nf3 Nc6 3. Bb5 a6 4. Ba4 Nf6 5. O-O Be7 6. Re1 b5 7. Bb3 d6 8. c3 Na5 9. Bc2 c5 10. d4 Qc7
1946 YUG Ch – Round 8 – Simonovic, Borko – 1/2-1/2 – Tomovic, Vasilje – G12 1. e4 e5 2. Nf3 Nc6 3. Bb5 a6 4. Ba4 Nf6 5. O-O Be7 6. Re1 b5 7. Bb3 d6 8. c3 Na5 9. Bc2 c5 10. d4 Qc7
1947 Hermanis Matisons Memorial – Round 7 – Zemgalis, Elmars – 1-0 – Selezniev, Alexey – G7 1. e4 e5 2. Nf3 Nc6 3. Bb5 a6 4. Ba4 Nf6 5. O-O Be7 6. Re1 d6 7. c3 b5 8. Bb3 Na5 9. Bc2 c5 10. d4 Qc7
1952 Budapest HUN – Round ? – Florian, Tibor – 1-0 – Bely, Andrey – G24 1. e4 e5 2. Nf3 Nc6 3. Bb5 a6 4. Ba4 Nf6 5. O-O Be7 6. Re1 b5 7. Bb3 d6 8. c3 Na5 9. Bc2 c5 10. d4 Qc7
1952 Saltsjobaden Interzonal – Round 2 – Unzicker, Wolfgang – 1-0 – Sanchez Alpizar, Luis Alberto – G17 1. e4 e5 2. Nf3 Nc6 3. Bb5 a6 4. Ba4 Nf6 5. O-O Be7 6. Re1 b5 7. Bb3 d6 8. c3 Na5 9. Bc2 c5 10. d4 Qc7
1952 YUG Ch – Round 18 – Andric, Dragoslav – 1-0 – Djaja, Dragutin – G26 1. e4 e5 2. Nf3 Nc6 3. Bb5 a6 4. Ba4 Nf6 5. O-O Be7 6. Re1 b5 7. Bb3 d6 8. c3 Na5 9. Bc2 c5 10. d4 Qc7
1954 HUN Ch 10th – Round 1 – Pogats, Jozsef Jr. – 1/2-1/2 – Gereben, Erno – G1 1. e4 e5 2. Nf3 Nc6 3. Bb5 a6 4. Ba4 Nf6 5. O-O Be7 6. Re1 b5 7. Bb3 d6 8. c3 Na5 9. Bc2 c5 10. d4 Qc7
1954 HUN Ch 10th – Round 7 – Pogats, Jozsef Jr. – 0-1 – Bely, Miklos – G10 1. e4 e5 2. Nf3 Nc6 3. Bb5 a6 4. Ba4 Nf6 5. O-O Be7 6. Re1 b5 7. Bb3 d6 8. c3 Na5 9. Bc2 c5 10. d4 Qc7
1954 Hungary Ch – Round 1 – Dely, Peter – 0-1 – Bely, Matthieu – G18 1. e4 e5 2. Nf3 Nc6 3. Bb5 a6 4. Ba4 Nf6 5. O-O Be7 6. Re1 b5 7. Bb3 d6 8. c3 Na5 9. Bc2 c5 10. d4 Qc7
1957 Mar del Plata – Round 1 – Ader Hausman, Walter – 1/2-1/2 – Incutto, Carlos – G17 1. e4 e5 2. Nf3 Nc6 3. Bb5 a6 4. Ba4 Nf6 5. O-O Be7 6. Re1 b5 7. Bb3 d6 8. c3 Na5 9. Bc2 c5 10. d4 Qc7
1961 Netanya – Round 13 – Kraidman, Yair – 1-0 – Durão, Joaquim Manuel – G81 1. e4 e5 2. Nf3 Nc6 3. Bb5 a6 4. Ba4 Nf6 5. O-O Be7 6. Re1 b5 7. Bb3 d6 8. c3 Na5 9. Bc2 c5 10. d4 Qc7
1962 BRA Ch – Round 11 – Alves, Francisco H B Severino – 1-0 – Seabra, Geraldo – G26 1. e4 e5 2. Nf3 Nc6 3. Bb5 a6 4. Ba4 Nf6 5. O-O b5 6. Bb3 Be7 7. Re1 d6 8. c3 Na5 9. Bc2 c5 10. d4 Qc7
1962 CSR Ch – Round 11 – Jansa, Vlastimil – 1-0 – Blatny, Frantisek – G94 1. e4 e5 2. Nf3 Nc6 3. Bb5 a6 4. Ba4 Nf6 5. O-O Be7 6. Re1 b5 7. Bb3 d6 8. c3 Na5 9. Bc2 c5 10. d4 Qc7
1962 Marianske Lazne – Round 3 – Jansa, Vlastimil – 0-1 – Lokvenc, Josef – G22 1. e4 e5 2. Nf3 Nc6 3. Bb5 a6 4. Ba4 Nf6 5. O-O Be7 6. Re1 b5 7. Bb3 d6 8. c3 Na5 9. Bc2 c5 10. d4 Qc7
1962 Stevenson Memorial 10th – Round 8 – Hindle, Owen M – 1-0 – Abrahams, Gerald – G29 1. e4 e5 2. Nf3 Nc6 3. Bb5 a6 4. Ba4 Nf6 5. O-O Be7 6. Re1 b5 7. Bb3 d6 8. c3 Na5 9. Bc2 c5 10. d4 Qc7
1963 CSR Ch sf – Round 13.6 – Jansa, Vlastimil – 1/2-1/2 – Skokan, Zdenek – G61 1. e4 e5 2. Nf3 Nc6 3. Bb5 a6 4. Ba4 Nf6 5. O-O Be7 6. Re1 b5 7. Bb3 d6 8. c3 Na5 9. Bc2 c5 10. d4 Qc7
1965 Corr – Round ? – Krausz, Otto – 1/2-1/2 – Napolitano, Mario – G19 1. e4 e5 2. Nf3 Nc6 3. Bb5 a6 4. Ba4 Nf6 5. O-O Be7 6. Re1 b5 7. Bb3 d6 8. c3 Na5 9. Bc2 c5 10. d4 Qc7
1968 New York ch-USA – Round 5 – Byrne, Ray – 1-0 – Horowitz, Albert Israel – G29 1. e4 e5 2. Nf3 Nc6 3. Bb5 a6 4. Ba4 Nf6 5. O-O Be7 6. Re1 b5 7. Bb3 d6 8. c3 Na5 9. Bc2 c5 10. d4 Qc7

