Structure de pions

	♔ Blancs	♚ Noirs
Pions doublés	—	—
Pions isolés	—	—
Arriérés	—	—
Chaînes	—	● a7→b6, c7→b6, d7→e6, f7→e6
Passés	—	—
Majorité	—	—

Cases

	♔ Blancs	♚ Noirs
Cases fortes	● b5 (2v0)	—
Cases faibles	—	—
Centre	● d4 (1v0), ● d5 (2v1), ● e4 (1v0), ● e5 (1v0)	—

Colonnes et diagonales

♔ Blancs

♚ Noirs

Pièces

	♔ Blancs	♚ Noirs
Bc1	● Bc1 Non développé (mob. 5)
Bf1	● Bf1 Non développé (mob. 0)
Bc8		● Bc8 Non développé (mob. 2)
Bf8		● Bf8 Non développé (mob. 5)
Paire de fous	● Oui	● Oui
Non développées	5 (● g1, ● c1, ● f1, ● a1, ● h1)	6 (● b8, ● g8, ● c8, ● f8, ● a8, ● h8)

Sécurité du roi

	♔ Blancs	♚ Noirs
Statut	● Au centre	● Au centre
Droits de roque	O-O / O-O-O	O-O / O-O-O

Thèmes

	♔ Blancs	♚ Noirs
Phase	Ouverture
Centre	mobile
Ruptures	● c4-c5, ● d4-d5	● …c7-c5, ● …d7-d5, ● …e6-e5

A40h — Queen’s Pawn: English Defence, 3.Nc3

1.d4 b6 2.c4 e6 3.Nc3 * ● Trait aux Noirs

Ouverture — Centre mobile

♔ Point de vue Blancs

8 7 6 5 4 3 2 1

abcdefgh

Plans. e4 (Occuper le centre — 34 % des parties) ; Nf3 (Développer g1 — 22 % des parties) ; a3 (Préparer expansion aile dame — 15 % des parties) ; e3 (Libérer Bf1, préparer Bd3 — 11 % des parties) ; Qc2 (Prépare O-O-O — 9 % des parties).

♚ Point de vue Noirs

1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8

hgfedcba

Plans. ...Bb7 (Fianchetto, fou sur la grande diagonale — 70 % des parties) ; ...Bb4 (Clouer c3, Fou actif (mobilité 7), Développer f8 — 27 % des parties).

