A81f — Dutch: 2.g3 Nf6 3.Bg2

1.d4 f5 2.g3 Nf6 3.Bg2 * ● Trait aux Noirs

Ouverture — Centre semi-ouvert

♔ Point de vue Blancs

8 7 6 5 4 3 2 1

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Plan principal. Attaque sur le roi adverse resté au centre.

Atouts. Les Blancs s'appuient sur la case forte f4, un avant-poste en f4, un fou actif en g2 et la paire de fous.

Côté adverse. Les fous enfermés en c8 et f8 et le roi resté au centre.

En contrepartie. Le roi n'est pas encore à l'abri et plusieurs pièces dorment encore (les cavaliers b1 et g1, le fou c1 et les tours a1 et h1).

Plans. Nbd2 (Développer Nb1) ; Nf3 (Développer Ng1) ; Bg5 (Clouer Nf6).

♚ Point de vue Noirs

1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8

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Plan principal. Attaque sur le roi adverse resté au centre.

Atouts. Les Noirs s'appuient sur les cases fortes e4 et g4, un avant-poste en g4 et la paire de fous.

Côté adverse. Le fou enfermé en c1 et le roi resté au centre.

En contrepartie. Le roi n'est pas encore à l'abri et plusieurs pièces dorment encore (le cavalier b8, les fous c8 et f8 et les tours a8 et h8).

Plans. ...d6 (Libérer Bc8) ; ...Nc6 (Développer Nb8) ; ...c5 (Rupture) ; ...d5 (Rupture) ; ...e6 (Rupture).

Avantages

Faiblesses adverses

Diagonale active

Plans

Structure de pions

	♔ Blancs	♚ Noirs
Pions doublés	—	—
Pions isolés	—	—
Arriérés	—	—
Chaînes	● f2→g3, h2→g3	—
Passés	—	—
Majorité	—	—

Cases

	♔ Blancs	♚ Noirs
Cases fortes	● f4 (2v0)	● e4 (2v1), ● g4 (2v0)
Cases faibles	—	—
Centre	● d4 (1v0), ● e5 (1v0)	● e4 (2v1)

Colonnes et diagonales

♔ Blancs

♚ Noirs

Pièces

	♔ Blancs	♚ Noirs
Bc1	● Bc1 Non développé (mob. 5)
Bg2	● Bg2 Actif (mob. 7)
Bc8		● Bc8 Non développé (mob. 0)
Bf8		● Bf8 Non développé (mob. 0)
Paire de fous	● Oui	● Oui
Non développées	5 (● b1, ● g1, ● c1, ● a1, ● h1)	5 (● b8, ● c8, ● f8, ● a8, ● h8)

Sécurité du roi

	♔ Blancs	♚ Noirs
Statut	● Au centre !	● Au centre !
Droits de roque	O-O / O-O-O	O-O / O-O-O

Thèmes

	♔ Blancs	♚ Noirs
Phase	Ouverture
Centre	semi-ouvert
Ruptures	● c2-c3, ● d4-d5, ● e2-e3, ● f2-f3	● …c7-c6, ● …c7-c5, ● …d7-d6, ● …d7-d5, ● …e7-e6, ● …e7-e5, ● …f5-f4

