Structure de pions

	♔ Blancs	♚ Noirs
Pions doublés	—	—
Pions isolés	—	—
Arriérés	—	—
Chaînes	● b2→c3, d2→c3	—
Passés	—	—
Majorité	—	—

Cases

	♔ Blancs	♚ Noirs
Cases fortes	● b5 (2v0)	● g4 (2v0)
Cases faibles	● e4	—
Centre	● d4 (3v2)	● d5 (2v1), ● e4 (2v1)

Colonnes et diagonales

♔ Blancs

♚ Noirs

Pièces

	♔ Blancs	♚ Noirs
Bc1	● Bc1 Non développé (mob. 0)
Bf1	● Bf1 Non développé (mob. 5)
Bc8		● Bc8 Non développé (mob. 5)
Bf8		● Bf8 Non développé (mob. 5)
Paire de fous	● Oui	● Oui
Clouages	—	● knight c6
Non développées	5 (● b1, ● c1, ● f1, ● a1, ● h1)	4 (● c8, ● f8, ● a8, ● h8)

Sécurité du roi

	♔ Blancs	♚ Noirs
Statut	● Au centre	● Au centre
Droits de roque	O-O / O-O-O	O-O / O-O-O

Thèmes

	♔ Blancs	♚ Noirs
Phase	Ouverture
Centre	fermé
Ruptures	● c3-c4, ● d2-d4	● …d5-d4

C44l — Ponziani: Leonhardt Variation

1.e4 e5 2.Nf3 Nc6 3.c3 d5 4.Qa4 Nf6 ○ Trait aux Blancs

Ouverture — Centre fermé

♔ Point de vue Blancs

8 7 6 5 4 3 2 1

abcdefgh

Plans. Nxe5 (Cavalier centralisé en e5 — 92 % des parties) ; d4 (Occuper le centre — 4 % des parties).

♚ Point de vue Noirs

1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8

hgfedcba

Plans. ...Bd6 (Fou actif (mobilité 5), Développer f8 — 82 % des parties) ; ...Bd7 (Fou actif (mobilité 5), Développer c8 — 11 % des parties).

Avantages

Faiblesses

Diagonale active

Plans

Partie
1907 Berlin Jubilee – Round 6 – Heilmann, Ernst – 1/2-1/2 – Teichmann, Richard – G27 1. e4 e5 2. Nf3 Nc6 3. c3 d5 4. Qa4 Nf6 5. Nxe5 Bd6 6. Nxc6 bxc6 7. d4 Nxe4 8. Nd2 O-O 9. Nxe4 Re8 10. Be3 Rxe4
1913 St Petersburg m – Round 9 – Levitsky, Stepan – 0-1 – Alekhine, Alexander – G9 1. e4 e5 2. Nf3 Nc6 3. c3 d5 4. Qa4 Nf6 5. Nxe5 Bd6 6. Nxc6 bxc6 7. d3 O-O 8. Be2 Re8 9. Bg5 Rb8 10. Qc2 h6
1921 Nijmegen ch-NED – Round 3 – Van Hartingsvelt, H – 0-1 – Loman, Rudolf – G13 1. e4 e5 2. Nf3 Nc6 3. c3 d5 4. Qa4 Nf6 5. Nxe5 Bd6 6. Nxc6 bxc6 7. d3 O-O 8. Bg5 Bd7 9. Nd2 h6 10. Bxf6 Qxf6
1932 Pasadena – Round ? – Fink, Adolf Jay – 0-1 – Alekhine, Alexander – G33 1. e4 e5 2. Nf3 Nc6 3. c3 d5 4. Qa4 Nf6 5. Nxe5 Bd6 6. Nxc6 bxc6 7. e5 Bxe5 8. d4 Bd6 9. Qxc6+ Bd7 10. Qa6 O-O
1932 Pasadena – Round 1 – Fink Mollerstrom, Elis – 0-1 – Alekhine, Alexander – G16 1. e4 e5 2. Nf3 Nc6 3. c3 d5 4. Qa4 Nf6 5. Nxe5 Bd6 6. Nxc6 bxc6 7. e5 Bxe5 8. d4 Bd6 9. Qxc6+ Bd7 10. Qa6 O-O
1957 Poland – Round 12 – Prochownik, Franciszek – 0-1 – Brzozka, Stefan – G19 1. e4 e5 2. Nf3 Nc6 3. c3 d5 4. Qa4 Nf6 5. Nxe5 Bd6 6. Nxc6 bxc6 7. d3 O-O 8. Be2 Re8 9. Bg5 h6 10. Bxf6 Qxf6
1958 GBR Ch 45th – Round 11.5 – Slade, Ronald A – 0-1 – Gibbs, Peter Campbell – G77 1. e4 e5 2. Nf3 Nc6 3. c3 d5 4. Qa4 Nf6 5. Nxe5 Bd6 6. Nxc6 bxc6 7. d3 O-O 8. Bg5 h6 9. Bxf6 Qxf6 10. Nd2 Rb8
1961 Warsaw – Round 1 – Zinn, Lothar – 1-0 – Brzozka, S. – G54 1. e4 e5 2. Nf3 Nc6 3. c3 d5 4. Qa4 Nf6 5. Nxe5 Bd6 6. Nxc6 bxc6 7. d3 O-O 8. Bg5 Rb8 9. Qc2 Re8 10. Nd2 h6
1964 Budapest ch-HUN – Round 1 – Kluger, Gyula – 1-0 – Sapi, Laszlo – G125 1. e4 e5 2. Nf3 Nc6 3. c3 d5 4. Qa4 Nf6 5. Nxe5 Bd6 6. Nxc6 bxc6 7. d3 O-O 8. Be2 Re8 9. Bg5 h6 10. Bxf6 Qxf6
Supreme Masters 2013 – Round 6.2 – Nakamura, Hikaru – 1/2-1/2 – Svidler, Peter – G27 1. e4 e5 2. Nf3 Nc6 3. c3 d5 4. Qa4 Nf6 5. Nxe5 Bd6 6. Nxc6 bxc6 7. d3 O-O 8. Be2 Re8 9. Nd2 Bg4 10. Qd1 Bxe2

