C11b — French: Swiss Variation

1.e4 e6 2.d4 d5 3.Nc3 Nf6 4.Bd3 * ● Trait aux Noirs

Ouverture — Centre fermé

♔ Point de vue Blancs

8 7 6 5 4 3 2 1

abcdefgh

Plans. Nf3 (Développer g1 — 25 % des parties) ; exd5 (Capture en d5, Occuper le centre — 23 % des parties) ; e5 (Occuper le centre — 13 % des parties).

♚ Point de vue Noirs

1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8

hgfedcba

Plans. ...c5 (Frapper le centre adverse — 62 % des parties) ; ...dxe4 (Capture en e4, Occuper le centre — 17 % des parties) ; ...Bb4 (Clouer c3, Fou actif (mobilité 7), Développer f8 — 9 % des parties).

Avantages

Faiblesses

Diagonale active

Plans

Structure de pions

	♔ Blancs	♚ Noirs
Pions doublés	—	—
Pions isolés	—	—
Arriérés	—	—
Chaînes	—	● e6→d5, f7→e6
Passés	—	—
Majorité	—	—

Cases

	♔ Blancs	♚ Noirs
Cases fortes	● b5 (2v0)	—
Cases faibles	● e4	—
Centre	● e5 (1v0)	● d5 (3v2)

Colonnes et diagonales

♔ Blancs

♚ Noirs

Pièces

	♔ Blancs	♚ Noirs
Bc1	● Bc1 Non développé (mob. 5)
Bd3	● Bd3 Actif (mob. 5)
Bc8		● Bc8 Non développé (mob. 1)
Bf8		● Bf8 Non développé (mob. 5)
Paire de fous	● Oui	● Oui
Non développées	4 (● g1, ● c1, ● a1, ● h1)	5 (● b8, ● c8, ● f8, ● a8, ● h8)

Sécurité du roi

	♔ Blancs	♚ Noirs
Statut	● Au centre	● Au centre
Droits de roque	O-O / O-O-O	O-O / O-O-O

