C46k — Three Knights: Steinitz, Rosenthal Variation

1.e4 e5 2.Nf3 Nc6 3.Nc3 g6 4.d4 exd4 5.Nd5 * ● Trait aux Noirs

Ouverture — Centre mobile

♔ Point de vue Blancs

8 7 6 5 4 3 2 1

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Plans. Bg5 (Fou actif (mobilité 9), Développer c1 — 93 % des parties) ; Nxd4 (Cavalier centralisé en d4 — 4 % des parties).

♚ Point de vue Noirs

1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8

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Plans. ...Bg7 (Fianchetto, fou sur la grande diagonale — 92 % des parties) ; ...h6 (5 % des parties).

Avantages

Faiblesses

Diagonale active

Plans

Structure de pions

	♔ Blancs	♚ Noirs
Pions doublés	—	● d4, ● d7
Pions isolés	—	—
Arriérés	—	—
Chaînes	—	● f7→g6, h7→g6
Passés	—	—
Majorité	—	—

Cases

	♔ Blancs	♚ Noirs
Cases fortes	● f4 (2v0), ● g5 (2v1)	● b4 (2v1)
Cases faibles	—	—
Centre	● d4 (2v1), ● d5 (1v0)	—

Colonnes et diagonales

	♔ Blancs	♚ Noirs
Semi-ouvertes	● d	● e

Pièces

	♔ Blancs	♚ Noirs
Bc1	● Bc1 Non développé (mob. 5)
Bf1	● Bf1 Non développé (mob. 5)
Bc8		● Bc8 Non développé (mob. 0)
Bf8		● Bf8 Non développé (mob. 7)
Paire de fous	● Oui	● Oui
Non développées	4 (● c1, ● f1, ● a1, ● h1)	5 (● g8, ● c8, ● f8, ● a8, ● h8)

Sécurité du roi

	♔ Blancs	♚ Noirs
Statut	● Au centre	● Au centre
Droits de roque	O-O / O-O-O	O-O / O-O-O

Thèmes

	♔ Blancs	♚ Noirs
Phase	Ouverture
Centre	mobile
Ruptures	● c2-c3	● …d4-d3, ● …f7-f5

