Structure de pions

	♔ Blancs	♚ Noirs
Pions doublés	—	—
Pions isolés	—	—
Arriérés	—	—
Chaînes	● f2→g3, h2→g3	● d7→e6, f7→e6
Passés	—	—
Majorité	—	—

Cases

	♔ Blancs	♚ Noirs
Cases fortes	● f4 (2v0), ● e5 (2v1), ● g5 (2v0)	● b4 (2v0), ● d5 (2v0)
Cases faibles	● d4	—
Centre	● e5 (2v1)	● d5 (2v0), ● e4 (1v0)

Colonnes et diagonales

♔ Blancs

♚ Noirs

Pièces

	♔ Blancs	♚ Noirs
Bc1	● Bc1 Non développé (mob. 5)
Bg2	● Bg2 Ok (mob. 2)
Bc8		● Bc8 Non développé (mob. 0)
Bf8		● Bf8 Non développé (mob. 2)
Paire de fous	● Oui	● Oui
Non développées	4 (● b1, ● c1, ● a1, ● h1)	4 (● c8, ● f8, ● a8, ● h8)

Sécurité du roi

	♔ Blancs	♚ Noirs
Statut	● Au centre	● Au centre
Droits de roque	O-O / O-O-O	O-O / O-O-O

Thèmes

	♔ Blancs	♚ Noirs
Phase	Ouverture
Centre	mobile
Ruptures	● d4-d5	● …e6-e5

A46o — Indian: 1.d4 Nf6 2.Nf3 e6 3.g3 c5 4.Bg2 Nc6

1.d4 Nf6 2.Nf3 e6 3.g3 c5 4.Bg2 Nc6 * ○ Trait aux Blancs

Ouverture — Centre mobile

♔ Point de vue Blancs

8 7 6 5 4 3 2 1

abcdefgh

Plans. O-O (Mettre le roi en sécurité, connecter les tours — 87 % des parties) ; c4 (Frapper le centre adverse — 10 % des parties).

♚ Point de vue Noirs

1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8

hgfedcba

Plans. ...d5 (Occuper le centre — 42 % des parties) ; ...cxd4 (Capture en d4, Occuper le centre — 31 % des parties) ; ...Qb6 (Prépare O-O-O — 10 % des parties) ; ...Be7 (Développer f8 — 9 % des parties).

