C48r — Four Knights: Rubinstein, 5.Ba4 Bc5 6.Nxe5

1.e4 e5 2.Nf3 Nc6 3.Nc3 Nf6 4.Bb5 Nd4 5.Ba4 Bc5 6.Nxe5 * ● Trait aux Noirs

Ouverture — Centre mobile

♔ Point de vue Blancs

8 7 6 5 4 3 2 1

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Plan principal. Jeu au centre.

Atouts. Les Blancs s'appuient sur un contrôle dominant de g4, b5 et d5 et un fou actif en a4.

Côté adverse. Un mauvais fou en c8 et le roi resté au centre.

En contrepartie. Le roi n'est pas encore à l'abri et plusieurs pièces dorment encore (le fou c1 et les tours a1 et h1).

Plans. Nd3 (Cavalier actif en d3 — 95 % des parties) ; O-O (Mettre le roi en sécurité, connecter les tours — 2 % des parties).

♚ Point de vue Noirs

1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8

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Plan principal. Mettre le roi à l'abri (...O-O dans 88 % des parties).

Atouts. Les Noirs s'appuient sur un fou actif en c5 et la colonne semi-ouverte e.

Côté adverse. Le roi resté au centre.

En contrepartie. Le roi n'est pas encore à l'abri et plusieurs pièces dorment encore (le fou c8 et les tours a8 et h8).

Plans. ...O-O (Mettre le roi en sécurité, connecter les tours — 88 % des parties) ; ...Qe7 (Pression sur colonne e, Prépare O-O-O — 11 % des parties).

Avantages

Faiblesses

Diagonale active

Plans

Structure de pions

	♔ Blancs	♚ Noirs
Pions doublés	—	—
Pions isolés	—	—
Arriérés	—	—
Chaînes	—	—
Passés	—	—
Majorité	—	—

Cases

	♔ Blancs	♚ Noirs
Cases fortes	● g4 (2v1), ● b5 (2v1), ● d5 (2v1)	—
Cases faibles	—	● d7
Centre	● d5 (2v1)	● d4 (1v0)

Colonnes et diagonales

	♔ Blancs	♚ Noirs
Semi-ouvertes	—	● e

Pièces

	♔ Blancs	♚ Noirs
Bc1	● Bc1 Non développé (mob. 0)
Ba4	● Ba4 Actif (mob. 4)
Bc5		● Bc5 Actif (mob. 6)
Bc8		● Bc8 Non développé (mob. 0)
Paire de fous	● Oui	● Oui
Clouages	—	● pawn d7
Non développées	3 (● c1, ● a1, ● h1)	3 (● c8, ● a8, ● h8)

Sécurité du roi

	♔ Blancs	♚ Noirs
Statut	● Au centre !	● Au centre !
Droits de roque	O-O / O-O-O	O-O / O-O-O

