B22h — Sicilian: Alapin, 2…d5 3.exd5 Qxd5 4.d4 Nc6 5.Nf3 cxd4 6.cxd4

1.e4 c5 2.c3 d5 3.exd5 Qxd5 4.d4 Nc6 5.Nf3 cxd4 6.cxd4 * ● Trait aux Noirs

Ouverture — Centre semi-ouvert

♔ Point de vue Blancs

8 7 6 5 4 3 2 1

abcdefgh

Plan principal. Attaque sur le roi adverse resté au centre.

Atouts. Les Blancs s'appuient sur la case forte g5, la paire de fous et la colonne semi-ouverte e.

Côté adverse. Les fous enfermés en c8 et f8 et le roi resté au centre.

En contrepartie. Le roi n'est pas encore à l'abri, plusieurs pièces dorment encore (le cavalier b1, les fous c1 et f1 et les tours a1 et h1) et le pion isolé d4.

Plans. Nc3 (Développer Nb1) ; Be3 (Développer Bc1) ; Bd3 (Développer Bf1) ; h3 (Empêcher ...Bg4).

♚ Point de vue Noirs

1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8

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Plan principal. Attaque sur le roi adverse resté au centre.

Atouts. Les Noirs s'appuient sur la case forte f5, la paire de fous et la colonne semi-ouverte d.

Côté adverse. Le pion isolé d4, les fous enfermés en c1 et f1 et le roi resté au centre.

En contrepartie. Le roi n'est pas encore à l'abri et plusieurs pièces dorment encore (le cavalier g8, les fous c8 et f8 et les tours a8 et h8).

Plans. ...Nf6 (Développer Ng8) ; ...Bg4 (Développer Bc8, clouer Nf3) ; ...e6 (Rupture) ; ...e5 (Rupture) ; ...f5 (Rupture).

Avantages

Faiblesses adverses

Diagonale active

Plans

Structure de pions

	♔ Blancs	♚ Noirs
Pions doublés	—	—
Pions isolés	● d4	—
Arriérés	—	—
Chaînes	—	—
Passés	—	—
Majorité	—	—

Cases

	♔ Blancs	♚ Noirs
Cases fortes	● g5 (2v1)	● f5 (2v0)
Cases faibles	● d4	● e5
Centre	—	● e4 (1v0)

Colonnes et diagonales

	♔ Blancs	♚ Noirs
Ouvertes	● c	● c
Semi-ouvertes	● e	● d

Pièces

	♔ Blancs	♚ Noirs
Bc1	● Bc1 Non développé (mob. 5)
Bf1	● Bf1 Non développé (mob. 5)
Bc8		● Bc8 Non développé (mob. 5)
Bf8		● Bf8 Non développé (mob. 0)
Paire de fous	● Oui	● Oui
Non développées	5 (● b1, ● c1, ● f1, ● a1, ● h1)	5 (● g8, ● c8, ● f8, ● a8, ● h8)

Sécurité du roi

	♔ Blancs	♚ Noirs
Statut	● Au centre !	● Au centre !
Droits de roque	O-O / O-O-O	O-O / O-O-O

Thèmes

	♔ Blancs	♚ Noirs
Phase	Ouverture
Centre	semi-ouvert
Ruptures	—	● …e7-e6, ● …e7-e5, ● …f7-f6, ● …f7-f5

