Structure de pions

	♔ Blancs	♚ Noirs
Pions doublés	—	● d4, ● d7
Pions isolés	—	—
Arriérés	—	—
Chaînes	● b2→c3	—
Passés	—	—
Majorité	—	—

Cases

	♔ Blancs	♚ Noirs
Cases fortes	● g5 (2v0)	—
Cases faibles	—	—
Centre	● d4 (3v1)	● e4 (1v0)

Colonnes et diagonales

	♔ Blancs	♚ Noirs
Semi-ouvertes	● d	● e

Pièces

	♔ Blancs	♚ Noirs
Bc1	● Bc1 Non développé (mob. 5)
Bf1	● Bf1 Non développé (mob. 5)
Bc8		● Bc8 Non développé (mob. 0)
Bf8		● Bf8 Non développé (mob. 5)
Paire de fous	● Oui	● Oui
Non développées	5 (● b1, ● c1, ● f1, ● a1, ● h1)	4 (● c8, ● f8, ● a8, ● h8)

Sécurité du roi

	♔ Blancs	♚ Noirs
Statut	● Au centre	● Au centre
Droits de roque	O-O / O-O-O	O-O / O-O-O

Thèmes

	♔ Blancs	♚ Noirs
Phase	Ouverture
Centre	mobile
Ruptures	—	● …d7-d5

C44o — Ponziani: 3…Nf6 4.d4 exd4

1.e4 e5 2.Nf3 Nc6 3.c3 Nf6 4.d4 exd4 * ○ Trait aux Blancs

Ouverture — Centre mobile

♔ Point de vue Blancs

8 7 6 5 4 3 2 1

abcdefgh

Plans. e5 (Occuper le centre — 94 % des parties) ; cxd4 (Capture en d4, Occuper le centre — 3 % des parties).

♚ Point de vue Noirs

1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8

hgfedcba

Plans. ...Nd5 (Cavalier centralisé en d5 — 51 % des parties) ; ...Ne4 (Cavalier centralisé en e4 — 22 % des parties) ; ...Qe7 (Pression sur colonne e, Prépare O-O-O — 12 % des parties) ; ...Ng4 (6 % des parties).