Avantages

Faiblesses

Diagonale active

Plans

Partie
1922 Teplitz-Schoenau – Round 6 – Gruenfeld, Ernst – 1-0 – Saemisch, Friedrich – G40 1. d4 Nf6 2. Nf3 e6 3. g3 c5 4. Bg2 Nc6 5. O-O a6 6. c4 cxd4 7. Nxd4 Qc7 8. Nxc6 dxc6 9. Nc3 e5 10. Qc2 Be6
1922 Teplitz-Schoenau – Round 8 – Rubinstein, Akiba – 1/2-1/2 – Saemisch, Friedrich – G53 1. d4 Nf6 2. Nf3 e6 3. g3 c5 4. Bg2 Nc6 5. O-O d5 6. b3 Be7 7. Bb2 O-O 8. dxc5 Bxc5 9. Nbd2 Qe7 10. c4 d4
1923 Maehrisch Ostrau – Round 7 – Pokorny, Alois – 1/2-1/2 – Wolf, Hans-Josef – G41 1. d4 Nf6 2. Nf3 e6 3. g3 c5 4. Bg2 Nc6 5. O-O d5 6. dxc5 Bxc5 7. c4 O-O 8. cxd5 exd5 9. Bg5 Be6 10. Nc3 h6
1926 Semmering – Round 17 – Gilg, Karl – 0-1 – Tartakower, Savielly – G125 1. d4 e6 2. Nf3 c5 3. g3 Nc6 4. Bg2 Nf6 5. O-O d5 6. c3 Be7 7. Nbd2 O-O 8. Ne5 cxd4 9. Nxc6 bxc6 10. cxd4 Qb6
1930 San Remo – Round ? – Tartakower, Savielly – 1/2-1/2 – Spielmann, Rudolf – G117 1. d4 e6 2. g3 c5 3. Nf3 Nf6 4. Bg2 Nc6 5. O-O Be7 6. c4 cxd4 7. Nxd4 O-O 8. Nc3 a6 9. b3 Qc7 10. Bb2 b6
1931 Argentina – Round 9 – Holtey, Guillermo – 1/2-1/2 – Iliesco, Juan – G34 1. d4 Nf6 2. Nf3 e6 3. g3 c5 4. Bg2 Nc6 5. O-O d5 6. b3 cxd4 7. Nxd4 Bc5 8. Nxc6 bxc6 9. c4 O-O 10. Bb2 Ba6
1933 BCF Ch 26th – Round 6 – Sultan Khan, Mir – 1-0 – Cole, Henry Holwell – G15 1. d4 Nf6 2. Nf3 e6 3. g3 c5 4. Bg2 Nc6 5. O-O d5 6. c3 Qb6 7. dxc5 Bxc5 8. b4 Be7 9. Be3 Qc7 10. a4 Ng4
1934 Ujpest – Round ? – Tartakower, Savielly – 1/2-1/2 – Eliskases, Erich – G114 1. d4 Nf6 2. g3 e6 3. Bg2 c5 4. Nf3 Nc6 5. O-O cxd4 6. Nxd4 Be7 7. c4 a6 8. Nc3 Qc7 9. b3 d6 10. Bb2 Bd7
1934 Ujpest – Round 1 – Tartakower, Savielly – 1/2-1/2 – Eliskases, Erich – G39 1. d4 Nf6 2. g3 e6 3. Bg2 c5 4. Nf3 Nc6 5. O-O cxd4 6. Nxd4 Be7 7. c4 a6 8. Nc3 Qc7 9. b3 d6 10. Bb2 Bd7
1936 Budapest IT – Round 8 – Havasi, Kornel – 0-1 – Balogh, Janos – G12 1. Nf3 Nf6 2. d4 e6 3. g3 c5 4. Bg2 Nc6 5. O-O d5 6. b3 b6 7. Bb2 Be7 8. c4 O-O 9. Nbd2 Bb7 10. Rc1 cxd4
1938 Ch (Men) Argentina ARG – Round 16 – Palau, Luis – 0-1 – Guimard, Carlos E – G11 1. Nf3 Nf6 2. d4 e6 3. g3 c5 4. Bg2 Nc6 5. O-O Qb6 6. c3 d5 7. Qb3 cxd4 8. Qxb6 axb6 9. Nxd4 Nxd4 10. cxd4 Bd7
1951 Marianske Lazne zt – Round 6 – Barcza, Gedeon – 1/2-1/2 – Balanel, Ion – G99 1. Nf3 Nf6 2. g3 c5 3. Bg2 Nc6 4. d4 e6 5. O-O b6 6. c4 cxd4 7. Nxd4 Bb7 8. Nc3 Bb4 9. Na4 Na5 10. Bxb7 Nxb7
1953 Budapest ch-HUN – Round 1 – Sandor, Balazs – 1/2-1/2 – Lengyel, Laszlo – G32 1. Nf3 Nf6 2. d4 e6 3. g3 c5 4. Bg2 Nc6 5. O-O cxd4 6. Nxd4 Qb6 7. Nb3 d5 8. N1d2 e5 9. c4 d4 10. c5 Qc7
1954 Bucharest – Round 1 – Sliwa, Bogdan – 1-0 – Voiculescu, Paul – G6 1. d4 e6 2. g3 Nf6 3. Bg2 c5 4. Nf3 Nc6 5. O-O Qb6 6. c3 d5 7. a3 c4 8. Nbd2 Be7 9. Qc2 Na5 10. e4 O-O
1954 Hungary Ch – Round 3 – Barcza, Gedeon – 1-0 – Dely, Peter – G24 1. d4 e6 2. Nf3 Nf6 3. g3 c5 4. Bg2 Nc6 5. O-O cxd4 6. Nxd4 Bc5 7. Nb3 Bb6 8. c4 d5 9. Nc3 dxc4 10. Qxd8+ Bxd8