Thèmes

	♔ Blancs	♚ Noirs
Phase	Ouverture
Centre	mobile
Ruptures	—	● …d7-d5

Partie
1904 USA-07.Congress – Round 5 – Kemeny, Matthias – 0-1 – Marshall Viele, Fabrizio Aaron – G13 1. e4 e5 2. Nf3 Nc6 3. Nc3 Nf6 4. Bb5 Bc5 5. Nxe5 Nd4 6. Ba4 O-O 7. Nd3 Bb6 8. e5 Ne8 9. O-O f6 10. Kh1 fxe5
1912 It (Men) San Sebastian ESP – Round 16 – Spielmann, Rudolf – 0-1 – Rubinstein, Akiba – G37 1. e4 e5 2. Nf3 Nc6 3. Nc3 Nf6 4. Bb5 Bc5 5. Nxe5 Nd4 6. Ba4 O-O 7. d3 d5 8. Bg5 c6 9. Qd2 Re8 10. f4 b5
1928 Budapest – Round 1 – Merenyi, Lajos – 1/2-1/2 – Von Balla, Zoltan – G34 1. e4 e5 2. Nf3 Nc6 3. Nc3 Nf6 4. Bb5 Nd4 5. Ba4 Bc5 6. Nxe5 Qe7 7. Nf3 Nxe4 8. O-O Nxc3 9. bxc3 Nxf3+ 10. Qxf3 O-O
1932 Budapest – Round 1 – Canal, Esteban – 0-1 – Steiner, Lajos – G45 1. e4 e5 2. Nf3 Nc6 3. Nc3 Nf6 4. Bb5 Nd4 5. Ba4 Bc5 6. Nxe5 O-O 7. Nd3 Bb6 8. Nf4 d6 9. d3 Bg4 10. f3 Nh5
1935 Tatatovaros – Round 12 – Merenyi, Lajos – 0-1 – Szabo, Laszlo – G66 1. e4 e5 2. Nf3 Nc6 3. Nc3 Nf6 4. Bb5 Nd4 5. Ba4 Bc5 6. Nxe5 O-O 7. d3 d6 8. Nf3 Bg4 9. Be3 Bxf3 10. gxf3 Nh5
1935 Warsaw POL – Round 3 – Book, Eero – 1-0 – Vidmar Milan – G16 1. e4 e5 2. Nf3 Nc6 3. Nc3 Nf6 4. Bb5 Nd4 5. Ba4 Bc5 6. Nxe5 O-O 7. Nd3 d6 8. Nxc5 dxc5 9. d3 c6 10. Bb3 b5
1938 Hastings3839 – Round 3 – Tylor, Theodore Henry – 0-1 – Milner Barry, Philip – G13 1. e4 e5 2. Nf3 Nc6 3. Nc3 Nf6 4. Bb5 Nd4 5. Ba4 Bc5 6. Nxe5 O-O 7. Nd3 Bb6 8. e5 Ne8 9. Nd5 d6 10. c3 Qh4
1940 Moskou ch-URS – Round 1 – Botvinnik, Mikhail – 1-0 – Veresov, Gavriil – G107 1. e4 e5 2. Nf3 Nc6 3. Nc3 Nf6 4. Bb5 Nd4 5. Ba4 Bc5 6. Nxe5 Qe7 7. Nd3 Nxe4 8. O-O Nxc3 9. dxc3 Ne6 10. Nxc5 Qxc5
1947 Essen – Round 1 – Rautenberg, Wilhelm – 0-1 – Wildschuetz – G4 1. e4 e5 2. Nf3 Nc6 3. Nc3 Nf6 4. Bb5 Nd4 5. Ba4 Bc5 6. Nxe5 O-O 7. Nd3 Bb6 8. Nf4 d5 9. d3 dxe4 10. dxe4 Qe7
1948 GBR-NED match – Round 2.7 – Tylor, Theodore Henry – 0-1 – Vlagsma, Chris – G15 1. e4 e5 2. Nf3 Nc6 3. Nc3 Nf6 4. Bb5 Nd4 5. Ba4 Bc5 6. Nxe5 O-O 7. Nd3 Bb6 8. e5 Ne8 9. O-O d5 10. exd6 Nxd6
1949 Mar del Plata – Round 11 – Lasker, Edward – 1/2-1/2 – Maderna, Carlos – G100 1. e4 e5 2. Nf3 Nc6 3. Nc3 Nf6 4. Bb5 Nd4 5. Ba4 Bc5 6. Nxe5 Qe7 7. Nd3 Nxe4 8. O-O Nxc3 9. dxc3 Ne6 10. Nxc5 Qxc5
1949 Mar del Plata – Round 15 – Michel, Pascal – 1-0 – Gentil Le Roux, Loevan – G132 1. e4 e5 2. Nf3 Nf6 3. Nc3 Nc6 4. Bb5 Nd4 5. Ba4 Bc5 6. Nxe5 O-O 7. Nd3 Bb6 8. Nf4 d5 9. d3 Bg4 10. f3 Bh5