Partie
1914 St Petersburg prel – Round 1 – Nimzowitsch, Aron – 1-0 – Gunsberg, Isidor – G13 1. e4 e5 2. Nf3 Nc6 3. Nc3 g6 4. d4 exd4 5. Nd5 Bg7 6. Bg5 Nce7 7. Bc4 c6 8. Nxe7 Nxe7 9. O-O d6 10. Nxd4 O-O
1925 Moscow – Round 21 – Verlinsky, Boris – 1-0 – Duz-Khotimirsky, Fedor Ivanovich – G177 1. e4 e5 2. Nc3 Nc6 3. Nf3 g6 4. d4 exd4 5. Nd5 Bg7 6. Bg5 Nce7 7. Nxd4 c6 8. Nxe7 Nxe7 9. c3 d5 10. Bd3 h6
1936 Dresden – Round 7 – Alekhine, Alexander – 1-0 – Bogoljubow, Efim – G36 1. e4 e5 2. Nf3 Nc6 3. Nc3 g6 4. d4 exd4 5. Nd5 Bg7 6. Bg5 Nce7 7. e5 h6 8. Bxe7 Nxe7 9. Qxd4 Nxd5 10. Qxd5 c6
1946 Leningrad – Round 1 – Yashin, Aleksander – 0-1 – Petrosian, Tigran A. – G17 1. e4 e5 2. Nf3 Nc6 3. Nc3 g6 4. d4 exd4 5. Nd5 Bg7 6. Bg5 f6 7. Bf4 d6 8. Nxd4 Nge7 9. Bc4 Nxd5 10. Bxd5 Ne5
1955 Gothenburg Interzonal – Round 11 – Bisguier, Arthur B – 0-1 – Keres, Paul – G105 1. e4 e5 2. Nf3 Nc6 3. Nc3 g6 4. d4 exd4 5. Nd5 Bg7 6. Bg5 Nce7 7. Nxd4 c6 8. Nc3 h6 9. Bh4 Qb6 10. Nb3 a5
1955 Moskou ch-URS – Round 1 – Simagin, Vladimir – 0-1 – Keres, Paul – G96 1. e4 e5 2. Nf3 Nc6 3. Nc3 g6 4. d4 exd4 5. Nd5 Bg7 6. Bg5 Nce7 7. Nxe7 Nxe7 8. Bc4 h6 9. Bh4 O-O 10. O-O d5
1957 Hastings5758 – Round 1 – Sterner, Olof – 1/2-1/2 – Filip, Marius Liviu – G27 1. e4 e5 2. Nf3 Nc6 3. Nc3 g6 4. d4 exd4 5. Nd5 Bg7 6. Bg5 Nce7 7. Nxd4 h6 8. Be3 Nxd5 9. exd5 d6 10. Be2 Ne7
1957 URS Ch sf – Round 2 – Mnatsakanian, Eduard A – 1/2-1/2 – Ravinsky, Grigory – G3 1. e4 e5 2. Nf3 Nc6 3. Nc3 g6 4. d4 exd4 5. Nd5 Bg7 6. Bg5 Nce7 7. e5 h6 8. Bxe7 Nxe7 9. Qxd4 Nxd5 10. Qxd5 O-O
1959 HUN Ch 15th – Round 6 – Koberl, Ferenc – 0-1 – Jenei, Ferenc – G21 1. e4 e5 2. Nf3 Nc6 3. Nc3 g6 4. d4 exd4 5. Nd5 Bg7 6. Bg5 Nce7 7. Nxd4 c6 8. Nxe7 Nxe7 9. c3 h6 10. Be3 d5
1959 Kragujevac ch14-YUG – Round 17 – Smederevac, Petar – 1/2-1/2 – Sokolov, Vadim – G109 1. e4 e5 2. Nf3 Nc6 3. Nc3 g6 4. d4 exd4 5. Nd5 Bg7 6. Bg5 Nce7 7. Nxd4 c6 8. Nxe7 Nxe7 9. Qd2 d5 10. exd5 Qxd5
1960 Olympiad prel III – Round 2 – Fichtl, Jiri – 1-0 – Skold, Kristian – G14 1. e4 e5 2. Nf3 Nc6 3. Nc3 g6 4. d4 exd4 5. Nd5 Bg7 6. Bg5 Nce7 7. Nxd4 c6 8. Nxe7 Nxe7 9. Qd2 h6 10. Be3 d5
1961 FRG Ch Bad Prymont – Round 10 – Clemens, Christian, Dr. – 0-1 – Darga, Klaus – G21 1. e4 e5 2. Nf3 Nc6 3. Nc3 g6 4. d4 exd4 5. Nd5 Bg7 6. Bg5 Nce7 7. Nxd4 h6 8. Be3 Nxd5 9. exd5 Nf6 10. c4 O-O
1961 Netanya – Round 10 – Czerniak, Magdalena – 0-1 – Porath, Yosef – G65 1. e4 e5 2. Nf3 Nc6 3. Nc3 g6 4. d4 exd4 5. Nd5 Bg7 6. Bg5 Nce7 7. Nxd4 c6 8. Nc3 h6 9. Bh4 d5 10. exd5 Qb6