Partie
1905 It (Men) Stockholm SWE – Round 25 – Tartakower, Savielly – 1-0 – Blackburne, Joseph – G89 1. e4 c5 2. c3 Nc6 3. d4 cxd4 4. cxd4 d5 5. exd5 Qxd5 6. Nf3 e5 7. dxe5 Qxd1+ 8. Kxd1 Bg4 9. Bf4 Bc5 10. Nd2 Nge7
1905 Ostende – Round 1 – Wolf, Hans-Josef – 1-0 – Blackburne, Joseph – G4 1. e4 c5 2. c3 Nc6 3. d4 cxd4 4. cxd4 d5 5. exd5 Qxd5 6. Nf3 e5 7. dxe5 Qxd1+ 8. Kxd1 Bg4 9. Bf4 Bc5 1-0
1907 Karlsbad – Round 1 – Wolf Heinrich – 1/2-1/2 – Marshall Viele, Fabrizio Aaron – G59 1. e4 c5 2. c3 d5 3. exd5 Qxd5 4. d4 cxd4 5. cxd4 Nc6 6. Nf3 e5 7. Nc3 Bb4 8. Bd2 Bxc3 9. Bxc3 Nge7 10. dxe5 O-O
1907 Ostende II – Round 3 – Perlis, Julius – 0-1 – Tartakower, Savielly – G37 1. e4 c5 2. c3 d5 3. exd5 Qxd5 4. d4 cxd4 5. cxd4 Nc6 6. Nf3 Bg4 7. Be2 e6 8. Nc3 Qa5 9. O-O Nf6 10. Ne5 Bxe2
1908 Vienna – Round 19 – Perlis, Julius – 1/2-1/2 – Rubinstein, Akiba – G188 1. e4 c5 2. c3 d5 3. exd5 Qxd5 4. d4 cxd4 5. cxd4 Nc6 6. Nf3 Bg4 7. Be2 e6 8. Nc3 Qd7 9. Be3 Bd6 10. O-O Nf6
1911 Karlsbad – Round 1 – Nimzowitsch, Aron – 1-0 – Chajes, Oscar – G125 1. e4 c5 2. c3 Nc6 3. d4 cxd4 4. cxd4 d5 5. exd5 Qxd5 6. Nf3 e5 7. Nc3 Bb4 8. Bd2 Bxc3 9. Bxc3 e4 10. Ne5 Nxe5
1942 Mar del Plata – Round 6 – Corte, Cesar J – 1-0 – Fenoglio, Virgilio – G53 1. e4 c6 2. d4 d5 3. exd5 cxd5 4. c4 Nc6 5. cxd5 Qxd5 6. Nf3 e5 7. Nc3 Bb4 8. Bd2 Bxc3 9. Bxc3 e4 10. Ne5 Nxe5
1943 Olomouc sim – Round ? – Alekhine, Alexander – 1/2-1/2 – Jilek A – G3 1. e4 c5 2. c3 Nc6 3. d4 cxd4 4. cxd4 d5 5. exd5 Qxd5 6. Nf3 Nf6 7. Nc3 Qd8 8. d5 Nb8 9. Bb5+ Bd7 10. O-O g6
1949 BRA Ch – Round ? – Carvalho, Flavio – 0-1 – De Souza Mendes, Joao – G20 1. e4 c5 2. c3 d5 3. exd5 Qxd5 4. d4 cxd4 5. cxd4 Nc6 6. Nf3 Bg4 7. Be2 e6 8. O-O Nf6 9. Nc3 Qd7 10. Be3 Bd6
1953 Venice – Round 5 – Canal, Esteban – 1-0 – Szabados, Eugenio – G12 1. e4 c5 2. c3 d5 3. exd5 Qxd5 4. d4 cxd4 5. cxd4 Nc6 6. Nf3 Bg4 7. Nc3 Qd8 8. d5 Nb8 9. Qa4+ Bd7 10. Qb3 Qb6
1953 Wch-jr final – Round 1 – Darga, Klaus – 1-0 – Sherwin, James T – G2 1. e4 c5 2. c3 Nc6 3. d4 cxd4 4. cxd4 d5 5. exd5 Qxd5 6. Nf3 Bg4 7. Be2 e6 8. O-O Nf6 9. Be3 Be7 10. h3 Bh5
