A53m — Old Indian: Ukranian, 4.e4

1.d4 Nf6 2.c4 d6 3.Nc3 e5 4.e4 * ● Trait aux Noirs

Ouverture — Centre fermé

♔ Point de vue Blancs

8 7 6 5 4 3 2 1

abcdefgh

Plans. Nf3 (Développer g1 — 20 % des parties) ; d5 (Occuper le centre — 7 % des parties).

♚ Point de vue Noirs

1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8

hgfedcba

Plans. ...exd4 (Capture en d4, Occuper le centre — 62 % des parties) ; ...Nbd7 (Développer b8 — 16 % des parties) ; ...Be7 (Développer f8 — 9 % des parties) ; ...c6 (Renforcer le centre — 7 % des parties) ; ...Nc6 (Développer b8 — 5 % des parties).

Avantages

Faiblesses

Diagonale active

Plans

Structure de pions

	♔ Blancs	♚ Noirs
Pions doublés	—	—
Pions isolés	—	—
Arriérés	—	—
Chaînes	—	● d6→e5, c7→d6
Passés	—	—
Majorité	—	—

Cases

	♔ Blancs	♚ Noirs
Cases fortes	● b5 (2v0), ● d5 (3v1)	● g4 (2v1)
Cases faibles	—	—
Centre	● d5 (3v1)	—

Colonnes et diagonales

♔ Blancs

♚ Noirs

Pièces

	♔ Blancs	♚ Noirs
Bc1	● Bc1 Non développé (mob. 5)
Bf1	● Bf1 Non développé (mob. 2)
Bc8		● Bc8 Non développé (mob. 5)
Bf8		● Bf8 Non développé (mob. 1)
Paire de fous	● Oui	● Oui
Non développées	5 (● g1, ● c1, ● f1, ● a1, ● h1)	5 (● b8, ● c8, ● f8, ● a8, ● h8)

Sécurité du roi

	♔ Blancs	♚ Noirs
Statut	● Au centre	● Au centre
Droits de roque	O-O / O-O-O	O-O / O-O-O

Thèmes

	♔ Blancs	♚ Noirs
Phase	Ouverture
Centre	fermé
Ruptures	● c4-c5, ● f2-f4	● …c7-c5, ● …d6-d5

