A95a — Dutch: Stonewall, 7.Nc3 c6

1.d4 f5 2.c4 Nf6 3.g3 e6 4.Bg2 Be7 5.Nf3 O-O 6.O-O d5 7.Nc3 c6 * ○ Trait aux Blancs

Ouverture — Centre fermé

♔ Point de vue Blancs

8 7 6 5 4 3 2 1

abcdefgh

Plan principal. Exploiter la case forte e5.

Atouts. Les Blancs s'appuient sur les cases fortes f4, e5 et g5, un avant-poste en e5 et la paire de fous.

Côté adverse. Le fou enfermé en c8.

En contrepartie. Plusieurs pièces dorment encore (le fou c1 et la tour a1).

Plans. Bg5 (Clouer Nf6) ; h3 (Empêcher ...Bg4).

♚ Point de vue Noirs

1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8

hgfedcba

Plan principal. Exploiter la case forte g4.

Atouts. Les Noirs s'appuient sur les cases fortes e4 et g4, un avant-poste en g4, un fou actif en e7 et la paire de fous.

Côté adverse. Les fous enfermés en c1 et g2 et une pièce en prise (le pion en c4).

En contrepartie. Plusieurs pièces dorment encore (le cavalier b8, le fou c8 et la tour a8).

Plans. ...Bd7 (PRIORITÉ: libérer le Bc8 (...Bd7, b6+Bb7, ...Bg4)) ; ...Nbd7 (Développer Nb8) ; ...c5 (Rupture) ; ...e5 (Rupture) ; ...f4 (Rupture).

Avantages

Faiblesses adverses

Diagonale active

Plans

Structure de pions

	♔ Blancs	♚ Noirs
Pions doublés	—	—
Pions isolés	—	—
Arriérés	—	—
Chaînes	● f2→g3, h2→g3	● c6→d5, e6→d5, e6→f5, b7→c6
Passés	—	—
Majorité	—	—

Cases

	♔ Blancs	♚ Noirs
Cases fortes	● f4 (2v0), ● e5 (2v0), ● g5 (2v0)	● e4 (3v1), ● g4 (2v0)
Cases faibles	—	—
Centre	● d4 (2v0), ● e5 (2v0)	● d5 (4v2), ● e4 (3v1)

Colonnes et diagonales

♔ Blancs

♚ Noirs

Pièces

	♔ Blancs	♚ Noirs
Bc1	● Bc1 Non développé (mob. 5)
Bg2	● Bg2 Enfermé (mob. 2)
Be7		● Be7 Actif (mob. 4)
Bc8		● Bc8 Non développé (mob. 1)
Paire de fous	● Oui	● Oui
Non développées	2 (● c1, ● a1)	3 (● b8, ● c8, ● a8)

Sécurité du roi

	♔ Blancs	♚ Noirs
Statut	● Roqué	● Roqué
Droits de roque	—	—

Thèmes

	♔ Blancs	♚ Noirs
Phase	Ouverture
Centre	fermé
Ruptures	● c4-c5	● …c6-c5, ● …e6-e5, ● …f5-f4

