C61f — Spanish: Bird’s, Paulsen Variation

1.e4 e5 2.Nf3 Nc6 3.Bb5 Nd4 4.Nxd4 exd4 5.O-O Ne7 * ○ Trait aux Blancs

Ouverture — Centre mobile

♔ Point de vue Blancs

8 7 6 5 4 3 2 1

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Plans. d3 (Solidifier le centre — 57 % des parties) ; c3 (Renforcer le centre — 24 % des parties) ; Re1 (9 % des parties) ; Bc4 (Fou actif (mobilité 8) — 5 % des parties).

♚ Point de vue Noirs

1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8

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Plans. ...g6 (Préparer le fianchetto — 28 % des parties) ; ...Nc6 (27 % des parties) ; ...c6 (Renforcer le centre — 25 % des parties) ; ...Ng6 (9 % des parties) ; ...a6 (Préparer expansion aile dame — 7 % des parties).

Avantages

Faiblesses

Diagonale active

Plans

Structure de pions

	♔ Blancs	♚ Noirs
Pions doublés	—	● d4, ● d7
Pions isolés	—	—
Arriérés	—	—
Chaînes	—	—
Passés	—	—
Majorité	—	—

Cases

	♔ Blancs	♚ Noirs
Cases fortes	—	—
Cases faibles	—	—
Centre	—	—

Colonnes et diagonales

	♔ Blancs	♚ Noirs
Semi-ouvertes	—	● e

Pièces

	♔ Blancs	♚ Noirs
Bc1	● Bc1 Non développé (mob. 0)
Bb5	● Bb5 Actif (mob. 7)
Bc8		● Bc8 Non développé (mob. 0)
Bf8		● Bf8 Non développé (mob. 0)
Paire de fous	● Oui	● Oui
Clouages	—	● pawn d7
Non développées	3 (● b1, ● c1, ● a1)	4 (● c8, ● f8, ● a8, ● h8)

Sécurité du roi

	♔ Blancs	♚ Noirs
Statut	● Roqué	● Au centre
Droits de roque	—	O-O / O-O-O

Thèmes

	♔ Blancs	♚ Noirs
Phase	Ouverture
Centre	mobile
Ruptures	● c2-c3	● …d4-d3, ● …d7-d5, ● …f7-f5