Partie
1900 London – Round 10 – Alvarez Lee, Felix – 0-1 – Mason, James – G27 1. d4 f5 2. g3 Nf6 3. Bg2 c6 4. Nc3 e6 5. e4 fxe4 6. Nxe4 Be7 7. Nxf6+ Bxf6 8. f4 O-O 9. Nf3 b6 10. O-O Bb7
1924 BCF Ch 17th – Round 11 – Fairhurst, William – 0-1 – Khadilkar, Rohini – G48 1. d4 f5 2. g3 Nf6 3. Bg2 d6 4. Nf3 Nbd7 5. Qd3 Nb6 6. c4 g6 7. b3 Bg7 8. Bb2 O-O 9. Nbd2 Nh5 10. Rd1 a5
1926 Merano Meran ITA – Round 10 – Calapso, Remo – 0-1 – Kostic, Boris – G27 1. d4 f5 2. g3 Nf6 3. Bg2 d6 4. Nf3 Nc6 5. Bf4 h6 6. h4 Ng4 7. d5 e5 8. dxe6 Bxe6 9. Nd4 Nxd4 10. Qxd4 c6
1927 London Olympiad 1st – Round 8.31 – Gilg, Karl – 1/2-1/2 – Kostic, Boris – G82 1. d4 f5 2. g3 Nf6 3. Bg2 d6 4. Nf3 e6 5. O-O Nc6 6. c4 e5 7. dxe5 Nxe5 8. Nxe5 dxe5 9. Qxd8+ Kxd8 10. Nc3 c6
1935 AUS Ch – Round 11.1 – Koshnitsky, Gregory – 0-1 – Watson Charles Gilbert M – G8 1. d4 f5 2. g3 Nf6 3. Bg2 c6 4. Nh3 e5 5. dxe5 Qa5+ 6. Nc3 Qxe5 7. O-O d5 8. Be3 Bb4 9. Bd4 Qe7 10. Nf4 Nbd7
1941 GER Ch Bad Oeynhausen GER – Round 4 – Mueller, Hans – 1/2-1/2 – Kieninger, Georg – G9 1. d4 f5 2. g3 Nf6 3. Bg2 Nc6 4. d5 Ne5 5. Nf3 Nf7 6. O-O g6 7. c4 Bg7 8. Nc3 O-O 9. Qc2 c6 10. Rd1 c5
1949 Leningrad – Round 15 – Levenfish, Grigory – 1-0 – Kuzminykh, Evgeny – G107 1. d4 f5 2. g3 Nf6 3. Bg2 d6 4. Nc3 Nc6 5. Nf3 e6 6. d5 exd5 7. Nxd5 Be7 8. O-O O-O 9. c4 Ne5 10. b3 c6
1955 Zagreb – Round 1 – Djurasevic, Bozidar – 1-0 – Dimc, D. – G9 1. d4 f5 2. g3 Nf6 3. Bg2 d6 4. d5 c6 5. c4 e5 6. dxe6 Bxe6 7. Nd2 Be7 8. Ngf3 O-O 9. Nd4 Bd7 10. Qc2 g6
1957 Leningrad – Round 3 – Antoshin, Vladimir S – 0-1 – Tolush, Alexander V – G37 1. d4 f5 2. g3 Nf6 3. Bg2 d6 4. Nc3 e5 5. dxe5 dxe5 6. Qxd8+ Kxd8 7. Bg5 c6 8. Nf3 Bd6 9. e4 Kc7 10. exf5 Bxf5
1959 CSR Ch – Round 16 – Brach, Julius – 0-1 – Hort, Vlastimil – G130 1. d4 f5 2. g3 Nf6 3. Bg2 d6 4. c4 Nbd7 5. Nc3 e5 6. e3 g6 7. Nge2 Bg7 8. O-O O-O 9. b3 e4 10. Nf4 Qe7
1960 Aalborg – Round 1 – Enevoldsen, Jens – 1/2-1/2 – Kolvig, Bent – G11 1. d4 f5 2. g3 Nf6 3. Bg2 d6 4. Nc3 Nc6 5. e4 fxe4 6. Nxe4 d5 7. Nxf6+ exf6 8. c3 Be6 9. Ne2 Bd6 10. Nf4 Bxf4
1960 CSR Ch – Round 16 – Blatny, Frantisek – 1-0 – Florian, Jaromir – G135 1. d4 f5 2. g3 Nf6 3. Bg2 d5 4. c4 dxc4 5. Nf3 Nc6 6. Qa4 Be6 7. Nc3 Nd7 8. Ng5 Bf7 9. Bxc6 bxc6 10. Qxc6 h6