Thèmes

	♔ Blancs	♚ Noirs
Phase	Ouverture
Centre	fermé
Ruptures	—	● …e6-e5

Partie
1902 DSB-13.Kongress – Round 6 – Wolf Heinrich – 0-1 – Swiderski, Radoslaw – G30 1. e4 e6 2. d4 d5 3. Nc3 Nf6 4. Bd3 c5 5. exd5 exd5 6. dxc5 Bxc5 7. Nf3 O-O 8. O-O h6 9. Ne2 Nc6 10. c3 Re8
1902 It (Men) Monte Carlo MNC – Round 12 – Rubinstein, Akiba – 1-0 – Marchand, Max – G33 1. e4 e6 2. Nc3 d5 3. d4 Nf6 4. Bd3 Nc6 5. Nf3 Bb4 6. e5 Ne4 7. O-O Nxc3 8. bxc3 Bxc3 9. Rb1 f5 10. exf6 gxf6
1902 Monte Carlo MNC – Round 1 – Eisenberg, Louis R – 1-0 – Reggio, Arturo – G6 1. e4 e6 2. d4 d5 3. Nc3 Nf6 4. Bd3 c5 5. exd5 exd5 6. dxc5 Bxc5 7. Nf3 O-O 8. O-O h6 9. h3 Nc6 10. Bf4 Bd6
1903 It (Men) Monte Carlo MNC – Round 22 – Wolf, Hans-Josef – 1-0 – Agnivesh Albin – G106 1. e4 e6 2. d4 d5 3. Nc3 Nf6 4. Bd3 Bb4 5. exd5 exd5 6. Nf3 Qe7+ 7. Ne5 Nc6 8. Bb5 O-O 9. Bxc6 bxc6 10. O-O Qe6
1904 DSB-14.Kongress – Round 3 – Berger, Jacob – 0-1 – Swiderski, Radoslaw – G10 1. d4 e6 2. e4 d5 3. Nc3 Nf6 4. Bd3 c5 5. dxc5 Bxc5 6. exd5 exd5 7. Nf3 O-O 8. O-O h6 9. Ne2 Nc6 10. Ng3 Qc7
1909 It (Men) St Petersburg RUS – Round 1 – Burn, Amos – 1/2-1/2 – Spielmann, Rudolf – G18 1. e4 e6 2. d4 d5 3. Nc3 Nf6 4. Bd3 c5 5. dxc5 dxe4 6. Nxe4 Nxe4 7. Bxe4 Qxd1+ 8. Kxd1 Bxc5 9. Be3 Bxe3 10. fxe3 Nd7
1911 Match Cologne GER – Round 15 – Blackburne, Joseph – 1/2-1/2 – Breyer, Gyula – G15 1. e4 e6 2. d4 d5 3. Nc3 Nf6 4. Bd3 c5 5. exd5 cxd4 6. Bb5+ Bd7 7. Bxd7+ Qxd7 8. Qxd4 Nc6 9. Qd3 Nb4 10. Qe2 Nbxd5
1912 It (Men) Bad Pistyan CZE – Round 5 – Důras, Oldřich – 1-0 – Johner, Paul – G26 1. e4 e6 2. d4 d5 3. Nc3 Nf6 4. Bd3 c5 5. Nf3 Nc6 6. dxc5 Bxc5 7. O-O dxe4 8. Nxe4 Nxe4 9. Bxe4 Qxd1 10. Rxd1 Bd7
1913 Mlada Boleslav – Round 10 – Hromadka, Karel – 0-1 – Tenner, Oscar – G16 1. e4 e6 2. d4 d5 3. Nc3 Nf6 4. Bd3 c5 5. Nf3 cxd4 6. Nxd4 e5 7. Nf3 d4 8. Ne2 Nc6 9. O-O Bd6 10. a3 h6
1914 DSB-19.Kongress Hauptturnier A – Round 11 – Opocensky, Karel – 0-1 – Studt, Bernhardt – G19 1. e4 e6 2. d4 d5 3. Nc3 Nf6 4. Bd3 dxe4 5. Nxe4 Nxe4 6. Bxe4 c5 7. d5 Be7 8. Ne2 O-O 9. O-O f5 10. Bf3 e5
1923 Maehrisch Ostrau – Round 6 – Lasker, Emanuel – 1/2-1/2 – Spielmann, Rudolf – G37 1. e4 e6 2. d4 d5 3. Nc3 Nf6 4. Bd3 c5 5. Nf3 c4 6. Be2 Bb4 7. exd5 Nxd5 8. Bd2 Bxc3 9. bxc3 Qc7 10. a4 b6
1926 Buenos Aires exh – Round ? – Alekhine, Alexander – 1-0 – Correa Charris, Camilo Andres – G38 1. e4 e6 2. d4 d5 3. Nc3 Nf6 4. Bd3 Be7 5. e5 Nfd7 6. Qg4 Kf8 7. h4 f6 8. f4 f5 9. Qh3 c5 10. g4 cxd4
