Structure de pions

	♔ Blancs	♚ Noirs
Pions doublés	—	—
Pions isolés	—	—
Arriérés	—	—
Chaînes	● b2→c3	● a6→b5
Passés	—	—
Majorité	—	—

Cases

	♔ Blancs	♚ Noirs
Cases fortes	● d4 (2v1)	● c5 (2v0), ● g5 (2v1)
Cases faibles	● c4	—
Centre	● d4 (2v1), ● e4 (2v1)	● d5 (2v1)

Colonnes et diagonales

	♔ Blancs	♚ Noirs
Semi-ouvertes	● d	● e

Pièces

	♔ Blancs	♚ Noirs
Bc1	● Bc1 Non développé (mob. 0)
Bb3	● Bb3 Actif (mob. 5)
Be6		● Be6 Actif (mob. 5)
Be7		● Be7 Actif (mob. 7)
Paire de fous	● Oui	● Oui
Non développées	2 (● c1, ● a1)	1 (● a8)

Sécurité du roi

	♔ Blancs	♚ Noirs
Statut	● Roqué	● Roqué
Droits de roque	—	—

Thèmes

	♔ Blancs	♚ Noirs
Phase	Ouverture
Centre	mobile
Ruptures	● c3-c4	● …d5-d4, ● …f7-f6

C83g — Spanish: Open, Classical, Malkin Variation

1.e4 e5 2.Nf3 Nc6 3.Bb5 a6 4.Ba4 Nf6 5.O-O Nxe4 6.d4 b5 7.Bb3 d5 8.dxe5 Be6 9.c3 Be7 10.Nbd2 O-O 11.Qe2 * ● Trait aux Noirs

Ouverture — Centre mobile

♔ Point de vue Blancs

8 7 6 5 4 3 2 1

abcdefgh

Plan principal. Centraliser les pièces (Nd4 dans 55 % des parties).

Atouts. Les Blancs s'appuient sur un contrôle dominant de d4, un fou actif en b3 et la colonne semi-ouverte d.

En contrepartie. Plusieurs pièces dorment encore (le fou c1 et la tour a1).

Plans. Nd4 (Cavalier centralisé en d4 — 55 % des parties) ; Bc2 (Fou actif (mobilité 6) — 22 % des parties) ; Rd1 (Tour sur colonne semi-ouverte d — 7 % des parties).

♚ Point de vue Noirs

1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8

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Plan principal. Jeu au centre (rupture d5-d4).

Atouts. Les Noirs s'appuient sur un contrôle dominant de c5 et g5, des fous actifs en e6 et e7 et la colonne semi-ouverte e.

Côté adverse. Un mauvais fou en c1.

Plans. ...Nc5 (Cavalier actif en c5 — 72 % des parties) ; ...Nxd2 (Menace f1 — 14 % des parties) ; ...Bf5 (Fou actif (mobilité 6) — 12 % des parties).