1955 Buenos Aires CA – Round 1 – Lipiniks, Leonardo – 1/2-1/2 – Bianco Esposito, Antonio – G7 1. d4 Nf6 2. g3 e6 3. Bg2 c5 4. Nf3 Nc6 5. O-O d5 6. b3 cxd4 7. Nxd4 Bc5 8. Nxc6 bxc6 9. Bb2 O-O 10. c4 Qe7
1955 Gothenburg Interzonal – Round 7 – Ilivitsky, Georgy A – 0-1 – Spassky, Boris Vasily – G67 1. Nf3 Nf6 2. g3 c5 3. Bg2 Nc6 4. d4 e6 5. O-O Be7 6. c4 cxd4 7. Nxd4 O-O 8. Nc3 a6 9. b3 Qc7 10. Bb2 d6
1955 Novi Sad – Round 1 – Udovcic, Mijo – 1/2-1/2 – Djurasevic, Bozidar – G16 1. d4 Nf6 2. Nf3 e6 3. g3 c5 4. Bg2 Nc6 5. O-O d5 6. c4 cxd4 7. Nxd4 Bc5 8. Nb3 Be7 9. cxd5 Nxd5 10. Bd2 O-O
1957 Rio de Janeiro zt – Round 1 – Tavares Patino, Leonardo Ivan – 1-0 – Mangini, Jose Henrique de Mello – G4 1. d4 e6 2. g3 c5 3. Bg2 Nf6 4. Nf3 Nc6 5. O-O b6 6. c4 Bb7 7. Nc3 Nxd4 8. Nxd4 Bxg2 9. Kxg2 cxd4 10. Qxd4 Bc5
1957 WchT U26 04th – Round 12.2 – Rannanjarvi – 0-1 – Ghitescu, Theodor – G153 1. d4 Nf6 2. Nf3 e6 3. g3 c5 4. Bg2 Nc6 5. O-O cxd4 6. Nxd4 Bc5 7. Nb3 Be7 8. Nc3 d5 9. e4 d4 10. Ne2 e5
1957 WchT U26 04th – Round 2.4 – Molnar, Istvan – 1-0 – Saidy, Anthony – G24 1. d4 Nf6 2. Nf3 e6 3. g3 c5 4. Bg2 Nc6 5. O-O cxd4 6. Nxd4 Bc5 7. Nb3 Be7 8. c4 d6 9. Nc3 a6 10. Nd4 Bd7
1960 URS Ch sf – Round 11 – Polugaevsky, Lev – 1/2-1/2 – Tolush, Alexander V – G86 1. d4 Nf6 2. Nf3 e6 3. g3 c5 4. Bg2 Nc6 5. O-O d5 6. b3 cxd4 7. Nxd4 Nxd4 8. Qxd4 Qc7 9. Qd3 Bd7 10. Bb2 Rc8
1961 Balcarce – Round 1 – Behrensen, Jorge – 1-0 – Aguilar Dominguez, Cristhel Guadalupe – G10 1. d4 e6 2. Nf3 c5 3. g3 Nc6 4. Bg2 Nf6 5. O-O a6 6. c4 cxd4 7. Nxd4 Qc7 8. Nxc6 bxc6 9. Nc3 Be7 10. Qc2 O-O
1961 Buenos Aires ch-ARG – Round 12 – Obregoso – 1-0 – Reinhardt, Enrique – G76 1. d4 Nf6 2. Nf3 e6 3. g3 c5 4. Bg2 Nc6 5. c4 d5 6. cxd5 Nxd5 7. O-O Nf6 8. e3 Bd6 9. Nc3 a6 10. Qe2 cxd4
1961 Moskou – Round 1 – Spassky, Boris Vasily – 1/2-1/2 – Geller, Efim P – G57 1. d4 Nf6 2. Nf3 e6 3. g3 c5 4. Bg2 Nc6 5. O-O cxd4 6. Nxd4 Bc5 7. Nb3 Be7 8. e4 O-O 9. Nc3 a6 10. Be3 Qc7
1962 Asztalos Memorial 5th – Round 2 – Bilek, Istvan – 1/2-1/2 – Kolarov, Atanas Stefanov – G11 1. d4 Nf6 2. Nf3 e6 3. g3 c5 4. Bg2 Nc6 5. O-O d5 6. e3 Be7 7. b3 O-O 8. Bb2 b6 9. Nbd2 Ba6 10. Re1 Rc8
1962 Bucharest – Round 3 – Mititelu, Gheorghe – 1-0 – Georgescu, Vasile-Maxim – G14 1. d4 Nf6 2. Nf3 e6 3. g3 c5 4. Bg2 Nc6 5. O-O cxd4 6. Nxd4 d5 7. c4 Qb6 8. Nxc6 bxc6 9. Nc3 Be7 10. cxd5 exd5
FIDE WCh KO 2001 – Round 1.4 – Sakaev, Konstantin – 0-1 – Volokitin, Andrei – G143 1. d4 Nf6 2. Nf3 e6 3. g3 c5 4. Bg2 Nc6 5. O-O Qb6 6. dxc5 Bxc5 7. c4 d5 8. cxd5 Nxd5 9. e4 Nf6 10. Nc3 O-O
FIDE WCh KO 2001 – Round 1.6 – Sakaev, Konstantin – 1/2-1/2 – Volokitin, Andrei – G158 1. d4 Nf6 2. Nf3 e6 3. g3 c5 4. Bg2 Nc6 5. O-O cxd4 6. Nxd4 Bc5 7. Nb3 Bb6 8. c4 d5 9. cxd5 exd5 10. Nc3 d4
World Blitz 2017 – Round 2.45 – Ponomariov, Ruslan – 1-0 – Tissir, Mohamed – G100 1. d4 e6 2. Nf3 c5 3. g3 Nf6 4. Bg2 Nc6 5. O-O cxd4 6. Nxd4 Qb6 7. Nf3 Be7 8. c4 O-O 9. Nc3 a6 10. Na4 Qc7

