C87c — Spanish: Closed, Averbakh, 7.Bxc6+ bxc6 8.d4

1.e4 e5 2.Nf3 Nc6 3.Bb5 a6 4.Ba4 Nf6 5.O-O Be7 6.Re1 d6 7.Bxc6+ bxc6 8.d4 * ● Trait aux Noirs

Ouverture — Centre fermé

♔ Point de vue Blancs

8 7 6 5 4 3 2 1

abcdefgh

Atouts. Les Blancs s'appuient sur la case forte g5.

Côté adverse. Le pion isolé a6, les fous enfermés en e7 et c8 et le roi resté au centre.

En contrepartie. Plusieurs pièces dorment encore (le cavalier b1, le fou c1 et la tour a1).

Plans. Nbd2 (Développer Nb1) ; Bg5 (Clouer Nf6) ; h3 (Empêcher ...Bg4).

♚ Point de vue Noirs

1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8

hgfedcba

Atouts. Les Noirs s'appuient sur les cases fortes g4 et b5, la paire de fous et la colonne semi-ouverte b.

Côté adverse. Le fou enfermé en c1.

En contrepartie. Le roi n'est pas encore à l'abri, plusieurs pièces dorment encore (le fou c8 et les tours a8 et h8) et le pion isolé a6.

Plans. O-O (Mettre le roi en sécurité, connecter les tours) ; ...Bg4 (Développer Bc8, clouer Nf3) ; ...c5 (Rupture) ; ...d5 (Rupture) ; Tour sur colonne b.

Avantages

Faiblesses adverses

Diagonale active

Plans

Structure de pions

	♔ Blancs	♚ Noirs
Pions doublés	—	● c6, ● c7
Pions isolés	—	● a6
Arriérés	—	—
Chaînes	—	● d6→e5, c7→d6
Passés	—	—
Majorité	—	—

Cases

	♔ Blancs	♚ Noirs
Cases fortes	● g5 (2v0)	● g4 (2v0), ● b5 (2v0)
Cases faibles	—	—
Centre	● d4 (2v1), ● e5 (2v1)	● d5 (2v1)

Colonnes et diagonales

	♔ Blancs	♚ Noirs
Semi-ouvertes	—	● b

Pièces

	♔ Blancs	♚ Noirs
Bc1	● Bc1 Non développé (mob. 5)
Be7		● Be7 Enfermé (mob. 1)
Bc8		● Bc8 Non développé (mob. 6)
Paire de fous	Non	● Oui
Non développées	3 (b1, c1, a1)	3 (c8, a8, h8)

Sécurité du roi

	♔ Blancs	♚ Noirs
Statut	● Roqué	● Au centre !
Droits de roque	—	O-O / O-O-O

Thèmes

	♔ Blancs	♚ Noirs
Phase	Ouverture
Centre	fermé
Ruptures	● c2-c3, ● d4-d5	● …c6-c5, ● …d6-d5