Partie
1934 Leningrad ch-URS – Round 1 – Alatortsev, Vladimir N. – 1/2-1/2 – Riumin, Nikolai – G51 1. d4 Nf6 2. c4 d6 3. Nc3 e5 4. e4 exd4 5. Qxd4 Nc6 6. Qd1 g6 7. Nge2 Bg7 8. f3 Nd7 9. Be3 O-O 10. Qd2 Nce5
1937 Tbilisi ch-URS – Round 1 – Alatortsev, Vladimir N. – 1-0 – Kasparian, Genrikh – G46 1. d4 Nf6 2. c4 d6 3. Nc3 e5 4. e4 exd4 5. Qxd4 Nc6 6. Qd1 Be6 7. f3 g6 8. Bg5 Bg7 9. Qd2 h6 10. Be3 Nd7
1939 Leningrad/Moscow – Round 12 – Alatortsev, Vladimir N. – 1-0 – Tolush, Alexander V – G87 1. d4 Nf6 2. c4 d6 3. Nc3 e5 4. e4 Nc6 5. Nge2 g6 6. f3 Bg7 7. Be3 Nd7 8. d5 Ne7 9. g3 O-O 10. Bg2 f5
1940 Moskou ch-URS – Round 1 – Kotov, Alexander. – 1-0 – Konstantinopolsky, Alexander – G15 1. d4 Nf6 2. c4 d6 3. Nc3 e5 4. e4 exd4 5. Qxd4 Nc6 6. Qd1 Be6 7. Nf3 g6 8. Be2 Bg7 9. O-O O-O 10. Bg5 h6
1940 URS-sf – Round 1 – Alatortsev, Vladimir N. – 1-0 – Khavin, Abram – G13 1. d4 Nf6 2. c4 d6 3. Nc3 e5 4. e4 exd4 5. Qxd4 Nc6 6. Qd1 Be7 7. Nge2 O-O 8. Ng3 Re8 9. Be2 Bf8 10. O-O g6
1942 Moscow Ch – Round 1 – Alatortsev, Vladimir N. – 0-1 – Boleslavsky, Isaac – G18 1. d4 Nf6 2. c4 d6 3. Nc3 e5 4. e4 exd4 5. Qxd4 Nc6 6. Qd1 Be6 7. Nf3 g6 8. Be2 Bg7 9. O-O O-O 10. Ng5 Bd7
1943 Sverdlovsk – Round 10 – Kan, Ilya A – 1-0 – Boleslavsky, Isaac – G41 1. d4 Nf6 2. c4 d6 3. Nc3 e5 4. e4 exd4 5. Qxd4 Nc6 6. Qd2 g6 7. b3 Bg7 8. Bb2 O-O 9. Nge2 a5 10. f3 Re8
1944 Moskou ch-URS – Round ? – Lilienthal, Andor – 1-0 – Khavin, Abram Leonidovich – G114 1. d4 Nf6 2. c4 d6 3. Nc3 e5 4. e4 exd4 5. Qxd4 Nc6 6. Qd2 Ne5 7. b3 c6 8. Bb2 Be7 9. Be2 O-O 10. Nf3 a6
1944 Moskou ch-URS – Round 1 – Alatortsev, Vladimir N. – 0-1 – Khavin, Abram Leonidovich – G27 1. d4 Nf6 2. c4 d6 3. Nc3 e5 4. e4 exd4 5. Qxd4 Nc6 6. Qd2 Ne5 7. Be2 c6 8. Nf3 Be7 9. O-O O-O 10. b3 a6
1944 Moskou ch-URS – Round 1 – Flohr, Salo – 1-0 – Khavin, Abram Leonidovich – G29 1. d4 Nf6 2. c4 d6 3. Nc3 e5 4. e4 exd4 5. Qxd4 Nc6 6. Qd2 g6 7. g3 Bg7 8. Bg2 O-O 9. Nge2 Ne5 10. b3 Bg4
1945 URS-sf – Round 6 – Kan, Ilya A – 1/2-1/2 – Baturinsky, Victor – G23 1. d4 Nf6 2. c4 d6 3. Nc3 e5 4. e4 g6 5. dxe5 dxe5 6. Qxd8+ Kxd8 7. Bg5 Be7 8. O-O-O+ Ke8 9. Nf3 Bg4 10. Be2 Nbd7
1947 URS Ch, semi final – Round 5 – Aronin, Lev – 0-1 – Zagorovsky, Vladimir – G31 1. d4 Nf6 2. c4 d6 3. Nc3 e5 4. e4 exd4 5. Qxd4 Nc6 6. Qd2 g6 7. g3 Bg7 8. Bg2 O-O 9. Nge2 Re8 10. O-O a5
1947 Warsaw – Round 2 – Plytakowski – 1/2-1/2 – Gruenfeld, Ernst – G10 1. d4 Nf6 2. c4 d6 3. Nc3 e5 4. e4 exd4 5. Qxd4 Nc6 6. Qd1 Be7 7. g3 O-O 8. Bg2 Re8 9. Nge2 Ne5 10. b3 Bg4
1948 Bad Gastein – Round 2 – Kottnauer, Cenek – 1-0 – Bruckner, Guenther – G13 1. d4 Nf6 2. c4 d6 3. Nc3 e5 4. e4 Be7 5. Be2 c6 6. Nf3 Qc7 7. h3 Nbd7 8. Be3 b6 9. Qc2 Bb7 10. O-O O-O
1950 Moskou ch-URS – Round 1 – Alatortsev, Vladimir N. – 0-1 – Boleslavsky, Isaac – G27 1. d4 Nf6 2. c4 d6 3. Nc3 e5 4. e4 exd4 5. Qxd4 Nc6 6. Qd2 g6 7. b3 Bg7 8. Bb2 O-O 9. Bd3 Ng4 10. Nf3 Nge5
1955 Aalborg – Round 10 – Andersen, Borge – 1-0 – Kupferstich, Moises – G9 1. d4 Nf6 2. c4 d6 3. Nc3 e5 4. e4 exd4 5. Qxd4 Nc6 6. Qd2 Be7 7. b3 O-O 8. Bb2 Re8 9. Bd3 Nb4 10. Bb1 a5
1955 Hamburg – Round 2 – Kieninger, George – 1-0 – Heinicke, Herbert – G29 1. d4 Nf6 2. c4 d6 3. Nc3 e5 4. e4 exd4 5. Qxd4 Nc6 6. Qd2 g6 7. b3 Bg7 8. Bb2 O-O 9. Nge2 Re8 10. f3 Be6
1957 Southend Premier – Round 2 – Penrose, Justin – 0-1 – Clarke, Peter – G4 1. d4 Nf6 2. c4 d6 3. Nc3 e5 4. e4 exd4 5. Qxd4 Nc6 6. Qd2 g6 7. b3 Bg7 8. Bb2 O-O 9. Bd3 Ng4 10. Nf3 Nge5
1967 Havana Armies Ch 4th – Round 6 – Fierro Peraza, Olmos – 0-1 – Vadasz, Laszlo – G34 1. d4 Nf6 2. c4 d6 3. Nc3 e5 4. e4 exd4 5. Qxd4 Nc6 6. Qd1 g6 7. f3 Bg7 8. Be3 Be6 9. Qd2 Ne5 10. b3 a5

A53m — Ukranian (1931)

1.d4 Nf6 2.c4 d6 3.Nc3 e5 4.e4

Les coups candidats

4…exd4 — 62.1% (110 parties)

