C14l — French: Classical, Steinitz, 8.Nf3 c5 9.dxc5

1.e4 e6 2.d4 d5 3.Nc3 Nf6 4.Bg5 Be7 5.e5 Nfd7 6.Bxe7 Qxe7 7.f4 O-O 8.Nf3 c5 9.dxc5 * ● Trait aux Noirs

Ouverture — Centre fermé

♔ Point de vue Blancs

8 7 6 5 4 3 2 1

abcdefgh

Plans. Bd3 (Fou actif (mobilité 9), Développer f1 — 44 % des parties) ; Qd2 (Prépare O-O-O — 42 % des parties) ; Qd4 (Centraliser la dame, Prépare O-O-O — 6 % des parties).

♚ Point de vue Noirs

1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8

hgfedcba

Plans. ...Nc6 (Développer b8 — 55 % des parties) ; ...Qxc5 (Centraliser la dame — 21 % des parties) ; ...Nxc5 (Cavalier actif en c5 — 18 % des parties) ; ...f6 (Rupture — 6 % des parties).

Avantages

Faiblesses

Diagonale active

Plans

Structure de pions

	♔ Blancs	♚ Noirs
Pions doublés	● c2, ● c5	—
Pions isolés	—	—
Arriérés	—	—
Chaînes	● f4→e5	● e6→d5, f7→e6
Passés	—	—
Majorité	● aile dame 4v2	—

Cases

	♔ Blancs	♚ Noirs
Cases fortes	● d4 (2v0), ● b5 (2v0), ● g5 (2v1), ● d6 (2v1)	—
Cases faibles	—	● e5
Centre	● d4 (2v0), ● d5 (2v1), ● e5 (2v1)	—

Colonnes et diagonales

	♔ Blancs	♚ Noirs
Semi-ouvertes	● d	● c

Pièces

	♔ Blancs	♚ Noirs
Bf1	● Bf1 Non développé (mob. 5)
Bc8		● Bc8 Non développé (mob. 0)
Paire de fous	Non	Non
Non développées	3 (● f1, ● a1, ● h1)	3 (● b8, ● c8, ● a8)

