A88a — Dutch: Leningrad, Main Line, 7.Nc3 c6

1.d4 f5 2.c4 Nf6 3.g3 g6 4.Bg2 Bg7 5.Nf3 O-O 6.O-O d6 7.Nc3 c6 * ○ Trait aux Blancs

Ouverture — Centre semi-ouvert

♔ Point de vue Blancs

8 7 6 5 4 3 2 1

abcdefgh

Plan principal. Exploiter la case forte f4….

Atouts. Les Blancs s'appuient sur les cases fortes f4 et g5 et la paire de fous.

Côté adverse. Les fous enfermés en g7 et c8.

En contrepartie. Plusieurs pièces dorment encore (le fou c1 et la tour a1).

Plans. Bg5 (Clouer Nf6) ; h3 (Empêcher ...Bg4).

♚ Point de vue Noirs

1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8

hgfedcba

Plan principal. Exploiter la case forte g4.

Atouts. Les Noirs s'appuient sur les cases fortes e4 et g4, un avant-poste en g4 et la paire de fous.

Côté adverse. Les fous enfermés en c1 et g2.

En contrepartie. Plusieurs pièces dorment encore (le cavalier b8, le fou c8 et la tour a8).

Plans. ...Nbd7 (Développer Nb8) ; ...c5 (Rupture) ; ...d5 (Rupture) ; ...e6 (Rupture) ; ...e5 (Rupture).

Avantages

Faiblesses adverses

Diagonale active

Plans

Structure de pions

	♔ Blancs	♚ Noirs
Pions doublés	—	—
Pions isolés	—	—
Arriérés	—	—
Chaînes	● f2→g3, h2→g3	● g6→f5, b7→c6, e7→d6, h7→g6
Passés	—	—
Majorité	—	—

Cases

	♔ Blancs	♚ Noirs
Cases fortes	● f4 (2v0), ● g5 (2v0)	● e4 (2v1), ● g4 (2v0)
Cases faibles	—	—
Centre	● d4 (2v0), ● e5 (2v1)	● e4 (2v1)

Colonnes et diagonales

♔ Blancs

♚ Noirs

Pièces

	♔ Blancs	♚ Noirs
Bc1	● Bc1 Non développé (mob. 5)
Bg2	● Bg2 Enfermé (mob. 2)
Bg7		● Bg7 Enfermé (mob. 2)
Bc8		● Bc8 Non développé (mob. 2)
Paire de fous	● Oui	● Oui
Non développées	2 (● c1, ● a1)	3 (● b8, ● c8, ● a8)

Sécurité du roi

	♔ Blancs	♚ Noirs
Statut	● Roqué	● Roqué
Droits de roque	—	—

Thèmes

	♔ Blancs	♚ Noirs
Phase	Ouverture
Centre	semi-ouvert
Ruptures	● c4-c5, ● d4-d5, ● e2-e3	● …c6-c5, ● …d6-d5, ● …e7-e6, ● …e7-e5, ● …f5-f4

