C41u — Philidor: Improved Hanham, Main Line

1.e4 e5 2.Nf3 d6 3.d4 Nf6 4.Nc3 Nbd7 5.Bc4 Be7 6.O-O O-O * ○ Trait aux Blancs

Ouverture — Centre fermé

♔ Point de vue Blancs

8 7 6 5 4 3 2 1

abcdefgh

Atouts. Les Blancs s'appuient sur les cases fortes b5, d5 et g5, un fou actif en c4 et la paire de fous.

Côté adverse. Les fous enfermés en e7 et c8.

En contrepartie. Plusieurs pièces dorment encore (le fou c1 et la tour a1).

Plans. Bg5 (Clouer Nf6) ; h3 (Empêcher ...Bg4).

♚ Point de vue Noirs

1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8

hgfedcba

Atouts. Les Noirs s'appuient sur la paire de fous.

Côté adverse. Le fou enfermé en c1.

En contrepartie. Plusieurs pièces dorment encore (le fou c8 et la tour a8).

Plans. ...Bg4 (Développer Bc8, clouer Nf3) ; ...c6 (Rupture) ; ...c5 (Rupture) ; ...d5 (Rupture).

Avantages

Faiblesses adverses

Diagonale active

Plans

Structure de pions

	♔ Blancs	♚ Noirs
Pions doublés	—	—
Pions isolés	—	—
Arriérés	—	—
Chaînes	—	● d6→e5, c7→d6
Passés	—	—
Majorité	—	—

Cases

	♔ Blancs	♚ Noirs
Cases fortes	● b5 (2v0), ● d5 (3v1), ● g5 (2v0)	—
Cases faibles	—	—
Centre	● d4 (2v1), ● d5 (3v1)	—

Colonnes et diagonales

♔ Blancs

♚ Noirs

Pièces

	♔ Blancs	♚ Noirs
Bc1	● Bc1 Non développé (mob. 5)
Bc4	● Bc4 Actif (mob. 8)
Be7		● Be7 Enfermé (mob. 0)
Bc8		● Bc8 Non développé (mob. 0)
Paire de fous	● Oui	● Oui
Clouages	—	● pawn f7
Non développées	2 (c1, a1)	2 (c8, a8)

Sécurité du roi

	♔ Blancs	♚ Noirs
Statut	● Roqué	● Roqué
Droits de roque	—	—

Thèmes

	♔ Blancs	♚ Noirs
Phase	Ouverture
Centre	fermé
Ruptures	● d4-d5	● …c7-c6, ● …c7-c5, ● …d6-d5