Sécurité du roi

	♔ Blancs	♚ Noirs
Statut	● Au centre	● Roqué
Droits de roque	O-O / O-O-O	—

Thèmes

	♔ Blancs	♚ Noirs
Phase	Ouverture
Centre	fermé
Ruptures	● c5-c6, ● f4-f5	● …f7-f6

Partie
1938 URS Ch, semi final – Round 1 – Belavenets, Sergey – 1/2-1/2 – Konstantinopolsky, Alexander – G8 1. d4 e6 2. e4 d5 3. Nc3 Nf6 4. Bg5 Be7 5. e5 Nfd7 6. Bxe7 Qxe7 7. f4 O-O 8. Nf3 c5 9. dxc5 Nc6 10. Bd3 f5
1941 Buenos Aires Circulo – Round 3 – Pilnik, Herman – 0-1 – Stahlberg, Gideon – G10 1. e4 e6 2. d4 d5 3. Nc3 Nf6 4. Bg5 Be7 5. e5 Nfd7 6. Bxe7 Qxe7 7. f4 O-O 8. Nf3 c5 9. dxc5 Nc6 10. Bd3 f6
1949 Moskou ch-URS – Round 1 – Keres, Paul – 1-0 – Lilienthal, Andor – G143 1. e4 e6 2. d4 d5 3. Nc3 Nf6 4. Bg5 Be7 5. e5 Nfd7 6. Bxe7 Qxe7 7. f4 O-O 8. Nf3 c5 9. dxc5 Nxc5 10. Bd3 f5
1951 Oxford – Round 5 – Heidenfeld, Wolfgang – 1/2-1/2 – Yanofsky, Daniel Abraham – G11 1. e4 e6 2. d4 d5 3. Nc3 Nf6 4. Bg5 Be7 5. e5 Nfd7 6. Bxe7 Qxe7 7. f4 O-O 8. Nf3 c5 9. dxc5 Nc6 10. Bd3 f6
1952 Moscow Ch – Round 3 – Liublinsky, Victor – 0-1 – Gusev, Yuri – G19 1. e4 e6 2. d4 d5 3. Nc3 Nf6 4. Bg5 Be7 5. e5 Nfd7 6. Bxe7 Qxe7 7. f4 O-O 8. Nf3 c5 9. dxc5 Nc6 10. Bd3 f5
1953 NRW Ch – Round 2 – Christoph, Manfred, Dr. – 1/2-1/2 – Lachmann, Hans G – G5 1. e4 e6 2. d4 d5 3. Nc3 Nf6 4. Bg5 Be7 5. e5 Nfd7 6. Bxe7 Qxe7 7. f4 O-O 8. Nf3 c5 9. dxc5 f6 10. exf6 Rxf6
1955 Hamburg – Round 12 – Darga, Klaus – 1/2-1/2 – Stahlberg, Gideon – G95 1. e4 e6 2. d4 d5 3. Nc3 Nf6 4. Bg5 Be7 5. e5 Nfd7 6. Bxe7 Qxe7 7. f4 O-O 8. Nf3 c5 9. dxc5 Nxc5 10. Bd3 f6
1956 Moscow olm fin-A – Round 7 – Blau, Max – 1-0 – Czerniak, Magdalena – G121 1. e4 e6 2. d4 d5 3. Nc3 Nf6 4. Bg5 Be7 5. e5 Nfd7 6. Bxe7 Qxe7 7. f4 O-O 8. Nf3 c5 9. dxc5 Nxc5 10. Bd3 f6
1957 Dallas – Round 1 – Gligorić, Svetozar – 1-0 – Yanofsky, Daniel Abraham – G29 1. e4 e6 2. d4 d5 3. Nc3 Nf6 4. Bg5 Be7 5. e5 Nfd7 6. Bxe7 Qxe7 7. f4 O-O 8. Nf3 c5 9. dxc5 Nc6 10. Bd3 f6
1958 Munich olm fin-B – Round 3 – Porath, Yosef – 1/2-1/2 – Staahlberg, Gideon – G11 1. d4 e6 2. e4 d5 3. Nc3 Nf6 4. Bg5 Be7 5. e5 Nfd7 6. Bxe7 Qxe7 7. f4 O-O 8. Nf3 c5 9. dxc5 f5 10. b4 a5
1958 Munich olm prel – Round 5 – Kupper, Josef – 1/2-1/2 – Ståhlberg, Gideon – G122 1. e4 e6 2. d4 d5 3. Nc3 Nf6 4. Bg5 Be7 5. e5 Nfd7 6. Bxe7 Qxe7 7. f4 O-O 8. Nf3 c5 9. dxc5 Nc6 10. Qe2 f5