Ambassadeurs : Polugaevsky, Lev (2x), Nezhmetdinov, Rashid (2x), Garbett, Paul Anthony (2x), Belkhodja, Slim (2x), Kieninger, George (1x), Heinicke, Herbert (1x), Penrose, Jonathan (1x), Clarke, Peter (1x)

4…Nbd7 — 15.8% (28 parties) →

Ambassadeurs : Kovalevskaya, Ekaterina (2x), Cafiero, Michael (1x), Babiloni Martinez, Jose F. (1x), Trevelyan, John (1x), Jones, Iolo C (1x), Pein, Malcolm (1x), Schwartz, Ylon (1x), Boensch, Uwe (1x)

4…Be7 — 9.0% (16 parties)

Ambassadeurs : Wittmann, Rainer (1x), Schiffer, Karl-Josef (1x), Kirton, Neil (1x), Green Krotki, Jan (1x), Harasta, Vladimir (1x), Valent, Ivan (1x), Askgaard, Jens (1x), Christensen, Thomas (1x)

4…c6 — 6.8% (12 parties)

Ambassadeurs : Taimanov, Mark (1x), Zichichi, Alvise (1x), Guindy, Esmat Susanne (1x), Fredericia, Louise (1x), Cipra, Lothar (1x), Schoeller, Wolfgang (1x), Richter, Michael (1x), Argandona Riveiro, Inigo (1x)

Analyse statistique des coups candidats

Répartition par niveau Elo (% des parties)

Tranche Elo	N parties	4…exd4	4…Nbd7	4…Be7	4…c6
<1800	7	71%	14%	—	14%
1800-2200	74	57%	12%	15%	11%
2200-2600	73	68%	16%	7%	3%

Évolution par décennie (% des parties)

Décennie	N parties	4…exd4	4…Nbd7	4…Be7	4…c6
1950s	8	100%	—	—	—
1960s	5	40%	20%	20%	20%
1970s	6	67%	17%	17%	—
1980s	7	57%	43%	—	—
1990s	28	57%	14%	4%	4%
2000s	53	53%	19%	11%	11%
2010s	49	67%	10%	14%	6%
2020s	21	71%	19%	—	5%

Tendances récentes (2010s → 2020s)

Coup	2010s	2020s	Δ
4…exd4	67%	71%	▲ +4.1%
4…Nbd7	10%	19%	▲ +8.8%
4…Be7	14%	0%	▼ -14.3%
4…c6	6%	5%	▼ -1.4%

Parties historiques

4…exd4 — 62.1% (110 parties)

1950 — Alatortsev, Vladimir N. vs Boleslavsky, Isaac — 0-1 — Moskou ch-URS
1954 — Zagorovsky, Vladimir vs Vasiukov, Evgeni — 0-1 — Moscow RUS
1955 — Kieninger, George vs Heinicke, Herbert — 1-0 — Hamburg GER
1955 — Van Den Broeck, Hans vs Boey, Josef — 1/2-1/2 — Merksem
1955 — Andersen, Borge vs Kupferstich, Moises — 1-0 — Aalborg DEN

4…Nbd7 — 15.8% (28 parties)

1967 — Cafiero, Michael vs Babiloni Martinez, Jose F. — 0-1 — Mar del Plata ARG
1971 — Ravizza, L. vs Bericat, Angel Hugo — 1-0 — cr.
1984 — Trevelyan, John vs Jones, Iolo C — 0-1 — Newport WLS
1987 — Pein, Malcolm vs Schwartz, Ylon — 1-0 — Netanya op Netanya ISR
1987 — Boensch, Uwe vs Paehtz, Thomas — 1/2-1/2 — Glauchau

4…Be7 — 9.0% (16 parties)

1968 — Wittmann, Rainer vs Schiffer, Karl-Josef — 0-1 — Hagen
1978 — Kirton, Neil vs Green Krotki, Jan — 1-0 — Toronto ch-CAN - zt
1996 — Harasta, Vladimir vs Valent, Ivan — 1/2-1/2 — Slovakia
2000 — Askgaard, Jens vs Christensen, Thomas — 1/2-1/2 — Ringsted
2001 — Doossche, Carlo vs Mertens, Pauline — 0-1 — Brasschaat

4…c6 — 6.8% (12 parties)

1969 — Taimanov, Mark vs Zichichi, Alvise — 1/2-1/2 — Venice ITA
1993 — Guindy, Esmat Susanne vs Fredericia, Louise — 1/2-1/2 — Farum
2000 — Ahlander, Bjorn vs Sjoberg, Mats — 1-0 — Stockholm SWE
2000 — Wintergerst, Johannes vs Gaab, Wolfgang — 1-0 — Pfalz op
2004 — Cipra, Lothar vs Schoeller, Wolfgang — 1/2-1/2 — GER

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