Partie
1910 BCF Ch 7th – Round 4 – Colman, Eugene Ernest – 1/2-1/2 – Blackburne, Joseph – G8 1. e4 e5 2. Nf3 Nc6 3. Bb5 Nd4 4. Nxd4 exd4 5. O-O Ne7 6. d3 Nc6 7. Bf4 d6 8. Nd2 a6 9. Bxc6+ bxc6 10. Qf3 g5
1944 Moskou ch-URS – Round 1 – Smyslov, Vladimir – 1/2-1/2 – Bronstein, David I – G78 1. e4 e5 2. Nf3 Nc6 3. Bb5 Nd4 4. Nxd4 exd4 5. O-O Ne7 6. Re1 g6 7. c3 Nc6 8. b3 Bg7 9. Bb2 O-O 10. Na3 d5
1946 London-A – Round 1 – Broadbent, Reginald – 0-1 – Prins, Laura – G3 1. e4 e5 2. Nf3 Nc6 3. Bb5 Nd4 4. Nxd4 exd4 5. O-O Ne7 6. d3 c6 7. Bc4 d5 8. exd5 Nxd5 9. Nd2 Be7 10. Qh5 O-O
1946 Mar del Plata – Round 13 – Michel, Pascal – 1/2-1/2 – Pilnik, Herman – G120 1. e4 e5 2. Nf3 Nc6 3. Bb5 Nd4 4. Nxd4 exd4 5. O-O Ne7 6. d3 c6 7. Bc4 d5 8. exd5 Nxd5 9. Re1+ Be6 10. Nd2 Be7
1948 Karlovy Vary – Round 9 – Stulik, Vlastimil – 1/2-1/2 – Prins, Laura – G96 1. e4 e5 2. Nf3 Nc6 3. Bb5 Nd4 4. Nxd4 exd4 5. O-O Ne7 6. d3 c6 7. Ba4 d5 8. exd5 Nxd5 9. Re1+ Be7 10. c4 dxc3
1948 Saltsjobaden Interzonal – Round 16 – Steiner, Lajos – 0-1 – Trifunovic, Petar – G148 1. e4 e5 2. Nf3 Nc6 3. Bb5 Nd4 4. Nxd4 exd4 5. O-O Ne7 6. c3 Nc6 7. d3 Be7 8. Nd2 O-O 9. f4 d5 10. e5 f6
1950 Schiavno Zdroj – Round 1 – Averbakh, Yuri L – 1/2-1/2 – Barcza, Gedeon – G93 1. e4 e5 2. Nf3 Nc6 3. Bb5 Nd4 4. Nxd4 exd4 5. O-O Ne7 6. d3 Nc6 7. f4 Be7 8. Nd2 a6 9. Bc4 O-O 10. Nf3 d6
1951 Simul Prins clock – Round ? – Borochow, Harry – 1-0 – Prins, Lodewijk – G8 1. e4 e5 2. Nf3 Nc6 3. Bb5 Nd4 4. Nxd4 exd4 5. O-O Ne7 6. d3 c6 7. Ba4 d5 8. Nd2 Qa5 9. Bb3 Be6 10. f4 g6
1952 Hungary Ch – Round 2 – Barcza, Gedeon – 1-0 – Koberl, Ferenc – G11 1. e4 e5 2. Nf3 Nc6 3. Bb5 Nd4 4. Nxd4 exd4 5. O-O Ne7 6. Qh5 Nc6 7. Qd5 a6 8. Ba4 Be7 9. c3 O-O 10. d3 Bf6
1952 URS Ch sf – Round ? – Levenfish, Grigory – 0-1 – Goldberg, Grigory A – G12 1. e4 e5 2. Nf3 Nc6 3. Bb5 Nd4 4. Nxd4 exd4 5. O-O Ne7 6. d3 c6 7. Bc4 d5 8. Bb3 Be6 9. Bg5 Qd7 10. f4 f6
1952 Vienna 5253 – Round 6 – Rellstab, Ludwig Sr – 1-0 – Kopetzky, K – G3 1. e4 e5 2. Nf3 Nc6 3. Bb5 Nd4 4. Nxd4 exd4 5. O-O Ne7 6. d3 Nc6 7. Nd2 g6 8. f4 Bg7 9. Nf3 O-O 10. Bd2 d6
1954 Olympiad final B – Round 1 – Vestol, Aage – 1-0 – Thiellement, Andre – G42 1. e4 e5 2. Nf3 Nc6 3. Bb5 Nd4 4. Nxd4 exd4 5. O-O Ne7 6. d3 c6 7. Bc4 d5 8. Bb3 Be6 9. f4 g6 10. Qe2 dxe4
1955 Moscow Ch – Round 12 – Vasiukov, Evgeni – 1-0 – Goldberg, Grigory A – G76 1. e4 e5 2. Nf3 Nc6 3. Bb5 Nd4 4. Nxd4 exd4 5. O-O Ne7 6. d3 g6 7. Bg5 Bg7 8. Nd2 h6 9. Bh4 c6 10. Bc4 g5
1955 Moscow Ch – Round 5 – Lebedev, Boris – 1-0 – Goldberg, Grigory A – G33 1. e4 e5 2. Nf3 Nc6 3. Bb5 Nd4 4. Nxd4 exd4 5. O-O Ne7 6. Be2 d5 7. e5 g6 8. d3 Bg7 9. f4 h5 10. Nd2 O-O
1956 URS Ch sf – Round ? – Khasin, Abram – 0-1 – Goldberg, Grigory A – G101 1. e4 e5 2. Nf3 Nc6 3. Bb5 Nd4 4. Nxd4 exd4 5. O-O Ne7 6. Bc4 Nc6 7. f4 Be7 8. d3 O-O 9. Qh5 d6 10. Rf3 g6
1957 Leningrad Ch – Round 4 – Suetin, Alexey S – 1/2-1/2 – Ragozin, Viacheslav – G32 1. e4 e5 2. Nf3 Nc6 3. Bb5 Nd4 4. Nxd4 exd4 5. O-O Ne7 6. d3 g6 7. Bg5 Bg7 8. Qf3 O-O 9. Bc4 d6 10. Nd2 Qe8
1957 URS Ch, semi final – Round 17 – Bonch-Osmolovsky, Mikhail – 1-0 – Goldberg, Grigory A – G156 1. e4 e5 2. Nf3 Nc6 3. Bb5 Nd4 4. Nxd4 exd4 5. O-O Ne7 6. Bc4 Nc6 7. d3 d6 8. c3 Be7 9. cxd4 Nxd4 10. Be3 Ne6
1961 Moscow Ch – Round ? – Khasin, Abram – 1/2-1/2 – Goldberg, Grigory A – G97 1. e4 e5 2. Nf3 Nc6 3. Bb5 Nd4 4. Nxd4 exd4 5. O-O Ne7 6. d3 g6 7. f4 c6 8. Bc4 d5 9. Bb3 h5 10. Qe1 Bg7
1961 Moscow Ch – Round ? – Korzin, Vitaly A – 1/2-1/2 – Goldberg, Grigory A – G98 1. e4 e5 2. Nf3 Nc6 3. Bb5 Nd4 4. Nxd4 exd4 5. O-O Ne7 6. d3 g6 7. f4 c6 8. Ba4 Bg7 9. f5 gxf5 10. exf5 Bf6
1962 Varna olm – Round 3 – Petrosian, Tigran A. – 1-0 – Suer, Nevzat – G142 1. e4 e5 2. Nf3 Nc6 3. Bb5 Nd4 4. Nxd4 exd4 5. O-O Ne7 6. d3 c6 7. Ba4 d5 8. Nd2 dxe4 9. Nxe4 Nf5 10. Bb3 Be7
1966 Helsinki – Round 3 – Schmid, Lothar – 1-0 – Henneberke, Frans – G15 1. e4 e5 2. Nf3 Nc6 3. Bb5 Nd4 4. Nxd4 exd4 5. O-O Ne7 6. c3 Nc6 7. d3 Be7 8. Nd2 O-O 9. f4 f5 10. Nf3 dxc3