C88e — Closed Balla Variation

1.e4 e5 2.Nf3 Nc6 3.Bb5 a6 4.Ba4 Nf6 5.O-O Be7 6.Re1 b5 7.Bb3 d6 8.c3 Na5 9.Bc2 c5 10.d4 Qc7 11.a4

Eval: [+0.61]

Les coups candidats

11…b4 — 48.1% (114 parties)

Ambassadeurs : Keres, Paul (4x), Keres, Paul Petrovich (4x), Barcza, Gedeon (3x), Rivier, William (2x), Sterk, Karoly (2x), Capablanca, Jose (2x), Tarrasch, Siegbert (2x), Lasker, Emanuel (2x)

11…Rb8 — 21.1% (50 parties)

Ambassadeurs : Asztalos, Lajos (3x), Blatny, Frantisek (3x), Pokorny, Amos (2x), Gruenfeld, Ernst (2x), Olson, Anton (2x), Nyholm, Gustav (2x), Szigeti, Miklos (2x), Capablanca, Jose (2x)

11…Bb7 — 12.7% (30 parties)

Ambassadeurs : Vukovic, Sava (1x), Preinfalk, Anton (1x), Medina-Garcia, Antonio (1x), Gonzalez Arellano, Vicente Jhovan (1x), Steiner, Lajos (1x), Sultan Khan, Mir (1x), Johansson, Martin 1979 (1x), Skold, Kristian (1x)

11…c4 — 8.9% (21 parties)