Partie
19. European Teams 2013 – Round 7.11 – Vazquez Igarza, Renier – 0-1 – Bartel, Mateusz – G242 1. d4 f5 2. g3 Nf6 3. Bg2 g6 4. Nf3 Bg7 5. c4 O-O 6. O-O d6 7. Nc3 c6 8. Rb1 Na6 9. b3 Ne4 10. Bb2 Qa5
19. European Teams 2013 – Round 9.5 – Banikas, Hristos – 1/2-1/2 – Caruana, Fabiano – G324 1. d4 d6 2. Nf3 g6 3. c4 f5 4. g3 Bg7 5. Bg2 Nf6 6. O-O O-O 7. Nc3 c6 8. Rb1 a5 9. d5 e5 10. dxe6 Bxe6
1939 Kemeri / Riga – Round 1 – Szabo, Ladislav – 1-0 – Hasenfuss, Wolfgang – G2 1. c4 f5 2. g3 Nf6 3. Nf3 g6 4. d4 Bg7 5. Bg2 O-O 6. O-O d6 7. Nc3 c6 8. Bg5 Nbd7 9. Qd2 e5 10. dxe5 dxe5
1956 GDR Ch Leipzig GER – Round 4 – Juettler Helmut – 1-0 – Liebert, Heinz – G7 1. d4 f5 2. g3 Nf6 3. Nf3 g6 4. Bg2 Bg7 5. O-O O-O 6. c4 d6 7. Nc3 c6 8. b4 Kh8 9. Rb1 Be6 10. d5 cxd5
1956 URS Ch sf – Round ? – Novotelnov, Nikolai – 1-0 – Khasin, Abram – G4 1. c4 f5 2. d4 Nf6 3. Nf3 g6 4. g3 Bg7 5. Bg2 O-O 6. O-O c6 7. Nc3 d6 8. Qb3 Na6 9. Rd1 Qc7 10. d5 Nc5
1956 URS Ch sf – Round ? – Tarasov, Vitaly – 1/2-1/2 – Vasiukov, Evgeni – G8 1. c4 g6 2. Nc3 Bg7 3. g3 d6 4. Bg2 f5 5. d4 Nf6 6. Nf3 c6 7. O-O O-O 8. Rb1 Kh8 9. d5 e5 10. dxe6 Bxe6
1957 DDR Ch 08th – Round 6 – Eising, Johannes – 1-0 – Mannsfeld, Peter – G40 1. Nf3 f5 2. g3 Nf6 3. Bg2 d6 4. d4 g6 5. O-O Bg7 6. c4 O-O 7. Nc3 c6 8. Qd3 Qc7 9. e4 e5 10. Bg5 Na6
1958 GBR Ch 45th – Round 6.8 – Cafferty, Bernard – 1/2-1/2 – Wood, Baruch – G44 1. c4 f5 2. d4 Nf6 3. g3 g6 4. Bg2 Bg7 5. Nc3 O-O 6. Nf3 d6 7. O-O c6 8. Qb3 Qb6 9. d5 e5 10. dxe6 Bxe6
1958 Jonkoping – Round 5 – Ljungquist, Lennart – 1/2-1/2 – Nilsson, Zandor – G11 1. d4 f5 2. Nf3 Nf6 3. g3 g6 4. Bg2 Bg7 5. O-O O-O 6. c4 d6 7. Nc3 c6 8. Qb3 e6 9. Rd1 Qe7 10. Bf4 Nh5
1958 Munich olm fin-B – Round 4 – Kramer, Haije – 1/2-1/2 – De Greif, Boris – G7 1. c4 f5 2. d4 Nf6 3. g3 g6 4. Bg2 Bg7 5. Nf3 O-O 6. O-O d6 7. Nc3 c6 8. Qb3 Na6 9. Rd1 Qe8 10. c5+ Kh8
1959 Candidates Tournament women – Round 12 – Keller-Hermann, Edith – 1-0 – Borisenko-Belova, Valentina – G46 1. d4 f5 2. g3 Nf6 3. Bg2 g6 4. Nf3 Bg7 5. O-O O-O 6. c4 d6 7. Nc3 c6 8. b4 Kh8 9. Qb3 Qe8 10. Bb2 e5
1960 Buenos Aires ch-ARG – Round 3 – Reinhardt, Anton – 1/2-1/2 – Pelikan, Anna – G19 1. d4 f5 2. Nf3 Nf6 3. g3 g6 4. Bg2 Bg7 5. O-O O-O 6. c4 d6 7. Nc3 c6 8. Rb1 a5 9. Qc2 Na6 10. a3 e5
1960 It Bad Salzungen GER – Round 8 – Drozd, Ryszard – 0-1 – Lutikov, Anatoly S – G36 1. Nf3 f5 2. g3 Nf6 3. Bg2 g6 4. O-O Bg7 5. c4 O-O 6. Nc3 d6 7. d4 c6 8. Bf4 h6 9. d5 g5 10. Be3 e5
1960 Leipzig olm prel – Round 1 – Bazan, Osvaldo – 1-0 – Mercuri, Lorenzo – G1 1. c4 f5 2. Nf3 Nf6 3. g3 g6 4. d4 c6 5. Bg2 Bg7 6. O-O O-O 7. Nc3 d6 8. Qb3 Na6 9. Rd1 Nc7 10. d5 c5
1961 Mar del Plata – Round 13 – Rossetto, Hector – 1-0 – Pelikan, Jan – G109 1. d4 f5 2. g3 Nf6 3. Bg2 g6 4. Nf3 Bg7 5. O-O O-O 6. c4 d6 7. Nc3 c6 8. Rb1 a5 9. d5 e5 10. dxe6 Bxe6
