A46o — Indian: 1.d4 Nf6 2.Nf3 e6 3.g3 c5 4.Bg2 Nc6

1.d4 Nf6 2.Nf3 e6 3.g3 c5 4.Bg2 Nc6 * ○ Trait aux Blancs

Ouverture — Centre semi-ouvert

♔ Point de vue Blancs

8 7 6 5 4 3 2 1

abcdefgh

Plan principal. Attaque sur le roi adverse resté au centre.

Atouts. Les Blancs s'appuient sur les cases fortes f4, e5 et g5 et la paire de fous.

Côté adverse. Les fous enfermés en c8 et f8 et le roi resté au centre.

En contrepartie. Le roi n'est pas encore à l'abri et plusieurs pièces dorment encore (le cavalier b1, le fou c1 et les tours a1 et h1).

Plans. O-O (Mettre le roi en sécurité, connecter les tours) ; Nbd2 (Développer Nb1) ; Bg5 (Clouer Nf6) ; h3 (Empêcher ...Bg4).

♚ Point de vue Noirs

1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8

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Plan principal. Attaque sur le roi adverse resté au centre.

Atouts. Les Noirs s'appuient sur les cases fortes b4 et d5, un avant-poste en d5 et la paire de fous.

Côté adverse. Les fous enfermés en c1 et g2 et le roi resté au centre.

En contrepartie. Le roi n'est pas encore à l'abri et plusieurs pièces dorment encore (les fous c8 et f8 et les tours a8 et h8).

Plans. ...d6 (Libérer Bc8) ; ...Be7 (Développer Bf8) ; ...c4 (Rupture) ; ...d5 (Rupture) ; ...e5 (Rupture).

Avantages

Faiblesses adverses

Diagonale active

Plans

Structure de pions

	♔ Blancs	♚ Noirs
Pions doublés	—	—
Pions isolés	—	—
Arriérés	—	—
Chaînes	● f2→g3, h2→g3	● d7→e6, f7→e6
Passés	—	—
Majorité	—	—

Cases

	♔ Blancs	♚ Noirs
Cases fortes	● f4 (2v0), ● e5 (2v1), ● g5 (2v0)	● b4 (2v0), ● d5 (2v0)
Cases faibles	● d4	—
Centre	● e5 (2v1)	● d5 (2v0), ● e4 (1v0)

Colonnes et diagonales

♔ Blancs

♚ Noirs

Pièces

	♔ Blancs	♚ Noirs
Bc1	● Bc1 Non développé (mob. 5)
Bg2	● Bg2 Enfermé (mob. 2)
Bc8		● Bc8 Non développé (mob. 0)
Bf8		● Bf8 Non développé (mob. 2)
Paire de fous	● Oui	● Oui
Non développées	4 (● b1, ● c1, ● a1, ● h1)	4 (● c8, ● f8, ● a8, ● h8)

Sécurité du roi

	♔ Blancs	♚ Noirs
Statut	● Au centre !	● Au centre !
Droits de roque	O-O / O-O-O	O-O / O-O-O

Thèmes

	♔ Blancs	♚ Noirs
Phase	Ouverture
Centre	semi-ouvert
Ruptures	● c2-c3, ● d4-d5, ● e2-e3	● …c5-c4, ● …d7-d6, ● …d7-d5, ● …e6-e5

