Structure de pions
♔ Blancs ♚ Noirs
Pions doublés
Pions isolés
Arriérés
Chaînes ● f5→e4
Passés
Majorité
Cases
♔ Blancs ♚ Noirs
Cases fortes ● b5 (2v0), ● d5 (2v0), ● e5 (2v1), ● g5 (2v1) ● b4 (2v0)
Cases faibles
Centre ● d4 (2v1), ● d5 (2v0), ● e5 (2v1)
Colonnes et diagonales
♔ Blancs ♚ Noirs
Pièces
♔ Blancs ♚ Noirs
Bc1 ● Bc1 Non développé (mob. 5)
Bf1 ● Bf1 Non développé (mob. 0)
Bc8 ● Bc8 Non développé (mob. 0)
Bf8 ● Bf8 Non développé (mob. 5)
Paire de fous ● Oui ● Oui
Non développées 4 (● c1, ● f1, ● a1, ● h1) 5 (● g8, ● c8, ● f8, ● a8, ● h8)
Sécurité du roi
♔ Blancs ♚ Noirs
Statut ● Au centre ● Au centre
Droits de roque O-O / O-O-O O-O / O-O-O
Thèmes
♔ Blancs ♚ Noirs
Phase Ouverture
Centre mobile
Ruptures ● …d7-d5, ● …e4-e3

A27h — English: Three Knights, 3…f5 4.d4 e4

1.c4 e5 2.Nc3 Nc6 3.Nf3 f5 4.d4 e4 *   ○ Trait aux Blancs

Ouverture — Centre mobile

♔ Point de vue Blancs

8 7 6 5 4 3 2 1
bR
bB
bQ
bK
bB
bN
bR
bP
bP
bP
bP
bP
bP
bN
Case forte (2v0)
Case forte (2v0)
Case forte (2v1)
bP
Case forte (2v1)
wP
wPPion central
bP
wN
wN
wP
wP
wP
wP
wP
wP
wR
wBFou actif — mobilité 5
wQ
wK
wB
wR
abcdefgh
Plans. Ng5 (49 % des parties) ; Bg5 (Fou actif (mobilité 9), Développer c1 — 19 % des parties) ; Nd2 (12 % des parties) ; d5 (Occuper le centre — 12 % des parties).

♚ Point de vue Noirs

1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8
wR
wB
wK
wQ
wB
wR
wP
wP
wP
wP
wP
wP
wN
wN
bP
wP
wP
Case forte (2v0)
bP
bN
bP
bP
bP
bP
bP
bP
bR
bN
bBFou actif — mobilité 5
bK
bQ
bB
bR
hgfedcba
Plans. ...Nf6 (Développer g8 — 35 % des parties) ; ...Be7 (Fou actif (mobilité 8), Développer f8 — 22 % des parties) ; ...Bb4 (Clouer c3, Fou actif (mobilité 7), Développer f8 — 14 % des parties) ; ...h6 (11 % des parties) ; ...exf3 (Capture en f3 — 10 % des parties).