Partie
1902 It (Men) Monte Carlo MNC – Round 6 – Teichmann, Richard – 1/2-1/2 – Tartakower, Savielly – G20 1. e4 e5 2. Nf3 Nc6 3. Bb5 a6 4. Ba4 Nf6 5. O-O d6 6. Bxc6+ bxc6 7. d4 Be7 8. Re1 Nd7 9. Na3 O-O 10. Nc4 Bf6
1903 Monte Carlo – Round 13 – Teichmann, Radek – 1-0 – D Marco, Gianni – G24 1. e4 e5 2. Nf3 Nc6 3. Bb5 a6 4. Ba4 Nf6 5. O-O Be7 6. Re1 d6 7. Bxc6+ bxc6 8. d4 Nd7 9. Nbd2 O-O 10. Nc4 f6
1904 Cambridge Springs – Round 1 – Lawrence, Thomas F – 0-1 – Janowski, Dawid – G3 1. e4 e5 2. Nf3 Nc6 3. Bb5 a6 4. Ba4 Nf6 5. O-O Be7 6. Re1 d6 7. Bxc6+ bxc6 8. d4 Nd7 9. dxe5 dxe5 10. Nbd2 f6
1904 Cambridge Springs – Round 8 – Pillsbury, Harry – 1/2-1/2 – Schlechter, Carl – G38 1. e4 e5 2. Nf3 Nc6 3. Bb5 a6 4. Ba4 Nf6 5. O-O Be7 6. Re1 d6 7. Bxc6+ bxc6 8. d4 Nd7 9. Nbd2 O-O 10. dxe5 dxe5
1908 Prague – Round 11 – Spielmann, Rudolf – 0-1 – Marshall, Frank – G95 1. e4 e5 2. Nf3 Nc6 3. Bb5 a6 4. Ba4 Nf6 5. O-O Be7 6. Re1 d6 7. Bxc6+ bxc6 8. d4 Nd7 9. Nbd2 O-O 10. Nf1 Bf6
1909 BCF Ch 6th – Round 6 – Mackenzie, Arthur J – 1/2-1/2 – Ward, William 2001 – G26 1. e4 e5 2. Nf3 Nc6 3. Bb5 a6 4. Ba4 Nf6 5. O-O Be7 6. Re1 d6 7. Bxc6+ bxc6 8. d4 Nd7 9. dxe5 dxe5 10. b3 O-O
1909 World Championship 9th – Round 1 – Lasker, Emanuel – 1/2-1/2 – Forgacs, Leo – G1 1. e4 e5 2. Nf3 Nc6 3. Bb5 a6 4. Ba4 Nf6 5. O-O Be7 6. Re1 d6 7. Bxc6+ bxc6 8. d4 Nd7 9. dxe5 dxe5 10. Nbd2 f6
1928 The Hague ol (Men) – Round 7 – Muffang, Andre – 1-0 – Koltanowski, George – G46 1. e4 e5 2. Nf3 Nc6 3. Bb5 a6 4. Ba4 Nf6 5. O-O Be7 6. Re1 d6 7. Bxc6+ bxc6 8. d4 Nd7 9. Nbd2 Bf6 10. Nc4 O-O
1940 Moskou ch-URS – Round 14 – Levenfish, Grigory – 1/2-1/2 – Panov, Vasily – G144 1. e4 e5 2. Nf3 Nc6 3. Bb5 a6 4. Ba4 Nf6 5. O-O Be7 6. Re1 d6 7. Bxc6+ bxc6 8. d4 Nd7 9. dxe5 dxe5 10. Nbd2 a5
1949 Trencianske Teplice – Round 16 – O'Kelly, Albéric de Galway – 1/2-1/2 – Szily, Jozsef – G104 1. e4 e5 2. Nf3 Nc6 3. Bb5 a6 4. Ba4 Nf6 5. O-O Be7 6. Re1 d6 7. Bxc6+ bxc6 8. d4 Nd7 9. dxe5 dxe5 10. b3 f6