Partie
1922 Teplitz-Schoenau – Round 6 – Gruenfeld, Ernst – 1-0 – Saemisch, Friedrich – G40 1. d4 Nf6 2. Nf3 e6 3. g3 c5 4. Bg2 Nc6 5. O-O a6 6. c4 cxd4 7. Nxd4 Qc7 8. Nxc6 dxc6 9. Nc3 e5 10. Qc2 Be6
1922 Teplitz-Schoenau – Round 8 – Rubinstein, Akiba – 1/2-1/2 – Saemisch, Friedrich – G53 1. d4 Nf6 2. Nf3 e6 3. g3 c5 4. Bg2 Nc6 5. O-O d5 6. b3 Be7 7. Bb2 O-O 8. dxc5 Bxc5 9. Nbd2 Qe7 10. c4 d4
1923 Maehrisch Ostrau – Round 7 – Pokorny, Alois – 1/2-1/2 – Wolf, Hans-Josef – G41 1. d4 Nf6 2. Nf3 e6 3. g3 c5 4. Bg2 Nc6 5. O-O d5 6. dxc5 Bxc5 7. c4 O-O 8. cxd5 exd5 9. Bg5 Be6 10. Nc3 h6
1926 Semmering – Round 17 – Gilg, Karl – 0-1 – Tartakower, Savielly – G125 1. d4 e6 2. Nf3 c5 3. g3 Nc6 4. Bg2 Nf6 5. O-O d5 6. c3 Be7 7. Nbd2 O-O 8. Ne5 cxd4 9. Nxc6 bxc6 10. cxd4 Qb6
1930 San Remo – Round ? – Tartakower, Savielly – 1/2-1/2 – Spielmann, Rudolf – G117 1. d4 e6 2. g3 c5 3. Nf3 Nf6 4. Bg2 Nc6 5. O-O Be7 6. c4 cxd4 7. Nxd4 O-O 8. Nc3 a6 9. b3 Qc7 10. Bb2 b6
1931 Argentina – Round 9 – Holtey, Guillermo – 1/2-1/2 – Iliesco, Juan – G34 1. d4 Nf6 2. Nf3 e6 3. g3 c5 4. Bg2 Nc6 5. O-O d5 6. b3 cxd4 7. Nxd4 Bc5 8. Nxc6 bxc6 9. c4 O-O 10. Bb2 Ba6
1933 BCF Ch 26th – Round 6 – Sultan Khan, Mir – 1-0 – Cole, Henry Holwell – G15 1. d4 Nf6 2. Nf3 e6 3. g3 c5 4. Bg2 Nc6 5. O-O d5 6. c3 Qb6 7. dxc5 Bxc5 8. b4 Be7 9. Be3 Qc7 10. a4 Ng4
1934 Ujpest – Round ? – Tartakower, Savielly – 1/2-1/2 – Eliskases, Erich – G114 1. d4 Nf6 2. g3 e6 3. Bg2 c5 4. Nf3 Nc6 5. O-O cxd4 6. Nxd4 Be7 7. c4 a6 8. Nc3 Qc7 9. b3 d6 10. Bb2 Bd7
1934 Ujpest – Round 1 – Tartakower, Savielly – 1/2-1/2 – Eliskases, Erich – G39 1. d4 Nf6 2. g3 e6 3. Bg2 c5 4. Nf3 Nc6 5. O-O cxd4 6. Nxd4 Be7 7. c4 a6 8. Nc3 Qc7 9. b3 d6 10. Bb2 Bd7
1936 Budapest IT – Round 8 – Havasi, Kornel – 0-1 – Balogh, Janos – G12 1. Nf3 Nf6 2. d4 e6 3. g3 c5 4. Bg2 Nc6 5. O-O d5 6. b3 b6 7. Bb2 Be7 8. c4 O-O 9. Nbd2 Bb7 10. Rc1 cxd4