Avantages

Faiblesses

Diagonale active

Plans

Partie
1901 It (Men) Monte Carlo MNC – Round 5 – Chigorin, Mikhail – 1-0 – Tarrasch, Siegbert – G10 1. e4 e5 2. Nf3 Nc6 3. c3 Nf6 4. d4 exd4 5. e5 Qe7 6. cxd4 d6 7. Bb5 Nd7 8. O-O dxe5 9. d5 Ncb8 10. Nxe5 Qf6
1914 Baden – Round 1 – Reti, Richard – 1/2-1/2 – Tartakower, Savielly – G36 1. e4 e5 2. Nf3 Nc6 3. d4 exd4 4. c3 Nf6 5. e5 Ne4 6. cxd4 d5 7. Nc3 Bg4 8. Qb3 Bb4 9. Be3 O-O 10. Bd3 Bxf3
1933 GER Ch 01st – Round 6 – Richter, Kurt P – 1/2-1/2 – Ahues, Carl – G8 1. e4 e5 2. Nf3 Nc6 3. d4 exd4 4. c3 Nf6 5. e5 Ne4 6. Bd3 d5 7. O-O dxc3 8. Nxc3 Nxc3 9. bxc3 Be7 10. Rb1 O-O
1938 URS Ch, semi final – Round 13 – Mazel, Isaak Y – 1/2-1/2 – Tolush, Alexander – G94 1. e4 e5 2. Nf3 Nc6 3. c3 Nf6 4. d4 exd4 5. e5 Ne4 6. Qe2 d5 7. exd6 f5 8. Nbd2 Bxd6 9. Nxe4 fxe4 10. Qxe4+ Qe7
1955 Aberystwyth ch-BCF – Round 10 – Penrose, Justin – 1/2-1/2 – Wade, Robert G – G48 1. e4 e5 2. Nf3 Nc6 3. d4 exd4 4. c3 Nf6 5. e5 Ne4 6. Qe2 d5 7. exd6 f5 8. Nbd2 Bxd6 9. Nxe4 fxe4 10. Qxe4+ Qe7
1955 Zittau-A 5th – Round 8 – Liebert, Heinz – 1/2-1/2 – Bruentrup, Dieter – G31 1. e4 e5 2. Nf3 Nc6 3. c3 Nf6 4. d4 exd4 5. e5 Ne4 6. Qe2 f5 7. exf6 d5 8. Nbd2 Qxf6 9. Nxe4 dxe4 10. Qxe4+ Qe6
1957 Hastings5758 – Round ? – Penrose, Jonathan – 1-0 – Blau, Max – G40 1. e4 e5 2. Nf3 Nc6 3. d4 exd4 4. c3 Nf6 5. e5 Ng4 6. cxd4 d5 7. Bb5 Bd7 8. Nc3 Ne7 9. O-O c6 10. Bd3 Qc8
1958 Mar del Plata – Round 8 – Sanguinetti, Ricardo – 1-0 – Reinhardt, Enrique – G61 1. e4 e5 2. Nf3 Nc6 3. d4 exd4 4. c3 Nf6 5. e5 Ne4 6. Qe2 d5 7. exd6 f5 8. Nxd4 Nxd4 9. cxd4 Bxd6 10. f3 Qh4+
1960 Berg en Dal zt – Round 1 – Dueckstein, Andreas – 1-0 – Skold, Kristian – G1 1. e4 e5 2. Nf3 Nc6 3. c3 Nf6 4. d4 exd4 5. e5 Nd5 6. Bb5 a6 7. Ba4 Nb6 8. Bb3 Be7 9. cxd4 d6 10. O-O O-O
1960 Varna – Round 6 – Zinn, Lothar – 1/2-1/2 – Fichtl, Jiri – G10 1. e4 e5 2. Nf3 Nc6 3. c3 Nf6 4. d4 exd4 5. e5 Ne4 6. Bb5 dxc3 7. O-O Be7 8. Nxc3 Nxc3 9. bxc3 O-O 10. Qa4 d6
1962 Appleby-Frodingham – Round 4 – Hindle, Owen M – 1/2-1/2 – Littlewood, John E – G12 1. e4 e5 2. d4 Nc6 3. Nf3 exd4 4. c3 Nf6 5. e5 Ne4 6. Bd3 d5 7. exd6 Nxd6 8. O-O Be7 9. cxd4 O-O 10. Nc3 Bg4
1962 Varna olm – Round 7 – Zwaig, Arne – 1/2-1/2 – Boey, Jin Huey – G321 1. e4 e5 2. Nf3 Nc6 3. c3 Nf6 4. d4 exd4 5. e5 Ne4 6. Qe2 f5 7. exf6 d5 8. Nxd4 Nxd4 9. cxd4 Kf7 10. fxg7 Bb4+
1966 IBM-B – Round 1 – Dueckstein, Andreas – 1/2-1/2 – Ghitescu, Theodor – G3 1. e4 e5 2. Nf3 Nc6 3. c3 Nf6 4. d4 exd4 5. e5 Nd5 6. Bb5 a6 7. Ba4 Nb6 8. Bb3 d5 9. cxd4 Be7 10. h3 Bf5
1967 POL Team Ch 20th – Round 11 – Pietrusiak, Bogdan – 1-0 – Slusarczyk, Adam – G82 1. e4 e5 2. Nf3 Nc6 3. d4 exd4 4. c3 Nf6 5. e5 Ne4 6. Qc2 d5 7. exd6 f5 8. Nbd2 d3 9. Qa4 Bxd6 10. Nxe4 fxe4
1969 Hastings6970 – Round 5 – Levy, David N L – 1-0 – Littlewood, John E – G23 1. e4 e5 2. Nf3 Nc6 3. d4 exd4 4. c3 Nf6 5. e5 Ne4 6. Qe2 d5 7. exd6 f5 8. Nxd4 Bxd6 9. Nxc6 bxc6 10. f3 O-O
75. Tata Steel GpA 2013 – Round 9.4 – Hou, Yifan(HLJ) – 0-1 – Carlsen, Magnus – G45 1. e4 e5 2. Nf3 Nc6 3. c3 Nf6 4. d4 exd4 5. e5 Nd5 6. Bc4 Nb6 7. Bb3 d5 8. cxd4 Bg4 9. Be3 f6 10. O-O Qd7

C44o — Ponziani (1901)

1.e4 e5 2.Nf3 Nc6 3.c3 Nf6 4.d4 exd4

Les coups candidats

5.e5 — 94.3% (2092 parties)

Ambassadeurs : Hlavacek, Ladislav (7x), Laine, Jari (7x), Aymard, Michel (7x), Dueckstein, Andreas (6x), Velimirovic, Dragoljub (6x), Moritz, Hartmut (6x), Wood Brian B (6x), Gamant, Georges (6x)

5.cxd4 — 3.2% (72 parties)