1958 WchT U26 fin-A 05th – Round 4 – Gipslis, Aivars – 1-0 – Emma, Jaime – G44 1. e4 e6 2. d4 d5 3. Nc3 Nf6 4. Bg5 Be7 5. e5 Nfd7 6. Bxe7 Qxe7 7. f4 O-O 8. Nf3 c5 9. dxc5 Nc6 10. Bd3 f6
1960 Moscow-Leningrad m – Round 2.23 – Karelov, Aleksandr – 1-0 – Gusev, Yuri S – G34 1. e4 e6 2. d4 d5 3. Nc3 Nf6 4. Bg5 Be7 5. e5 Nfd7 6. Bxe7 Qxe7 7. f4 O-O 8. Nf3 c5 9. dxc5 Nc6 10. Bd3 f5
1960 UKR Ch – Round 10 – Zurakhov, Vladlen Y – 1-0 – Lewicki, Sergey – G64 1. e4 e6 2. d4 d5 3. Nc3 Nf6 4. Bg5 Be7 5. e5 Nfd7 6. Bxe7 Qxe7 7. f4 O-O 8. Nf3 c5 9. dxc5 f6 10. exf6 Rxf6
1961 Torremolinos – Round 1 – Gligorić, Svetozar – 1/2-1/2 – Heidenfeld, Wolfgang – G1 1. d4 e6 2. e4 d5 3. Nc3 Nf6 4. Bg5 Be7 5. e5 Nfd7 6. Bxe7 Qxe7 7. f4 O-O 8. Nf3 c5 9. dxc5 Nc6 10. Bd3 f5
1961 Torremolinos – Round 5 – Farre Mallofre, Miguel – 1/2-1/2 – Heidenfeld, Wolfgang – G22 1. e4 e6 2. d4 d5 3. Nc3 Nf6 4. Bg5 Be7 5. e5 Nfd7 6. Bxe7 Qxe7 7. f4 O-O 8. Nf3 c5 9. dxc5 Nc6 10. Bd3 f6
1962 Fischer simul Copenhagen – Round ? – Fischer, Robert J – 0-1 – Truelsen, Ole Illum – G10 1. e4 e6 2. d4 d5 3. Nc3 Nf6 4. Bg5 Be7 5. e5 Nfd7 6. Bxe7 Qxe7 7. f4 O-O 8. Nf3 c5 9. dxc5 Nc6 10. Bd3 f5
1963 Halle zt – Round ? – Kavalek, Lubomir – 1/2-1/2 – Donner, Jan-Hein – G165 1. e4 e6 2. d4 d5 3. Nc3 Nf6 4. Bg5 Be7 5. e5 Nfd7 6. Bxe7 Qxe7 7. f4 O-O 8. Nf3 c5 9. dxc5 Nc6 10. Bd3 f6
1965 Chigorin Memorial – Round 4 – Nezhmetdinov, Rashid – 1-0 – Lein, Anatoly – G19 1. e4 e6 2. d4 d5 3. Nc3 Nf6 4. Bg5 Be7 5. e5 Nfd7 6. Bxe7 Qxe7 7. f4 O-O 8. Nf3 c5 9. dxc5 f6 10. exf6 Qxf6
1966 URS Team Ch – Round ? – ? – 1/2-1/2 – Murey, Jacob – G10 1. d4 Nf6 2. Nc3 d5 3. Bg5 e6 4. e4 Be7 5. e5 Nfd7 6. Bxe7 Qxe7 7. f4 O-O 8. Nf3 c5 9. dxc5 f6 10. exf6 Qxf6
1968 Bristol ch-BCF – Round 4 – Knox, Victor W – 1-0 – Wood, Beau – G53 1. e4 e6 2. d4 d5 3. Nc3 Nf6 4. Bg5 Be7 5. e5 Nfd7 6. Bxe7 Qxe7 7. f4 O-O 8. Nf3 c5 9. dxc5 Qxc5 10. Qd4 Nc6
1969 POL-SVE – Round 1.2 – Olsson, Ake – 0-1 – Bednarski, Jacek B – G2 1. e4 e6 2. d4 d5 3. Nc3 Nf6 4. Bg5 Be7 5. e5 Nfd7 6. Bxe7 Qxe7 7. f4 O-O 8. Nf3 c5 9. dxc5 f6 10. exf6 Qxf6
1969 Skopje – Round 1 – Ciocaltea, Victor – 1-0 – Yoffie, Marc – G19 1. e4 e6 2. d4 d5 3. Nc3 Nf6 4. Bg5 Be7 5. e5 Nfd7 6. Bxe7 Qxe7 7. f4 O-O 8. Nf3 c5 9. dxc5 Nc6 10. Bd3 f6