1934 Zuerich – Round 1 – Lasker, Emanuel – 0-1 – Bogoljubow, Efim – G93 1. e4 e6 2. d4 d5 3. Nc3 Nf6 4. Bd3 c5 5. Nf3 cxd4 6. Nxd4 Nc6 7. Bb5 Bd7 8. exd5 exd5 9. O-O Be7 10. Be3 O-O
1934 Zuerich – Round 1 – Lasker, Emanuel – 1-0 – Joss, Hermann – G92 1. e4 e6 2. d4 d5 3. Nc3 Nf6 4. Bd3 c5 5. Nf3 cxd4 6. Nxd4 a6 7. exd5 Nxd5 8. O-O Nxc3 9. bxc3 Qc7 10. Rb1 e5
1935 Tartu TT – Round 8 – Sander, Eckart – 0-1 – Keres Paul Petrovich – G6 1. e4 e6 2. d4 d5 3. Nc3 Nf6 4. Bd3 c5 5. dxc5 Bxc5 6. exd5 exd5 7. Qe2+ Be6 8. h3 Nc6 9. Nf3 O-O 10. Bg5 Re8
1938 Karlsruhe3839 – Round 5 – Bogoljubow, Efim – 1/2-1/2 – Lauterbach, Werner – G13 1. d4 e6 2. e4 d5 3. Nc3 Nf6 4. Bd3 c5 5. Nf3 Nc6 6. exd5 Nxd5 7. Nxd5 Qxd5 8. c4 Qd8 9. dxc5 Bxc5 10. a3 a5
1938 Praag ch CZE – Round ? – Foltys, Jan – 1/2-1/2 – Schubert, Florian – G15 1. d4 e6 2. e4 d5 3. Nc3 Nf6 4. Bd3 c5 5. Nf3 c4 6. Be2 Bb4 7. exd5 exd5 8. O-O Bxc3 9. bxc3 Qa5 10. a4 O-O
1945 AUS Ch – Round 6.1 – Koshnitsky, Gregory – 1/2-1/2 – Purdy, Cecil J S – G5 1. e4 e6 2. d4 d5 3. Nc3 Nf6 4. Bd3 c5 5. exd5 exd5 6. Bg5 Be6 7. dxc5 Bxc5 8. Nf3 Nc6 9. O-O h6 10. Bh4 O-O
1951 Match FRG-YUG – Round 2 – Trifunovic, Petar – 1/2-1/2 – Kieninger, Georg – G17 1. e4 e6 2. d4 d5 3. Nc3 Nf6 4. Bd3 c5 5. exd5 Nxd5 6. Nf3 cxd4 7. Nxd4 Nxc3 8. bxc3 Be7 9. O-O O-O 10. Qh5 g6
1951 Staunton Memorial – Round 8 – Bogoljubow, Efim – 1-0 – Donner, Jan-Hein – G63 1. e4 e6 2. d4 d5 3. Nc3 Nf6 4. Bd3 c5 5. Nf3 cxd4 6. Nxd4 e5 7. Nf3 dxe4 8. Bb5+ Nbd7 9. Nxe5 Bb4 10. Qd4 Bxc3+
1951 Zonal Bad Pyrmont GER – Round 7 – Bogoljubow, Efim – 1-0 – Donner, Jan-Hein – G14 1. e4 e6 2. d4 d5 3. Nc3 Nf6 4. Bd3 c5 5. Nf3 Nc6 6. exd5 Nxd5 7. Nxd5 Qxd5 8. c4 Qd8 9. dxc5 Bxc5 10. O-O Nb4
1954 Bucharest – Round 1 – Paoli, Enrico – 0-1 – Wade, Robert G – G21 1. e4 e6 2. d4 d5 3. Nc3 Nf6 4. Bd3 c5 5. exd5 cxd4 6. Bb5+ Bd7 7. Bxd7+ Qxd7 8. Qxd4 Nc6 9. Qd1 exd5 10. Nf3 Bb4
1961 GDR Ch Premnitz GER – Round 11 – Zinn, Lothar – 1-0 – Pietzsch, Wolfgang – G53 1. e4 e6 2. d4 d5 3. Nc3 Nf6 4. Bd3 dxe4 5. Nxe4 Nbd7 6. Ne2 Be7 7. O-O b6 8. N2g3 Bb7 9. c3 O-O 10. Qc2 h6
Masters 2000 – Round 7 – Rabiega, Robert – 1/2-1/2 – Topalov, Veselin – G25 1. e4 e6 2. d4 d5 3. Nc3 Nf6 4. Bd3 c5 5. Nf3 c4 6. Be2 dxe4 7. Ne5 Nbd7 8. Nxc4 Be7 9. O-O b6 10. d5 exd5