Partie
1922 Teplitz-Schoenau – Round 8 – Gruenfeld, Ernst – 1/2-1/2 – Tartakower, Savielly – G50 1. d4 e6 2. Nf3 f5 3. g3 Nf6 4. Bg2 Be7 5. O-O O-O 6. c4 d5 7. Nc3 c6 8. Qd3 Ne4 9. Ne5 Nd7 10. Nxd7 Bxd7
1927 Moskou ch-URS – Round 3 – Makogonov, Vladimir – 1-0 – Model, Abram – G10 1. d4 e6 2. Nf3 f5 3. g3 Nf6 4. Bg2 Be7 5. O-O O-O 6. c4 d5 7. Nc3 c6 8. Qb3 Qe8 9. Bf4 Qh5 10. Rad1 Nbd7
1931 Hastings 3132 – Round ? – Menchik, Vera – 0-1 – Yates, Frederic D – G5 1. d4 e6 2. Nf3 f5 3. g3 Nf6 4. Bg2 Be7 5. O-O O-O 6. c4 d5 7. Nc3 c6 8. a3 Qe8 9. b4 Nbd7 10. Qb3 Bd6
1936 Moscow – Round 1 – Capablanca, Jose – 1/2-1/2 – Botvinnik, Mikhail – G33 1. Nf3 f5 2. g3 Nf6 3. Bg2 e6 4. c4 Be7 5. O-O O-O 6. d4 d5 7. Nc3 c6 8. Qb3 Kh8 9. Ne5 Nbd7 10. Nxd7 Nxd7
1936 Nottingham – Round 12 – Reshevsky, Samuel – 1/2-1/2 – Botvinnik, Mikhail – G87 1. d4 e6 2. Nf3 f5 3. g3 Nf6 4. Bg2 Be7 5. O-O O-O 6. c4 d5 7. Nc3 c6 8. Rb1 Qe8 9. c5 Qh5 10. b4 Ne4
1946 Groningen – Round 2 – Vidmar, Marjeta – 0-1 – Tartakower, Savielly – G9 1. d4 e6 2. c4 f5 3. g3 Nf6 4. Bg2 Be7 5. Nf3 O-O 6. O-O d5 7. Nc3 c6 8. Qb3 Qe8 9. Ne5 Nbd7 10. Nd3 Kh8
1946 Hungary – Round 1 – Barcza, Gedeon – 1-0 – Sooky, Ladislav – G28 1. Nf3 f5 2. g3 e6 3. Bg2 Nf6 4. d4 Be7 5. c4 d5 6. Nc3 c6 7. O-O O-O 8. Rb1 Qe8 9. cxd5 exd5 10. Ne5 Nbd7
1946 Pittsburgh – Round 1 – Koltanowski, George – 1/2-1/2 – Steiner, Herman – G4 1. d4 f5 2. g3 Nf6 3. Bg2 e6 4. Nf3 Be7 5. O-O O-O 6. c4 d5 7. Nc3 c6 8. Qd3 Ne4 9. Nd2 Bf6 10. e3 b6
1946 Stockholm SWE – Round ? – Lundin, Erik – 1-0 – Pettersson, Willy – G3 1. c4 e6 2. Nf3 f5 3. g3 Nf6 4. Bg2 Be7 5. O-O O-O 6. Nc3 d5 7. d4 c6 8. Qb3 Qe8 9. a4 Kh8 10. a5 Nbd7
1947 Chigorin Memorial – Round 1 – Keres, Paul – 0-1 – Botvinnik, Mikhail – G18 1. d4 e6 2. Nf3 f5 3. g3 Nf6 4. Bg2 Be7 5. O-O O-O 6. c4 d5 7. Nc3 c6 8. Rb1 Kh8 9. cxd5 cxd5 10. Bf4 Nc6
1947 Mar del Plata – Round 5 – Marini, Luis – 1/2-1/2 – Guimard, Carlos E – G42 1. c4 f5 2. Nf3 Nf6 3. g3 e6 4. Bg2 Be7 5. d4 O-O 6. O-O d5 7. Qc2 c6 8. Bg5 Qe8 9. Nc3 Qh5 10. e3 Nbd7
1947 Moscow RUS – Round ? – Keres, Paul Petrovich – 0-1 – Botvinnik, Alexander – G34 1. d4 e6 2. Nf3 f5 3. g3 Nf6 4. Bg2 Be7 5. O-O O-O 6. c4 d5 7. Nc3 c6 8. Rb1 Kh8 9. cxd5 cxd5 10. Bf4 Nc6
1947 Schlechter Memorial – Round 4 – Szabo, Laszlo – 1-0 – Keller, Hans – G12 1. d4 d5 2. Nf3 e6 3. c4 c6 4. Nc3 f5 5. g3 Nf6 6. Bg2 Be7 7. O-O O-O 8. Rb1 Ne4 9. Qc2 Nd7 10. cxd5 exd5
1947 Yugoslavia Ch – Round 14 – Germek, Milan – 1/2-1/2 – Kostic, Boris – G68 1. d4 f5 2. c4 Nf6 3. Nc3 e6 4. g3 Be7 5. Bg2 O-O 6. Nf3 d5 7. O-O c6 8. cxd5 exd5 9. Ne5 Nbd7 10. Nd3 Bd6
1948 CSR Ch – Round 13 – Olexa, Vilem – 0-1 – Louma, Josef – G12 1. Nf3 e6 2. g3 f5 3. Bg2 Nf6 4. O-O Be7 5. d4 d5 6. c4 c6 7. Nc3 O-O 8. Qd3 Ne4 9. Nd2 Nxd2 10. Bxd2 Bf6
1949 BUL-CSR Sofia BUL – Round 1 – Filip, Miroslav – 1-0 – Dimitrov Garcia, Dimitri Ivaylov – G1 1. c4 f5 2. Nf3 Nf6 3. g3 e6 4. Bg2 Be7 5. O-O O-O 6. d4 d5 7. Nc3 c6 8. Qd3 Qe8 9. Bf4 Nbd7 10. cxd5 cxd5