Ambassadeurs : Davidson, Dennis (2x), Fullbrook, Nigel (2x), Hoffmann, Christian (2x), Carretero Ajo, Jesus (1x), Chacon Calabres, Pedro (1x), Starck, Ines (1x), Geiselbrechtinger, Martin (1x), Wall, Bill (1x)

5.Bg5 — 0.8% (18 parties)

Ambassadeurs : Cunningham, Don (2x), Cempel, Jaroslav (2x), Piccardo, Marco (1x), Godena, Michele (1x), Fritz, Jennifer (1x), Mogildia, Irina (1x), Korniushin, Nikolay (1x), Klapwijk, Bram (1x)

5.Nxd4 — 0.7% (16 parties)

Ambassadeurs : Cahill, James (1x), Clarke, Stuart W (1x), Harastova, Tatiana (1x), Stifilova, Hana (1x), Alsleben, Moritz (1x), Kindel, Kay (1x), Janse, Paul (1x), Toetenel, Max (1x)

Analyse statistique des coups candidats

Répartition par niveau Elo (% des parties)

Tranche Elo	N parties	5.e5	5.cxd4	5.Bg5	5.Nxd4
<1800	330	94%	3%	1%	1%
1800-2200	863	98%	1%	0%	0%
2200-2600	363	99%	0%	1%	—
2600+	8	100%	—	—	—

Évolution par décennie (% des parties)

Décennie	N parties	5.e5	5.cxd4	5.Bg5	5.Nxd4
1950s	8	100%	—	—	—
1960s	25	100%	—	—	—
1970s	59	92%	7%	—	2%
1980s	104	96%	2%	1%	—
1990s	407	94%	4%	0%	1%
2000s	746	93%	4%	1%	1%
2010s	648	96%	2%	1%	1%
2020s	221	94%	5%	0%	0%

Tendances récentes (2010s → 2020s)

Coup	2010s	2020s	Δ
5.e5	96%	94%	▼ -1.4%
5.cxd4	2%	5%	▲ +3.1%
5.Bg5	1%	0%	-0.3%
5.Nxd4	1%	0%	-0.5%

Joueurs célèbres

Champions du monde dans cette position

Hou, Yifan — 1 partie
Carlsen, Magnus — 1 partie
Ju, Wenjun — 1 partie

Parties historiques

5.e5 — 94.3% (2092 parties)

1955 — Penrose, Jonathan vs Wade, Robert G — 1/2-1/2 — Aberystwyth ch-BCF
1955 — Liebert, Heinz vs Bruentrup, Dieter — 1/2-1/2 — Zittau GER
1957 — Penrose, Jonathan vs Aditya Balu Jadhav — 1-0 — Hastings ENG
1957 — Penrose, Jonathan vs Aditya Balu Jadhav — 1-0 — Hastings ENG
1957 — Zapke, Helmut vs Kampfhenkel, Ulrich — 0-1 — Zittau

5.cxd4 — 3.2% (72 parties)

1975 — Gerolimatos vs Alexopoulos, Georgios 94 — 0-1 — Pangrati,Greece
1977 — Carretero Ajo, Jesus vs Chacon Calabres, Pedro — 0-1 — Valladolid
1978 — Wall, Bill vs Davidson, Dennis — 1/2-1/2 — ?
1978 — Wall, Alejandro vs Davidson, Dennis — 1-0 — Hickory,NC
1986 — Fullbrook, Nigel vs Burke, Paul — 1/2-1/2 — Vancouver BC CAN

5.Bg5 — 0.8% (18 parties)

1983 — Piccardo, Marco vs Godena, Michele — 0-1 — Venice ITA
1999 — Cunningham, Don vs Fritz, Jennifer — 0-1 — ?
1999 — Mogildia, Irina vs Korniushin, Nikolay — 0-1 — Yaroslavl
2001 — Grib, Johannes vs Sciarretta, Dominic — 0-1 — ?
2001 — Van Eijk, Chantal vs Pijloo, Tjibaria — 1-0 — Rijswijk

5.Nxd4 — 0.7% (16 parties)

1974 — Cahill, James vs Clarke, Stuart W — 1-0 — Mulcahy
1993 — Harastova, Tatiana vs Stifilova, Hana — 0-1 — Slovakia ch-U16 girls
1996 — Janse, Paul vs Toetenel, Max — 0-1 — Vlissingen open
1997 — Petera, Lubomir vs Vykouk, Ondra — 1-0 — Svetla nad Sazavou
1999 — Alsleben, Moritz vs Kindel, Kay — 1-0 — Neumuenster

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