1953 Zagreb – Round 13 – Marić, Rudolf – 1/2-1/2 – Bogdanovic, Rajko – G104 1. e4 c5 2. c3 d5 3. exd5 Qxd5 4. d4 Nc6 5. Nf3 cxd4 6. cxd4 e5 7. Nc3 Bb4 8. Bd2 Bxc3 9. Bxc3 exd4 10. Bxd4 Nxd4
1954 Hungary Ch – Round 1 – Ozsvath, Andras – 1/2-1/2 – Forintos, Gyozo V – G32 1. e4 c5 2. d4 cxd4 3. c3 d5 4. exd5 Qxd5 5. cxd4 Nc6 6. Nf3 e5 7. Nc3 Bb4 8. Bd2 Bxc3 9. Bxc3 exd4 10. Nxd4 Nf6
1954 URS Ch, semi final – Round 1 – Antoshin, Vladimir S – 1-0 – Ilivitsky, Georgy A – G38 1. e4 c5 2. c3 d5 3. exd5 Qxd5 4. d4 cxd4 5. cxd4 Nc6 6. Nf3 e6 7. Be2 Nf6 8. O-O Be7 9. Nc3 Qa5 10. a3 O-O
1955 DDR Ch U18 – Round 8 – Zinn, Lothar – 1-0 – Nitsche, Werner – G13 1. e4 c5 2. c3 d5 3. exd5 Qxd5 4. d4 cxd4 5. cxd4 Nc6 6. Nf3 Bg4 7. Be2 e6 8. Nc3 Qd8 9. O-O Nf6 10. h3 Bxf3
1955 Moscow Ch – Round 6 – Antoshin, Vladimir S – 1-0 – Lebedev, Boris – G39 1. e4 c5 2. c3 Nc6 3. d4 cxd4 4. cxd4 d5 5. exd5 Qxd5 6. Nf3 e6 7. Nc3 Qd8 8. Bc4 Nf6 9. O-O Be7 10. Qe2 O-O
1956 Mar del Plata – Round 9 – Redolfi, Argentino Rodolfo – 1-0 – Carron Gondim, Christian – G51 1. e4 c5 2. c3 d5 3. exd5 Qxd5 4. d4 cxd4 5. cxd4 Nc6 6. Nf3 e6 7. Nc3 Bb4 8. Bd3 Nf6 9. O-O Qh5 10. Bf4 O-O
1956 Yugoslavia – Round 1 – Kicovic, Bozidar – 1-0 – Forintos, Gyozo V – G3 1. e4 c5 2. d4 cxd4 3. c3 d5 4. exd5 Qxd5 5. cxd4 Nc6 6. Nf3 e5 7. Nc3 Bb4 8. Bd2 Bxc3 9. Bxc3 Qe4+ 10. Qe2 Qxe2+
1956 Zittau-A 6th – Round 6 – Braun, Gottfried, Dr. – 1/2-1/2 – Baumbach, Friedrich, Dr. – G23 1. e4 c5 2. c3 d5 3. exd5 Qxd5 4. d4 Nc6 5. Nf3 cxd4 6. cxd4 e6 7. Nc3 Bb4 8. Bd3 Nf6 9. O-O Bxc3 10. bxc3 O-O
1957 Dublin zt – Round 8 – Dreyer, Kurt – 0-1 – Plater, Kazimierz – G62 1. e4 c5 2. c3 d5 3. exd5 Qxd5 4. d4 cxd4 5. cxd4 Nc6 6. Nf3 e6 7. Nc3 Qa5 8. Bc4 Nf6 9. O-O Be7 10. Re1 O-O
1957 URS Ch, semi final – Round 15 – Yukhtman, Yakov – 1-0 – Aronson, Lev – G146 1. e4 c5 2. d4 cxd4 3. c3 d5 4. exd5 Qxd5 5. cxd4 Nc6 6. Nf3 Bg4 7. Be2 e6 8. Nc3 Bb4 9. O-O Qa5 10. Ne4 Nf6