1950 Schiavno Zdroj – Round 1 – Keres, Paul Petrovich – 1/2-1/2 – Szabo, Laszlo – G100 1. e4 e5 2. Nf3 Nc6 3. Bb5 a6 4. Ba4 Nf6 5. O-O d6 6. Re1 Be7 7. Bxc6+ bxc6 8. d4 Nd7 9. dxe5 dxe5 10. Nbd2 a5
1952 Moskou ch-URS – Round 1 – Boleslavsky, Isaac – 1/2-1/2 – Keres, Paul Petrovich – G131 1. e4 e5 2. Nf3 Nc6 3. Bb5 a6 4. Ba4 Nf6 5. O-O Be7 6. Re1 d6 7. Bxc6+ bxc6 8. d4 Nd7 9. Nbd2 O-O 10. Nc4 exd4
1957 URS Ch sf – Round 9 – Krogius, Nikolai V – 1/2-1/2 – Antoshin, Vladimir S – G8 1. e4 e5 2. Nf3 Nc6 3. Bb5 a6 4. Ba4 Nf6 5. O-O Be7 6. Re1 d6 7. Bxc6+ bxc6 8. d4 Nd7 9. Nbd2 f6 10. Nc4 Nb6
1961 Baku ch-URS – Round 21 – Bronstein, David I – 1/2-1/2 – Smyslov, Vladimir – G196 1. e4 e5 2. Nf3 Nc6 3. Bb5 a6 4. Ba4 Nf6 5. O-O Be7 6. Re1 d6 7. Bxc6+ bxc6 8. d4 Nd7 9. Nc3 O-O 10. dxe5 Nxe5
1962 Erevan ch-URS – Round 1 – Novopashin, Arkady – 1/2-1/2 – Bannik, Anatolij – G134 1. e4 e5 2. Nf3 Nc6 3. Bb5 a6 4. Ba4 Nf6 5. O-O Be7 6. Re1 d6 7. Bxc6+ bxc6 8. d4 Nd7 9. dxe5 dxe5 10. Nbd2 f6
1962 Skopje ch17-YUG – Round 10 – Ostojic, Predrag – 0-1 – Sokolov, Vladimir – G99 1. e4 e5 2. Nf3 Nc6 3. Bb5 a6 4. Ba4 Nf6 5. O-O Be7 6. Re1 d6 7. Bxc6+ bxc6 8. d4 Nd7 9. dxe5 dxe5 10. Nbd2 f6
1963 Hastings6364 – Round 1 – Khasin, Alexander – 1-0 – Littlewood, John E – G3 1. e4 e5 2. Nf3 Nc6 3. Bb5 a6 4. Ba4 Nf6 5. O-O Be7 6. Re1 d6 7. Bxc6+ bxc6 8. d4 Nd7 9. Na3 f6 10. Nc4 Nb6
1963 Piatigorsky Cup 1st – Round 11 – Keres, Paul – 0-1 – Reshevsky, Samuel – G15 1. e4 e5 2. Nf3 Nc6 3. Bb5 a6 4. Ba4 Nf6 5. O-O Be7 6. Re1 d6 7. Bxc6+ bxc6 8. d4 Nd7 9. Nbd2 f6 10. Nc4 Nb6
1964 DEN Ch Holstebro – Round 5 – From, Sigfred – 1-0 – Petersen, Finn – G17 1. e4 e5 2. Nf3 Nc6 3. Bb5 a6 4. Ba4 Nf6 5. O-O Be7 6. Re1 d6 7. Bxc6+ bxc6 8. d4 Nd7 9. c4 O-O 10. Nc3 Bf6
1964 Harrachov 6465 – Round 2 – Jansa, Vlastimil – 1/2-1/2 – Kavalek, Lubomir – G8 1. e4 e5 2. Nf3 Nc6 3. Bb5 a6 4. Ba4 Nf6 5. O-O Be7 6. Re1 d6 7. Bxc6+ bxc6 8. d4 Nd7 9. Nbd2 exd4 10. Nxd4 Ne5