1938 Ch (Men) Argentina ARG – Round 16 – Palau, Luis – 0-1 – Guimard, Carlos E – G11 1. Nf3 Nf6 2. d4 e6 3. g3 c5 4. Bg2 Nc6 5. O-O Qb6 6. c3 d5 7. Qb3 cxd4 8. Qxb6 axb6 9. Nxd4 Nxd4 10. cxd4 Bd7
1951 Marianske Lazne zt – Round 6 – Barcza, Gedeon – 1/2-1/2 – Balanel, Ion – G99 1. Nf3 Nf6 2. g3 c5 3. Bg2 Nc6 4. d4 e6 5. O-O b6 6. c4 cxd4 7. Nxd4 Bb7 8. Nc3 Bb4 9. Na4 Na5 10. Bxb7 Nxb7
1953 Budapest ch-HUN – Round 1 – Sandor, Balazs – 1/2-1/2 – Lengyel, Laszlo – G32 1. Nf3 Nf6 2. d4 e6 3. g3 c5 4. Bg2 Nc6 5. O-O cxd4 6. Nxd4 Qb6 7. Nb3 d5 8. N1d2 e5 9. c4 d4 10. c5 Qc7
1954 Bucharest – Round 1 – Sliwa, Bogdan – 1-0 – Voiculescu, Paul – G6 1. d4 e6 2. g3 Nf6 3. Bg2 c5 4. Nf3 Nc6 5. O-O Qb6 6. c3 d5 7. a3 c4 8. Nbd2 Be7 9. Qc2 Na5 10. e4 O-O
1954 Hungary Ch – Round 3 – Barcza, Gedeon – 1-0 – Dely, Peter – G24 1. d4 e6 2. Nf3 Nf6 3. g3 c5 4. Bg2 Nc6 5. O-O cxd4 6. Nxd4 Bc5 7. Nb3 Bb6 8. c4 d5 9. Nc3 dxc4 10. Qxd8+ Bxd8
1955 Buenos Aires CA – Round 1 – Lipiniks, Leonardo – 1/2-1/2 – Bianco Esposito, Antonio – G7 1. d4 Nf6 2. g3 e6 3. Bg2 c5 4. Nf3 Nc6 5. O-O d5 6. b3 cxd4 7. Nxd4 Bc5 8. Nxc6 bxc6 9. Bb2 O-O 10. c4 Qe7
1955 Gothenburg Interzonal – Round 7 – Ilivitsky, Georgy A – 0-1 – Spassky, Boris Vasily – G67 1. Nf3 Nf6 2. g3 c5 3. Bg2 Nc6 4. d4 e6 5. O-O Be7 6. c4 cxd4 7. Nxd4 O-O 8. Nc3 a6 9. b3 Qc7 10. Bb2 d6
1955 Novi Sad – Round 1 – Udovcic, Mijo – 1/2-1/2 – Djurasevic, Bozidar – G16 1. d4 Nf6 2. Nf3 e6 3. g3 c5 4. Bg2 Nc6 5. O-O d5 6. c4 cxd4 7. Nxd4 Bc5 8. Nb3 Be7 9. cxd5 Nxd5 10. Bd2 O-O
1957 Rio de Janeiro zt – Round 1 – Tavares Patino, Leonardo Ivan – 1-0 – Mangini, Jose Henrique de Mello – G4 1. d4 e6 2. g3 c5 3. Bg2 Nf6 4. Nf3 Nc6 5. O-O b6 6. c4 Bb7 7. Nc3 Nxd4 8. Nxd4 Bxg2 9. Kxg2 cxd4 10. Qxd4 Bc5
1957 WchT U26 04th – Round 12.2 – Rannanjarvi – 0-1 – Ghitescu, Theodor – G153 1. d4 Nf6 2. Nf3 e6 3. g3 c5 4. Bg2 Nc6 5. O-O cxd4 6. Nxd4 Bc5 7. Nb3 Be7 8. Nc3 d5 9. e4 d4 10. Ne2 e5