1949 Oldenburg – Round 15 – Wood, Baruch – 1/2-1/2 – Kieninger, Georg – G30 1. d4 f5 2. g3 Nf6 3. Bg2 e6 4. Nf3 Be7 5. O-O O-O 6. c4 d5 7. Nc3 c6 8. Qb3 Kh8 9. Ne5 Nbd7 10. Nd3 dxc4
1949 Oldenburg – Round 15 – Wood, Baruch – 1/2-1/2 – Kieninger, Georg – G59 1. d4 f5 2. g3 Nf6 3. Bg2 e6 4. Nf3 Be7 5. O-O O-O 6. c4 d5 7. Nc3 c6 8. Qb3 Kh8 9. Ne5 Nbd7 10. Nd3 dxc4
1949 Venice – Round 14 – Cohen zimmerman, Arbel – 1/2-1/2 – Rossolimo, Nicolas – G107 1. Nf3 f5 2. g3 Nf6 3. Bg2 e6 4. O-O Be7 5. d4 O-O 6. c4 c6 7. Nc3 d5 8. Qb3 Kh8 9. Ne5 Nbd7 10. cxd5 exd5
1950 Dubrovnik olm – Round 1 – Porreca, Giorgio – 0-1 – Guimard, Carlos E – G41 1. Nf3 e6 2. c4 f5 3. g3 Nf6 4. Bg2 Be7 5. O-O O-O 6. Nc3 d5 7. d4 c6 8. Qd3 Qe8 9. Ne5 Qh5 10. Bf3 Qe8
1950 FRG Ch Bad Pyrmont GER – Round 10 – Lohmann, Heinrich – 0-1 – Kieninger, Georg – G29 1. d4 e6 2. Nf3 f5 3. g3 Nf6 4. Bg2 Be7 5. O-O O-O 6. c4 d5 7. Nc3 c6 8. Qd3 Ne4 9. Ne5 Bf6 10. f3 Nd6
1950 Mar del Plata – Round 10 – Luckis, Marcos – 1/2-1/2 – Rossolimo, Nicolas – G81 1. d4 f5 2. c4 Nf6 3. g3 e6 4. Bg2 Be7 5. Nc3 O-O 6. Nf3 d5 7. O-O c6 8. cxd5 exd5 9. Bg5 Nbd7 10. Qc2 Ne4
1952 Helsinki olm – Round 1 – Vasconcellos, Fernando O – 1-0 – Jost, Felix – G276 1. Nf3 e6 2. c4 f5 3. g3 Nf6 4. Bg2 c6 5. O-O Be7 6. Nc3 O-O 7. d4 d5 8. Rb1 Qe8 9. b4 a6 10. a4 Ne4
1952 Helsinki olm – Round 1 – Vasconcellos, Fernando O – 1/2-1/2 – Sakellaropoulos, Theodoros – G275 1. Nf3 e6 2. c4 f5 3. g3 Nf6 4. Bg2 Be7 5. O-O O-O 6. d4 d5 7. Nc3 c6 8. Rb1 Qe8 9. c5 Ne4 10. Qc2 Nd7
1954 Lodz ch POL – Round 7 – Sliwa, Bogdan – 0-1 – Tarnowski, Alfred – G4 1. d4 f5 2. c4 Nf6 3. Nc3 e6 4. g3 Be7 5. Bg2 O-O 6. Nf3 d5 7. O-O c6 8. c5 b6 9. b4 a5 10. Na4 Nbd7
1957 FRG Ch 04th – Round 9 – Wolk, Sigmund – 1-0 – Gumprich, Kurt – G6 1. c4 f5 2. Nc3 Nf6 3. Nf3 e6 4. g3 Be7 5. Bg2 O-O 6. d4 d5 7. O-O c6 8. Qd3 Qe8 9. Bf4 Qh5 10. Rae1 Nbd7
1960 Aalborg – Round 1 – Blom, Kaj – 1-0 – Petersen, Finn – G10 1. d4 e6 2. Nf3 f5 3. g3 Nf6 4. Bg2 Be7 5. c4 d5 6. Nc3 c6 7. O-O O-O 8. Qb3 Nbd7 9. Bf4 Ne4 10. Nxe4 fxe4
1960 Olympiad prel I – Round 5 – Milev, Zdravko – 1-0 – Linais, Laurent – G14 1. d4 f5 2. g3 Nf6 3. Bg2 e6 4. Nf3 Be7 5. O-O O-O 6. c4 c6 7. Nc3 d5 8. Qd3 Qe8 9. Bf4 Qh5 10. Rfb1 Ne4
1960 URS Team Ch – Round 1 – Glukhovsky, Daniel – 0-1 – Chistiakov, Alexander – G3 1. d4 f5 2. g3 Nf6 3. Bg2 e6 4. Nf3 Be7 5. O-O O-O 6. c4 d5 7. Nc3 c6 8. Qb3 Kh8 9. Ne5 Qe8 10. Be3 Nbd7
1961 Warsaw – Round ? – Brzozka, Stefan – 0-1 – Tolush, Alexander V – G77 1. c4 f5 2. Nf3 Nf6 3. d4 e6 4. Nc3 Be7 5. g3 O-O 6. Bg2 d5 7. O-O c6 8. Qd3 Qe8 9. Ne5 Nbd7 10. Bg5 Nxe5
1963 Sweden – Round 9 – Lundin, Erik – 1-0 – Dahl Schutt, Frederik – G13 1. c4 f5 2. Nf3 Nf6 3. g3 e6 4. Bg2 Be7 5. d4 d5 6. Nc3 O-O 7. O-O c6 8. a4 Nbd7 9. a5 Ne4 10. Qb3 Qe8
1965 Asztalos Memorial 8th – Round 3 – Gasztonyi, Endre – 1/2-1/2 – Csom, Istvan – G16 1. d4 e6 2. Nf3 f5 3. g3 Nf6 4. Bg2 d5 5. O-O Be7 6. c4 c6 7. Nc3 O-O 8. cxd5 exd5 9. Bf4 Ne4 10. Bxb8 Rxb8