1949 Oldenburg – Round ? – Tautvaisas, Povilas – 1-0 – Sarapu, Ortvin – G36 1. e4 e5 2. Nf3 Nc6 3. Nc3 Nf6 4. Bb5 Nd4 5. Ba4 Bc5 6. Nxe5 O-O 7. Nd3 d6 8. Nxc5 dxc5 9. d3 c6 10. Bb3 a5
1949 Oldenburg – Round 1 – Tautvaisas, Povilas – 1-0 – Sarapuu, Ortwin – G6 1. e4 e5 2. Nf3 Nc6 3. Nc3 Nf6 4. Bb5 Nd4 5. Ba4 Bc5 6. Nxe5 O-O 7. Nd3 d6 8. Nxc5 dxc5 9. d3 c6 10. Bb3 a5
1950 Interzonal – Round 11 – Rellstab, Ludwig – 0-1 – Kostic, Boris – G18 1. e4 e5 2. Nf3 Nc6 3. Nc3 Nf6 4. Bb5 Nd4 5. Ba4 Bc5 6. Nxe5 O-O 7. Nd3 Bb6 8. Nf4 c6 9. d3 d5 10. Be3 Re8
1953 Hastings Premier 1952/53 28th – Round 6 – Blau, Max – 0-1 – Lasker, Edward – G18 1. e4 e5 2. Nf3 Nc6 3. Nc3 Nf6 4. Bb5 Nd4 5. Ba4 Bc5 6. Nxe5 O-O 7. Nd3 Bb6 8. Nf4 d5 9. Nfxd5 Nxe4 10. Nxb6 axb6
1957 Leningrad Ch – Round 16 – Nikitin, Aleksander S – 1/2-1/2 – Stoliar, Efim Samoilovich – G122 1. e4 e5 2. Nf3 Nc6 3. Nc3 Nf6 4. Bb5 Nd4 5. Ba4 Bc5 6. Nxe5 Qe7 7. Nd3 Nxe4 8. O-O Nxc3 9. bxc3 Ne6 10. Nxc5 Qxc5
1957 Moskou ch-URS – Round 1 – Klaman, Konstantin Mikhailovich – 0-1 – Kholmov, Ratmir D – G20 1. e4 e5 2. Nf3 Nc6 3. Nc3 Nf6 4. Bb5 Nd4 5. Ba4 Bc5 6. Nxe5 Qe7 7. Nd3 Nxe4 8. O-O Nxc3 9. bxc3 Ne6 10. Kh1 Bd6
1959 HUN Ch 15th – Round 13 – Honfi, Karoly – 0-1 – Kluger, Gyula – G47 1. e4 e5 2. Nf3 Nc6 3. Nc3 Nf6 4. Bb5 Nd4 5. Ba4 Bc5 6. Nxe5 O-O 7. Nd3 Bb6 8. O-O d5 9. Nxd5 Nxe4 10. Nc3 Nf6
1959 HUN Ch 15th – Round 18 – Honfi, Karoly – 1-0 – Pogats, Jozsef Jr. – G66 1. e4 e5 2. Nf3 Nc6 3. Nc3 Nf6 4. Bb5 Nd4 5. Ba4 Bc5 6. Nxe5 O-O 7. Nd3 Bb6 8. O-O d5 9. Nxd5 Nxe4 10. Nc3 Nf6
1960 BUL-ch14 Sofia BUL – Round 4 – Hadjipetrov, Alexander – 0-1 – Milev, Zdravko – G16 1. e4 e5 2. Nf3 Nc6 3. Nc3 Nf6 4. Bb5 Nd4 5. Ba4 Bc5 6. Nxe5 O-O 7. Nd3 Bb6 8. O-O d5 9. Nxd5 Nxd5 10. exd5 Qh4
1961 Oberhausen etc – Round 2 – Fichtl, Jiri – 1-0 – Schuster, Thomas – G76 1. e4 e5 2. Nf3 Nc6 3. Nc3 Nf6 4. Bb5 Nd4 5. Ba4 Bc5 6. Nxe5 O-O 7. Nd3 Bb6 8. e5 Ne8 9. O-O c6 10. Ne2 d5
1964 Sarajevo 07th – Round 9 – Pachman, Ludek – 1/2-1/2 – Hort, Vlastimil – G19 1. e4 e5 2. Nc3 Nf6 3. Nf3 Nc6 4. Bb5 Nd4 5. Ba4 Bc5 6. Nxe5 O-O 7. Nd3 Bb6 8. e5 Ne8 9. O-O d6 10. exd6 Nf6
1966 Corr – Round ? – Dubinin, Peter – 1/2-1/2 – Altshuler, Roman Zinovievich – G12 1. e4 e5 2. Nf3 Nc6 3. Nc3 Nf6 4. Bb5 Nd4 5. Ba4 Bc5 6. Nxe5 O-O 7. Nd3 Bb6 8. O-O d5 9. Nxd5 Nxe4 10. Ne3 c6
1968 USSR – Round 1 – Estrin, Yakov – 1-0 – Moldavsky, Roman S. – G20 1. e4 Nc6 2. Nf3 Nf6 3. Nc3 e5 4. Bb5 Nd4 5. Ba4 Bc5 6. Nxe5 O-O 7. Nd3 Bb6 8. Nf4 d5 9. d3 dxe4 10. dxe4 Bg4