Avantages
Faiblesses
Diagonale active
Plans
Partie
1931 Budapest – Round 1 – Steiner, Endre – 1-0 – Szekely, Jeno – G1
1. c4 e5 2. Nc3 f5 3. Nf3 Nc6 4. d4 e4 5. Ng5 Bb4 6. Nh3 Nf6 7. e3 d5 8. Bd2 Be6 9. Nf4 Bxc3 10. bxc3 Bf7
1935 AUS Ch – Round 13 – Koshnitsky, Gregory – 0-1 – Hastings George H – G12
1. c4 e5 2. Nf3 Nc6 3. Nc3 f5 4. d4 e4 5. Ne5 Nxe5 6. dxe5 d6 7. Qd4 Ne7 8. Bg5 Nc6 9. Qd2 Qd7 10. exd6 Bxd6
1936 Copenhagen – Round 1 – Andersen, Erik – 1-0 – Norman Hansen, Holger – G1
1. c4 e5 2. Nc3 Nc6 3. Nf3 f5 4. d4 e4 5. Ng5 Bb4 6. d5 Ne5 7. Qb3 Bc5 8. Bf4 Qe7 9. e3 Nf6 10. Be2 O-O
1936 USA Ch New York, NY USA – Round 1 – Hanauer, Milton Loeb – 1/2-1/2 – Steiner, Heinrich Jun. – G1
1. c4 e5 2. Nf3 Nc6 3. Nc3 f5 4. d4 e4 5. Ne5 Nf6 6. f3 Bb4 7. Bg5 Qe7 8. Nxc6 dxc6 9. Qb3 h6 10. Bxf6 Bxc3+
1938 New York – Round ? – Marshall, Frank – 1-0 – McCormick, Edgar T – G12
1. c4 e5 2. Nc3 f5 3. Nf3 Nc6 4. d4 e4 5. Nd2 Nf6 6. e3 d5 7. cxd5 Nb4 8. Bc4 Nbxd5 9. Nxd5 Nxd5 10. Nxe4 Nxe3
1938 New York – Round 1 – Marshall Viele, Fabrizio Aaron – 1-0 – Mccormick Sanchez, Elliot Gael – G1
1. c4 e5 2. Nc3 f5 3. Nf3 Nc6 4. d4 e4 5. Nd2 Nf6 6. e3 d5 7. cxd5 Nb4 8. Bc4 Nbxd5 9. Nxd5 Nxd5 10. Nxe4 Nxe3
1943 Sverdlovsk – Round 4 – Ragozin, Viacheslav – 1-0 – Zagoriansky, Evgeny – G19
1. c4 e5 2. Nc3 Nc6 3. Nf3 f5 4. d4 e4 5. Nd2 Nf6 6. e3 Bb4 7. Nd5 O-O 8. Qb3 a5 9. Be2 a4 10. Qc2 Nxd5
1948 New York – Round 9 – Pilnik, Herman – 1-0 – Kramer, George – G45
1. c4 e5 2. Nc3 Nc6 3. Nf3 f5 4. d4 e4 5. Ng1 Nf6 6. e3 Be7 7. Nge2 O-O 8. a3 d6 9. b4 Qe8 10. Bb2 Nd8
1948 South Fallsburg ch-USA – Round 1 – Sandrin, Albert – 0-1 – Platz, Joseph – G2
1. c4 e5 2. Nc3 Nc6 3. Nf3 f5 4. d4 e4 5. Ne5 d6 6. Nxc6 bxc6 7. g4 g6 8. gxf5 gxf5 9. Rg1 Be7 10. Bf4 Nf6
1950 Venice – Round 11 – Abadia Castillo, Mateo – 1/2-1/2 – Steiner, Heinrich Jun. – G88
1. c4 e5 2. Nc3 Nc6 3. Nf3 f5 4. d4 e4 5. Nd2 Nf6 6. e3 Bb4 7. Qb3 Bxc3 8. Qxc3 d6 9. Be2 O-O 10. b3 Ne7
1954 Zuerich Zurich SUI – Round 2 – Schmid, Lothar – 1-0 – Beni, Alfred – G3
1. c4 e5 2. Nc3 Nc6 3. Nf3 f5 4. d4 e4 5. Nd2 Nf6 6. e3 Be7 7. Be2 O-O 8. O-O Qe8 9. f3 Bb4 10. fxe4 Bxc3
1955 CSR Ch – Round 12 – Kozma, Julius – 1-0 – Florian, Jaromir – G89
1. c4 e5 2. Nc3 Nc6 3. Nf3 f5 4. d4 e4 5. Nd2 d6 6. e3 g6 7. b3 Bg7 8. Bb2 Nf6 9. Be2 O-O 10. a3 Ne7