1960 Moscow CCCT – Round 9 – Bagirov, Vladimir – 1/2-1/2 – Hort, Vlastimil – G50 1. d4 f5 2. g3 Nf6 3. Bg2 d6 4. Nf3 e6 5. O-O Be7 6. b3 O-O 7. Bb2 Qe8 8. Nc3 d5 9. Na4 Nbd7 10. Rc1 b5
1960 Tarragona – Round 7 – O'Kelly de Galway, Alberic – 1-0 – Bjelica, Dimitrije – G24 1. d4 f5 2. g3 Nf6 3. Bg2 d5 4. Nh3 e6 5. Nd2 Bd6 6. Nf3 O-O 7. Nf4 Qe8 8. Nd3 Nbd7 9. O-O Ne4 10. Bf4 Bxf4
1961 ROM Ch – Round 14 – Mititelu, Gheorghe – 1/2-1/2 – Gheorghiu, Florin – G88 1. d4 f5 2. g3 Nf6 3. Bg2 d6 4. Nc3 Nbd7 5. d5 e5 6. dxe6 Nc5 7. Nh3 c6 8. Ng5 Nxe6 9. e4 fxe4 10. Ngxe4 d5
1962 CSR Ch – Round 4 – Hybl, Jaroslav – 1-0 – Jansa, Vlastimil – G29 1. d4 f5 2. g3 Nf6 3. Bg2 d6 4. Nf3 c6 5. O-O Qc7 6. c4 e5 7. dxe5 dxe5 8. Nc3 Be6 9. b3 Nbd7 10. Qc2 g6
1962 Varna olm – Round 8 – Byrne, Ray – 1/2-1/2 – Gheorghiu, Florin – G339 1. d4 f5 2. g3 Nf6 3. Bg2 d6 4. Nc3 Nbd7 5. Nh3 e5 6. O-O exd4 7. Qxd4 Be7 8. b3 c6 9. Bb2 d5 10. e3 O-O
1964 EU Team Ch sf – Round 1.3 – Kolarov, Atanas Stefanov – 1/2-1/2 – Gheorghiu, Florin – G7 1. d4 f5 2. g3 Nf6 3. Bg2 d6 4. Nf3 c6 5. O-O Qc7 6. Nbd2 e5 7. dxe5 dxe5 8. e4 fxe4 9. Ng5 Bg4 10. Qe1 Nbd7
1964 Kecskemet zt – Round 1 – Szabo, Ladislav – 1-0 – Hort, Vlastimil – G13 1. d4 f5 2. g3 Nf6 3. Bg2 d6 4. Nc3 g6 5. e4 fxe4 6. Nxe4 Bg7 7. Nxf6+ exf6 8. h4 Nc6 9. h5 f5 10. Be3 Qe7
1965 Corr UDAPA – Round ? – Morgado, Juan Sebastian – 1-0 – Cavalli Augusto – G4 1. d4 f5 2. g3 Nf6 3. Bg2 d6 4. Nf3 c6 5. c4 Qc7 6. d5 g6 7. Nc3 Bg7 8. O-O O-O 9. Nd4 c5 10. Nc2 Nbd7
1965 Mar del Plata – Round 5 – Aguayo Cruz, Ramon Uriel – 0-1 – Palermo, Vicente – G39 1. d4 f5 2. g3 Nf6 3. Bg2 d6 4. Nc3 c6 5. e4 fxe4 6. Nxe4 Nxe4 7. Bxe4 Bf5 8. Qd3 Bxe4 9. Qxe4 Nd7 10. Bd2 Nf6
1965 POL Ch 22th – Round 6 – Doda, Zbigniew – 1-0 – Schinzel, Wladyslaw – G34 1. g3 f5 2. Bg2 Nf6 3. d4 d6 4. d5 c6 5. Nc3 g6 6. Nh3 Bd7 7. O-O Na6 8. Nf4 Nc7 9. e4 fxe4 10. Nxe4 Nfxd5
1966 La Habana olm fin-B – Round 13 – Zinser, Sylvain – 0-1 – Littlewood, Norman – G50 1. d4 f5 2. g3 Nf6 3. Bg2 c6 4. c4 d6 5. Nf3 Qc7 6. O-O e5 7. Nc3 e4 8. Ne1 Be7 9. f3 exf3 10. exf3 O-O
1966 Palma de Mallorca – Round 15 – Pomar Salamanca, Arturo – 1/2-1/2 – Menvielle Laccourreye, Augusto – G88 1. d4 f5 2. g3 Nf6 3. Bg2 d6 4. Nc3 g6 5. e4 Nc6 6. Nge2 Bg7 7. Bg5 h6 8. Bxf6 Bxf6 9. Nf4 Rg8 10. Nxg6 Nxd4