1961 Nykobing – Round 1 – Moller, Per – 1/2-1/2 – Nielsen, Axel – G25 1. Nf3 f5 2. d4 Nf6 3. c4 g6 4. Nc3 Bg7 5. g3 d6 6. Bg2 O-O 7. O-O c6 8. b4 Kh8 9. Bb2 Be6 10. Qd3 Nbd7
1964 Tel Aviv olm fin-B – Round 13 – Namzhil, Naidan – 0-1 – Fridh, Anton – G43 1. c4 f5 2. Nc3 Nf6 3. g3 g6 4. Bg2 Bg7 5. Nf3 O-O 6. d4 d6 7. O-O c6 8. Qb3 Kh8 9. Bg5 Nbd7 10. Rad1 h6
1965 Buenos Aires – Round 3 – Panno, Oscar – 1-0 – Rollansky, Ruben – G29 1. Nf3 f5 2. g3 d6 3. d4 c6 4. c4 Nf6 5. Nc3 g6 6. Bg2 Bg7 7. O-O O-O 8. Qb3 h6 9. Re1 Qe8 10. e4 fxe4
1965 Capablanca Memorial – Round 15 – Bilek, Istvan – 1/2-1/2 – Kholmov, Ratmir D – G146 1. c4 f5 2. Nf3 Nf6 3. g3 g6 4. Bg2 Bg7 5. O-O O-O 6. Nc3 d6 7. d4 c6 8. Qd3 Kh8 9. Bg5 Be6 10. Rfe1 Nbd7
1965 Yerevan – Round 7 – Stahlberg, Gideon – 1/2-1/2 – Nei, Iivo – G36 1. c4 f5 2. Nf3 Nf6 3. g3 g6 4. Bg2 Bg7 5. Nc3 O-O 6. O-O d6 7. d4 c6 8. Bf4 h6 9. Qc2 Qe8 10. d5 g5
1965 Zinnowitz GER – Round 5 – Liebert, Heinz – 1/2-1/2 – Moehring, Guenther – G9 1. c4 f5 2. Nc3 Nf6 3. Nf3 g6 4. g3 Bg7 5. Bg2 O-O 6. O-O d6 7. d4 c6 8. Bg5 Nbd7 9. Qd2 e5 10. Bh6 Qe7
1966 Rio Hondo zt – Round 9 – Bolbochan, J. – 1-0 – Pelikan, Jan – G17 1. d4 f5 2. g3 Nf6 3. Bg2 d6 4. Nf3 g6 5. O-O Bg7 6. c4 O-O 7. Nc3 c6 8. Qd3 Na6 9. a3 Qc7 10. c5 dxc5
1967 Sweden (ch) – Round 5 – Stenborg, Ake – 0-1 – Skold, Kristian – G27 1. Nf3 g6 2. g3 Bg7 3. Bg2 f5 4. d4 Nf6 5. c4 d6 6. Nc3 O-O 7. O-O c6 8. Bf4 Ne4 9. Qb3 Qe8 10. c5+ Kh8
1968 Buenos Aires – Round 7 – Wexler, Bernardo – 0-1 – Panno, Oscar – G36 1. d4 f5 2. Nf3 Nf6 3. c4 g6 4. g3 4. ... Bg7 5. Nc3 O-O 6. Bg2 d6 7. O-O c6 8. Qb3 Kh8 9. Bf4 h6 10. Rad1 Qe8
1968 Mar del Plata ch-ARG – Round 7 – Guimard, Carlos E – 1-0 – Pelikan, Jan – G46 1. d4 f5 2. Nf3 Nf6 3. g3 g6 4. Bg2 Bg7 5. O-O O-O 6. c4 d6 7. Nc3 c6 8. Bg5 h6 9. Bxf6 Bxf6 10. e4 e5
1968 SWE Ch – Round 6 – Horberg, Bengt-Eric – 0-1 – Platzack, Sven – G12 1. c4 g6 2. Nc3 Bg7 3. g3 f5 4. Bg2 Nf6 5. d4 d6 6. Nf3 O-O 7. O-O c6 8. Bf4 Nh5 9. Qd2 Nxf4 10. gxf4 a5
1969 Raach zt – Round 2 – Hecht, Hans-Joachim – 1/2-1/2 – Dueball, Juergen – G32 1. c4 f5 2. d4 Nf6 3. g3 g6 4. Bg2 Bg7 5. Nf3 O-O 6. O-O d6 7. Nc3 c6 8. Qb3 Qb6 9. d5 Qxb3 10. axb3 cxd5
1974 Manila – Round 4 – Naranja, Renato – 0-1 – Larsen, Bent – G12 1. c4 g6 2. Nf3 Bg7 3. d4 d6 4. g3 f5 5. Bg2 Nf6 6. O-O O-O 7. Nc3 c6 8. Qb3 Kh8 9. Rd1 Na6 10. h3 Qe8
20. European Teams 2015 – Round 2.4 – Meier, Georg – 1/2-1/2 – Anton Guijarro, David – G85 1. d4 f5 2. g3 Nf6 3. Bg2 g6 4. c4 Bg7 5. Nc3 O-O 6. Nf3 d6 7. O-O c6 8. Rb1 Ne4 9. Qc2 Nxc3 10. bxc3 e5
41. Olympiad Open 2014 – Round 7.11 – Wojtaszek, Radoslaw – 1-0 – Predojevic, Borki – G471 1. d4 d6 2. Nf3 g6 3. c4 f5 4. Nc3 Nf6 5. g3 Bg7 6. Bg2 O-O 7. O-O c6 8. Rb1 a5 9. Qb3 h6 10. Rd1 Nbd7