1959 URS Team Ch – Round ? – Korchnoi, Viktor – 1-0 – Aronin, Lev – G98
1. c4 e5 2. Nc3 Nc6 3. Nf3 f5 4. d4 e4 5. Nd2 Nf6 6. e3 g6 7. a3 Bg7 8. b4 O-O 9. g3 d5 10. Nb3 Ne7
1961 Baku ch-URS – Round 10 – Taimanov, Mark E – 1/2-1/2 – Polugaevsky, Lev – G94
1. c4 e5 2. Nc3 Nc6 3. Nf3 f5 4. d4 e4 5. d5 exf3 6. dxc6 fxg2 7. cxd7+ Qxd7 8. Qxd7+ Bxd7 9. Bxg2 c6 10. O-O Nf6
1962 Erevan ch-URS – Round 1 – Khodos, German – 0-1 – Aronin, Lev – G3
1. c4 e5 2. Nc3 Nc6 3. Nf3 f5 4. d4 e4 5. Nd2 Nf6 6. e3 g6 7. Be2 Bg7 8. O-O O-O 9. f3 exf3 10. Bxf3 b6
1963 Asztalos Memorial 6th – Round 3 – Bronstein, David I – 1-0 – Dely, Peter – G4
1. c4 e5 2. Nc3 Nc6 3. Nf3 f5 4. d4 e4 5. Bg5 Be7 6. Bxe7 Qxe7 7. Nd5 Qd6 8. Nd2 Nge7 9. Nxe7 Nxe7 10. e3 O-O
1963 CSR Ch sf – Round 12.2 – Pribyl, Josef – 1-0 – Jansa, Vlastimil – G54
1. c4 e5 2. Nc3 f5 3. Nf3 Nc6 4. d4 e4 5. d5 exf3 6. dxc6 fxg2 7. cxd7+ Bxd7 8. Bxg2 Qh4 9. Be3 Nf6 10. Qb3 Be7
1963 Spartak CC – Round ? – Katalymov, Boris – 1-0 – Cherepkov, Alexander V – G1
1. c4 e5 2. Nc3 Nc6 3. Nf3 f5 4. d4 e4 5. Bg5 Be7 6. Bxe7 Ngxe7 7. Nd2 Nxd4 8. Ndxe4 Ne6 9. Nd2 O-O 10. Nf3 d6
1963 Telnice/Usti – Round ? – Janata, Michael – 0-1 – Blatny, Frantisek – G3
1. c4 e5 2. Nc3 Nc6 3. Nf3 f5 4. d4 e4 5. d5 exf3 6. dxc6 fxg2 7. cxd7+ Qxd7 8. Bxg2 Qxd1+ 9. Kxd1 c6 10. Bf4 Be6
1964 CSR Ch – Round 15 – Kozma, Julius – 1/2-1/2 – Blatny, Frantisek – G110
1. c4 e5 2. Nc3 Nc6 3. Nf3 f5 4. d4 e4 5. Bg5 Be7 6. Bxe7 Ncxe7 7. Nd2 Nf6 8. e3 O-O 9. Be2 c6 10. O-O d5
1965 Belgrade – Round 2 – Kavalek, Lubomir – 1-0 – Gheorghiu, Florin – G9
1. c4 e5 2. Nc3 Nc6 3. Nf3 f5 4. d4 e4 5. Bg5 Be7 6. Bxe7 Ngxe7 7. Nd2 Nxd4 8. Ndxe4 Ne6 9. Ng3 O-O 10. e3 d6
1965 CSR Ch U18 – Round 5 – Pribyl, Josef – 1-0 – Boukal, Petr – G5
1. c4 e5 2. Nc3 Nc6 3. Nf3 f5 4. d4 e4 5. Nd2 Nf6 6. e3 Bb4 7. Qb3 Bxc3 8. Qxc3 O-O 9. d5 Ne7 10. b4 d6
1965 Hamburg etc – Round 2 – Kestler, Hans-Guenther – 1/2-1/2 – Dely, Peter – G60
1. c4 e5 2. Nc3 Nc6 3. Nf3 f5 4. d4 e4 5. Ng1 Bb4 6. e3 Bxc3+ 7. bxc3 Nf6 8. Nh3 O-O 9. Be2 b6 10. O-O Ba6
1965 Tallinn ch-URS – Round 1 – Osnos, Viatcheslav – 1/2-1/2 – Vasiukov, Evgeni – G8
1. c4 e5 2. Nc3 Nc6 3. Nf3 f5 4. d4 e4 5. Bg5 Be7 6. Bxe7 Ncxe7 7. Nd2 Nf6 8. e3 O-O 9. Be2 d6 10. O-O c6
1965 Toronto CC Ch – Round 10 – Sarosy, Zoltan L – 1-0 – Avery, Peter – G10