1962 Asztalos Memorial 5th – Round 12 – Honfi, Karoly – 1-0 – Pogats, Jozsef Jr. – G91 1. e4 e5 2. Nf3 Nc6 3. Nc3 g6 4. d4 exd4 5. Nd5 Bg7 6. Bg5 Nce7 7. Bc4 c6 8. Nxe7 Nxe7 9. O-O h6 10. Bh4 O-O
1962 Asztalos Memorial 5th – Round 8 – Honfi, Karoly – 1/2-1/2 – Radovici, Corvin – G59 1. e4 e5 2. Nf3 Nc6 3. Nc3 g6 4. d4 exd4 5. Nd5 Bg7 6. Bg5 Nce7 7. Bc4 c6 8. Nxe7 Nxe7 9. O-O O-O 10. Nxd4 h6
1962 Belgrade – Round 1 – Czerniak, Moshe – 1-0 – Sokolov, Vladimir – G11 1. e4 e5 2. Nf3 Nc6 3. Nc3 g6 4. d4 exd4 5. Nd5 Bg7 6. Bg5 Nce7 7. e5 h6 8. Bxe7 Nxe7 9. Qxd4 O-O 10. O-O-O Nxd5
1962 Hungary – Round 10 – Honfi, K. – 0-1 – Pogats, Jozsef Jr. – G78 1. e4 e5 2. Nf3 Nc6 3. Nc3 g6 4. d4 exd4 5. Nd5 Bg7 6. Bg5 Nce7 7. Bc4 c6 8. Nxe7 Nxe7 9. O-O O-O 10. Nxd4 h6
1962 Lasker Memorial – Round 4 – Fichtl, Jiri – 1/2-1/2 – Udovcic, Mijo – G5 1. e4 e5 2. Nf3 Nc6 3. Nc3 g6 4. d4 exd4 5. Nd5 Bg7 6. Bg5 Nce7 7. Qd2 c6 8. Nxe7 Nxe7 9. Nxd4 d5 10. O-O-O dxe4
1962 Varna – Round 2 – Czerniak, Moshe – 0-1 – Alemany Puig, Lluis – G32 1. e4 e5 2. Nf3 Nc6 3. Nc3 g6 4. d4 exd4 5. Nd5 Bg7 6. Bg5 Nce7 7. Nxd4 c6 8. Nxe7 Nxe7 9. Qd2 h6 10. Bh4 g5
1963 Beverwijk – Round 1 – Ankerst, Mihael – 1/2-1/2 – Zuidema, Coen – G15 1. e4 e5 2. Nf3 Nc6 3. Nc3 g6 4. d4 exd4 5. Nd5 Bg7 6. Bg5 Nce7 7. Bc4 c6 8. Nxe7 Nxe7 9. O-O h6 10. Bh4 O-O
1964 Tel Aviv olm – Round 1 – Myagmarsuren, Lkhamsuren – 0-1 – Johannessen, Simon T – G109 1. e4 e5 2. Nf3 Nc6 3. Nc3 g6 4. d4 exd4 5. Nd5 Bg7 6. Bg5 Nce7 7. Bc4 c6 8. Nxe7 Nxe7 9. O-O O-O 10. Nxd4 h6
1964 URS – Round ? – Rostobtsev – 1-0 – Novopashin, Arkady – G31 1. e4 e5 2. Nf3 Nc6 3. Nc3 g6 4. d4 exd4 5. Nd5 Bg7 6. Bg5 Nce7 7. Nxd4 c6 8. Nc3 d5 9. exd5 Qa5 10. Qd2 Nxd5
1965 ISR Ch – Round 10 – Czerniak, Moshe – 1-0 – Bobis, Leonid – G40 1. e4 e5 2. Nf3 Nc6 3. Nc3 g6 4. d4 exd4 5. Nd5 Bg7 6. Bg5 f6 7. Bf4 d6 8. Nxd4 f5 9. Nb5 1-0
1966 FRA Ch Grenoble FRA – Round 8 – Caminade, Christian – 1/2-1/2 – Thiellement, Andre – G20 1. e4 e5 2. Nf3 Nc6 3. Nc3 g6 4. d4 exd4 5. Nd5 Bg7 6. Bg5 Nce7 7. Nxd4 c6 8. Nc3 Qa5 9. Qd2 Nf6 10. Nb3 Qd8
1966 Havana CUB – Round 2 – Czerniak, Moshe – 1/2-1/2 – Hoen, Ragnar Harald – G21 1. e4 e5 2. Nf3 Nc6 3. Nc3 g6 4. d4 exd4 5. Nd5 Bg7 6. Bg5 f6 7. Bf4 d6 8. Nxd4 Nge7 9. Nb5 Nxd5 10. Qxd5 Ne5
1966 Hoogovens 28th – Round 15 – Czerniak, Moshe – 0-1 – Cuijpers, Frans Andre – G43 1. e4 e5 2. Nf3 Nc6 3. Nc3 g6 4. d4 exd4 5. Nd5 Bg7 6. Bg5 Nce7 7. Bc4 c6 8. Nxe7 Nxe7 9. O-O h6 10. Bh4 O-O