C61f — Bird Variation, Paulsen Variation (1910)

1.e4 e5 2.Nf3 Nc6 3.Bb5 Nd4 4.Nxd4 exd4 5.O-O Ne7

Les coups candidats

6.d3 — 57.4% (66 parties)

Ambassadeurs : Goldberg, Grigory A (4x), Vladimirov, Yevgeniy (3x), Vasiukov, Evgeni (2x), Fridstein, Grigory (2x), Khasin, Abram (2x), Byvshev, Vasily (1x), Korzin, Vitaly A (1x), Johansson, Martin 1979 (1x)

6.c3 — 23.5% (27 parties)

Ambassadeurs : Fridstein, Grigory (3x), Ragozin, Viacheslav (2x), Fridstein, German (2x), Turci, Stefano (2x), Dubinin, Peter (1x), Alesin, V (1x), Zurakhov, Vladlen Y (1x), Naselli, Adriano (1x)

6.Re1 — 8.7% (10 parties)

Ambassadeurs : Rudenko, Ludmila (1x), Rubinchik, Leonid (1x), Panov, Aleksandr (1x), Goldberg, Gavriel (1x), Gaspariants, Garry (1x), Khachaturov, Andrey Andreevich (1x), Beilin, Mikhail (1x), Gusev, Yuri S (1x)