C14l — Classical, Steinitz (1938)

1.e4 e6 2.d4 d5 3.Nc3 Nf6 4.Bg5 Be7 5.e5 Nfd7 6.Bxe7 Qxe7 7.f4 O-O 8.Nf3 c5 9.dxc5

Les coups candidats

9…Nc6 — 55.0% (437 parties)

Ambassadeurs : Ulybin, Mikhail (9x), Gleizerov, Evgeny (9x), Zueger, Beat (8x), Jurkovic, Ante (7x), Edwards, Jonathan (4x), Nikolenko, Oleg (4x), Holmberg, Rune (4x), Rudolf, Anna (4x)

9…Qxc5 — 20.9% (166 parties)

Ambassadeurs : Gaujens, Artis (13x), Felgaer, Ruben (4x), Czerniak, Moshe (2x), Yanofsky, Daniel Abraham (2x), Paneque Martin, Pedro (2x), Hoi, Carsten (2x), Sziva, Erika (2x), Kos, Igor (2x)

9…Nxc5 — 17.5% (139 parties)

Ambassadeurs : ? (4x), Arnason, Jon L (2x), Schnepp, Gunnar (2x), Vasiukov, Evgeni (1x), Gusev, Yuri S (1x), Aditya Balu Jadhav (1x), Cherniak, Mykhailo (1x), Longwitz, Andreas (1x)

9…f6 — 5.9% (47 parties)

Ambassadeurs : Bagirov, Rahman (4x), ? (1x), Murey, Jacob (1x), Nezhmetdinov, Rashid (1x), Lein, Anatoly (1x), Christoph, Manfred, Dr. (1x), Lachmann, Hans G (1x), Zurakhov, Vladlen Y (1x)

Analyse statistique des coups candidats

Répartition par niveau Elo (% des parties)

Tranche Elo	N parties	9…Nc6	9…Qxc5	9…Nxc5	9…f6
<1800	43	47%	16%	33%	2%
1800-2200	231	55%	17%	24%	4%
2200-2600	342	59%	25%	10%	5%
2600+	3	67%	—	33%	—

Évolution par décennie (% des parties)

Décennie	N parties	9…Nc6	9…Qxc5	9…Nxc5	9…f6
1950s	17	35%	24%	29%	6%
1960s	20	55%	15%	5%	20%
1970s	12	42%	8%	42%	—
1980s	79	46%	34%	10%	10%
1990s	204	56%	26%	11%	7%
2000s	248	56%	21%	16%	6%
2010s	189	59%	12%	27%	2%
2020s	25	52%	8%	32%	4%

Tendances récentes (2010s → 2020s)

Coup	2010s	2020s	Δ
9…Nc6	59%	52%	▼ -6.7%
9…Qxc5	12%	8%	▼ -4.2%
9…Nxc5	27%	32%	▲ +5.0%
9…f6	2%	4%	▲ +2.4%

Parties historiques

9…Nc6 — 55.0% (437 parties)

1951 — Heidenfeld, Wolfgang vs Yanofsky, Daniel Abraham — 1/2-1/2 — Oxford ENG
1952 — Simagin, Vladimir vs Liublinsky, Victor — 0-1 — URS-ch sf Sochi RUS
1952 — Liublinsky, Victor vs Gusev, Yuri — 0-1 — Moscow RUS
1957 — Gligoric, Sofija vs Yanofsky, Daniel Abraham — 1-0 — Dallas, TX USA
1958 — Kupper, Josef vs GIDEON SUNDAY — 1/2-1/2 — Munich GER

9…Qxc5 — 20.9% (166 parties)

1952 — Penrose, Jonathan vs Yanofsky, Daniel Abraham — 0-1 — Hastings ENG
1954 — Brasket, Curt J vs Yanofsky, Daniel Abraham — 1/2-1/2 — Winnipeg-Minneapolis m
1958 — Sterner, Olof vs Czerniak, Moshe — 1-0 — Munich olm fin-B
1959 — Stockl, Cameron vs Czerniak, Moshe — 1-0 — Vienna AUT
1961 — Cook, Percy Baldwin vs Baxter, Raymond Wallace Mart — 1/2-1/2 — Aberystwyth

9…Nxc5 — 17.5% (139 parties)

1955 — Darga, Klaus vs Stahlberg, Gideon — 1/2-1/2 — Hamburg GER
1955 — Budrich, Edmund vs Lott, Andrew — 1-0 — Munich GER
1956 — Aditya Balu Jadhav vs Cherniak, Mykhailo — 1-0 — Moscow RUS
1956 — Puc, Fabrice vs Balcarek, Wiktor — 1/2-1/2 — Krynica POL
1957 — Vasiukov, Evgeni vs Gusev, Yuri S — 1/2-1/2 — Moscow RUS

9…f6 — 5.9% (47 parties)

1953 — Christoph, Manfred, Dr. vs Lachmann, Hans G — 1/2-1/2 — Bielefeld
1960 — Zurakhov, Vladlen Y vs Lewicki, Sergey — 1-0 — Kiev UKR
1965 — Nezhmetdinov, Rashid vs Lein, Anatoly — 1-0 — Sochi RUS
1966 — ? vs Murey, Jacob — 1/2-1/2 — URS
1969 — Olsson, Ake vs Bednarski, Jacek — 0-1 — Lodz POL

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