Avantages

Faiblesses

Diagonale active

Plans

Partie
1922 London – Round 1 – Znosko-Borovsky, Eugene – 1-0 – Wahltuch, Victor – G2 1. e4 e5 2. Nf3 Nc6 3. Bb5 a6 4. Ba4 Nf6 5. O-O Nxe4 6. d4 b5 7. Bb3 d5 8. dxe5 Be6 9. c3 Be7 10. Nbd2 O-O
1924 Weston – Round 3 – Thomas, George Alan – 1-0 – Blake, Joseph – G7 1. e4 e5 2. Nf3 Nc6 3. Bb5 a6 4. Ba4 Nf6 5. O-O Nxe4 6. d4 b5 7. Bb3 d5 8. dxe5 Be6 9. c3 Be7 10. Nbd2 O-O
1934 Leningrad – Round ? – Botvinnik, Mikhail – 1/2-1/2 – Euwe, Max – G69 1. e4 e5 2. Nf3 Nc6 3. Bb5 a6 4. Ba4 Nf6 5. O-O Nxe4 6. d4 b5 7. Bb3 d5 8. dxe5 Be6 9. c3 Be7 10. Nbd2 O-O
1936 Trebitsch Memorial 19th – Round 3 – ? – 0-1 – Michel, Paul – G5 1. e4 e5 2. Nf3 Nc6 3. Bb5 a6 4. Ba4 Nf6 5. O-O Nxe4 6. d4 b5 7. Bb3 d5 8. dxe5 Be6 9. c3 Be7 10. Nbd2 O-O
1937 Bad Saarow – Round 2 – Kuppe, Wilhelm – 1-0 – Michel, Paul – G7 1. e4 e5 2. Nf3 Nc6 3. Bb5 a6 4. Ba4 Nf6 5. O-O Nxe4 6. d4 b5 7. Bb3 d5 8. dxe5 Be6 9. c3 Be7 10. Nbd2 O-O
1938 Amsterdam (NED-ch10) - Round 4 - Van den Bosch, Johannes - 1-0 - Van Doesburgh, Gerrit - G4 1. e4 e5 2. Nf3 Nc6 3. Bb5 a6 4. Ba4 Nf6 5. O-O Nxe4 6. d4 b5 7. Bb3 d5 8. dxe5 Be6 9. c3 Be7 10. Nbd2 O-O
1938 Brighton, Royal Pavilion (GBR Ch 31st) - Round 6 - Alexander, Conol Hugh - 1-0 - Lenton, Alfred - G17 1. e4 e5 2. Nf3 Nc6 3. Bb5 a6 4. Ba4 Nf6 5. O-O Nxe4 6. d4 b5 7. Bb3 d5 8. dxe5 Be6 9. c3 Be7 10. Qe2 O-O
1939 Amsterdam KNSB – Round 3 – Szabo, Laszlo – 1-0 – Cortlever, Nico – G8 1. e4 e5 2. Nf3 Nc6 3. Bb5 a6 4. Ba4 Nf6 5. O-O Nxe4 6. d4 b5 7. Bb3 d5 8. dxe5 Be6 9. c3 Be7 10. Nbd2 O-O
1940 New York (USA Ch) - Round 3 - Pinkus, Albert - 1/2-1/2 - Fine, Reuben - G2 1. e4 e5 2. Nf3 Nc6 3. Bb5 a6 4. Ba4 Nf6 5. O-O Nxe4 6. d4 b5 7. Bb3 d5 8. dxe5 Be6 9. c3 Be7 10. Nbd2 O-O
1940 New York (USA Ch) - Round 5 - Pinkus, Albert - 1-0 - Simonson, Albert - G6 1. e4 e5 2. Nf3 Nc6 3. Bb5 a6 4. Ba4 Nf6 5. O-O Nxe4 6. d4 b5 7. Bb3 d5 8. dxe5 Be6 9. c3 Be7 10. Nbd2 O-O
1941 Ventnor City – Round 1 – Donovan, Jeremiah – 0-1 – Pinkus, Albert – G3 1. e4 e5 2. Nf3 Nc6 3. Bb5 a6 4. Ba4 Nf6 5. O-O Nxe4 6. d4 b5 7. Bb3 d5 8. dxe5 Be6 9. c3 Be7 10. Nbd2 O-O
1944 Mar del Plata – Round 10 – Reed, E Payton – 1/2-1/2 – Maderna, Carlos – G82 1. e4 e5 2. Nf3 Nc6 3. Bb5 a6 4. Ba4 Nf6 5. O-O Nxe4 6. d4 b5 7. Bb3 d5 8. dxe5 Be6 9. c3 Be7 10. Nbd2 O-O
1945 Pan American – Round ? – Rossetto, Hector – 1/2-1/2 – Araiza Munoz, Jose Joaquin – G63 1. e4 e5 2. Nf3 Nc6 3. Bb5 a6 4. Ba4 Nf6 5. O-O Nxe4 6. d4 b5 7. Bb3 d5 8. dxe5 Be6 9. c3 Be7 10. Nbd2 O-O