Avantages

Faiblesses

Diagonale active

Plans

Partie
1911 Karlsbad – Round 1 – Chajes, Oscar – 0-1 – Fahrni, Hans – G117 1. d4 e6 2. c4 b6 3. Nc3 Bb7 4. e4 Bb4 5. Bd3 f5 6. Qe2 Nf6 7. f3 fxe4 8. fxe4 O-O 9. Nf3 c5 10. a3 cxd4
1953 Simul - Koltanowski – Round ? – Koltanowski, George – 1-0 – Dumfries, C. . – G1 1. c4 b6 2. Nc3 e6 3. d4 Bb7 4. e4 Bb4 5. f3 g5 6. Bd3 Nc6 7. Ne2 g4 8. O-O h5 9. f4 f5 10. exf5 exf5
1962 Whitby ch-BCF – Round 1 – Daniel Epangello Thomson – 0-1 – Wallis, Philip N – G3 1. d4 e6 2. c4 b6 3. Nc3 Bb4 4. Qc2 Bb7 5. e4 Qh4 6. Bd3 f5 7. g3 Qh5 8. f3 Nc6 9. Ne2 Qxf3 10. Rf1 Qg2
1966 Sunderland ch-BCF – Round 4 – Winser, W Arthur – 1/2-1/2 – Wallis, Philip N – G43 1. d4 e6 2. c4 b6 3. Nc3 Bb7 4. Nf3 Bb4 5. Bg5 f6 6. Bd2 f5 7. g3 Nc6 8. e3 Nf6 9. Bg2 O-O 10. O-O Qe8
36. Olympiad 2004 – Round 5 – Aleksandrov, Aleksej – 1/2-1/2 – Beliavsky, Alexander G – G145 1. d4 e6 2. c4 b6 3. Nc3 Bb7 4. f3 d5 5. cxd5 exd5 6. Nh3 Bd6 7. e4 dxe4 8. fxe4 Nc6 9. Be3 Nh6 10. Qh5 Qd7
36. Olympiad 2004 – Round 6 – Korchnoi, Viktor – 1/2-1/2 – Rahman, Ziaur – G186 1. d4 e6 2. c4 b6 3. Nc3 Bb4 4. Bd2 Nf6 5. e3 O-O 6. Bd3 Bb7 7. Nf3 d5 8. O-O Nbd7 9. Nxd5 Nxd5 10. cxd5 Bxd2
79. Tata Steel GpA 2017 – Round 7.7 – Wojtaszek, Radoslaw – 0-1 – Adhiban, B. – G49 1. d4 e6 2. c4 b6 3. Nc3 Bb4 4. Qc2 Bb7 5. a3 Bxc3+ 6. Qxc3 f5 7. Nh3 Nf6 8. f3 O-O 9. e3 Nh5 10. Be2 Qh4+
Amber-rapid 19th 2010 – Round 9 – Aronian, Levon – 1-0 – Ponomariov, Ruslan – G20 1. c4 e6 2. Nc3 b6 3. d4 Bb7 4. a3 f5 5. Nf3 Nf6 6. g3 Ne4 7. Nxe4 Bxe4 8. Bh3 Bd6 9. O-O O-O 10. d5 Bxf3
Linares 1994 – Round 10 – Lautier, Joel – 1-0 – Topalov, Veselin – G53 1. d4 e6 2. c4 b6 3. Nc3 Bb7 4. a3 f5 5. d5 Nf6 6. g3 g6 7. Bg2 Bg7 8. e3 O-O 9. Nge2 e5 10. O-O d6
Lone Pine Open 1978 – Round 1 – Petrosian, Tigran V. – 1-0 – Bohm, Hans – G1 1. d4 e6 2. c4 b6 3. Nc3 Bb4 4. e3 Bb7 5. Ne2 f5 6. a3 Be7 7. d5 e5 8. e4 f4 9. g3 fxg3 10. hxg3 d6
Montreal 1979 – Round 16 – Larsen, Bent – 1/2-1/2 – Timman, Jan H – G66 1. c4 e6 2. Nc3 b6 3. d4 Bb4 4. Qd3 Nf6 5. e4 c5 6. dxc5 Bb7 7. e5 Ne4 8. Ne2 Qh4 9. Be3 Nxc5 10. Qd4 Be4
