A91i — Dutch: Botvinnik-Bronstein Variation

1.d4 f5 2.c4 Nf6 3.g3 e6 4.Bg2 Be7 5.Nc3 O-O 6.e3 * ● Trait aux Noirs

Ouverture — Centre mobile

♔ Point de vue Blancs

8 7 6 5 4 3 2 1

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Plans. Nge2 (Développer g1 — 68 % des parties) ; Nf3 (Développer g1 — 8 % des parties).

♚ Point de vue Noirs

1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8

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Plans. ...d6 (Libérer Bc8 — 57 % des parties) ; ...d5 (Occuper le centre — 26 % des parties) ; ...c6 (Renforcer le centre — 10 % des parties).

Avantages

Faiblesses

Diagonale active

Plans

Structure de pions

	♔ Blancs	♚ Noirs
Pions doublés	—	—
Pions isolés	—	—
Arriérés	—	—
Chaînes	● f2→e3, f2→g3, h2→g3, e3→d4	● e6→f5, d7→e6
Passés	—	—
Majorité	—	—

Cases

	♔ Blancs	♚ Noirs
Cases fortes	● f4 (2v0), ● b5 (2v0)	● g4 (2v1)
Cases faibles	● e4	—
Centre	● d4 (2v0), ● d5 (3v2), ● e5 (1v0)	—

Colonnes et diagonales

♔ Blancs

♚ Noirs

Pièces

	♔ Blancs	♚ Noirs
Bc1	● Bc1 Non développé (mob. 1)
Bg2	● Bg2 Actif (mob. 7)
Be7		● Be7 Actif (mob. 4)
Bc8		● Bc8 Non développé (mob. 0)
Paire de fous	● Oui	● Oui
Non développées	4 (● g1, ● c1, ● a1, ● h1)	3 (● b8, ● c8, ● a8)

Sécurité du roi

	♔ Blancs	♚ Noirs
Statut	● Au centre	● Roqué
Droits de roque	O-O / O-O-O	—

Thèmes

	♔ Blancs	♚ Noirs
Phase	Ouverture
Centre	mobile
Ruptures	● d4-d5, ● e3-e4	● …c7-c5, ● …d7-d5, ● …e6-e5, ● …f5-f4

Partie
1908 Vienna – Round 13 – Swiderski, Radoslaw – 1-0 – Reti, Richard – G127 1. d4 f5 2. c4 e6 3. Nc3 Nf6 4. e3 Be7 5. g3 O-O 6. Bg2 d6 7. Nge2 e5 8. O-O c6 9. a3 Qe8 10. b3 Na6
1938 Argentina – Round 12 – Lalich, Voyin – 0-1 – Guimard, Carlos E – G29 1. d4 e6 2. c4 f5 3. Nc3 Nf6 4. g3 Be7 5. Bg2 O-O 6. e3 Qe8 7. Nge2 d6 8. b3 Nbd7 9. Bb2 e5 10. Qc2 c6
1951 World Championship 19th – Round 1 – Botvinnik, Mikhail – 1/2-1/2 – Bronstein, David I – G1 1. d4 e6 2. c4 f5 3. g3 Nf6 4. Bg2 Be7 5. Nc3 O-O 6. e3 d6 7. Nge2 c6 8. O-O e5 9. d5 Qe8 10. e4 Qh5
1951 World Championship 19th – Round 16 – Bronstein, David I – 1/2-1/2 – Botvinnik, Mikhail – G13 1. d4 e6 2. c4 f5 3. g3 Nf6 4. Bg2 Be7 5. Nc3 O-O 6. e3 d5 7. Nge2 c6 8. b3 Bd6 9. O-O Qe7 10. Qc2 Ne4
1951 World Championship 19th – Round 22 – Bronstein, David I – 1-0 – Botvinnik, Mikhail – G18 1. d4 e6 2. c4 f5 3. g3 Nf6 4. Bg2 Be7 5. Nc3 O-O 6. e3 d5 7. Nge2 c6 8. b3 Ne4 9. O-O Nd7 10. Bb2 Ndf6
1953 Opatija – Round 16 – Golombek, Harry – 0-1 – Nikolac, Juraj – G114 1. d4 f5 2. g3 Nf6 3. Bg2 e6 4. c4 Be7 5. Nc3 O-O 6. e3 d6 7. Nge2 c6 8. O-O e5 9. e4 Qe8 10. d5 Na6
1955 Buenos Aires CA – Round 16 – Sanguineti, Raúl Carlos – 1/2-1/2 – Guimard, Carlos E – G111 1. c4 e6 2. g3 f5 3. Bg2 Nf6 4. Nc3 Be7 5. d4 O-O 6. e3 d5 7. Nge2 c6 8. b3 Kh8 9. O-O Qe8 10. f3 Nbd7
1955 Long Beach US-open – Round 10 – Santasiere, Anthony – 0-1 – Steiner, Herman – G51 1. c4 f5 2. Nc3 Nf6 3. e3 e6 4. g3 Be7 5. Bg2 O-O 6. d4 Kh8 7. Nge2 d6 8. e4 fxe4 9. Nxe4 Qe8 10. N2c3 Nbd7
1959 GDR Ch Leipzig GER – Round 3 – Raetsch, Heinz – 1/2-1/2 – Handel, Horst – G13 1. d4 e6 2. c4 f5 3. Nc3 Nf6 4. g3 Be7 5. Bg2 O-O 6. e3 d6 7. Nge2 c6 8. O-O e5 9. dxe5 dxe5 10. Qxd8 Rxd8
1967 Venice Venice ITA – Round 9 – Zinser, Sylvain – 0-1 – Canal, Esteban – G28 1. d4 e6 2. c4 f5 3. g3 Nf6 4. Bg2 Be7 5. Nc3 O-O 6. e3 d6 7. Nge2 Re8 8. O-O Nbd7 9. b3 c6 10. Bb2 Bf8
1968 Budapest – Round 1 – Toth, Bela – 0-1 – Farago, Ivan – G14 1. d4 e6 2. c4 f5 3. g3 Nf6 4. Bg2 Be7 5. Nc3 O-O 6. e3 d6 7. Nge2 Qe8 8. b3 c6 9. Bb2 e5 10. Qc2 Na6