1964 Reykjavik – Round 11 – Gligorić, Svetozar – 1-0 – Johannsson, Ingi R – G63 1. e4 e5 2. Nf3 Nc6 3. Bb5 a6 4. Ba4 Nf6 5. O-O Be7 6. Re1 d6 7. Bxc6+ bxc6 8. d4 Nd7 9. Nbd2 f6 10. Nc4 O-O
1964 Rubinstein Memorial – Round 14 – Filipowicz, Andrzej – 1-0 – Kostro, Jerzy – G63 1. e4 e5 2. Nf3 Nc6 3. Bb5 a6 4. Ba4 Nf6 5. O-O Be7 6. Re1 d6 7. Bxc6+ bxc6 8. d4 Nd7 9. b3 f6 10. Bb2 O-O
1964 Tel Aviv olm – Round 1 – Matanovic, Aleksandar – 1-0 – Bobotsov, Milko G – G105 1. e4 e5 2. Nf3 Nc6 3. Bb5 a6 4. Ba4 Nf6 5. O-O Be7 6. Re1 d6 7. Bxc6+ bxc6 8. d4 Nd7 9. Nbd2 f6 10. Nc4 O-O
1964 Tel Aviv olm fin-A – Round 4 – Padevsky, Nikola – 1/2-1/2 – Gligorić, Svetozar – G90 1. e4 e5 2. Nf3 Nc6 3. Bb5 a6 4. Ba4 Nf6 5. O-O Be7 6. Re1 d6 7. Bxc6+ bxc6 8. d4 Nd7 9. dxe5 dxe5 10. Nbd2 Bd6
1965 Hoogovens – Round 1 – Langeweg, Kick – 1-0 – Van Scheltinga, Theo – G17 1. e4 e5 2. Nf3 Nc6 3. Bb5 a6 4. Ba4 Nf6 5. O-O d6 6. Bxc6+ bxc6 7. d4 Be7 8. Re1 Nd7 9. Nbd2 O-O 10. Nc4 exd4
1965 Tbilisi – Round 1 – Jansa, Vlastimil – 0-1 – Alatortsev, Vladimir N. – G49 1. e4 e5 2. Nf3 Nc6 3. Bb5 a6 4. Ba4 Nf6 5. O-O Be7 6. Re1 d6 7. Bxc6+ bxc6 8. d4 Nd7 9. Na3 O-O 10. Nc4 Bf6
1967 URS Team Ch – Round 1 – Kapengut, Albert – 0-1 – Antoshin, Vladimir S – G38 1. e4 e5 2. Nf3 Nc6 3. Bb5 a6 4. Ba4 Nf6 5. O-O Be7 6. Re1 d6 7. Bxc6+ bxc6 8. d4 Nd7 9. dxe5 dxe5 10. Nbd2 f6
1968 URS Team Ch – Round 1 – Stein, Leonid – 1-0 – Zaitsev, Igor A – G143 1. e4 e5 2. Nf3 Nc6 3. Bb5 a6 4. Ba4 Nf6 5. O-O Be7 6. Re1 d6 7. Bxc6+ bxc6 8. d4 Nd7 9. dxe5 dxe5 10. Nbd2 Bc5
1970 Belgrade URS-World – Round 2.10 – Keres, Paul – 1-0 – Ivkov, Borislav – G22 1. e4 e5 2. Nf3 Nc6 3. Bb5 a6 4. Ba4 Nf6 5. O-O Be7 6. Re1 d6 7. Bxc6+ bxc6 8. d4 Nd7 9. Nbd2 O-O 10. Nc4 Bf6
Interpolis 1984 – Round 1 – Timman, Jan H – 1/2-1/2 – Smyslov, Vassily – G42 1. e4 e5 2. Nf3 Nc6 3. Bb5 a6 4. Ba4 Nf6 5. O-O Be7 6. Re1 d6 7. Bxc6+ bxc6 8. d4 Nd7 9. dxe5 Nxe5 10. Nxe5 dxe5