1946 Barcelona – Round 6 – Yanofsky, Daniel Abraham – 1-0 – Medina-Garcia, Antonio – G40 1. e4 e5 2. Nf3 Nc6 3. Bb5 a6 4. Ba4 Nf6 5. O-O Nxe4 6. d4 b5 7. Bb3 d5 8. dxe5 Be6 9. c3 Be7 10. Nbd2 O-O
1946 Hastings4647 – Round 9 – Yanofsky, Daniel Abraham – 1/2-1/2 – Abrahams, Gerald – G41 1. e4 e5 2. Nf3 Nc6 3. Bb5 a6 4. Ba4 Nf6 5. O-O Nxe4 6. d4 b5 7. Bb3 d5 8. dxe5 Be6 9. c3 Be7 10. Nbd2 O-O
1946 Staunton, Groningen NED – Round 6 – Botvinnik, Mikhail – 1/2-1/2 – Denker, Arnold S – G19 1. e4 e5 2. Nf3 Nc6 3. Bb5 a6 4. Ba4 Nf6 5. O-O Nxe4 6. d4 b5 7. Bb3 d5 8. dxe5 Be6 9. c3 Be7 10. Nbd2 O-O
1947 Yugoslavia Ch – Round 10 – Gligoric, Svetozar – 1/2-1/2 – Bozic, Aleksandar – G50 1. e4 e5 2. Nf3 Nc6 3. Bb5 a6 4. Ba4 Nf6 5. O-O Nxe4 6. d4 b5 7. Bb3 d5 8. dxe5 Be6 9. c3 Be7 10. Nbd2 O-O
1948 London, Bonnington Hall (GBR-NED match) - Round 2.1 - Broadbent, Reginald - 1/2-1/2 - Euwe, Max - G9 1. e4 e5 2. Nf3 Nc6 3. Bb5 a6 4. Ba4 Nf6 5. O-O Nxe4 6. d4 b5 7. Bb3 d5 8. dxe5 Be6 9. c3 Be7 10. Qe2 O-O
1951 Moscow (URS-ch19) - Round ? - Keres, Paul - 1/2-1/2 - Averbakh, Yuri L - G8 1. e4 e5 2. Nf3 Nc6 3. Bb5 a6 4. Ba4 Nf6 5. O-O Nxe4 6. d4 b5 7. Bb3 d5 8. dxe5 Be6 9. c3 Be7 10. Nbd2 O-O
1951 Zonal – Round 8 – Kramer, Haije – 1/2-1/2 – Unzicker, Wolfgang – G20 1. e4 e5 2. Nf3 Nc6 3. Bb5 a6 4. Ba4 Nf6 5. O-O Nxe4 6. d4 b5 7. Bb3 d5 8. dxe5 Be6 9. c3 Be7 10. Nbd2 O-O
1954 URS-chTJ Coop – Round ? – Aronin, Lev – 1/2-1/2 – Korchnoi, Viktor – G25 1. e4 e5 2. Nf3 Nc6 3. Bb5 a6 4. Ba4 Nf6 5. O-O Nxe4 6. d4 b5 7. Bb3 d5 8. dxe5 Be6 9. c3 Be7 10. Nbd2 O-O
1955 Novi Sad (JUG Ch) - Round 11 - Janosevic, Dragoljub - 1-0 - Lukic, Arsenije - G13 1. e4 e5 2. Nf3 Nc6 3. Bb5 a6 4. Ba4 Nf6 5. O-O Nxe4 6. d4 b5 7. Bb3 d5 8. dxe5 Be6 9. c3 Be7 10. Nbd2 O-O
1955 URSS (URS Ch sf) - Round ? - Tal, Mikhail - 0-1 - Korchnoi, Viktor - G159 1. e4 e5 2. Nf3 Nc6 3. Bb5 a6 4. Ba4 Nf6 5. O-O Nxe4 6. d4 b5 7. Bb3 d5 8. dxe5 Be6 9. c3 Be7 10. Nbd2 O-O
1956 Blackpool/ Lancashire (BCF Ch) - Round 3 - Sergeant, Edward - 1-0 - Whyld, Kenneth - G6 1. e4 e5 2. Nf3 Nc6 3. Bb5 a6 4. Ba4 Nf6 5. O-O Nxe4 6. d4 b5 7. Bb3 d5 8. dxe5 Be6 9. c3 Be7 10. Nbd2 O-O
1956 Moscow olm fin-A – Round 10 – Niephaus, Walter – 1/2-1/2 – Wade, Robert G – G174 1. e4 e5 2. Nf3 Nc6 3. Bb5 a6 4. Ba4 Nf6 5. O-O Nxe4 6. d4 b5 7. Bb3 d5 8. dxe5 Be6 9. c3 Be7 10. Nbd2 O-O