A95a — Stonewall

1.d4 f5 2.c4 Nf6 3.g3 e6 4.Bg2 Be7 5.Nf3 O-O 6.O-O d5 7.Nc3 c6

Les coups candidats

8.b3 — 35.3% (713 parties) →

Ambassadeurs : Parr, Frank (4x), Chetverik, Maxim (4x), Guimard, Carlos (3x), Chistiakov, Alexander (3x), Bertok, Mario Jr. (3x), Bronstein, David I (3x), Drewitz, Friedel (3x), Tuominen, Risto (3x)

8.Qc2 — 14.3% (288 parties) →

Ambassadeurs : Guimard, Carlos E (5x), Botvinnik, Mikhail (4x), Bolbochan, J. (3x), Chekhover, Vitaly (3x), Heemsoth, Hermann (3x), Pres, Grigorij (3x), Karlsson, Lars 1937 (3x), Cross, Gregory W (3x)

8.Bf4 — 11.4% (231 parties) →

Ambassadeurs : Marcotulli, Giancarlo (6x), Granda Zuniga, Julio E (2x), Sanchez Quiroga, Miguel Angel (2x), Mathieu, Louis (2x), Ikonnikov, Vyacheslav (2x), Guindy, Esmat Susanne (2x), Bonnez, Finn (2x), Malmstroem, Jan Hendrik (2x)