1. c4 e5 2. Nc3 Nc6 3. Nf3 f5 4. d4 e4 5. Nd2 Nxd4 6. Ndxe4 Ne6 7. Ng3 g6 8. e4 fxe4 9. Ngxe4 Bg7 10. Be3 Nf6
1966 Asztalos Memorial 9th – Round 10 – Barczay, Laszlo – 1/2-1/2 – Dely, Peter – G50
1. c4 e5 2. Nc3 Nc6 3. Nf3 f5 4. d4 e4 5. Ng5 h6 6. Nh3 g5 7. f3 exf3 8. exf3 Bg7 9. d5 Nd4 10. Be3 c5
1967 FRA Ch 42nd – Round 5 – Sanner, Michel – 0-1 – Thiellement, Andre – G3
1. c4 e5 2. Nc3 Nc6 3. Nf3 f5 4. d4 e4 5. Nd2 Nf6 6. e3 g6 7. a3 Bg7 8. b4 O-O 9. Be2 d6 10. b5 Ne7
1967 Havana Armies Ch 4th – Round 13 – Pribyl, Josef – 1-0 – Ozsvath, Andras – G79
1. c4 e5 2. Nc3 Nc6 3. Nf3 f5 4. d4 e4 5. Nd2 Nf6 6. e3 g6 7. f3 exf3 8. Nxf3 Bg7 9. Bd3 O-O 10. O-O Ne7
1967 Skopje – Round 2 – Panov, Vladimir – 1-0 – Dely, Peter – G19
1. c4 e5 2. Nc3 Nc6 3. Nf3 f5 4. d4 e4 5. Nd2 Nf6 6. e3 g6 7. Be2 Bg7 8. Rb1 O-O 9. b4 d6 10. Qb3 f4
1968 CSR Ch – Round 18 – Kavalek, Lubomir – 1-0 – Blatny, Frantisek – G156
1. c4 e5 2. Nc3 Nc6 3. Nf3 f5 4. d4 e4 5. Bg5 Be7 6. Bxe7 Ncxe7 7. Nd2 Nf6 8. e3 d6 9. f3 exf3 10. Qxf3 c6
1968 Lugano olm - Round 1 - Darga, Klaus - 1-0 - Naranja, Renato - G16
1. c4 e5 2. Nc3 Nc6 3. Nf3 f5 4. d4 e4 5. Ng5 Be7 6. Nh3 Nf6 7. e3 O-O 8. a3 a5 9. Be2 Kh8 10. O-O d6
1968 URS Team Ch – Round 1 – Nei, Iivo – 1/2-1/2 – Osnos, Viatcheslav – G4
1. c4 e5 2. Nc3 Nc6 3. Nf3 f5 4. d4 e4 5. Bg5 Be7 6. Bxe7 Qxe7 7. Nd5 Qd6 8. Nd2 Nge7 9. e3 Nxd5 10. cxd5 Qxd5
1969 Capablanca Memorial – Round 8 – O'Kelly, Albéric de Galway – 1/2-1/2 – Garcia Martinez, Silvino – G58
1. c4 e5 2. Nc3 Nc6 3. Nf3 f5 4. d4 e4 5. Ng5 Be7 6. Nh3 Nf6 7. e3 O-O 8. a3 a6 9. Be2 Qe8 10. f4 d6
1969 Toronto Closed reserves 1 – Round 1 – Sarosy, Zoltan L – 0-1 – Rajagopal, Mohan – G1
1. c4 e5 2. Nc3 Nc6 3. Nf3 f5 4. d4 e4 5. Nd2 Nf6 6. e3 Bb4 7. Qb3 Bxc3 8. Qxc3 d6 9. Be2 O-O 10. O-O a5
1971 Moscow – Round ? – Kotov, Alexander A – 0-1 – Liberzon, Vladimir – G15
1. c4 e5 2. Nc3 Nc6 3. Nf3 f5 4. d4 e4 5. Ng5 Bb4 6. d5 Ne5 7. Qd4 Qe7 8. Bf4 Ng6 9. d6 cxd6 10. Nh3 Nxf4
Brasilia 1981 – Round 1 – Lucena, Lincoln – 0-1 – Ljubojevic, Ljubomir – G2
1. c4 e5 2. Nc3 Nc6 3. Nf3 f5 4. d4 e4 5. Ng5 Bb4 6. h4 h6 7. Nh3 Qxh4 8. e3 Nf6 9. Be2 Ng4 10. g3 Bxc3+
Bugojno 1980 – Round 9 – Kavalek, Lubomir – 1/2-1/2 – Ljubojevic, Ljubomir – G34
1. c4 e5 2. Nc3 Nc6 3. Nf3 f5 4. d4 e4 5. Ng5 Nf6 6. Nh3 Bb4 7. e3 Ne7 8. Bd2 Bxc3 9. Bxc3 d5 10. Nf4 c6