1956 Tchécoslovaquie (CSR Ch sf) - Round 13 - Weiner, Milan - 0-1 - Jezek, Stanislav - G63 1. e4 e5 2. Nf3 Nc6 3. Bb5 a6 4. Ba4 Nf6 5. O-O Nxe4 6. d4 b5 7. Bb3 d5 8. dxe5 Be6 9. c3 Be7 10. Nbd2 O-O
1957 Ruhla (DDR Ch U18) - Round 17 - Hennings, Artur - 1/2-1/2 - Wejnar, Franz - G32 1. e4 e5 2. Nf3 Nc6 3. Bb5 a6 4. Ba4 Nf6 5. O-O Nxe4 6. d4 b5 7. Bb3 d5 8. dxe5 Be6 9. c3 Be7 10. Nbd2 O-O
1957 Santiago – Round ? – Keres, Paul – 1-0 – Gordon, Bernardo – G23 1. e4 e5 2. Nf3 Nc6 3. Bb5 a6 4. Ba4 Nf6 5. O-O Nxe4 6. d4 b5 7. Bb3 d5 8. dxe5 Be6 9. c3 Be7 10. Nbd2 O-O
1957 Santiago – Round 1 – Keres, Paul – 1-0 – Abrahams Gordon, Francisco Tomas – G17 1. e4 e5 2. Nf3 Nc6 3. Bb5 a6 4. Ba4 Nf6 5. O-O b5 6. Bb3 Nxe4 7. d4 d5 8. dxe5 Be6 9. c3 Be7 10. Nbd2 O-O
1959 Clare Benedict Cup 06th – Round 5.3 – Stoeckl, Ernst – 1-0 – Cortlever, Nico – G40 1. e4 e5 2. Nf3 Nc6 3. Bb5 a6 4. Ba4 Nf6 5. O-O Nxe4 6. d4 b5 7. Bb3 d5 8. dxe5 Be6 9. c3 Be7 10. Nbd2 O-O
1960 Kiev (UKR Ch) - Round 3 - Sakharov, Yuri N - 1-0 - Olifer, Alexandr V - G19 1. e4 e5 2. Nf3 Nc6 3. Bb5 a6 4. Ba4 Nf6 5. O-O Nxe4 6. d4 b5 7. Bb3 d5 8. dxe5 Be6 9. c3 Be7 10. Nbd2 O-O
1961 Kosice (CSR Ch) - Round 6 - Marsalek, Josef - 1-0 - Florian, Jaromir - G59 1. e4 e5 2. Nf3 Nc6 3. Bb5 a6 4. Ba4 Nf6 5. O-O Nxe4 6. d4 b5 7. Bb3 d5 8. dxe5 Be6 9. c3 Be7 10. Nbd2 O-O
1963 Halle zt – Round ? – Ivkov, Borislav – 1-0 – Donner, Jan-Hein – G161 1. e4 e5 2. Nf3 Nc6 3. Bb5 a6 4. Ba4 Nf6 5. O-O Nxe4 6. d4 b5 7. Bb3 d5 8. dxe5 Be6 9. Qe2 Be7 10. c3 O-O
1964 Tel Aviv olm prel – Round 3 – Unzicker, Wolfgang – 1-0 – Almendras Pena, Gabriel Omar – G110 1. e4 e5 2. Nf3 Nc6 3. Bb5 a6 4. Ba4 Nf6 5. O-O Nxe4 6. d4 b5 7. Bb3 d5 8. dxe5 Be6 9. c3 Be7 10. Nbd2 O-O
1966 Rzeszow ch POL – Round 4 – Filipowicz, Andrzej – 1/2-1/2 – Sydor, Andrzej – G25 1. e4 e5 2. Nf3 Nc6 3. Bb5 a6 4. Ba4 Nf6 5. O-O Nxe4 6. d4 b5 7. Bb3 d5 8. dxe5 Be6 9. Qe2 Be7 10. c3 O-O
1968 Correspondance (Wch7 sf2 corr) - Round ? - Salm, Maxwell - 1-0 - Holscher, H.G.J. - G8 1. e4 e5 2. Nf3 Nc6 3. Bb5 a6 4. Ba4 Nf6 5. O-O Nxe4 6. d4 b5 7. Bb3 d5 8. dxe5 Be6 9. c3 Be7 10. Nbd2 O-O
1969 Rubinstein Memorial – Round 2 – Barczay, Laszlo – 1/2-1/2 – Sydor, Andrzej – G27 1. e4 e5 2. Nf3 Nc6 3. Bb5 a6 4. Ba4 Nf6 5. O-O Nxe4 6. d4 b5 7. Bb3 d5 8. dxe5 Be6 9. c3 Be7 10. Nbd2 O-O
Amber Blindfold 2006 – Round 6 – Anand, Viswanathan – 1-0 – Leko, Peter – G22 1. e4 e5 2. Nf3 Nc6 3. Bb5 a6 4. Ba4 Nf6 5. O-O Nxe4 6. d4 b5 7. Bb3 d5 8. dxe5 Be6 9. Nbd2 Be7 10. c3 O-O