8.Ne5 — 8.0% (162 parties) →

Ambassadeurs : Stahlberg, Gideon (2x), Niemers, Johannes (2x), Steinitz, David (1x), Zukertort, Johannes (1x), Golombek, Harry (1x), Tartakower, Savielly (1x), Asgeirsson, Asmundur (1x), Moller, Baldur Helgi (1x)

Analyse statistique des coups candidats

Répartition par niveau Elo (% des parties)

Tranche Elo	N parties	8.b3	8.Qc2	8.Bf4	8.Ne5
<1800	67	31%	12%	9%	9%
1800-2200	776	37%	11%	14%	9%
2200-2600	415	37%	16%	13%	8%
2600+	9	11%	22%	33%	—

Évolution par décennie (% des parties)

Décennie	N parties	8.b3	8.Qc2	8.Bf4	8.Ne5
1870s	1	—	—	—	100%
1920s	4	—	25%	25%	—
1930s	36	17%	28%	17%	11%
1940s	65	32%	22%	5%	3%
1950s	79	32%	18%	4%	13%
1960s	86	41%	8%	7%	10%
1970s	84	32%	21%	12%	6%
1980s	154	33%	21%	11%	7%
1990s	423	40%	13%	9%	7%
2000s	557	34%	9%	15%	10%
2010s	473	36%	15%	12%	6%
2020s	59	34%	24%	14%	7%

Tendances récentes (2010s → 2020s)

Coup	2010s	2020s	Δ
8.b3	36%	34%	▼ -1.6%
8.Qc2	15%	24%	▲ +8.3%
8.Bf4	12%	14%	▲ +1.7%
8.Ne5	6%	7%	▲ +0.6%

Joueurs célèbres

Champions du monde dans cette position

Botvinnik, Mikhail — 9 parties
Smyslov, Vladimir — 1 partie
Hou, Yifan — 1 partie

Parties historiques

8.b3 — 35.3% (713 parties)

1933 — Flohr, Salo vs Botvinnik, Mikhail — 0-1 — Moskou / Leningrad m
1934 — Lenner Leopold vs Mueller, Hans — 1/2-1/2 — Vienna AUT
1934 — Szabo, Laszlo vs Gereben, Erno — 1/2-1/2 — Sopron
1936 — Paroulek, Vit vs Reiter, Hans Ernst — 1-0 — Podebrady CZE
1938 — Makogonov, Mikhail vs Chistiakov, Alexander — 1/2-1/2 — Kiev UKR

8.Qc2 — 14.3% (288 parties)

1927 — Rabinovich, Ilya Mar vs Botvinnik, Mikhail — 0-1 — Moskou ch-URS
1930 — Mikenas, Vladas vs Turn, Johannes — 0-1 — Tallinn EST
1932 — Chekhover, Vitaly vs Model, Abram — 1-0 — Leningrad RUS
1932 — Kusminich vs Ragozin, Viacheslav — 0-1 — corr
1934 — Mikhail M Yudovich Sr. vs Botvinnik, Mikhail — 0-1 — Leningrad RUS

8.Bf4 — 11.4% (231 parties)

1926 — Kostic, Boris vs Pokorny, Amos — 1-0 — Trencianske Teplice SVK
1931 — Villegas, Benito vs Bolbochan, J. — 1/2-1/2 — Buenos Aires ARG
1935 — Lisitsin, Georgy vs Ragozin, Viacheslav — 1/2-1/2 — Moskou
1936 — Kan, Ilya A vs Konstantinopolsky, Alexander — 0-1 — Leningrad RUS
1937 — Fine, Reuben vs Tschistjakov — 0-1 — Moscow RUS

8.Ne5 — 8.0% (162 parties)

1872 — Steinitz, David vs Zukertort, Johannes — 1-0 — ?
1939 — Landau, Salo vs Cortlever, Nico — 0-1 — Amsterdam NED
1939 — Landa, Konstantin vs Cortlever — 0-1 — Amsterdam KNSB
1939 — Salas Romo, Julio vs Blanco Estera, Rafael — 0-1 — Buenos Aires ARG
1939 — Danielsson, Grimur vs Rometti, Barbatto — 1-0 — Buenos Aires ARG

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