A46o — Indian (1922)

1.d4 Nf6 2.Nf3 e6 3.g3 c5 4.Bg2 Nc6

Les coups candidats

5.O-O — 87.4% (1936 parties)

Ambassadeurs : Cosma, Elena-Luminita (9x), Kengis, Edvins (6x), Marsalek, Zdenek (6x), Trickov, Vasil (6x), Anay Barche (4x), Gereben, Erno (4x), Grivas, Efstratios (4x), Speelman, Jon S (4x)

5.c4 — 9.2% (203 parties)

Ambassadeurs : Schlosser, Philipp (4x), Laird, Craig (2x), Wang, Wenhao (2x), Kasoshvili, Tsiala (2x), Atalik, Suat (2x), Krauss, Guillaume (1x), Zalys, Ignas (1x), Obregoso (1x)

5.c3 — 2.2% (48 parties)

Ambassadeurs : Hobson, Richard (1x), Giam, Choo Kwee (1x), Boutteville, Cesar (1x), Popel, Stepan (1x), Gebhard, Dietmar (1x), Ostl, Andreas (1x), Nemeth, Ildiko (1x), Bodor, Tamas (1x)

5.e3 — 0.8% (17 parties)

Ambassadeurs : Kamal Narayan Nishad (1x), McKay, Roderick M (1x), Hallam, John (1x), Sommerfeld, Gilbert (1x), Garber, Vjatsheslav (1x), Tuovinen, Jukka (1x), Schweitzer, Paul (1x), Buchholz, Karl (1x)

Analyse statistique des coups candidats

Répartition par niveau Elo (% des parties)

Tranche Elo	N parties	5.O-O	5.c4	5.c3	5.e3
<1800	83	83%	11%	5%	1%
1800-2200	962	87%	7%	3%	1%
2200-2600	968	89%	11%	0%	0%
2600+	14	79%	21%	—	—

Évolution par décennie (% des parties)

Décennie	N parties	5.O-O	5.c4	5.c3	5.e3
1950s	22	95%	—	5%	—
1960s	18	83%	11%	6%	—
1970s	39	90%	10%	—	—
1980s	119	86%	13%	1%	—
1990s	433	87%	9%	2%	1%
2000s	656	87%	10%	2%	1%
2010s	742	88%	8%	2%	1%
2020s	185	89%	9%	1%	1%

Tendances récentes (2010s → 2020s)

Coup	2010s	2020s	Δ
5.O-O	88%	89%	▲ +1.5%
5.c4	8%	9%	+0.3%
5.c3	2%	1%	▼ -1.3%
5.e3	1%	1%	+0.3%

Joueurs célèbres

Champions du monde dans cette position

Anand, Viswanathan — 1 partie
Kasparov, Garry — 1 partie
Gukesh D — 1 partie

Parties historiques

5.O-O — 87.4% (1936 parties)

1950 — Sandor, Bela vs Balogh, Janos — 1/2-1/2 — Budapest HUN
1951 — Anay Barche vs Balanel, Ion — 1/2-1/2 — Marianske Lazne zt
1953 — Sandor, Bela vs Lengyel, Laszlo — 1/2-1/2 — Budapest ch-HUN
1953 — Doda, Zbigniew vs Grabczewski, Romuald — 1-0 — Krakow POL
1954 — Klaman, Konstantin Mikhailovich vs Klovans, Janis — 1-0 — Riga LAT

5.c4 — 9.2% (203 parties)

1961 — Obregoso vs Reinhardt, Anton — 1-0 — Buenos Aires ch-ARG
1964 — Krauss, Guillaume vs Zalys, Ignas — 1-0 — Worcester US op
1970 — Bolbochan, Jacobo vs Witt, Leslie — 1/2-1/2 — Siegen olm
1973 — Junker, Villads vs Poulsen, Allan — 0-1 — ?
1975 — Macskasy, Elod vs Harper, Bruce — 1/2-1/2 — Vancouver

5.c3 — 2.2% (48 parties)

1954 — Boutteville, Cesar vs Popel, Stepan — 0-1 — Paris FRA
1968 — Hobson, Richard vs Giam, Choo Kwee — 1/2-1/2 — Lugano olm
1985 — Gebhard, Dietmar vs Ostl, Andreas — 0-1 — Heidelberg-Eppingen
1990 — Fastberg, Juuso vs Issakainen, Ari — 0-1 — FIN-ch op Espoo
1994 — Rupprecht, Juergen vs Kruk, Jens — 1/2-1/2 — Hockenheim GER

5.e3 — 0.8% (17 parties)

1990 — Kamal Narayan Nishad vs McKay, Roderick M — 0-1 — Novi Sad olm
1994 — Hallam, John vs Sommerfeld, Gilbert — 1-0 — Vancouver BC CAN
1996 — Garber, Vjatsheslav vs Tuovinen, Jukka — 1-0 — Helsinki We PasVS
2000 — Schweitzer, Paul vs Buchholz, Karl — 0-1 — ?
2003 — Furjel, Andrej vs Sukuba, Zdenko — 1-0 — Slovakia

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