1967 Dundee Centenary – Round 9 – Kottnauer, Cenek – 1/2-1/2 – Davie, Alexander M – G15 1. d4 f5 2. g3 Nf6 3. Bg2 d6 4. d5 e5 5. dxe6 Nc6 6. Nh3 Bxe6 7. Ng5 Bg8 8. O-O h6 9. Nf3 Qd7 10. Nd4 Bd5
1968 Buenos Aires – Round 1 – Sanguinetti, Raul – 1/2-1/2 – Pelikán, Jiří – G7 1. d4 f5 2. g3 Nf6 3. Bg2 d6 4. Nf3 c6 5. b3 g6 6. Bb2 Bg7 7. O-O O-O 8. Nbd2 a5 9. a3 Na6 10. e3 Nc7
1968 Lublin PKWN 4th – Round 8 – Filep, Tibor – 1/2-1/2 – Knezevic, Milorad – G24 1. d4 f5 2. g3 Nf6 3. Bg2 d6 4. Nf3 g6 5. b3 Bg7 6. Bb2 O-O 7. O-O e6 8. c4 a5 9. a3 Na6 10. Nbd2 e5
1968 Reykjavik – Round 1 – Thorbergsson, Freysteinn – 1/2-1/2 – Vasiukov, Evgeni – G17 1. d4 f5 2. g3 Nf6 3. Bg2 c6 4. c4 g6 5. Nc3 Bg7 6. Nh3 d6 7. O-O O-O 8. d5 Kh8 9. e4 e5 10. f4 cxd5
1969 Netanya – Round 11 – Kraidman, Yair – 1-0 – Lombardy, William J – G70 1. d4 f5 2. g3 Nf6 3. Bg2 d6 4. Nf3 c6 5. O-O Qc7 6. Nbd2 g6 7. b3 Bg7 8. Bb2 O-O 9. c4 Kh8 10. Qc2 Na6
43. Olympiad 2018 – Round 2.42 – Berkes, Ferenc – 1-0 – Ashiku, Franc – G138 1. d4 f5 2. g3 Nf6 3. Bg2 d6 4. Nh3 g6 5. O-O Bg7 6. c3 e6 7. Nd2 O-O 8. e4 Nc6 9. exf5 gxf5 10. Nf4 Qe8
FIDE World Cup 2019 – Round 1.7 – Abasov, Nijat – 1/2-1/2 – Piorun, Kacper – G191 1. d4 f5 2. g3 Nf6 3. Bg2 d6 4. Nc3 g6 5. e4 fxe4 6. Nxe4 Bg7 7. Nxf6+ exf6 8. Ne2 d5 9. O-O O-O 10. Nf4 c6
Lindores Abbey Tal Memorial 2021 – Round 12.38 – Sasikiran, Krishnan – 1-0 – Zhou, Jianchao – G539 1. d4 f5 2. g3 Nf6 3. Bg2 d6 4. Nf3 g6 5. O-O Bg7 6. b3 O-O 7. Bb2 Ne4 8. Nbd2 Nc6 9. Ne1 d5 10. Ndf3 Be6
Masters 2000 – Round 2 – Van Wely, Loek – 0-1 – Bareev, Evgeny – G7 1. d4 f5 2. g3 Nf6 3. Bg2 d6 4. Nf3 g6 5. O-O Bg7 6. b4 O-O 7. Bb2 c6 8. c4 Na6 9. Qb3 Nc7 10. Nc3 Kh8
Memorial A.Alekhine (cat.18) 1992 – Round 6 – Gelfand, Boris – 1-0 – Salov, Valery – G6 1. d4 f5 2. g3 Nf6 3. Bg2 d6 4. Nc3 d5 5. Nf3 e6 6. O-O Be7 7. Bg5 O-O 8. e3 Bd7 9. Ne2 Bb5 10. Ne5 Bxe2
Reggio Emilia9192 1992 – Round 8 – Khalifman, Alexander – 0-1 – Salov, Valery – G29 1. d4 f5 2. g3 Nf6 3. Bg2 c6 4. c4 d6 5. d5 e5 6. dxe6 Bxe6 7. Nd2 g6 8. b3 Bg7 9. Bb2 Na6 10. Nh3 O-O
World Blitz 2019 – Round 5.67 – Korobov, Anton – 1-0 – Pogosyan, Stefan – G357 1. d4 f5 2. g3 Nf6 3. Bg2 d6 4. Nf3 g6 5. O-O Bg7 6. b3 O-O 7. Bb2 Nc6 8. d5 Nb8 9. c4 c6 10. Nc3 a5