Partie
1904 Cambridge Springs – Round 15 – Napier, William – 1/2-1/2 – Pillsbury, Harry – G71 1. d4 d6 2. e4 Nd7 3. Bc4 Ngf6 4. Nc3 e5 5. Nf3 Be7 6. O-O O-O 7. dxe5 dxe5 8. Qe2 c6 9. Bg5 h6 10. Bh4 Nh5
1907 Oostende – Round 18 – Schlechter, Carl – 1/2-1/2 – Burn, Amos – G13 1. d4 Nf6 2. Nf3 d6 3. Nc3 Nbd7 4. e4 e5 5. Bc4 Be7 6. O-O O-O 7. h3 c6 8. a4 Nxe4 9. Bxf7+ Rxf7 10. Nxe4 exd4
1913 Scheveningen – Round 1 – Speijer, Abraham – 0-1 – Alekhine, Alexander – G9 1. e4 e5 2. Nf3 d6 3. d4 Nf6 4. Nc3 Nbd7 5. Bc4 Be7 6. O-O O-O 7. Be3 c6 8. dxe5 dxe5 9. a3 b5 10. Bb3 Qc7
1921 Carrasco – Round 10 – Werneck de Castro, Raul – 0-1 – Villegas, Benito – G28 1. d4 Nf6 2. Nf3 d6 3. Nc3 Nbd7 4. e4 e5 5. Bc4 Be7 6. O-O O-O 7. h3 a6 8. a4 Nb6 9. Bb3 exd4 10. Nxd4 c5
1926 Dresden – Round 4 – Yates, Frederic D – 0-1 – Von Holzhausen, Walther – G18 1. e4 e5 2. Nf3 d6 3. d4 Nf6 4. Nc3 Nbd7 5. Bc4 Be7 6. O-O O-O 7. h3 c6 8. Bb3 Qc7 9. Bg5 Re8 10. Re1 Nf8
1927 DSB-25.Kongress – Round 5 – Schoenmann, Wilhelm – 1/2-1/2 – Von Holzhausen, Walther – G22 1. e4 e5 2. Nf3 d6 3. d4 Nf6 4. Nc3 Nbd7 5. Bc4 Be7 6. O-O O-O 7. h3 c6 8. a4 Nxe4 9. Nxe4 d5 10. Nxe5 Nxe5
1932 Cambridge Premier – Round 7 – Yates, Frederic D – 0-1 – Tylor, Theodore – G20 1. e4 e5 2. Nf3 d6 3. d4 Nf6 4. Nc3 Nbd7 5. Bc4 Be7 6. O-O O-O 7. h3 c6 8. Qe2 b5 9. Bd3 a6 10. Nd1 exd4
1940 New York ch-USA – Round 9 – Seidman, Herbert – 0-1 – Simonson, Albert – G48 1. e4 e5 2. Nf3 d6 3. d4 Nf6 4. Nc3 Nbd7 5. Bc4 Be7 6. O-O O-O 7. Be3 c6 8. Qe2 b5 9. Bd3 a6 10. Rad1 Qc7
1943 Mar del Plata – Round 1 – Fenoglio, Virgilio – 1/2-1/2 – Maderna, Carlos – G5 1. d4 Nf6 2. Nf3 d6 3. Nc3 Nbd7 4. e4 e5 5. Bc4 Be7 6. O-O O-O 7. dxe5 dxe5 8. Qe2 c6 9. Bg5 h6 10. Bd2 Qc7
1946 Pittsburgh Open – Round 1 – Fajans, Harry – 1/2-1/2 – Ulvestad, Olaf – G72 1. e4 e5 2. Nf3 d6 3. d4 Nf6 4. Nc3 Nbd7 5. Bc4 Be7 6. O-O O-O 7. Bb3 c6 8. Qe2 Qc7 9. h3 h6 10. Be3 Rd8
1950 Moscow Ch – Round 1 – Bonch-Osmolovsky, Mikhail – 0-1 – Chistiakov, Alexander – G20 1. e4 e5 2. Nf3 d6 3. d4 Nf6 4. Nc3 Nbd7 5. Bc4 Be7 6. O-O O-O 7. h3 c6 8. dxe5 dxe5 9. Qe2 b5 10. Bd3 Qc7
1951 YUG Ch 7th – Round 8 – Nedeljkovic, Srecko M – 0-1 – Udovcic, Mijo – G65 1. e4 e5 2. Nf3 Nf6 3. Nc3 d6 4. d4 Nbd7 5. Bc4 Be7 6. O-O O-O 7. h3 c6 8. Be3 b5 9. Bd3 Qc7 10. a3 Re8
1952 Havana – Round 1 – Romero Aguilar, Ricardo Alberto – 0-1 – Guimard, Carlos E – G29 1. e4 e5 2. Nf3 d6 3. d4 Nf6 4. Nc3 Nbd7 5. Bc4 Be7 6. O-O O-O 7. h3 c6 8. a4 h6 9. Be3 Re8 10. Qd2 Bf8
1952 Havana – Round 16 – Lasker, Edward – 0-1 – Guimard, Carlos E – G126 1. e4 e5 2. Nf3 d6 3. d4 Nf6 4. Nc3 Nbd7 5. Bc4 Be7 6. O-O O-O 7. h3 c6 8. a4 Qc7 9. Ba2 h6 10. Be3 Re8
1955 Hastings5556 – Round 7 – Persitz, Raaphi – 1-0 – Penrose, Justin – G33 1. e4 e5 2. Nf3 d6 3. d4 Nf6 4. Nc3 Nbd7 5. Bc4 Be7 6. O-O O-O 7. h3 c6 8. a4 Qc7 9. Bg5 Re8 10. Re1 Nf8
1956 Moscow olm prel – Round 9 – Gupta Aditya Raj – 0-1 – Penrose, Justin – G278 1. e4 e5 2. Nf3 d6 3. d4 Nf6 4. Nc3 Nbd7 5. Bc4 Be7 6. O-O O-O 7. h3 c6 8. a4 Qc7 9. Bg5 Re8 10. Re1 Nf8
1962 IBM – Round 10 – Kieninger, Georg – 1-0 – Kool, Gerard – G50 1. e4 e5 2. Nf3 d6 3. d4 Nf6 4. Nc3 Nbd7 5. Bc4 Be7 6. O-O O-O 7. h3 c6 8. a4 a5 9. Re1 Qc7 10. b3 exd4
1965 Hamburg etc – Round 4 – Teschner, Rudolf – 1/2-1/2 – Barendregt, Johan – G77 1. d4 d6 2. e4 Nf6 3. Nc3 e5 4. Nf3 Nbd7 5. Bc4 Be7 6. O-O O-O 7. h3 c6 8. Re1 b5 9. Bf1 Bb7 10. a3 a6
1965 Hamburg etc – Round 6 – Radovici, Corvin – 1/2-1/2 – Barendregt, Johan – G107 1. e4 d6 2. d4 Nf6 3. Nc3 e5 4. Nf3 Nbd7 5. Bc4 Be7 6. O-O O-O 7. h3 c6 8. Re1 b5 9. Bf1 Bb7 10. a3 a6
1965 Kiev (Ukraine) – Round ? – Mnatsakanian, Eduard A – 1-0 – Golyak, Isay G – G12 1. e4 e5 2. Nf3 d6 3. d4 Nf6 4. Nc3 Nbd7 5. Bc4 Be7 6. O-O O-O 7. h3 c6 8. a4 Qc7 9. Qe2 h6 10. Ba2 Rd8
1966 Titovo Uzice – Round 1 – Ciric, Dimitrije – 1/2-1/2 – Nikolic, Stanimir – G66 1. e4 d6 2. d4 Nf6 3. Nf3 Nbd7 4. Nc3 e5 5. Bc4 Be7 6. O-O O-O 7. Bb3 c6 8. a4 Qc7 9. Re1 b6 10. h3 Bb7
1966 Titovo Uzice – Round 3 – Ciric, Dragoljub M – 1/2-1/2 – Nikolic, Stanimir – G85 1. e4 d6 2. d4 Nf6 3. Nc3 Nbd7 4. Nf3 e5 5. Bc4 Be7 6. O-O O-O 7. Bb3 c6 8. a4 Qc7 9. Re1 b6 10. h3 Bb7
1969 FRG Ch – Round 8 – Klein, Manfred – 1/2-1/2 – Rellstab, Ludwig – G9 1. e4 e5 2. Nf3 d6 3. d4 Nf6 4. Nc3 Nbd7 5. Bc4 Be7 6. O-O O-O 7. Bb3 c6 8. Qe2 Qc7 9. a4 a5 10. Rd1 b6
1969 Olot – Round 1 – Bosch, Joaquin – 0-1 – Ulvestad, Olaf – G8 1. e4 d6 2. d4 Nf6 3. Nc3 Nbd7 4. Nf3 e5 5. Bc4 Be7 6. O-O O-O 7. h3 c6 8. dxe5 dxe5 9. Qe2 b5 10. Bb3 Qc7
1969 Villa Gesell tt – Round 3 – Rossetto, Aline – 1/2-1/2 – Guimard, Jean Louis – G18 1. e4 e5 2. Nf3 d6 3. d4 Nf6 4. Nc3 Nbd7 5. Bc4 Be7 6. O-O O-O 7. h3 c6 8. a3 b5 9. Ba2 Bb7 10. dxe5 dxe5
FIDE World Blitz Championship 2025 – Round 15 – Amar Elham – 0-1 – Duda Jan-Krzysztof – G290 1. e4 c6 2. d4 d5 3. Nd2 dxe4 4. Nxe4 Nd7 5. Nf3 Ngf6 6. Nc3 g6 7. Bf4 Qb6 8. Rb1 Bg7 9. Bd3 O-O 10. O-O Nh5