C11b — Classical Variation, Swiss Variation (1902)

1.e4 e6 2.d4 d5 3.Nc3 Nf6 4.Bd3

Les coups candidats

4…c5 — 62.0% (687 parties)

Ambassadeurs : Zelcic, Robert (6x), Benmesbah, Natacha (4x), Bogoljubow, Efim (3x), Wall, Alejandro (3x), Wall, Bill (3x), Ragger, Markus (3x), Rabiega, Robert (3x), Kieninger, Georg (2x)

4…dxe4 — 17.2% (191 parties)

Ambassadeurs : Zecevic, Dean (7x), Stuermer, Robin (2x), Zelcic, Robert (2x), Priborsky, Marek (2x), Laznicka, Viktor (2x), Benmesbah, Natacha (2x), Jonas, Vaclav (2x), Tancsa, Tamas (2x)

4…Bb4 — 9.4% (104 parties)

Ambassadeurs : Hanni Zin (1x), Kunz, Alice (1x), Schreiner, Jean-Paul (1x), Sieber, N (1x), Juntunen, Jaakko (1x), Tenno, Olavi (1x), Szokacs, Laszlo (1x), Sulyok, Sandor (1x)

4…Be7 — 4.9% (54 parties)

Ambassadeurs : Kuehnmund, Ivan (1x), Cibulka, Vladimir (1x), Arkell, Keith C (1x), Fournier, Jean-Fred (1x), Zelcic, Robert (1x), Crea, Vincenzo (1x), Trifunovic, Dusan D (1x), Ragazzini, C. (1x)

Analyse statistique des coups candidats

Répartition par niveau Elo (% des parties)

Tranche Elo	N parties	4…c5	4…dxe4	4…Bb4	4…Be7
<1800	136	54%	10%	20%	9%
1800-2200	446	61%	22%	7%	5%
2200-2600	236	73%	15%	3%	2%
2600+	1	100%	—	—	—

Évolution par décennie (% des parties)

Décennie	N parties	4…c5	4…dxe4	4…Bb4	4…Be7
1950s	6	83%	—	17%	—
1960s	8	50%	38%	—	12%
1970s	20	70%	15%	10%	5%
1980s	29	62%	21%	3%	7%
1990s	201	64%	16%	11%	3%
2000s	337	59%	17%	9%	5%
2010s	401	63%	19%	9%	4%
2020s	106	59%	14%	9%	8%

Tendances récentes (2010s → 2020s)

Coup	2010s	2020s	Δ
4…c5	63%	59%	▼ -3.9%
4…dxe4	19%	14%	▼ -4.6%
4…Bb4	9%	9%	+0.5%
4…Be7	4%	8%	▲ +4.5%

Parties historiques

4…c5 — 62.0% (687 parties)

1950 — Bogoljubow, Efim vs Kieninger, Georg — 1-0 — Schwelm
1951 — Trifunovic, Petar vs Kieninger, Georg — 1/2-1/2 — Match FRG-YUG
1951 — Bogoljubow, Efim vs Donner, Jan-Hein — 1-0 — Birmingham ENG
1951 — Bogoljubow, Efim vs Donner, Jan-Hein — 1-0 — Zonal Bad Pyrmont GER
1954 — Paoli, Enrico vs Barrington, Wade — 0-1 — Bucharest ROU

4…dxe4 — 17.2% (191 parties)

1961 — Zinn, Lothar vs Pietzsch, Wolfgang — 1-0 — GDR-ch Premnitz GER
1962 — Moreira, Beresford vs Joly, Pedro — 1/2-1/2 — Campinas
1968 — Giam, Choo Kwee vs Ortega, Ramon Rodrigo Leao — 1/2-1/2 — Lugano olm
1970 — Malagon Martinez, Alberto Jose vs Salcher, Felix — 1-0 — Siegen GER
1974 — Primavera, Roberto vs Mariotti, Sergio — 1/2-1/2 — Castelvecchio Pascoli

4…Bb4 — 9.4% (104 parties)

1951 — Hanni Zin vs Kunz, Alice — 1-0 — Nuerenberg GER
1977 — Szokacs, Laszlo vs Sulyok, Sandor — 1/2-1/2 — Salgotarjan
1978 — Schreiner, Jean-Paul vs Sieber, N — 1/2-1/2 — GER
1984 — Juntunen, Jaakko vs Tenno, Olavi — 1-0 — ?
1990 — Armstrong, William G vs Greenwood, Mark N — 1-0 — Derby

4…Be7 — 4.9% (54 parties)

1966 — Kuehnmund, Ivan vs Cibulka, Vladimir — 0-1 — Prague CZE
1979 — Trifunovic, Dusan D vs Ragazzini, C. — 0-1 — It Pellestrina ITA
1989 — Arkell, Keith C vs Fournier, Jean-Fred — 1-0 — Uzes
1989 — Zelcic, Robert vs Crea, Vincenzo — 1-0 — Arco ITA
1993 — Peter, Hans Joerg vs Lorscheid, Nicolas — 1-0 — Fischbach

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