74. Tata Steel GMA 2012 – Round 2 – Aronian, Levon – 1-0 – Nakamura, Hikaru – G8 1. d4 f5 2. g3 Nf6 3. Bg2 g6 4. Nf3 Bg7 5. O-O O-O 6. c4 d6 7. Nc3 c6 8. Qb3 Kh8 9. Rd1 Na6 10. Qa3 Nc7
Corus A 2010 – Round 8 – Kramnik, Vladimir – 1-0 – Nakamura, Hikaru – G49 1. d4 f5 2. g3 Nf6 3. Bg2 g6 4. c4 Bg7 5. Nc3 O-O 6. Nf3 d6 7. O-O c6 8. Rb1 Ne4 9. Qc2 Nxc3 10. bxc3 e5
FIDE Candidates 2013 – Round 2.4 – Radjabov, Teimour – 1-0 – Ivanchuk, Vasyl – G8 1. d4 d6 2. Nf3 g6 3. c4 f5 4. Nc3 Nf6 5. g3 Bg7 6. Bg2 O-O 7. O-O c6 8. Rb1 Ne4 9. Qc2 Nxc3 10. bxc3 e5
FIDE World Blitz Championship 2014 – Round 7.2 – Radjabov, Teimour – 0-1 – Nepomniachtchi, Ian – G55 1. Nf3 g6 2. c4 Bg7 3. d4 f5 4. Nc3 Nf6 5. g3 O-O 6. Bg2 d6 7. O-O c6 8. b4 h6 9. b5 Be6 10. bxc6 bxc6
SportAccord Blitz Men 2013 – Round 17.8 – Wang, Hao(ZJWZ) – 0-1 – Ponomariov, Ruslan – G133 1. Nf3 f5 2. g3 Nf6 3. Bg2 g6 4. O-O Bg7 5. c4 O-O 6. d4 d6 7. Nc3 c6 8. Rb1 a5 9. b3 Na6 10. Bb2 Qc7
World Blitz 2016 – Round 10.7 – Bu, Xiangzhi – 0-1 – Nepomniachtchi, Ian – G421 1. Nf3 f5 2. d4 Nf6 3. c4 g6 4. g3 Bg7 5. Bg2 O-O 6. O-O d6 7. Nc3 c6 8. Rb1 Qe8 9. d5 Na6 10. b4 Nc7
World Blitz 2016 – Round 11.36 – Adhiban, B. – 1-0 – Potapov, Pavel – G448 1. d4 f5 2. c4 Nf6 3. Nc3 d6 4. Nf3 g6 5. g3 Bg7 6. Bg2 O-O 7. O-O c6 8. Bg5 Qc7 9. Qd2 e5 10. c5 e4
World Blitz 2016 – Round 4.40 – Mareco, Sandro – 1/2-1/2 – Potapov, Pavel – G168 1. Nf3 f5 2. c4 Nf6 3. g3 g6 4. Bg2 Bg7 5. O-O d6 6. d4 O-O 7. Nc3 c6 8. Rb1 Qc7 9. b3 e5 10. dxe5 dxe5
World Blitz 2016 – Round 9.27 – Svane, Rasmus – 1/2-1/2 – Cheparinov, Ivan – G361 1. Nf3 f5 2. g3 Nf6 3. Bg2 g6 4. O-O Bg7 5. d4 O-O 6. c4 d6 7. Nc3 c6 8. Rb1 Ne4 9. Qc2 Nxc3 10. bxc3 e5
World Blitz 2019 – Round 12.46 – Meier, Georg – 0-1 – Sethuraman, S.P. – G826 1. Nf3 d6 2. d4 g6 3. g3 Bg7 4. Bg2 f5 5. O-O Nf6 6. c4 O-O 7. Nc3 c6 8. Rb1 a5 9. a3 Na6 10. b4 axb4
World Blitz 2019 – Round 5.29 – Gelfand, Boris – 1-0 – Timofeev, Artyom – G329 1. d4 d6 2. Nf3 g6 3. g3 Bg7 4. Bg2 f5 5. O-O Nf6 6. c4 O-O 7. Nc3 c6 8. Qb3 Na6 9. Rd1 Qc7 10. c5+ Kh8
Zurich Chess Challenge 2014 – Round 2.1 – Gelfand, Boris – 1/2-1/2 – Caruana, Fabiano – G4 1. d4 d6 2. Nf3 g6 3. c4 f5 4. Nc3 Nf6 5. g3 Bg7 6. Bg2 O-O 7. O-O c6 8. b4 e5 9. dxe5 dxe5 10. e4 Be6
Zurich Korchnoi CC Blitz 2017 – Round 4.2 – Pelletier, Yannick – 0-1 – Svidler, Peter – G14 1. d4 d6 2. Nf3 g6 3. c4 f5 4. Nc3 Nf6 5. g3 Bg7 6. Bg2 O-O 7. O-O c6 8. Rb1 a5 9. b3 Na6 10. Bb2 Bd7
Zurich SUI, 4. CC Blitz 2015 – Round 5.2 – Kramnik, Vladimir – 0-1 – Caruana, Fabiano – G12 1. Nf3 g6 2. g3 Bg7 3. Bg2 f5 4. d4 Nf6 5. O-O O-O 6. c4 d6 7. Nc3 c6 8. Rb1 Na6 9. b4 Ne4 10. Nxe4 fxe4