1957 WchT U26 04th – Round 2.4 – Molnar, Istvan – 1-0 – Saidy, Anthony – G24 1. d4 Nf6 2. Nf3 e6 3. g3 c5 4. Bg2 Nc6 5. O-O cxd4 6. Nxd4 Bc5 7. Nb3 Be7 8. c4 d6 9. Nc3 a6 10. Nd4 Bd7
1960 URS Ch sf – Round 11 – Polugaevsky, Lev – 1/2-1/2 – Tolush, Alexander V – G86 1. d4 Nf6 2. Nf3 e6 3. g3 c5 4. Bg2 Nc6 5. O-O d5 6. b3 cxd4 7. Nxd4 Nxd4 8. Qxd4 Qc7 9. Qd3 Bd7 10. Bb2 Rc8
1961 Balcarce – Round 1 – Behrensen, Jorge – 1-0 – Aguilar Dominguez, Cristhel Guadalupe – G10 1. d4 e6 2. Nf3 c5 3. g3 Nc6 4. Bg2 Nf6 5. O-O a6 6. c4 cxd4 7. Nxd4 Qc7 8. Nxc6 bxc6 9. Nc3 Be7 10. Qc2 O-O
1961 Buenos Aires ch-ARG – Round 12 – Obregoso – 1-0 – Reinhardt, Enrique – G76 1. d4 Nf6 2. Nf3 e6 3. g3 c5 4. Bg2 Nc6 5. c4 d5 6. cxd5 Nxd5 7. O-O Nf6 8. e3 Bd6 9. Nc3 a6 10. Qe2 cxd4
1961 Moskou – Round 1 – Spassky, Boris Vasily – 1/2-1/2 – Geller, Efim P – G57 1. d4 Nf6 2. Nf3 e6 3. g3 c5 4. Bg2 Nc6 5. O-O cxd4 6. Nxd4 Bc5 7. Nb3 Be7 8. e4 O-O 9. Nc3 a6 10. Be3 Qc7
1962 Asztalos Memorial 5th – Round 2 – Bilek, Istvan – 1/2-1/2 – Kolarov, Atanas Stefanov – G11 1. d4 Nf6 2. Nf3 e6 3. g3 c5 4. Bg2 Nc6 5. O-O d5 6. e3 Be7 7. b3 O-O 8. Bb2 b6 9. Nbd2 Ba6 10. Re1 Rc8
1962 Bucharest – Round 3 – Mititelu, Gheorghe – 1-0 – Georgescu, Vasile-Maxim – G14 1. d4 Nf6 2. Nf3 e6 3. g3 c5 4. Bg2 Nc6 5. O-O cxd4 6. Nxd4 d5 7. c4 Qb6 8. Nxc6 bxc6 9. Nc3 Be7 10. cxd5 exd5
FIDE WCh KO 2001 – Round 1.4 – Sakaev, Konstantin – 0-1 – Volokitin, Andrei – G143 1. d4 Nf6 2. Nf3 e6 3. g3 c5 4. Bg2 Nc6 5. O-O Qb6 6. dxc5 Bxc5 7. c4 d5 8. cxd5 Nxd5 9. e4 Nf6 10. Nc3 O-O
FIDE WCh KO 2001 – Round 1.6 – Sakaev, Konstantin – 1/2-1/2 – Volokitin, Andrei – G158 1. d4 Nf6 2. Nf3 e6 3. g3 c5 4. Bg2 Nc6 5. O-O cxd4 6. Nxd4 Bc5 7. Nb3 Bb6 8. c4 d5 9. cxd5 exd5 10. Nc3 d4
World Blitz 2017 – Round 2.45 – Ponomariov, Ruslan – 1-0 – Tissir, Mohamed – G100 1. d4 e6 2. Nf3 c5 3. g3 Nf6 4. Bg2 Nc6 5. O-O cxd4 6. Nxd4 Qb6 7. Nf3 Be7 8. c4 O-O 9. Nc3 a6 10. Na4 Qc7