Ambassadeurs : Rogic, Davor (3x), Larsen, Benjamin Holsko (2x), Saric, Ivan (2x), Capablanca, Jose (1x), Corzo y Principe, Juan (1x), Halvorsen Choque, Amauta (1x), Alfthan Madsen, Oscar Ernst (1x), Watson, W Peter (1x)

Analyse statistique des coups candidats

Répartition par niveau Elo (% des parties)

Tranche Elo	N parties	11…b4	11…Rb8	11…Bb7	11…c4
<1800	6	—	33%	50%	—
1800-2200	69	46%	13%	17%	10%
2200-2600	44	52%	16%	7%	18%
2600+	3	—	—	—	100%

Évolution par décennie (% des parties)

Décennie	N parties	11…b4	11…Rb8	11…Bb7	11…c4
1900s	1	100%	—	—	—
1910s	15	40%	53%	—	7%
1920s	7	71%	29%	—	—
1930s	20	45%	50%	5%	—
1940s	13	54%	15%	15%	—
1950s	13	62%	23%	8%	8%
1960s	15	80%	20%	—	—
1970s	10	20%	30%	—	—
1980s	13	46%	38%	—	—
1990s	20	45%	25%	15%	10%
2000s	39	44%	13%	28%	5%
2010s	64	45%	5%	17%	22%
2020s	7	43%	14%	14%	14%

Tendances récentes (2010s → 2020s)

Coup	2010s	2020s	Δ
11…b4	45%	43%	▼ -2.5%
11…Rb8	5%	14%	▲ +9.6%
11…Bb7	17%	14%	▼ -2.9%
11…c4	22%	14%	▼ -7.6%

Joueurs célèbres

Champions du monde dans cette position

Lasker, Emanuel — 2 parties
Alekhine, Alexander — 1 partie

Parties historiques

11…b4 — 48.1% (114 parties)

1909 — Hakansson, Arthur vs Loewy, Leopold Jr — 1-0 — Leiden NED
1912 — Sterk, Karoly vs Leonhardt, Paul — 1-0 — Bad Pistyan CZE
1912 — Sterk, Karoly vs Barasz, Zsigmond — 1/2-1/2 — Bad Pistyan CZE
1913 — Alekhine, Alexander vs Capablanca, Jose — 0-1 — St Petersburg RUS
1913 — Saunders, Harold vs Gunston, William H — 0-1 — Cheltenham

11…Rb8 — 21.1% (50 parties)

1912 — Pokorny, Amos vs Ljunggren, Kand — 1-0 — Breslau GER
1912 — Kruger, Paul vs Zidlicky, B. — 0-1 — Breslau GER
1912 — Barasz, Zsigmond vs Asztalos, Lajos — 0-1 — Temesvar
1913 — Pokorny, Amos vs Schlage, Willi — 1/2-1/2 — Berlin GER
1913 — Asztalos, Lajos vs Barasz, Zsigmond — 1/2-1/2 — Debrecen HUN

11…Bb7 — 12.7% (30 parties)

1932 — Steiner, Lajos vs Sultan Khan, Mir — 1/2-1/2 — Hastings ENG
1944 — Medina-Garcia, Antonio vs Gonzalez Arellano, Vicente Jhovan — 1/2-1/2 — Gijon ESP
1945 — Vukovic, Sava vs Preinfalk, Anton — 1-0 — Novi Sad SRB
1952 — Johansson, Martin 1979 vs Skold, Kristian — 1-0 — Stockholm SWE
1990 — Hooykaas, G J vs Elichich, Milan — 0-1 — corr Netherlands

11…c4 — 8.9% (21 parties)

1913 — Capablanca, Jose vs Corzo y Principe, Juan — 1-0 — Havana CUB
1955 — Halvorsen Choque, Amauta vs Alfthan Madsen, Oscar Ernst — 1-0 — cr.
1990 — Darius King vs Larsen, Benjamin Holsko — 0-1 — London ENG
1991 — Watson, W Peter vs Larsen, Benjamin Holsko — 1-0 — It (cat.11) London ENG
2008 — Jakovenko, Dmitry vs Eljanov, Pavel — 1/2-1/2 — Elista RUS

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