C83g — Open, Malkin Variation (1922)

1.e4 e5 2.Nf3 Nc6 3.Bb5 a6 4.Ba4 Nf6 5.O-O Nxe4 6.d4 b5 7.Bb3 d5 8.dxe5 Be6 9.c3 Be7 10.Nbd2 O-O 11.Qe2

Les coups candidats

11…Nc5 — 72.0% (157 parties)

Ambassadeurs : Unzicker, Ferdinand, Dr. (4x), Bjuhr, Arne (3x), Eken, Max (2x), Keres, Paul Petrovich (2x), Averbakh, Yuri L (2x), Axelsson, Rolf (2x), Averby, Rune (2x), Weiner, Milan (1x)

11…Nxd2 — 14.2% (31 parties)

Ambassadeurs : Salm, Maxwell (2x), Minev, Nikolay N (2x), Korchnoi, Viktor (2x), Langeweg, Kick (2x), Hilscher, Gottfried (1x), Luginbuhl, Erwin (1x), Luginbuehl, Andreas (1x), Sergeant, Edward (1x)

11…Bf5 — 11.9% (26 parties)

Ambassadeurs : Ernst, Sipke (3x), Sydor, Andrzej (2x), Celli, Alessandro (2x), Kuuse, Klaus (2x), Lubson, Paul (2x), Barczay, Laszlo (1x), Van Seters, Frits (1x), Tonoli, Jose (1x)

11…Na5 — 1.8% (4 parties)