1967 POL Team Ch 20th – Round 9 – Jagodzinski, Waldemar – 1/2-1/2 – Sydor, Andrzej – G65 1. e4 e5 2. Nf3 Nc6 3. Nc3 g6 4. d4 exd4 5. Nd5 Bg7 6. Bg5 Nce7 7. Nxd4 h6 8. Bh4 c6 9. Nxe7 Qa5+ 10. Qd2 Qxd2+
1968 Belgrade (Women) 4th – Round 5 – Radikovska, Kristina – 0-1 – Kushnir, Alla – G16 1. e4 e5 2. Nf3 Nc6 3. Nc3 g6 4. d4 exd4 5. Nd5 Bg7 6. Bg5 Nce7 7. Nxd4 c6 8. Nxe7 Nxe7 9. c3 O-O 10. Bc4 Re8
1968 Kislovodsk – Round 1 – Vasiukov, Evgeni – 0-1 – Khasin, Abram – G21 1. e4 e5 2. Nf3 Nc6 3. Nc3 g6 4. d4 exd4 5. Nd5 Bg7 6. Bg5 Nce7 7. Nxd4 c6 8. Nxe7 Nxe7 9. Qd2 h6 10. Bf4 d5
1968 Lugano olm - Round 1 - McCurdy, Gerald - 0-1 - Langeweg, Kick - G432 1. e4 e5 2. Nf3 Nc6 3. Nc3 g6 4. d4 exd4 5. Nd5 Bg7 6. Bg5 Nce7 7. Nxd4 c6 8. Nxe7 Nxe7 9. c3 O-O 10. Bc4 h6
1968 Lugano olm - Round 1 - Prameshuber, Alexander - 1/2-1/2 - Havansi, Erkki E.T. - G431 1. e4 e5 2. Nf3 Nc6 3. Nc3 g6 4. d4 exd4 5. Nd5 Bg7 6. Bg5 Nce7 7. Nxd4 c6 8. Nc3 h6 9. Be3 d5 10. exd5 Nxd5
1968 Mar del Plata ch-ARG – Round 1 – Molteni, Oscar – 1/2-1/2 – Rubinetti, Jorge – G14 1. e4 e5 2. Nf3 Nc6 3. Nc3 g6 4. d4 exd4 5. Nd5 Bg7 6. Bg5 Nce7 7. Nxd4 c6 8. Nxe7 Nxe7 9. c3 h6 10. Bh4 O-O
1969 Moscow RUS – Round ? – Gufeld, Eduard – 0-1 – Petrosian, Tigran V – G11 1. e4 e5 2. Nf3 Nc6 3. Nc3 g6 4. d4 exd4 5. Nd5 Bg7 6. Bg5 Nce7 7. Nxd4 d6 8. Nc3 h6 9. Be3 Nf6 10. Bc4 O-O
1969 Moskou ch-URS – Round 1 – Gufeld, Eduard – 0-1 – Petrosian, Tigran A. – G177 1. e4 e5 2. Nf3 Nc6 3. Nc3 g6 4. d4 exd4 5. Nd5 Bg7 6. Bg5 Nce7 7. Nxd4 c6 8. Nc3 h6 9. Be3 Nf6 10. Bc4 O-O
1969 POL Ch 26th – Round 9 – Kwasniewski, Janusz – 0-1 – Grabczewski, Romuald – G42 1. e4 e5 2. Nf3 Nc6 3. Nc3 g6 4. d4 exd4 5. Nd5 Bg7 6. Bg5 Nce7 7. e5 h6 8. Bxe7 Nxe7 9. Qxd4 Nxd5 10. Qxd5 d6
1969 Rubinstein Memorial – Round 15 – Bagirov, Vladimir – 1-0 – Schmidt, Waldemar – G59 1. e4 e5 2. Nf3 Nc6 3. Nc3 g6 4. d4 exd4 5. Nd5 Bg7 6. Bg5 Nce7 7. Nxd4 c6 8. Nxe7 Nxe7 9. Qd2 h6 10. Bf4 d5
1969 Uppsala Open – Round ? – Westerinen, Heikki M.J. – 1-0 – Zwaig, Arne – G6 1. e4 e5 2. Nc3 Nc6 3. Nf3 g6 4. d4 exd4 5. Nd5 Bg7 6. Bg5 Nce7 7. Nxd4 c6 8. Nc3 h6 9. Be3 d5 10. exd5 Nxd5
1972 San Antonio – Round 6 – Smith, Kenneth – 0-1 – Gligoric, Svetozar – G101 1. e4 e5 2. Nf3 Nc6 3. Nc3 g6 4. d4 exd4 5. Nd5 Bg7 6. Bg5 Nce7 7. Nxd4 c6 8. Nc3 h6 9. Be3 d5 10. exd5 Nxd5
1975 URS Team Ch – Round ? – Vinokurov, Andrei – 1-0 – Kozlov, Vladimir N – G452 1. e4 e5 2. Nf3 Nc6 3. Nc3 g6 4. d4 exd4 5. Nd5 Bg7 6. Bg5 Nce7 7. Nxd4 c6 8. Nxe7 Nxe7 9. Qd2 h6 10. Bh4 d5