1969 Nordic Ch Lidkoping SWE – Round 7 – Drimer, Dolfi – 1-0 – Olsson, Ake – G13 1. e4 e5 2. Nf3 Nc6 3. Nc3 Nf6 4. Bb5 Nd4 5. Ba4 Bc5 6. Nxe5 O-O 7. Nd3 Bb6 8. O-O d5 9. Nxd5 Nxd5 10. exd5 Qh4
1969 USSR – Round 1 – Estrin, Yakov – 1/2-1/2 – Antoshin, Vladimir S – G41 1. e4 e5 2. Nf3 Nc6 3. Nc3 Nf6 4. Bb5 Nd4 5. Ba4 Bc5 6. Nxe5 O-O 7. Nd3 Bb6 8. Nf4 c6 9. d3 d5 10. Be3 Ng4
Amber Blindfold 2005 – Round 10 – Vallejo Pons, Francisco – 0-1 – Leko, Peter – G44 1. e4 e5 2. Nf3 Nc6 3. Nc3 Nf6 4. Bb5 Nd4 5. Ba4 Bc5 6. Nxe5 O-O 7. Nd3 Bb6 8. e5 Ne8 9. Nd5 c6 10. Ne3 d5
FIDE WCh KO 2001 – Round 2.2 – Nguyen, Anh Dung – 1/2-1/2 – Tkachiev, Vladislav – G210 1. e4 e5 2. Nf3 Nc6 3. Nc3 Nf6 4. Bb5 Nd4 5. Ba4 Bc5 6. Nxe5 O-O 7. Nd3 Bb6 8. e5 Ne8 9. O-O d6 10. exd6 Nxd6
FIDE WCh KO 2001 – Round 3.6 – Motylev, Alexander – 1/2-1/2 – Shirov, Alexei – G289 1. e4 e5 2. Nf3 Nc6 3. Nc3 Nf6 4. Bb5 Nd4 5. Ba4 Bc5 6. Nxe5 O-O 7. Nd3 Bb6 8. e5 Ne8 9. Nd5 d6 10. Ne3 dxe5
FIDE World Blitz Championship 2025 – Round 17 – Pranesh M – 1-0 – Robson Ray – G340 1. e4 e5 2. Nf3 Nc6 3. Nc3 Nf6 4. Bb5 Nd4 5. Ba4 Bc5 6. Nxe5 O-O 7. Nd3 Bb6 8. e5 Ne8 9. Nd5 d6 10. Ne3 dxe5
It Linares ESP 1992 – Round 11 – Short, Nigel D – 0-1 – Timman, Jan H – G2 1. e4 e5 2. Nf3 Nc6 3. Nc3 Nf6 4. Bb5 Nd4 5. Ba4 Bc5 6. Nxe5 O-O 7. Nd3 Bb6 8. e5 Ne8 9. Nd5 d6 10. Ne3 Qg5
Makedonia Palace GP 2013 – Round 2.3 – Morozevich, Alexander – 1-0 – Svidler, Peter – G8 1. e4 e5 2. Nf3 Nc6 3. Nc3 Nf6 4. Bb5 Nd4 5. Ba4 Bc5 6. Nxe5 O-O 7. Nd3 Bb6 8. e5 Ne8 9. Nd5 c6 10. Ne3 d5
Melody Amber, Blindfold, Monaco 1995 – Round 6 – Anand, Viswanathan – 1/2-1/2 – Ivanchuk, Vasyl – G24 1. e4 e5 2. Nf3 Nc6 3. Nc3 Nf6 4. Bb5 Nd4 5. Ba4 Bc5 6. Nxe5 O-O 7. Nd3 Bb6 8. e5 Ne8 9. Nd5 d6 10. Ne3 c6
Novgorod 1994 – Round 4 – Shirov, Alexei – 1/2-1/2 – Short, Nigel D – G14 1. e4 e5 2. Nf3 Nc6 3. Nc3 Nf6 4. Bb5 Nd4 5. Ba4 Bc5 6. Nxe5 O-O 7. Nd3 Bb6 8. e5 Ne8 9. Nd5 d6 10. Ne3 dxe5
Saint Louis Blitz 2017 – Round 8.1 – Kasparov, Garry – 1-0 – Dominguez Perez, Leinier – G36 1. e4 e5 2. Nf3 Nc6 3. Bb5 Nf6 4. Nc3 Nd4 5. Ba4 Bc5 6. Nxe5 O-O 7. Nd3 Bb6 8. e5 Ne8 9. Nd5 c6 10. Ne3 d5
SportAccord Blitz 2014 – Round 17.7 – Ivanchuk, Vasyl – 0-1 – Radjabov, Teimour – G134 1. e4 e5 2. Nf3 Nc6 3. Bb5 Nf6 4. Nc3 Nd4 5. Ba4 Bc5 6. Nxe5 O-O 7. Nd3 Bb6 8. e5 c6 9. exf6 Re8+ 10. Kf1 Qxf6
World Blitz 2015 – Round 18.22 – Duda, Jacob – 1-0 – Leko, Peter – G1109 1. e4 e5 2. Nf3 Nc6 3. Nc3 Nf6 4. Bb5 Nd4 5. Ba4 Bc5 6. Nxe5 O-O 7. Nd3 Bb6 8. e5 Ne8 9. O-O d6 10. Re1 Bf5