Qatar Masters Open 2015 – Round 6.10 – Al-Sayed, Mohammed – 0-1 – Ponomariov, Ruslan – G194 1. d4 e6 2. c4 b6 3. Nc3 Bb7 4. e4 Bb4 5. Qd3 Qh4 6. e5 f6 7. a3 Qe4+ 8. Qxe4 Bxc3+ 9. bxc3 Bxe4 10. Bf4 Nc6
Riga Interzonal 1979 – Round 8 – Larsen, Bent – 1-0 – Miles, Anthony J – G19 1. c4 b6 2. Nc3 e6 3. d4 Bb4 4. Qc2 c5 5. a3 Ba5 6. Nf3 Bb7 7. e3 Nf6 8. Bd2 O-O 9. Be2 Bxc3 10. Bxc3 Ne4
Tournament of Stars 1979 – Round ? – Larsen, Bent – 1/2-1/2 – Timman, Jan H – G12 1. c4 e6 2. Nc3 b6 3. d4 Bb4 4. Qd3 Nf6 5. e4 c5 6. dxc5 Bb7 7. e5 Ne4 8. Ne2 Qh4 9. Be3 Nxc5 10. Qd4 Be4
World Blitz 2018 – Round 15.37 – Kazhgaleyev, Murtas – 1-0 – Alekseev, Evgeny – G896 1. d4 e6 2. c4 b6 3. Nc3 Bb4 4. e3 Bb7 5. Ne2 f5 6. a3 Be7 7. d5 Nf6 8. g3 Na6 9. Bg2 Nc5 10. O-O O-O
World Blitz 2019 – Round 14.64 – Atabayev, Saparmyrat – 0-1 – Salgado Lopez, Ivan – G972 1. d4 e6 2. c4 b6 3. Nc3 Bb7 4. e4 Bb4 5. Qc2 Bxc3+ 6. bxc3 Qh4 7. e5 Ne7 8. Ba3 Ng6 9. O-O-O c5 10. Kb2 O-O
World Blitz 2019 – Round 15.10 – Dreev, Aleksey – 1/2-1/2 – Grischuk, Alexander – G987 1. d4 e6 2. c4 b6 3. Nc3 Bb7 4. Nf3 Bb4 5. Qc2 f5 6. a3 Bxc3+ 7. Qxc3 Nf6 8. g3 O-O 9. Bg2 Be4 10. O-O Qe8
World Blitz 2019 – Round 21.51 – Kezin, Roman – 1/2-1/2 – Bartel, Mateusz – G1433 1. d4 e6 2. c4 b6 3. Nc3 Bb7 4. a3 f5 5. d5 Nf6 6. g3 Bd6 7. Bg2 O-O 8. Nh3 a5 9. O-O Na6 10. Qc2 Nc5 1/2-1/2
World Blitz 2019 – Round 5.45 – Aravindh, Chithambaram VR. – 1/2-1/2 – Meier, Georg – G344 1. d4 e6 2. c4 b6 3. Nc3 Bb4 4. e4 Bb7 5. Qc2 Qh4 6. Bd3 f5 7. g3 Qh5 8. f3 fxe4 9. Bxe4 Nc6 10. Be3 Nf6
World Blitz 2021 – Round 1.83 – Sallam, Sabri Abdul-Mawla – 0-1 – Socko, Bartosz – G62 1. d4 e6 2. c4 b6 3. Nc3 Bb4 4. Nf3 Bb7 5. g3 Bxf3 6. exf3 Bxc3+ 7. bxc3 Ne7 8. Bg2 d5 9. O-O O-O 10. cxd5 exd5
World Blitz 2022 – Round 19.42 – Agmanov, Zhandos – 0-1 – Vallejo Pons, Francisco – G1023 1. d4 e6 2. c4 b6 3. Nc3 Bb4 4. e3 Bxc3+ 5. bxc3 Bb7 6. Nf3 f5 7. Bd3 Nf6 8. O-O O-O 9. Qc2 Qe8 10. Nd2 d6