Bugojno 1982 – Round 1 – Polugaevsky, Lev – 1/2-1/2 – Ljubojevic, Ljubomir – G2
1. c4 e5 2. Nc3 Nc6 3. Nf3 f5 4. d4 e4 5. Ng5 Bb4 6. Nh3 Nf6 7. e3 Ne7 8. Nf4 c6 9. Bd2 Bxc3 10. Bxc3 d5
Dortmunder Schachtage 1999 – Round 2 – Timman, Jan H – 1/2-1/2 – Sokolov, Ivan. – G5
1. c4 e5 2. Nc3 Nc6 3. Nf3 f5 4. d4 e4 5. Ng5 Bb4 6. g3 Nf6 7. d5 Ne5 8. Qb3 Qe7 9. Bg2 h6 10. Nh3 Qc5
Hoogovens 1979 – Round 8 – Abad Garcia, Gonzalo – 1/2-1/2 – Hort, Vlastimil – G18
1. c4 e5 2. Nc3 Nc6 3. Nf3 f5 4. d4 e4 5. Nd2 Nf6 6. e3 g6 7. Rb1 Bg7 8. b4 O-O 9. b5 Ne7 10. Be2 d6
Interpolis 1993 – Round 1 – Hansen, Curt – 1-0 – Krnic, Zdenko – G3
1. c4 e5 2. Nc3 Nc6 3. Nf3 f5 4. d4 e4 5. Ng1 Nf6 6. Nh3 Bb4 7. Bd2 O-O 8. e3 d6 9. Be2 Ne7 10. Nf4 c5
Leningrad ch-URS 1977 – Round 1 – Polugaevsky, Lev – 1-0 – Balashov, Yuri S – G1
1. c4 e5 2. Nf3 Nc6 3. Nc3 f5 4. d4 e4 5. Ng5 Nf6 6. e3 Bb4 7. Bd2 Qe7 8. Nh3 Nd8 9. a3 Bxc3 10. Bxc3 d6
Linares 1983 – Round 1 – Timman, Jan H – 1-0 – Sax, Gyula – G2
1. c4 e5 2. Nc3 Nc6 3. Nf3 f5 4. d4 e4 5. Ng5 Bb4 6. Nh3 Nf6 7. Nf4 O-O 8. h4 d6 9. e3 Bxc3+ 10. bxc3 Ne7
World Blitz 2021 – Round 17.7 – Maghsoodloo, Parham – 0-1 – Fedoseev, Vladimir – G1030
1. c4 e5 2. Nc3 Nc6 3. Nf3 f5 4. d4 e4 5. Nd2 Nf6 6. Nb3 d5 7. c5 Be7 8. Bg5 O-O 9. e3 Ng4 10. Bxe7 Nxe7
World Cup 1989 – Round ? – Vaganian, Rafael A – 1/2-1/2 – Nikolic, Predrag – G94
1. c4 e5 2. Nc3 Nc6 3. Nf3 f5 4. d4 e4 5. Bg5 Be7 6. Bxe7 Ncxe7 7. Ng1 Nf6 8. e3 d6 9. h4 c6 10. Nh3 Be6

A27h — Three Knights (1931)
1.c4 e5 2.Nc3 Nc6 3.Nf3 f5 4.d4 e4
Les coups candidats
5.Ng5 — 51.5% (1007 parties)
Ambassadeurs : Uhlmann, Wolfgang (7x), Cafferty, Bernard (7x), Ljubojevic, Ljubomir (6x), Polugaevsky, Lev (5x), Kamp, Christoph (5x), Raupp, Thomas (5x), Seret, Jean-Luc (4x), Hort, Vlastimil (4x)
5.Bg5 — 15.0% (293 parties)
Ambassadeurs : Liebert, Heinz (9x), Liberzon, Vladimir M (3x), Nikolic, Predrag (3x), Claesen, Pieter (3x), Katalymov, Boris (2x), Osnos, Viatcheslav (2x), Blatny, Frantisek (2x), Kavalek, Lubomir (2x)
5.d5 — 13.8% (271 parties)
Ambassadeurs : Navabi, Shirin (3x), Wolter, Uwe (3x), Gufeld, Eduard (2x), Pribyl, Josef (2x), Levy, David N L (2x), Noradounghian, Georges (2x), Iglesias Valle, Julian (2x), Koval, Daniel (2x)
5.Nd2 — 9.6% (187 parties)
Ambassadeurs : Beck, Georges (5x), Sarosy, Zoltan L (3x), Aronin, Lev (3x), Korchnoi, Viktor (3x), Mentel, Juergen, Dr. (3x), Khodos, German (2x), Avery, Peter (2x), Pribyl, Josef (2x)