C48r — Rubinstein (1904)

1.e4 e5 2.Nf3 Nc6 3.Nc3 Nf6 4.Bb5 Nd4 5.Ba4 Bc5 6.Nxe5

Les coups candidats

6…O-O — 88.3% (632 parties)

Ambassadeurs : Ginsburg, Gennadi (7x), Estrin, Yakov (4x), Huba, Martin (4x), Acs, Peter (4x), Deforel, Jorge Eduardo (4x), Honfi, Karoly (3x), Stertenbrink, Guenter (3x), Kuehnel, Guenter (3x)

6…Qe7 — 11.0% (79 parties)

Ambassadeurs : Klaman, Konstantin Mikhailovich (2x), Kholmov, Ratmir D (2x), Taylor, Timothy (2x), Kunze, Klaus (1x), Otto, Arnold (1x), Ugrinovic, Dragan (1x), Boskovic, Milorad (1x), Mannke, Manfred (1x)

6…c6 — 0.4% (3 parties)

Ambassadeurs : Neimanis, Juris (1x), Dartnell, Dennis R (1x), Schein, Karl-Heinz (1x), Halser, Walter (1x), Arakeljan, Armen M. (1x), Garayev, Murad (1x)

6…b5 — 0.3% (2 parties)

Ambassadeurs : Kuzin, Anton (1x), Eraschenkov, Denis (1x), Kaptsan, Aron (1x), Gentes, Kevin (1x)

Analyse statistique des coups candidats

Répartition par niveau Elo (% des parties)

Tranche Elo	N parties	6…O-O	6…Qe7	6…c6	6…b5
<1800	17	100%	—	—	—
1800-2200	216	89%	11%	0%	—
2200-2600	274	87%	12%	0%	1%
2600+	32	100%	—	—	—

Évolution par décennie (% des parties)

Décennie	N parties	6…O-O	6…Qe7	6…c6	6…b5
1950s	15	67%	33%	—	—
1960s	17	88%	12%	—	—
1970s	13	77%	23%	—	—
1980s	60	90%	10%	—	—
1990s	254	89%	11%	0%	—
2000s	211	91%	8%	0%	1%
2010s	130	87%	12%	1%	—
2020s	16	88%	12%	—	—

Tendances récentes (2010s → 2020s)

Coup	2010s	2020s	Δ
6…O-O	87%	88%	▲ +0.6%
6…Qe7	12%	12%	+0.2%
6…c6	1%	0%	▼ -0.8%
6…b5	0%	0%	+0.0%

Joueurs célèbres

Champions du monde dans cette position

Anand, Viswanathan — 1 partie
Carlsen, Magnus — 1 partie
Kasparov, Garry — 1 partie

Parties historiques

6…O-O — 88.3% (632 parties)

1950 — Rellstab, Ludwig vs Kostic, Boris — 0-1 — Bled SLO
1950 — Baldanello, Mario vs Riello, Michele — 1-0 — Venice ITA
1950 — Baldanello, Mario vs Porreca, Giorgio — 1-0 — Venice ITA
1953 — Aditya Balu Jadhav vs Lasker, Edward — 0-1 — White Rock Pavilion
1954 — Khavin, Abram Leonidovich vs Mach, Glenn Levin — 1-0 — ?

6…Qe7 — 11.0% (79 parties)

1953 — Kunze, Klaus vs Otto, Arnold — 1/2-1/2 — Jena GER
1957 — Klaman, Konstantin Mikhailovich vs Kholmov, Ratmir D — 0-1 — Moskou ch-URS
1957 — Klaman, Konstantin Mikhailovich vs Kholmov, Ratmir D — 0-1 — Moscow RUS
1957 — Nikitin, Aleksander S vs Stoliar, Efim Samoilovich — 1/2-1/2 — Leningrad RUS
1959 — Ugrinovic, Dragan vs Boskovic, Milorad — 1-0 — Belgrade SRB

6…c6 — 0.4% (3 parties)

1997 — Neimanis, Juris vs Dartnell, Dennis R — 1-0 — ?
2005 — Schein, Karl-Heinz vs Halser, Walter — 1-0 — Graz AUT
2018 — Arakeljan, Armen M. vs Garayev, Murad — 0-1 — Tula RUS

6…b5 — 0.3% (2 parties)

2001 — Kuzin, Anton vs Eraschenkov, Denis — 0-1 — Smolensk RUS
2007 — Kaptsan, Aron vs Gentes, Kevin — 1/2-1/2 — Winnipeg CAN