Ambassadeurs : Keres, Paul (2x), Gordon, Ben (1x), Gordon, Bernardo (1x), Vasiukov, Evgeni (1x), Bukic, Enver (1x), Wutz, Christoph (1x), Finster, Michael (1x)

Analyse statistique des coups candidats

Répartition par niveau Elo (% des parties)

Tranche Elo	N parties	11…Nc5	11…Nxd2	11…Bf5	11…Na5
<1800	5	100%	—	—	—
1800-2200	52	67%	12%	17%	4%
2200-2600	46	67%	13%	20%	—
2600+	10	80%	20%	—	—

Évolution par décennie (% des parties)

Décennie	N parties	11…Nc5	11…Nxd2	11…Bf5	11…Na5
1950s	20	60%	25%	—	15%
1960s	24	58%	33%	8%	—
1970s	22	86%	9%	5%	—
1980s	31	74%	10%	16%	—
1990s	37	68%	14%	19%	—
2000s	50	74%	10%	16%	—
2010s	26	81%	4%	12%	4%
2020s	8	75%	25%	—	—

Tendances récentes (2010s → 2020s)

Coup	2010s	2020s	Δ
11…Nc5	81%	75%	▼ -5.8%
11…Nxd2	4%	25%	▲ +21.2%
11…Bf5	12%	0%	▼ -11.5%
11…Na5	4%	0%	▼ -3.8%

Joueurs célèbres

Champions du monde dans cette position

Anand, Viswanathan — 2 parties
Tal, Mikhail — 1 partie
Carlsen, Magnus — 1 partie
Karpov, Anatoly — 1 partie

Parties historiques

11…Nc5 — 72.0% (157 parties)

1950 — Pinson, Alexis vs Carlsson, Anders — 1/2-1/2 — corr ol
1951 — Kramer, Haije vs Unzicker, Ferdinand, Dr. — 1/2-1/2 — Bad Pyrmont GER
1951 — Keres, Paul vs Averbakh, Yuri L — 1/2-1/2 — Moscow RUS
1951 — Keres, Paul Petrovich vs Averbakh, Yuri L — 1/2-1/2 — Moscow Moscow RUS
1955 — Janosevic, Dragoljub vs Lukic, Arsenije — 1-0 — Novi Sad SRB

11…Nxd2 — 14.2% (31 parties)

1952 — Smith, JT. vs Hume, KA. — 0-1 — Bolton
1953 — Salm, Maxwell vs Pinkus, Arthur — 1/2-1/2 — Wch2 prel-F corr
1954 — Aronin, Lev vs Korchnoi, Viktor — 1/2-1/2 — Riga LAT
1955 — Tal, Mikhail vs Korchnoi, Viktor — 0-1 — Riga LAT
1956 — Sergeant, Edward vs Whyld, Kenneth — 1-0 — Blackpool/ Lancashire

11…Bf5 — 11.9% (26 parties)

1968 — Van Seters, Frits vs Tonoli, Jose — 1/2-1/2 — Brussels BEL
1969 — Barczay, Laszlo vs Sydor, Andrzej — 1/2-1/2 — Polanica Zdroj POL
1970 — Filep, Tibor vs Sydor, Andrzej — 1/2-1/2 — Debrecen HUN
1980 — Bezeg, Juraj vs Cervenka, Imrich — 1/2-1/2 — Trnava SVK
1980 — Ardiansyah, Haji vs Passerotti, Pierluigi — 1/2-1/2 — La Valetta MLT

11…Na5 — 1.8% (4 parties)

1956 — Vasiukov, Evgeni vs Bukic, Enver — 1-0 — Helsinki FIN
1957 — Keres, Paul vs Gordon, Ben — 1-0 — Santiago CHI
1957 — Keres, Paul vs Gordon, Bernardo — 1-0 — Santiago CHI
2017 — Wutz, Christoph vs Finster, Michael — 0-1 — Bayern