A81f —

1.d4 f5 2.g3 Nf6 3.Bg2

Les coups candidats

3…g6 — 64.0% (17330 parties) →

Ambassadeurs : Malaniuk, Vladimir P (162x), Pirs, Matjaz (85x), Sherwood, Russell (83x), Hoang, Thanh Trang (79x), De La Riva Aguado, Oscar (59x), Marten, Gero (57x), Reinderman, Dimitri (56x), Bartel, Mateusz (54x)

3…e6 — 26.8% (7268 parties) →

Ambassadeurs : Boe, Mads (41x), Kristiansen, Jens (33x), Arnold, Robert G (32x), Nemec, Zdenek (30x), Bern, Ivar (29x), Newton, Hobart (28x), Peschardt, Søren (25x), Cvak, Rudolf (25x)

3…d6 — 5.6% (1522 parties)

Ambassadeurs : Malaniuk, Vladimir P (33x), Zill, Christoph (16x), Annakov, Babakuli (12x), Viola, Matteo (12x), Van Gameren Marc (10x), Rodriguez Vila, Andres (10x), Bareev, Evgeny (9x), Perez Garcia, Hebert (8x)

3…d5 — 2.4% (637 parties)

Ambassadeurs : Pavlov, Viktor Aleksandrovi (6x), Hassim, Unes (6x), Junker, Christian (5x), Gultom, Paul (5x), Lamprecht, Mark (4x), Aannevik, Bjarne (4x), Saffova, Michaela (4x), Schunk, Thomas (4x)

Analyse statistique des coups candidats

Répartition par niveau Elo (% des parties)

Tranche Elo	N parties	3…g6	3…e6	3…d6	3…d5
<1800	562	48%	40%	3%	6%
1800-2200	8309	60%	29%	5%	4%
2200-2600	13924	71%	22%	6%	1%
2600+	353	73%	19%	8%	—

Évolution par décennie (% des parties)

Décennie	N parties	3…g6	3…e6	3…d6	3…d5
1870s	5	—	60%	—	20%
1880s	2	—	50%	—	—
1890s	4	—	75%	—	25%
1900s	1	—	—	—	—
1910s	1	100%	—	—	—
1920s	21	19%	62%	19%	—
1930s	43	12%	81%	—	—
1940s	46	—	96%	2%	—
1950s	153	27%	67%	5%	1%
1960s	250	34%	47%	14%	2%
1970s	395	46%	38%	11%	1%
1980s	988	63%	28%	6%	1%
1990s	5804	66%	24%	7%	2%
2000s	8387	64%	28%	5%	2%
2010s	9203	65%	26%	4%	3%
2020s	1772	68%	24%	6%	2%

Tendances récentes (2010s → 2020s)

Coup	2010s	2020s	Δ
3…g6	65%	68%	▲ +2.1%
3…e6	26%	24%	▼ -2.5%
3…d6	4%	6%	▲ +1.5%
3…d5	3%	2%	▼ -0.6%

Joueurs célèbres

Champions du monde dans cette position

Karpov, Anatoly — 10 parties
Anand, Viswanathan — 10 parties
Ju, Wenjun — 10 parties
Kramnik, Vladimir — 8 parties
Carlsen, Magnus — 7 parties
Euwe, Max — 6 parties
Alekhine, Alexander — 6 parties
Karpov, Aleksandr — 6 parties
Botvinnik, Mikhail — 5 parties
Smyslov, Vladimir — 5 parties
Kasparov, Garry — 5 parties
Steinitz, Wilhelm — 4 parties
Lasker, Emanuel — 2 parties
Tal, Mikhail — 1 partie
Ding, Liren — 1 partie

Parties historiques

3…g6 — 64.0% (17330 parties)

1913 — Danielan, E. vs Rublevsky, Sergei — 0-1 — Yurmala
1923 — Alekhine, Alexander vs Tartakower, Savielly — 1/2-1/2 — Carlsbad CZE
1923 — Rubinstein, Akiba vs Bogoljubow, Efim — 0-1 — Carlsbad CZE
1923 — Bogoljubow, Efim vs Tartakower, Savielly — 1-0 — Carlsbad CZE
1927 — Thelen, Bedrich vs Hromadka, Karel — 1-0 — Prague Evony

3…e6 — 26.8% (7268 parties)

1872 — Steinitz, Wilhelm vs Zukertort, X — 1-0 — Londen
1872 — Steinitz, Wilhelm vs Zukertort, Johannes — 1-0 — London ENG
1872 — Steinitz, Wilhelm vs Zukertort, Johannes — 1-0 — London ENG
1889 — Blackburne, Joseph vs Bird, Henry — 1-0 — New York, NY USA
1890 — Blackburne, Joseph vs Bird, Henry — 0-1 — Manchester ENG

3…d6 — 5.6% (1522 parties)

1923 — Nenarokov, Vladimir vs Kubbel, Arvid — 0-1 — Petrograd ch-URS
1924 — Fairhurst, William vs Khadilkar, Rohini — 0-1 — Southport ENG
1926 — Calapso, Remo vs Kostic, Boris — 0-1 — Merano Meran ITA
1927 — Gilg, Karl vs Kostic, Boris — 1/2-1/2 — London ENG
1949 — Levenfish, Grigory vs Kuzminykh, Evgeny — 1-0 — Leningrad RUS

3…d5 — 2.4% (637 parties)

1874 — Parratt, Walter vs De Soyres, John — 1/2-1/2 — City of London CC
1891 — Lee, Francis J vs Bird, Henry — 0-1 — London ENG
1951 — Austin Gitao Nganga vs Caverly, W. — 1-0 — San Luis ARG
1955 — Steiner, Lajos vs Sheard, Keith — 1-0 — Perth AUS
1960 — Blatny, Frantisek vs Florian, Jaromir — 1-0 — Ostrava CZE

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