A88a — Leningrad Main Line

1.d4 f5 2.c4 Nf6 3.g3 g6 4.Bg2 Bg7 5.Nf3 O-O 6.O-O d6 7.Nc3 c6

Les coups candidats

8.d5 — 32.5% (3542 parties) →

Ambassadeurs : Danner, Georg (21x), Grunberg, Mihai-Lucian (19x), Buecker, Stefan (18x), Beim, Valeri (15x), Marten, Gero (13x), Knezevic, Milorad (12x), Andersson, Ulf (12x), Kuczynski, Robert (10x)

8.b3 — 16.8% (1829 parties) →

Ambassadeurs : Marten, Gero (16x), Pirs, Matjaz (13x), Hild, Harald (11x), Dolmatov, Sergey (9x), Ochoa De Echaguen, Francisco Javier (7x), Miezis, Normunds (7x), Pap, Marko (7x), Carlberg, Gunnar (6x)

8.Rb1 — 14.5% (1580 parties)

Ambassadeurs : Pirs, Matjaz (36x), Marten, Gero (17x), Scheiba, Manfred (15x), Staroske, Uwe Dr (15x), Gebur, Thomas (14x), Troia, Elio (13x), Lunek, Ferry A (11x), Fabig, Holger (10x)

8.Qc2 — 12.3% (1342 parties) →

Ambassadeurs : Vrana, Frantisek (7x), Curdo, John (5x), Balta, Mihai Victor (5x), Nilsson, Zandor (4x), Vallejo Pons, Francisco (4x), Medvegy, Judit (4x), Hemmert, Michael (4x), Nomin-Erdene, Davaademberel (4x)