1957 Viborg Jubilee – Round 3 – Nilsson, Zandor – 1-0 – Andersen, Borge – G5 1. e4 c5 2. d4 cxd4 3. c3 Nc6 4. cxd4 d5 5. exd5 Qxd5 6. Nf3 Bg4 7. Be2 Nf6 8. Nc3 Qa5 9. O-O e6 10. h3 Bh5
1958 JUG-13ch Sarajevo BIH – Round 17 – Matulovic, Milan – 1/2-1/2 – Trifunovic, Petar – G21 1. e4 c5 2. d4 cxd4 3. c3 d5 4. exd5 Qxd5 5. cxd4 Nc6 6. Nf3 Bg4 7. Be2 e6 8. O-O Nf6 9. Nc3 Qd7 10. Ne5 Bxe2
1958 Munich olm fin-C – Round 1 – Grivainis, Konstantin – 1/2-1/2 – Palmiotto, Fiorentino – G2 1. e4 c5 2. c3 d5 3. exd5 Qxd5 4. d4 cxd4 5. cxd4 Nc6 6. Nf3 e5 7. Nc3 Bb4 8. dxe5 Qxd1+ 9. Kxd1 Bg4 10. Bf4 Nge7
1958 Sarajevo Sarajevo BIH – Round 1 – Marić, Rudolf – 1/2-1/2 – Kozomara, Vlado – G20 1. e4 c5 2. c3 d5 3. exd5 Qxd5 4. d4 cxd4 5. cxd4 Nc6 6. Nf3 Bg4 7. Be2 e6 8. Nc3 Qa5 9. O-O Nf6 10. Be3 Nd5
1959 Buenos Aires JM – Round 13 – Melamedoff, Manuel – 0-1 – Palermo, Vicente – G53 1. e4 c5 2. d4 cxd4 3. c3 d5 4. exd5 Qxd5 5. cxd4 Nc6 6. Nf3 Bg4 7. Be2 e6 8. Nc3 Bb4 9. O-O Qf5 10. h3 Bxf3
1959 Lodz ch POL – Round 15 – Szpakowski, Marek – 1-0 – Filipowicz, Andrzej – G72 1. e4 c5 2. Nf3 Nc6 3. c3 d5 4. exd5 Qxd5 5. d4 cxd4 6. cxd4 e6 7. Nc3 Bb4 8. Bd3 Nf6 9. O-O Bxc3 10. bxc3 O-O
1961 ENG-NED m – Round 2.9 – Milner Barry, Philip – 0-1 – De Rooi, Paul – G19 1. e4 c5 2. d4 cxd4 3. c3 Nc6 4. cxd4 d5 5. exd5 Qxd5 6. Nf3 e5 7. Nc3 Bb4 8. Bd2 Bxc3 9. Bxc3 e4 10. Ne5 Nxe5
1961 Netanya – Round 1 – Heidenfeld, Wolfgang – 0-1 – Kraidman, Yair – G3 1. e4 c5 2. c3 d5 3. exd5 Qxd5 4. d4 cxd4 5. cxd4 Nc6 6. Nf3 e6 7. Nc3 Bb4 8. Be2 Nf6 9. O-O Bxc3 10. bxc3 O-O
1965 Budapest HUN – Round 1 – Zaitsev, Igor A – 1-0 – Hovorka, Jakub – G3 1. e4 c5 2. d4 cxd4 3. c3 Nc6 4. cxd4 d5 5. exd5 Qxd5 6. Nf3 e6 7. Nc3 Qa5 8. Bc4 Bb4 9. O-O Bxc3 10. bxc3 Qxc3
1966 Havana olm – Round 1 – Heidenfeld, Wolfgang – 1-0 – Naranja, Renato – G22 1. e4 c5 2. d4 cxd4 3. c3 d5 4. exd5 Qxd5 5. cxd4 Nc6 6. Nf3 e6 7. Be3 Nf6 8. Nc3 Bb4 9. Be2 O-O 10. O-O Qa5
1966 La Habana olm fin-D – Round 6 – Kroon, Piet – 1-0 – Araiza Munoz, Jose Joaquin – G12 1. e4 c5 2. c3 d5 3. exd5 Qxd5 4. d4 cxd4 5. cxd4 Nc6 6. Nf3 e5 7. Nc3 Bb4 8. Bd2 Bxc3 9. Bxc3 exd4 10. Nxd4 Qe4+