Analyse statistique des coups candidats
Répartition par niveau Elo (% des parties)
Tranche Elo N parties 5.Ng5 5.Bg5 5.d5 5.Nd2
<1800 81 47% 7% 14% 10%
1800-2200 687 54% 13% 14% 9%
2200-2600 834 52% 17% 13% 8%
2600+ 18 44% 17% 22% 17%
Évolution par décennie (% des parties)
Décennie N parties 5.Ng5 5.Bg5 5.d5 5.Nd2
1950s 10 10% 70%
1960s 39 21% 28% 15% 28%
1970s 125 41% 22% 14% 20%
1980s 195 49% 24% 9% 9%
1990s 495 55% 17% 11% 10%
2000s 457 52% 15% 13% 8%
2010s 466 55% 9% 17% 6%
2020s 170 50% 6% 19% 8%
Tendances récentes (2010s → 2020s)
Coup 2010s 2020s Δ
5.Ng5 55% 50% ▼ -5.2%
5.Bg5 9% 6% ▼ -3.1%
5.d5 17% 19% ▲ +1.4%
5.Nd2 6% 8% ▲ +1.6%
Joueurs célèbres
Champions du monde dans cette position
Karpov, Anatoly — 1 partie
Carlsen, Magnus — 1 partie
Kramnik, Vladimir — 1 partie
Parties historiques
5.Ng5 — 51.5% (1007 parties)
1966 — Barczay, Laszlo vs Dely, Peter — 1/2-1/2 — Szombathely
1968 — Darga, Klaus vs Herter, Eberhard — 0-1 — Stuttgart GER
1968 — Darga, Klaus vs Naranja, Renato — 1-0 — Lugano olm
1969 — Pugach, Alevtina vs Fernandez, Alb — 1/2-1/2 — Rio Hondo Tch-ARG
1969 — Yurzinov vs Karlsson, Adam 2007 — 1-0 — Moscow RUS
5.Bg5 — 15.0% (293 parties)
1963 — Katalymov, Boris vs Aronin, Lev — 1/2-1/2 — Almaty
1963 — Katalymov, Boris vs Cherepkov, Alexander V — 1-0 — Soviet Union
1963 — Bronstein, David I vs Dely, Peter — 1-0 — Miskolc
1964 — Sosonko, Gennadi vs Abanin, Vladimir — 0-1 — Soviet Union
1964 — Kozma, Julius vs Blatny, Frantisek — 1/2-1/2 — Brno CZE
5.d5 — 13.8% (271 parties)
1958 — Perkins, Alan H vs Tarazi, Andre — 1-0 — Munich GER
1961 — Taimanov, Mark vs Polugaevsky, Lev — 1/2-1/2 — Baku ch-URS
1963 — Janata, Michael vs Blatny, Frantisek — 0-1 — Telnice/Usti
1963 — Pribyl, Josef vs Jansa, Vlastimil — 1-0 — Zvolen
1965 — Mikenas, Vladas vs Furman, Semyon — 1-0 — Leningrad RUS
5.Nd2 — 9.6% (187 parties)
1950 — Castillo Bermudez, Manuel vs Steiner, Herman — 1/2-1/2 — Venice ITA
1954 — Schmid, Lothar vs Beni, Alfred — 1-0 — Zuerich Zurich SUI
1954 — Kholmov, Ratmir D vs Borisenko, Aleksei V — 1-0 — Kiev ch-SU
1955 — Kozma, Julius vs Florian, Jaromir — 1-0 — Prague CZE
1958 — Vaitonis, Povilas vs Lagha, Khelil — 1/2-1/2 — Munich GER

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