C41u — Improved Hanham Main Line

1.e4 e5 2.Nf3 d6 3.d4 Nf6 4.Nc3 Nbd7 5.Bc4 Be7 6.O-O O-O

Eval: [+0.54]

Les coups candidats

7.Re1 — 50.2% (7851 parties) →

Ambassadeurs : Jovanovic, Zoran (46x), Lorscheid, Gerhard (44x), Kunin, Vitaly (34x), Pikula, Dejan (29x), Gagunashvili, Merab (27x), Georgiev, Vladimir (26x), Neuman, Petr (26x), Pribyl, Josef (26x)

7.a4 — 26.4% (4134 parties) →

Ambassadeurs : Kunin, Vitaly (25x), Lubczynski, Rafal (18x), Pribyl, Josef (17x), Kindermann, Stefan (15x), Neuman, Petr (15x), Jovanovic, Zoran (15x), Plat, Vojtech (15x), Bocharov, Dmitry (14x)

7.h3 — 11.5% (1795 parties)

Ambassadeurs : Morin, Louis (14x), Pribyl, Josef (8x), Sroka, Janusz (7x), Borda, Alan (5x), Von Holzhausen, Walther (4x), Schmidt-Schaeffer, Sebastian, Dr. (4x), Izquierdo, Daniel (4x), Janzelj, Lara (4x)