C46k — Steinitz-Rosenthal Variation (1914)

1.e4 e5 2.Nf3 Nc6 3.Nc3 g6 4.d4 exd4 5.Nd5

Les coups candidats

5…Bg7 — 91.9% (318 parties)

Ambassadeurs : Czerniak, Moshe (7x), Honfi, Karoly (4x), Westerinen, Heikki M.J. (4x), ? (4x), Wiechen, Ulrich (4x), Sydor, Andrzej (3x), West, Guy (3x), Nei, Iivo (3x)

5…h6 — 5.2% (18 parties)

Ambassadeurs : Bryzgalin, Kirill (2x), Volchok, Alexandr (1x), Kots, Yuri I (1x), Hess, Christian (1x), Zieher, Hartmut (1x), Alonzo Castillo Jimenez (1x), Alonso Perez, Jose Ramon (1x), Genduso, Carmelo (1x)

5…d6 — 1.2% (4 parties)

Ambassadeurs : Gomez Enguita, Francisco (1x), Capella Gimenez, Jose Manuel (1x), Cohen, Or (1x), Lev, Ronen (1x), Peter, Sebastien (1x), Broca, Alexandre (1x), Redondo Benavente, Ana (1x), Moreno Lopez, Avelino (1x)

5…Nf6 — 0.6% (2 parties)

Ambassadeurs : Yeo, Michael J (1x), Bakker, Theo (1x), Oliveira, Silvio Eduardo (1x), De Rossi, Pedro Donizeti (1x)

Analyse statistique des coups candidats

Répartition par niveau Elo (% des parties)

Tranche Elo	N parties	5…Bg7	5…h6	5…d6	5…Nf6
<1800	5	100%	—	—	—
1800-2200	62	85%	6%	3%	3%
2200-2600	185	91%	6%	1%	—

Évolution par décennie (% des parties)

Décennie	N parties	5…Bg7	5…h6	5…d6	5…Nf6
1950s	12	100%	—	—	—
1960s	42	98%	2%	—	—
1970s	45	96%	2%	—	—
1980s	43	95%	2%	—	2%
1990s	80	96%	2%	—	—
2000s	57	88%	7%	5%	—
2010s	58	84%	12%	2%	—
2020s	9	56%	22%	—	11%

Tendances récentes (2010s → 2020s)

Coup	2010s	2020s	Δ
5…Bg7	84%	56%	▼ -28.9%
5…h6	12%	22%	▲ +10.2%
5…d6	2%	0%	▼ -1.7%
5…Nf6	0%	11%	▲ +11.1%

Parties historiques

5…Bg7 — 91.9% (318 parties)

1950 — Mechkarov, Stefan vs Karastoichev, Emil — 0-1 — Sofia BUL
1955 — Simagin, Vladimir vs Keres, Paul — 0-1 — Moskou ch-URS
1955 — Bisguier, Arthur B vs Keres, Paul — 0-1 — Goteborg izt
1956 — Kirillov, Valentins vs Nei, Iivo — 0-1 — Tallinn EST
1957 — Mnatsakanian, Eduard A vs Ravinsky, Grigory — 1/2-1/2 — Leningrad RUS

5…h6 — 5.2% (18 parties)

1962 — Volchok, Alexandr vs Kots, Yuri I — 0-1 — ?
1975 — Hess, Christian vs Zieher, Hartmut — 1-0 — GER
1989 — Alonzo Castillo Jimenez vs Alonso Perez, Jose Ramon — 1-0 — ESP
1990 — Dombrowski, Gunther vs Fischer, Ernst — 1-0 — Bad Woerishofen GER
1995 — Genduso, Carmelo vs Bezler, Rainer — 1/2-1/2 — Goetzis

5…d6 — 1.2% (4 parties)

2004 — Gomez Enguita, Francisco vs Capella Gimenez, Jose Manuel — 1/2-1/2 — La Pobla de Vallbona
2007 — Cohen, Or vs Lev, Ronen — 0-1 — Israel
2007 — Peter, Sebastien vs Broca, Alexandre — 0-1 — FRA
2017 — Redondo Benavente, Ana vs Moreno Lopez, Avelino — 1-0 — Roquetas de Mar

5…Nf6 — 0.6% (2 parties)

1985 — Yeo, Michael J vs Bakker, Theo — 1-0 — Guernsey GCI
2026 — Oliveira, Silvio Eduardo vs De Rossi, Pedro Donizeti — 1/2-1/2 — Lichess