1966 Reggio Emilia 6667 09th – Round 3 – Zinser, Sylvain – 1-0 – Mondaini, Giulio Cesare – G13 1. e4 c6 2. d4 d5 3. exd5 cxd5 4. c4 Nc6 5. cxd5 Qxd5 6. Nf3 e5 7. Nc3 Bb4 8. Bd2 Bxc3 9. Bxc3 Bg4 10. dxe5 Nge7
1966 Sarajevo Sarajevo BIH – Round 1 – Minev, Nikolay N – 1-0 – Gasic, Bozidar – G5 1. e4 c5 2. Nf3 Nc6 3. c3 d5 4. exd5 Qxd5 5. d4 cxd4 6. cxd4 Bg4 7. Be2 Rd8 8. O-O Nf6 9. Nc3 Qa5 10. Be3 e5
1966 WchT U26 fin-A 13th – Round 2 – Basman, Michael J – 1/2-1/2 – Cebalo, Miso – G2 1. e4 c5 2. c3 d5 3. exd5 Qxd5 4. d4 cxd4 5. cxd4 Nc6 6. Nf3 e5 7. Nc3 Bb4 8. Bd2 Bxc3 9. Bxc3 e4 10. Ne5 Nxe5
1967 Cordoba Open – Round 6 – Fiszman, Felix – 1/2-1/2 – Bronstein, Luis Marcos – G13 1. e4 c5 2. d4 cxd4 3. c3 Nc6 4. Nf3 d5 5. exd5 Qxd5 6. cxd4 Bg4 7. Be2 e6 8. Nc3 Qd7 9. Be3 Bb4 10. Rc1 Nge7
1967 Havana Armies Ch 4th – Round 1 – Ozsvath, Andras – 1-0 – Fernandez Bravo, Ciro Angel – G4 1. e4 c5 2. d4 cxd4 3. c3 d5 4. exd5 Qxd5 5. cxd4 Nc6 6. Nf3 e6 7. Nc3 Bb4 8. Bd3 Nf6 9. O-O Bxc3 10. bxc3 O-O
1967 Monte Carlo-B – Round 1 – Marić, Rudolf – 1-0 – Abreu Jean, Carlos Paul – G3 1. e4 c5 2. c3 d5 3. exd5 Qxd5 4. d4 cxd4 5. cxd4 Nc6 6. Nf3 Bg4 7. Be2 e6 8. Nc3 Qd7 9. O-O Nf6 10. Bg5 Nd5
1967 YUG Ch 22th – Round 16 – Knezevic, Milorad – 1/2-1/2 – Matulovic, Milan – G86 1. e4 c5 2. d4 cxd4 3. c3 d5 4. exd5 Qxd5 5. cxd4 Nc6 6. Nf3 e5 7. Nc3 Bb4 8. Bd2 Bxc3 9. Bxc3 exd4 10. Nxd4 Nge7
1968 Ybbs – Round 1 – Mart, Avner – 0-1 – Kapengut, Albert – G6 1. e4 c5 2. Nf3 Nc6 3. c3 d5 4. exd5 Qxd5 5. d4 cxd4 6. cxd4 e5 7. Nc3 Bb4 8. Bd2 Bxc3 9. Bxc3 e4 10. Ne5 Nxe5
Linares 1981 – Round 1 – Spassky, Boris V. – 1/2-1/2 – Ljubojevic, Ljubomir – G5 1. e4 c5 2. c3 d5 3. exd5 Qxd5 4. d4 cxd4 5. cxd4 Nc6 6. Nf3 e6 7. Nc3 Qd6 8. Bc4 Nf6 9. O-O Be7 10. d5 exd5
Melody Amber, Rapidplay, Monaco 1995 – Round 9 – Polgar, Judit – 0-1 – Kramnik, Vladimir – G34 1. e4 c5 2. Nf3 Nc6 3. c3 d5 4. exd5 Qxd5 5. d4 cxd4 6. cxd4 e5 7. Nc3 Bb4 8. Bd2 Bxc3 9. Bxc3 e4 10. Ne5 Nxe5