7.Qe2 — 6.9% (1080 parties) →

Ambassadeurs : Morin, Louis (13x), Brglez, Francek (6x), Schmidt-Schaeffer, Sebastian, Dr. (6x), Braun, Gottfried, Dr. (5x), Krapivin, Vladislav (5x), Wahls, Matthias (4x), Durao, Joaquim (4x), Dreyer, Michael, Dr. (4x)

Analyse statistique des coups candidats

Répartition par niveau Elo (% des parties)

Tranche Elo	N parties	7.Re1	7.a4	7.h3	7.Qe2
<1800	190	38%	15%	19%	9%
1800-2200	4315	44%	22%	18%	7%
2200-2600	9811	56%	29%	8%	5%
2600+	303	48%	48%	3%	2%

Évolution par décennie (% des parties)

Décennie	N parties	7.Re1	7.a4	7.h3	7.Qe2
1890s	2	—	—	—	—
1900s	7	—	—	29%	29%
1910s	19	5%	—	5%	42%
1920s	23	4%	4%	30%	39%
1930s	10	—	20%	10%	60%
1940s	18	17%	6%	39%	11%
1950s	29	21%	3%	34%	28%
1960s	55	15%	38%	16%	22%
1970s	144	22%	31%	12%	26%
1980s	260	20%	20%	17%	35%
1990s	1909	35%	28%	15%	15%
2000s	4523	57%	21%	10%	7%
2010s	7125	53%	28%	11%	4%
2020s	1526	47%	36%	14%	1%

Tendances récentes (2010s → 2020s)

Coup	2010s	2020s	Δ
7.Re1	53%	47%	▼ -6.4%
7.a4	28%	36%	▲ +7.6%
7.h3	11%	14%	▲ +2.7%
7.Qe2	4%	1%	▼ -2.4%

Joueurs célèbres

Champions du monde dans cette position

Alekhine, Alexander — 6 parties
Carlsen, Magnus — 6 parties
Hou, Yifan — 4 parties
Botvinnik, Mikhail — 2 parties
Kasparov, Garry — 2 parties
Ju, Wenjun — 2 parties
Gukesh D — 2 parties
Smyslov, Vladimir — 1 partie
Kramnik, Vladimir — 1 partie
Karpov, Anatoly — 1 partie
Anand, Viswanathan — 1 partie

Parties historiques

7.Re1 — 50.2% (7851 parties)

1912 — Alapin, Simon vs Nimzowitsch, Aron — 1/2-1/2 — Vilnius LTU
1923 — Blake, Joseph vs Wahltuch, Victor Leonard — 1-0 — Liverpool
1947 — Fridstein, Grigory vs Konstantinopolsky, Alexander — 0-1 — Moscow RUS
1948 — Pilnick, Carl vs Isaacs, Lewis Jl — 1-0 — Baltimore, MD USA
1948 — Scheffer, D. vs Isaacs, Lewis Jl — 0-1 — Baltimore, MD USA

7.a4 — 26.4% (4134 parties)

1929 — Singer, Leone vs Przepiorka, Dawid — 1-0 — Rogaska Slatina
1935 — Schlage, Willi vs Rellstab, Ludwig — 0-1 — GER ch Bad Aachen
1937 — Zollner Hans vs Heinrich Georg — 1-0 — Bad Oeynhausen GER
1942 — Keres, Paul vs Rellstab, Ludwig — 1-0 — Munich Munich GER
1957 — Keres, Paul vs Penrose, Justin — 1-0 — Hastings ENG

7.h3 — 11.5% (1795 parties)

1902 — Piotrowski, O. vs Leussen, Benjamin — 0-1 — Hannover GER
1907 — Schlechter, Carl vs Burn, Amos — 1/2-1/2 — Ostende
1918 — Beckner vs Casale Morrison, Bruno Eneas — 0-1 — Chicago, IL USA
1921 — Werneck de Castro, Raul vs Villegas, Benito — 0-1 — Carrasco
1924 — Post, Erhard vs Von Holzhausen, Walther — 0-1 — Eisenach

7.Qe2 — 6.9% (1080 parties)

1904 — Gunston, William H vs Curnock, A. — 1/2-1/2 — London ENG
1908 — Nenarokov, Vladimir vs Alekhine, Alexander — 1-0 — Moscow RUS
1911 — Teichmann, Richard vs Nimzowitsch, Aron — 0-1 — San Sebastian ESP
1911 — Teichmann, Richard vs Nimzowitsch, Aron — 1-0 — Carlsbad CZE
1912 — Schlechter, Carl vs Burn, Amos — 1-0 — Breslau GER

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