6.Bc4 — 5.2% (6 parties)

Ambassadeurs : Bonch-Osmolovsky, Mikhail (1x), Goldberg, Grigory (1x), Khasin, Abram (1x), Goldberg, Grigory A (1x), Pinho, Joaquim Brandao (1x), Hoge, Heinz (1x), Zanin, Dario (1x), Klein, Rafael (1x)

Analyse statistique des coups candidats

Répartition par niveau Elo (% des parties)

Tranche Elo	N parties	6.d3	6.c3	6.Re1	6.Bc4
<1800	2	50%	50%	—	—
1800-2200	30	53%	20%	10%	7%
2200-2600	26	69%	19%	8%	—
2600+	2	50%	—	—	50%

Évolution par décennie (% des parties)

Décennie	N parties	6.d3	6.c3	6.Re1	6.Bc4
1950s	28	46%	29%	11%	7%
1960s	9	67%	22%	11%	—
1970s	6	50%	33%	17%	—
1980s	17	65%	24%	—	—
1990s	15	60%	13%	—	20%
2000s	15	33%	40%	20%	—
2010s	18	72%	17%	11%	—
2020s	7	86%	—	—	14%

Tendances récentes (2010s → 2020s)

Coup	2010s	2020s	Δ
6.d3	72%	86%	▲ +13.5%
6.c3	17%	0%	▼ -16.7%
6.Re1	11%	0%	▼ -11.1%
6.Bc4	0%	14%	▲ +14.3%

Parties historiques

6.d3 — 57.4% (66 parties)

1950 — Averbakh, Yuri L vs Anay Barche — 1/2-1/2 — Schiavno Zdroj
1950 — Ronean, J. vs Kelsey, Al — 1-0 — Edmonton CAN
1951 — Borochow, Harry vs Prins, Lodewijk — 1-0 — Hollywood, CA
1952 — Levenfish, Grigory vs Goldberg, Grigory A — 0-1 — Sochi RUS
1952 — Kofman, Abram R vs Khasin, Abram — 0-1 — URS ch qf

6.c3 — 23.5% (27 parties)

1952 — Zurakhov, Vladlen Y vs Fridstein, Grigory — 0-1 — Moskou
1954 — Dubinin, Peter vs Alesin, V — 1-0 — Moscow RUS
1956 — Moiseev, Oleg vs Fridstein, German — 1-0 — Leningrad RUS
1957 — Ragozin, Viacheslav vs Fridstein, German — 0-1 — Moscow ch Petrel
1957 — Ragozin, Viacheslav vs Fridstein, Grigory — 0-1 — Moscow RUS

6.Re1 — 8.7% (10 parties)

1952 — Panov, Aleksandr vs Goldberg, Gavriel — 1-0 — Odessa UKR
1952 — Beilin, Mikhail vs Gusev, Yuri S — 1-0 — Moscow RUS
1954 — Rudenko, Ludmila vs Rubinchik, Leonid — 1-0 — Riga LAT
1968 — Gaspariants, Garry vs Khachaturov, Andrey Andreevich — 1/2-1/2 — Moscow RUS
1977 — Schussler, Harry vs Vladimirov, Yevgeniy — 1/2-1/2 — Groningen NED

6.Bc4 — 5.2% (6 parties)

1956 — Khasin, Abram vs Goldberg, Grigory A — 0-1 — Leningrad RUS
1957 — Bonch-Osmolovsky, Mikhail vs Goldberg, Grigory — 1-0 — Kiev UKR
1994 — Zanin, Dario vs Klein, Rafael — 1-0 — Val Thorens FRA
1997 — Pinho, Joaquim Brandao vs Hoge, Heinz — 1-0 — ?
1999 — Patzer, Joachim vs ZZZZZZ — 1-0 — Leiden NED

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