C44l — Ponziani Opening: Leonhardt Variation (1907)

1.e4 e5 2.Nf3 Nc6 3.c3 d5 4.Qa4 Nf6

Les coups candidats

5.Nxe5 — 91.7% (144 parties)

Ambassadeurs : Vehre Jr, John L (5x), Komcharukova, Marina (4x), Sogin, Lou (3x), Ashby Prajeesh (3x), Rheinstaedtler, Klaus (3x), Bukharin, Alexey (3x), Fink, Adolf Jay (2x), Prochownik, Franciszek (2x)

5.d4 — 3.8% (6 parties)

Ambassadeurs : Mariol, A. (1x), Velazquez, Alberto Nicolas (1x), Dinic, Nenad (1x), Karadarevic, Slobodan (1x), Zdebskaja, Natalia (1x), Korneev, Oleg (1x), Woloch, Oskar (1x), Renkowski, Piotr (1x)

5.Bb5 — 2.5% (4 parties)

Ambassadeurs : Michalik, Marek (1x), Guc, Mieczyslaw (1x), Bukharin, Alexey (1x), Rheinstaedtler, Klaus (1x), De Marothy, Maroth (1x), Champion, Patrick (1x), Nepomniachtchi, Ian (1x), Grischuk, Alexander (1x)

5.exd5 — 0.6% (1 parties)

Ambassadeurs : Bitalzadeh, Mahsa (1x), Khademalsharieh, Sarasadat (1x)

Analyse statistique des coups candidats

Répartition par niveau Elo (% des parties)

Tranche Elo	N parties	5.Nxe5	5.d4	5.Bb5	5.exd5
<1800	18	89%	6%	6%	—
1800-2200	63	90%	3%	3%	2%
2200-2600	25	92%	8%	—	—
2600+	4	75%	—	25%	—

Évolution par décennie (% des parties)

Décennie	N parties	5.Nxe5	5.d4	5.Bb5	5.exd5
1950s	8	100%	—	—	—
1960s	2	100%	—	—	—
1970s	11	100%	—	—	—
1980s	16	100%	—	—	—
1990s	16	94%	6%	—	—
2000s	51	88%	4%	4%	2%
2010s	43	88%	5%	5%	—
2020s	10	90%	10%	—	—

Tendances récentes (2010s → 2020s)

Coup	2010s	2020s	Δ
5.Nxe5	88%	90%	▲ +1.6%
5.d4	5%	10%	▲ +5.3%
5.Bb5	5%	0%	▼ -4.7%
5.exd5	0%	0%	+0.0%

Parties historiques

5.Nxe5 — 91.7% (144 parties)

1950 — Milev, Zdravko vs Bobekov, Radko — 1/2-1/2 — Sofia BUL
1951 — Fink, Adolf Jay vs Fajans, Harry — 0-1 — Forth Worth
1952 — Piskov, Kamen Penev vs Bobotsov, Milko G — 0-1 — Sofia BUL
1953 — Fink, Adolf Jay vs Burger, Robert — 0-1 — No. California
1955 — Prochownik, Franciszek vs Litmanowicz, Wladyslaw — 1-0 — Poland ch13

5.d4 — 3.8% (6 parties)

1993 — Mariol, A. vs Velazquez, Alberto Nicolas — 1-0 — cr.
2008 — Dinic, Nenad vs Karadarevic, Slobodan — 0-1 — Obrenovac SRB
2008 — Zdebskaja, Natalia vs Korneev, Oleg — 0-1 — Neustadt a.d. Weinstrasse GER
2010 — Ross, David vs Nielsen, Jan Mose — 0-1 — ?
2014 — Woloch, Oskar vs Renkowski, Piotr — 0-1 — Rewal POL

5.Bb5 — 2.5% (4 parties)

2000 — Michalik, Marek vs Guc, Mieczyslaw — 0-1 — Nowy Sacz
2007 — Bukharin, Alexey vs Rheinstaedtler, Klaus — 0-1 — IECG
2010 — De Marothy, Maroth vs Champion, Patrick — 0-1 — Cammeray
2019 — Nepomniachtchi, Ian vs Grischuk, Alexander — 0-1 — Amsterdam NED

5.exd5 — 0.6% (1 parties)

2009 — Bitalzadeh, Mahsa vs Khademalsharieh, Sarasadat — 0-1 — Kemeri LAT