A91i — Botvinnik-Bronstein Variation (1908)

1.d4 f5 2.c4 Nf6 3.g3 e6 4.Bg2 Be7 5.Nc3 O-O 6.e3

Les coups candidats

6…d6 — 56.8% (83 parties)

Ambassadeurs : Botvinnik, Mikhail (2x), Bronstein, David I (2x), De Dovitiis, Alejo (2x), Oliveira, Paulo Sergio de Castro (2x), Miettinen, Reino (1x), Ekblom, Per Erik (1x), Steffens, A. (1x), Froehlich, Jim (1x)

6…d5 — 26.0% (38 parties)

Ambassadeurs : Bronstein, David I (2x), Botvinnik, Mikhail (2x), Bobekov, Radko (1x), Popov, Vesselin (1x), Kim, Sangyun (1x), Guimard, Carlos E (1x), Sakhalkar, Suresh (1x), Coskun, Kursat (1x)

6…c6 — 9.6% (14 parties)

Ambassadeurs : Gaebler, Gisela (1x), Illig, Ursula (1x), Osten, Stefan (1x), Wurzer, Georg (1x), Sarnowski, Konrad (1x), Lasut, Dawid (1x), Kaiser, Thomas, Dr. (1x), Orth, Roman (1x)

6…Kh8 — 2.1% (3 parties)

Ambassadeurs : Santasiere, Anthony (1x), Steiner, Herman (1x), Lewerenz, Heinz (1x), Zimmermann, Jens (1x), Mafnas, Peter (1x), Manuel, Enofre Efren D. (1x)

Analyse statistique des coups candidats

Répartition par niveau Elo (% des parties)

Tranche Elo	N parties	6…d6	6…d5	6…c6	6…Kh8
<1800	13	54%	31%	15%	—
1800-2200	67	66%	19%	9%	1%
2200-2600	13	69%	31%	—	—

Évolution par décennie (% des parties)

Décennie	N parties	6…d6	6…d5	6…c6	6…Kh8
1950s	15	47%	47%	—	7%
1960s	7	71%	14%	—	—
1970s	9	33%	44%	—	—
1980s	8	75%	—	12%	—
1990s	27	52%	26%	19%	—
2000s	34	50%	32%	6%	3%
2010s	40	65%	20%	12%	2%
2020s	6	83%	—	17%	—

Tendances récentes (2010s → 2020s)

Coup	2010s	2020s	Δ
6…d6	65%	83%	▲ +18.3%
6…d5	20%	0%	▼ -20.0%
6…c6	12%	17%	▲ +4.2%
6…Kh8	2%	0%	▼ -2.5%

Joueurs célèbres

Champions du monde dans cette position

Botvinnik, Mikhail — 4 parties

Parties historiques

6…d6 — 56.8% (83 parties)

1951 — Botvinnik, Mikhail vs Bronstein, David I — 1/2-1/2 — ?
1951 — Botvinnik, Mikhail vs Bronstein, David I — 1/2-1/2 — Moskou wch-m
1952 — Fiore, Ignazio vs Ferrantes, Giovanni — 0-1 — Ferrara ITA
1953 — Golombek, Harry vs Nikolac, Juraj — 0-1 — Opatija
1954 — Fielding, Gerald vs Romanenko, Ilya — 1-0 — New Orleans, LA USA

6…d5 — 26.0% (38 parties)

1951 — Bronstein, David I vs Botvinnik, Mikhail — 1-0 — Moskou wch-m
1951 — Bronstein, David I vs Botvinnik, Mikhail — 1/2-1/2 — Moskou wch-m
1951 — Jursevskis, Miervaldis vs Eberhard, Maxime — 1-0 — Vancouver
1951 — Del Solar, W. vs Jauregui, Carlos — 0-1 — Santiago de Chile
1952 — Bobekov, Radko vs Popov, Vesselin — 0-1 — Sofia BUL

6…c6 — 9.6% (14 parties)

1986 — Gaebler, Gisela vs Illig, Ursula — 1-0 — Bad Neustadt
1991 — Brugman, N vs Greven, Ron — 1-0 — Alkmaar
1992 — Kaiser, Thomas, Dr. vs Orth, Roman — 0-1 — Bochum GER
1993 — Osten, Stefan vs Wurzer, Georg — 1/2-1/2 — Fuessen
1993 — Sarnowski, Konrad vs Lasut, Dawid — 1-0 — corr Poland

6…Kh8 — 2.1% (3 parties)

1955 — Santasiere, Anthony vs Steiner, Herman — 0-1 — Long Beach, CA USA
2003 — Lewerenz, Heinz vs Zimmermann, Jens — 1-0 — Mecklenburg VP
2015 — Mafnas, Peter vs Manuel, Enofre Efren D. — 0-1 — Tumon