A46o —

1.d4 Nf6 2.Nf3 e6 3.g3 c5 4.Bg2 Nc6

Eval: [+0.34]

Les coups candidats

5.O-O — 87.3% (1888 parties)

Ambassadeurs : Cosma, Elena-Luminita (13x), Huebner, Robert (7x), Csulits, Anton (6x), Piankov, Evgenij (5x), Kengis, Edvins (5x), Plachetka, Jan (5x), Gross, Georg (5x), Tartakower, Savielly (4x)

5.c4 — 9.3% (201 parties)

Ambassadeurs : Romanishin, Oleg M (4x), Schlosser, Philipp (3x), Laird, Craig (2x), Wang, Wenhao (2x), Safyanowsky, Mark (2x), Jung, Botho (2x), Kasoshvili, Tsiala (2x), Atalik, Suat (2x)

5.c3 — 2.1% (46 parties)

Ambassadeurs : Boutteville, Cesar (1x), Popel, Stepan (1x), Hobson, Ronald (1x), Giam, Choo Kwee (1x), Gebhard, Dietmar (1x), Ostl, Andreas (1x), Makumbi, Geoffrey (1x), Belisle Zavala, Jose Luis (1x)

5.e3 — 0.8% (17 parties)

Ambassadeurs : Nashed, Mohamad Kamal (1x), MacKay, Ian D (1x), Garber, Vjatsheslav (1x), Tuovinen, Jukka (1x), Hallam, John (1x), Sommerfeld, Gilbert (1x), Detelic, Maja (1x), Meshcheriakova, Evgenia (1x)

Analyse statistique des coups candidats

Répartition par niveau Elo (% des parties)

Tranche Elo	N parties	5.O-O	5.c4	5.c3	5.e3
<1800	48	79%	8%	10%	2%
1800-2200	798	87%	8%	3%	2%
2200-2600	1021	89%	10%	0%	0%
2600+	14	71%	29%	—	—

Évolution par décennie (% des parties)

Décennie	N parties	5.O-O	5.c4	5.c3	5.e3
1920s	4	100%	—	—	—
1930s	12	100%	—	—	—
1940s	3	100%	—	—	—
1950s	22	95%	—	5%	—
1960s	19	84%	11%	5%	—
1970s	39	90%	10%	—	—
1980s	117	85%	14%	1%	—
1990s	433	87%	9%	2%	1%
2000s	653	87%	10%	2%	1%
2010s	730	88%	8%	2%	1%
2020s	130	88%	11%	—	2%

Tendances récentes (2010s → 2020s)

Coup	2010s	2020s	Δ
5.O-O	88%	88%	+0.2%
5.c4	8%	11%	▲ +2.3%
5.c3	2%	0%	▼ -2.5%
5.e3	1%	2%	▲ +0.7%

Joueurs célèbres

Champions du monde dans cette position

Kasparov, Garry — 1 partie
Anand, Viswanathan — 1 partie
Gukesh D — 1 partie

Parties historiques

5.O-O — 87.3% (1888 parties)

1922 — Gruenfeld, Ernst vs Saemisch, Friedrich — 1-0 — Teplitz-Schoenau GER
1922 — Rubinstein, Akiba vs Saemisch, Friedrich — 1/2-1/2 — Teplitz-Schoenau GER
1923 — Pokorny, Alois vs Wolf, Hans-Josef — 1/2-1/2 — Maehrisch Ostrau
1926 — Gilg, Karl vs Tartakower, Savielly — 0-1 — Semmering AUT
1930 — Tartakower, Savielly vs Spielmann, Rudolf — 1/2-1/2 — San Remo ITA

5.c4 — 9.3% (201 parties)

1961 — Obregoso vs Reinhardt, Enrique — 1-0 — Buenos Aires ch-ARG
1964 — Krauss, Guillaume vs Zalys, Ignas — 1-0 — Worcester US op
1970 — Bolbochan, J. vs Witt, Laszlo — 1/2-1/2 — Siegen olm
1973 — Junker, Villads vs Poulsen, Allan — 0-1 — ?
1975 — Macskasy, Elod vs Harper, Bruce — 1/2-1/2 — B.C. Championship

5.c3 — 2.1% (46 parties)

1954 — Boutteville, Cesar vs Popel, Stepan — 0-1 — Paris FRA
1968 — Hobson, Ronald vs Giam, Choo Kwee — 1/2-1/2 — Lugano SUI
1985 — Gebhard, Dietmar vs Ostl, Andreas — 0-1 — Heidelberg-Eppingen
1990 — Fastberg, Juuso vs Issakainen, Ari — 0-1 — FIN-ch op Espoo
1994 — Rupprecht, Juergen vs Kruk, Jens — 1/2-1/2 — Hockenheim GER

5.e3 — 0.8% (17 parties)

1990 — Nashed, Mohamad Kamal vs MacKay, Ian D — 0-1 — Novi Sad SRB
1994 — Hallam, John vs Sommerfeld, Gilbert — 1-0 — Vancouver BC CAN
1996 — Garber, Vjatsheslav vs Tuovinen, Jukka — 1-0 — Helsinki We PasVS
2000 — Schweitzer, Paul vs Buchholz, Karl — 0-1 — ?
2003 — Detelic, Maja vs Meshcheriakova, Evgenia — 1/2-1/2 — Budva MNE

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