A40h — English Defence (1911)

1.d4 b6 2.c4 e6 3.Nc3

Les coups candidats

3…Bb7 — 72.2% (3090 parties)

Ambassadeurs : Czebe, Attila (14x), Jamrich, Gyorgy (13x), Bokros, Albert (13x), Gaujens, Artis (13x), Grabuzova, Tatiana (12x), Chernyshov, Konstantin (10x), Lempert, Igor (9x), Matveeva, Svetlana (9x)

3…Bb4 — 24.2% (1035 parties)

Ambassadeurs : Kengis, Edvins (15x), Ehlvest, Jaan (8x), Speelman, Jon S (8x), Bricard, Emmanuel (6x), Rivas Pastor, Manuel (6x), Drill, Frank (6x), Bischoff, Klaus (5x), Le Blancq, Simon (4x)

3…Nf6 — 1.4% (59 parties) →

Ambassadeurs : Kock, Hans-Uwe (1x), Lieb, Harald (1x), Garcia Palermo, Carlos Horacio (1x), Valenti, Giuseppe (1x), Nilsson, Erik (1x), Carvalho, Nilson Silveira Prado (1x), Skalkotas, Nikolaos (1x), Balaskas, Panayotis (1x)

3…f5 — 1.4% (58 parties)

Ambassadeurs : Herzenstein, Georg (2x), Koenigl, Anton (2x), Afanasiev, Nikita (2x), Lein, Anatoly (1x), Haessler, Carl (1x), Jaeger, Erich (1x), Frantzke, Helmut (1x), Richter, Hildegard (1x)

Analyse statistique des coups candidats

Répartition par niveau Elo (% des parties)

Tranche Elo	N parties	3…Bb7	3…Bb4	3…Nf6	3…f5
<1800	323	69%	24%	4%	2%
1800-2200	1782	75%	21%	2%	2%
2200-2600	1614	70%	29%	0%	1%
2600+	53	53%	45%	—	2%

Évolution par décennie (% des parties)

Décennie	N parties	3…Bb7	3…Bb4	3…Nf6	3…f5
1950s	4	100%	—	—	—
1960s	6	67%	33%	—	—
1970s	59	59%	36%	2%	—
1980s	146	59%	38%	2%	1%
1990s	734	73%	23%	2%	1%
2000s	1423	75%	21%	1%	1%
2010s	1417	74%	22%	1%	2%
2020s	491	63%	35%	1%	1%

Tendances récentes (2010s → 2020s)

Coup	2010s	2020s	Δ
3…Bb7	74%	63%	▼ -11.5%
3…Bb4	22%	35%	▲ +13.3%
3…Nf6	1%	1%	-0.4%
3…f5	2%	1%	▼ -0.9%

Joueurs célèbres

Champions du monde dans cette position

Kramnik, Vladimir — 4 parties
Hou, Yifan — 3 parties
Botvinnik, Mikhail — 1 partie
Kasparov, Garry — 1 partie
Karpov, Anatoly — 1 partie
Gukesh D — 1 partie

Parties historiques

3…Bb7 — 72.2% (3090 parties)

1952 — Da Costa, Thomas Jefferson Pires vs Cole, Henry — 0-1 — Chester
1953 — Koltanowski, George vs Dumfries, C. . — 1-0 — Vancouver
1954 — Wood, Baruch vs Wallis, Philip N — 1/2-1/2 — Nottingham ch-BCF
1956 — Venkataramanan, T.S. vs Cardoso, Radolfo Tan — 0-1 — Moskou olm
1961 — Canabrava, Antonio vs Reis, Waltoires — 1-0 — Rio de Janeiro BRA

3…Bb4 — 24.2% (1035 parties)

1962 — Daniel Epangello Thomson vs Wallis, Philip N — 0-1 — Whitby ch-BCF
1964 — Winkelman, Dick vs Buchanan, Donald W — 1/2-1/2 — Oakland
1972 — Dam Nguyen Trang Anh vs Vogel, Jaap — 1-0 — Islington ENG
1977 — Ivkov, Borislav vs Piasetski, Leon — 1-0 — Stip
1977 — Portisch, Ferenc vs Stean, Michael F — 1/2-1/2 — Virovitica

3…Nf6 — 1.4% (59 parties)

1972 — Skalkotas, Nikolaos vs Balaskas, Panayotis — 1-0 — Xylokastro
1980 — Kock, Hans-Uwe vs Lieb, Harald — 0-1 — Bad Neuenahr GER
1988 — Garcia Palermo, Carlos Horacio vs Valenti, Giuseppe — 1-0 — San Benedetto
1989 — Nilsson, Erik vs Carvalho, Nilson Silveira Prado — 1-0 — ?
1991 — Koskinen, Henri vs Stromblad, Steve — 1-0 — Gausdal NOR

3…f5 — 1.4% (58 parties)

1989 — Lein, Anatoly vs Haessler, Carl — 1-0 — Philadelphia, PA USA
1990 — Bennborn, Jan vs Skulason, Johann — 0-1 — ?
1993 — Parker, Robert vs Mayers, Dan E — 1/2-1/2 — London SCCU op
1993 — Campbell, Robert J vs Barsky, Sam — 0-1 — Saratoga Springs, NY USA
1994 — Skacelik, Petr vs Molik, Zdenek — 0-1 — Prerov,CZE ch-Moravia open

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