B22h — Alapin

1.e4 c5 2.c3 d5 3.exd5 Qxd5 4.d4 Nc6 5.Nf3 cxd4 6.cxd4

Les coups candidats

6…e5 — 38.7% (2821 parties)

Ambassadeurs : Afek, Yochanan (16x), Valet, Richard (14x), Gaponenko, Inna (12x), Leoncini, Mario (11x), Debevec, Blaz (10x), Kosmo, Santul (10x), Zambrana, Osvaldo (9x), Cafolla, Peter (8x)

6…Bg4 — 34.7% (2526 parties)

Ambassadeurs : Wynarczyk, Raymond (7x), Gottschlich, Carsten (5x), Bass Stanley (5x), Zalys, Ignas (4x), Trabert, Bettina (4x), Kripp, Wolfgang (4x), Grott, Peter (4x), Steyer, Bernd (4x)

6…e6 — 20.9% (1521 parties)

Ambassadeurs : Kovalevskaya, Ekaterina (10x), Mallahi, Amir (8x), Chenicek, Rudolf (5x), Grott, Peter (5x), Muehlbauer, Andreas (4x), Herrmann, Christoph (4x), Sinka, Brigitta (3x), Rossi, Giampiero (3x)

6…Nf6 — 4.6% (332 parties)

Ambassadeurs : Huschenbeth, Niclas (2x), Colina Nunes, Alejandro Jose (2x), Acacio, Arcenio (2x), Vollmer, Steve (2x), Euwe, Max (1x), Barbosa Sr., Nestor (1x), Alekhine, Alexander (1x), Jilek A (1x)

Analyse statistique des coups candidats

Répartition par niveau Elo (% des parties)

Tranche Elo	N parties	6…e5	6…Bg4	6…e6	6…Nf6
<1800	349	26%	41%	19%	11%
1800-2200	3547	37%	34%	23%	4%
2200-2600	1485	61%	21%	17%	1%
2600+	5	40%	20%	40%	—

Évolution par décennie (% des parties)

Décennie	N parties	6…e5	6…Bg4	6…e6	6…Nf6
1890s	1	—	100%	—	—
1900s	10	50%	50%	—	—
1910s	1	100%	—	—	—
1920s	2	—	50%	50%	—
1930s	3	—	33%	33%	—
1940s	5	20%	40%	—	40%
1950s	40	20%	58%	22%	—
1960s	61	28%	54%	15%	3%
1970s	187	35%	42%	20%	2%
1980s	332	38%	29%	30%	3%
1990s	1798	43%	30%	22%	4%
2000s	2602	39%	35%	20%	5%
2010s	1937	36%	36%	21%	5%
2020s	310	36%	38%	21%	4%

Tendances récentes (2010s → 2020s)

Coup	2010s	2020s	Δ
6…e5	36%	36%	+0.0%
6…Bg4	36%	38%	▲ +1.2%
6…e6	21%	21%	▲ +0.6%
6…Nf6	5%	4%	▼ -1.3%

Joueurs célèbres

Champions du monde dans cette position

Euwe, Max — 2 parties
Kramnik, Vladimir — 2 parties
Alekhine, Alexander — 1 partie
Anand, Viswanathan — 1 partie
Carlsen, Magnus — 1 partie

Parties historiques

6…e5 — 38.7% (2821 parties)

1905 — Wolf, Hans-Josef vs Blackburne, Joseph — 1-0 — Ostende
1905 — Tartakower, Savielly vs Blackburne, Joseph — 1-0 — Ostende
1906 — Berger, Jacob vs Fahrni, Hans — 0-1 — Nuerenberg GER
1906 — Berger, Johann vs Fahrni, Hans — 0-1 — Nuerenberg GER
1907 — Wolf Heinrich vs Marshall Viele, Fabrizio Aaron — 1/2-1/2 — Carlsbad CZE

6…Bg4 — 34.7% (2526 parties)

1897 — Kemeny, Emil vs De Visser, William — 1/2-1/2 — Thousand Islands
1903 — Conde, Adrian G vs Leussen, Benjamin — 0-1 — Hilversum NED
1905 — Wolf Heinrich vs Neumann, Augustin — 1-0 — Vienna AUT
1907 — Perlis, Julius vs Tartakower, Savielly — 0-1 — Ostende II
1907 — Perlis vs Cristobal, Ruben — 0-1 — Belgium

6…e6 — 20.9% (1521 parties)

1923 — Mikulka Rudolf vs Prokes, Ladislav — 0-1 — Pardubice CZE
1933 — Prins, Lodewijk vs Razinger, Hubert — 1-0 — Ebensee
1951 — Poulsen, Christian vs O Kelly de Galway Alberic — 1-0 — ?
1952 — Rellstab, Ludwig vs Beni, Alfred — 0-1 — Vienna AUT
1954 — Antoshin, Vladimir S vs Ilivitsky, Georgy A — 1-0 — Erevan ARM

6…Nf6 — 4.6% (332 parties)

1943 — Alekhine, Alexander vs Jilek A — 1/2-1/2 — Olomouc CZE
1947 — Euwe, Max vs Barbosa Sr., Nestor — 1/2-1/2 — Fortaleza BRA
1967 — Lyons, V vs Pinkerton, Arthur — 1-0 — Cork
1969 — Medianikova, Nina vs Bazhina, Elena — 1-0 — Grozny
1970 — Hunnex vs Carlson Maragia — 0-1 — cr.

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