C87c — Closed Averbakh

1.e4 e5 2.Nf3 Nc6 3.Bb5 a6 4.Ba4 Nf6 5.O-O Be7 6.Re1 d6 7.Bxc6+ bxc6 8.d4

Eval: [+0.26]

Les coups candidats

8…exd4 — 75.2% (367 parties) →

Ambassadeurs : Romanishin, Oleg M (15x), Sokolov, Ivan (8x), Kholmov, Ratmir D (7x), Petrosian, Arshak B (7x), Yates, Frederic D (4x), Lasker, Emanuel (4x), Blagojevic, Dragisa (4x), Giorgadze, Gabriel (3x)

8…Nd7 — 20.7% (101 parties)

Ambassadeurs : Ivkov, Borislav (7x), Keres, Paul Petrovich (5x), Janowski, Dawid (4x), Lasker, Emanuel (4x), Jansa, Vlastimil (3x), Timman, Jan H (3x), Antoshin, Vladimir S (2x), Kostro, Jerzy (2x)

8…Bg4 — 3.5% (17 parties)

Ambassadeurs : Runge Berthold (1x), Ehlert, Jochen (1x), Kraft, Chip (1x), Swathell, Gary D (1x), Cuijpers, Frans Andre (1x), Roos, Jean-Luc (1x), Pachtas, Chaideftos (1x), Brattstrom Nilsson, Adam (1x)

8…Bb7 — 0.2% (1 parties)

Ambassadeurs : Komarica, Borut (1x), Kozarski, Aleksander (1x)

Analyse statistique des coups candidats

Répartition par niveau Elo (% des parties)

Tranche Elo	N parties	8…exd4	8…Nd7	8…Bg4	8…Bb7
<1800	11	73%	—	27%	—
1800-2200	76	74%	16%	8%	—
2200-2600	213	85%	14%	1%	—
2600+	42	88%	12%	—	—

Évolution par décennie (% des parties)

Décennie	N parties	8…exd4	8…Nd7	8…Bg4	8…Bb7
1900s	18	39%	61%	—	—
1910s	3	67%	33%	—	—
1920s	8	75%	25%	—	—
1930s	4	75%	25%	—	—
1940s	6	67%	33%	—	—
1950s	6	33%	50%	17%	—
1960s	41	46%	54%	—	—
1970s	31	55%	45%	—	—
1980s	30	77%	13%	10%	—
1990s	44	80%	16%	5%	—
2000s	130	82%	13%	4%	1%
2010s	130	85%	9%	5%	—
2020s	37	86%	14%	—	—

Tendances récentes (2010s → 2020s)

Coup	2010s	2020s	Δ
8…exd4	85%	86%	▲ +1.9%
8…Nd7	9%	14%	▲ +4.3%
8…Bg4	5%	0%	▼ -4.6%
8…Bb7	0%	0%	+0.0%

Joueurs célèbres

Champions du monde dans cette position

Lasker, Emanuel — 8 parties
Tal, Mikhail — 3 parties
Smyslov, Vladimir — 2 parties
Euwe, Max — 1 partie
Anand, Viswanathan — 1 partie
Karpov, Anatoly — 1 partie

Parties historiques

8…exd4 — 75.2% (367 parties)

1901 — Te Kolste, Jan Willem vs Exner Victor — 0-1 — Haarlem NED
1901 — Te Kolste, Jan Willem vs Meiners, W B H — 0-1 — Haarlem NED
1903 — Marchand, Max vs Schelfhout, Willem — 0-1 — Monte Carlo MNC
1905 — Schories, Georg vs Blejkmans D — 1-0 — Scheveningen NED
1909 — Lasker Md Nazmul, Islam vs Janowski, Arkadiusz — 1-0 — Paris FRA

8…Nd7 — 20.7% (101 parties)

1902 — Teichmann, Richard vs Tartakower, Savielly — 1/2-1/2 — Monte Carlo MNC
1903 — Teichmann, Radek vs D Marco, Gianni — 1-0 — Monte Carlo MNC
1904 — Schories, Georg vs Leonhardt, Paul — 1-0 — London ENG
1904 — Lawrence, Thomas F vs Janowski, Dawid — 0-1 — Cambridge Springs
1904 — Pillsbury, Harry vs Schlechter, Carl — 1/2-1/2 — Cambridge

8…Bg4 — 3.5% (17 parties)

1956 — Runge Berthold vs Ehlert, Jochen — 1-0 — Zittau
1984 — Kraft, Chip vs Swathell, Gary D — 1-0 — Plymouth ch-MI op
1986 — Pachtas, Chaideftos vs Brattstrom Nilsson, Adam — 0-1 — corr ch-SF
1988 — Cuijpers, Frans Andre vs Roos, Jean-Luc — 1-0 — Baden-Baden op
1994 — Purkey, L. vs Moore, Rafe — 1-0 — Detroit ch-MI clsB

8…Bb7 — 0.2% (1 parties)

2005 — Komarica, Borut vs Kozarski, Aleksander — 1-0 — ICCF

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