Analyse statistique des coups candidats

Répartition par niveau Elo (% des parties)

Tranche Elo	N parties	8.d5	8.b3	8.Rb1	8.Qc2
<1800	272	17%	14%	15%	14%
1800-2200	3907	29%	14%	12%	16%
2200-2600	4990	37%	19%	18%	8%
2600+	196	18%	28%	27%	8%

Évolution par décennie (% des parties)

Décennie	N parties	8.d5	8.b3	8.Rb1	8.Qc2
1920s	1	—	—	—	100%
1930s	2	—	—	—	50%
1940s	2	—	—	—	100%
1950s	44	18%	11%	2%	32%
1960s	107	23%	13%	4%	30%
1970s	331	43%	17%	3%	18%
1980s	546	56%	16%	2%	11%
1990s	1721	43%	22%	4%	11%
2000s	2211	38%	14%	7%	13%
2010s	4630	24%	16%	24%	12%
2020s	1300	27%	17%	17%	11%

Tendances récentes (2010s → 2020s)

Coup	2010s	2020s	Δ
8.d5	24%	27%	▲ +3.1%
8.b3	16%	17%	▲ +0.7%
8.Rb1	24%	17%	▼ -7.1%
8.Qc2	12%	11%	-0.3%

Joueurs célèbres

Champions du monde dans cette position

Ju, Wenjun — 6 parties
Botvinnik, Mikhail — 4 parties
Carlsen, Magnus — 2 parties
Ding, Liren — 2 parties
Kramnik, Vladimir — 2 parties
Gukesh D — 2 parties
Karpov, Aleksandr — 1 partie
Karpov, Anatoly — 1 partie

Parties historiques

8.d5 — 32.5% (3542 parties)

1956 — Sajtar, Jaroslav vs Liebert, Heinz — 1/2-1/2 — Ulaanbaatar MGL
1956 — Simagin, Konstantin vs Hasin Raihan, Abir — 1-0 — Moscow RUS
1957 — Tsvetkov, Alexandar K vs Kotkow, J — 1/2-1/2 — Sofia BLG-ROS
1957 — Dolezal, Jiri vs Liebert, Heinz — 0-1 — Dresden GER
1959 — Olafsson, Fridrik vs Johansson, Ingi Randver — 1/2-1/2 — Reykjavik ISL

8.b3 — 16.8% (1829 parties)

1954 — Pirc, Vasja vs Fuderer, Andrija — 1-0 — Zagreb CRO
1956 — Namsrai, D. vs Liebert, Heinz — 0-1 — Ulaanbaatar MGL
1957 — Ivanov, Pavlin Nikolay vs Neikirkh, Oleg — 1/2-1/2 — Sofia BUL
1958 — Chalabi Edgard vs Heidenfeld, Wolfgang — 1-0 — Munich GER
1959 — Herink, Miroslav vs Jansa, Vlastimil — 0-1 — Cerveny Kostelec

8.Rb1 — 14.5% (1580 parties)

1956 — Tarasov, Vitaly vs Vasiukov, Evgeni — 1/2-1/2 — Kharkov UKR
1960 — Reinhardt, Anton vs Pelikan, Anna — 1/2-1/2 — Buenos Aires ch-ARG
1961 — Rossetto, Hector vs Pelikan, Jan — 1-0 — Mar del Plata ARG
1967 — Rollansky, Ruben vs Moyano Morales, Francisco Javier — 1-0 — Mar del Plata ARG
1969 — Kushnir, Alla vs Trojanska, Evelina — 1-0 — Lublin POL

8.Qc2 — 12.3% (1342 parties)

1928 — Alonso de Blas, Alejandro vs Kletchinski — 1-0 — Warsaw POL
1939 — Bolbochan, J. vs Apscheneek, Fricis — 1-0 — Buenos Aires ARG
1947 — Goldberg, Grigory A vs Kuzminykh, Evgeny — 0-1 — Leningrad RUS
1949 — Bozic, Aleksandar vs Kostic, Boris — 0-1 — Zagreb CRO
1950 — Stoltz, Gösta vs Kostic, Boris — 1-0 — Bled SLO

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